CN102778259B - A kind of packaging type trunk stream determinator and assay method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of packaging type trunk stream determinator and assay method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102778259B CN102778259B CN201110428173.XA CN201110428173A CN102778259B CN 102778259 B CN102778259 B CN 102778259B CN 201110428173 A CN201110428173 A CN 201110428173A CN 102778259 B CN102778259 B CN 102778259B
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- composite material
- thermoplastic polyurethane
- polyurethane composite
- aqueduct
- trunk
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of packaging type trunk stream determinator and assay method thereof, the trunk periphery parcel Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material after process is smooth, and it is tentatively fixing; Inserted by one-level aqueduct in the pre-drilled vertical hole of this compound substance, upper end flushes with this compound substance, and lower end connects secondary aqueduct; This compound substance is fixed solid, and its upper end and one-level aqueduct upper end are whittled into tilted inclined-plane simultaneously; With glass cement stickyly respectively mend between this compound substance and trunk, this junction, compound substance two ends and the gap between compound substance and the one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe; In one-level aqueduct upper port, screen pack is fixed at place; Be connected to tap water meter one end on secondary aqueduct, the other end connects drainpipe.This device and assay method thereof at collection trunk stream, measure in trunk flow there is very large innovation, enormously simplify assay method and step, and experimentally can require the trunk flow that records exactly in the requirement of experiment period.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Forestry Meteorology observation instrument technical field, particularly a kind of packaging type trunk stream determinator and assay method thereof.
Background technology
The change in time and space characteristic understanding rainfall each several part (as rainfall in woods, crown interception, trunk stream etc.) in forest ecosystem is often needed in research work in Forestry Meteorology, forest hydrology, water and soil conservation etc.Trunk stream, as the important component part of rainfall in forest, is one of emphasis in rainfall monitoring research always.
According to document and actual service condition, the method for measuring of current trunk stream and equipment are essentially two kinds.One is proofed sleeve spiral wrap trunk intercepting process, namely classification is carried out by the forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, it is tree-like representational as normal wood with tree crown that each footpath level chooses 2 ~ 3 strains, forest apart from 1.3m place, ground, with the proofed sleeve spiral wound cut open to butt, be fixed on trunk with steel nail by proofed sleeve, fill up its gap with the waterproof material such as pitch, clay, semi-circular tube is bottom received in ground captation (as Plastic Drum or cement pit).Another kind is plastics bib method, and concrete thought is: winding plastic cloth on the smooth trunk processed, and the Polypropylence Sheet of smooth trunk upper end is wound around by elastic membrane more simultaneously, and fixes with iron wire, forms aquiclude; Then, by Polypropylence Sheet upper limb last volume parcel elastic membrane; Again, by Polypropylence Sheet lower edge upwards pocket rise and fix with iron wire; Finally, the water of plastics bib is guided to enter captation (as Plastic Drum or cement pit) by conduit.
Proofed sleeve spiral wrap trunk to collect the shortcoming of trunk stream is: 1) the intercepting path of determinator to trunk stream is long, makes proofed sleeve cause a large amount of mechanical damages with being fixedly connected of trunk to trunk; 2) gap of proofed sleeve and trunk is comparatively large, and it is quite difficult that its antiseep fills up process; 3) transporting of trunk stream is limited to narrow proofed sleeve passage, easily makes trunk stream excessive, causes the trunk stream collected to be less than actual value.
Plastics bib is wound around trunk: 1) at the closed place of aquiclude and trunk, one be difficult to guarantee trunk stream along trunk a small amount of under ooze, on the other hand because Polypropylence Sheet needs outer wraparound to wrap up in elastic membrane, cause to have one between this pervious bed and trunk can not the groove of draining, these aspects all will certainly expand the error of the method; 2) Polypropylence Sheet material used is poor, easily aging, fragile, and the mechanical support temporarily saved trunk stream is limited, can not reuse for a long time; 3) Polypropylence Sheet bib and branch, be connected indefinite between branch with aqueduct, lack scientific and precise; 4) be easy in installation process, cause Polypropylence Sheet to break or damage by the method for iron wire tighten Polypropylence Sheet, do not have the effect of due undertaking trunk stream; Use the method for iron wire tighten Polypropylence Sheet simultaneously, because iron wire is easy to get rusty, often cause the landing of plastics bib, the failure of an experiment.
The savings device of above two kinds of trunk streams is Plastic Drum or cement pit.Plastic bucket is easily aging, and need often upgrade, recycling rate of waterused is low, and is easy to suffer nature and artificial destruction; Meanwhile, the retention volume of plastic bucket is all fixing, and when meeting extra torrential rain, Plastic Drum is easy to fill and excessive, causes test and observes unsuccessfully.And cement pit is when doing water storage unit, because domatic leveling and cement pit construction not only can destroy ground vegetation, and time-consuming, effort, cost is high, and be very easily affected by the external environment with in the process of cement pit storage trunk stream, especially when cement pit is not added a cover, rainfall directly can enter into pond, thus causes trunk stream observational error.
Although above two kinds of trunk stream collection methods are different, but trunk flow assay methods is all identical, be namely all by conduit, the trunk flowing water collected is introduced in ground bucket or cement pit and carried out artificial observation (water collected in the equipment of being filled with water is measured the water yield by graduated cylinder, measuring cup etc.).Because general graduated cylinder or measuring cup are all less, so need, repeatedly by the water injection rate IR wetting system of the equipment of being filled with water, easily make water trickle down and then cause the inaccurate of experimental data; Measuring process is numerous and diverse simultaneously, easily causes error of omission or misremembers.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of packaging type trunk stream determinator and assay method thereof, to solve the actual demand that trunk stream is collected and measured, for the space-time Distribution dynamics of rainfall in accurate quantification forest provides technical support.
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of packaging type trunk stream determinator, is characterized in that: comprise Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, one-level aqueduct, secondary aqueduct, drainpipe and water meter; Described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wraps smooth trunk and fixes, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall is opened a vertical hole, one-level aqueduct is inserted in vertical hole pre-drilled on Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall, upper end flushes with Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, lower end connects secondary aqueduct, secondary aqueduct end connects water meter one end, and the water meter other end connects drainpipe.
Described weatherability nylon binding band fixes the upper end of Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, middle part and lower end respectively.
Described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper end and one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe upper end are whittled into tilted inclined-plane, preferably cut tilted inclined-plane at 45 °.
Between described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material and trunk, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material two adjacent side junction and the gap between Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material and the one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe, by the gluing benefit of glass.
Describedly place at mouth of pipe place, one-level aqueduct upper end and fix screen pack, screen pack material is stainless steel.
Described one-level aqueduct material is rigid pvc pipe; Secondary aqueduct and drainpipe material are soft pvc pipe.
An assay method for above-mentioned packaging type trunk stream determinator, comprises the following steps:
(1) normal wood of Different Diameter level is selected at sample;
(2) at distance 1.3m place, ground, do not injure under the main water of trunk supports the prerequisite of transport channel, make to expose the smooth trunk that width is 20cm;
(3) wrap smooth trunk by Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, and tie the upper end of Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, middle part and lower end respectively with weatherability nylon binding band, be as the criterion with the Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material downslide that do not come off;
(4) one-level aqueduct is inserted vertical hole pre-drilled on Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall, upper end flushes with Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, and lower end connects secondary aqueduct;
(5) to tie tight successively the binding band at Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper, middle and lower three place;
(6) tilted inclined-plane at 45 ° is cut in Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper end and one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe upper end;
(7) with glass cement stickyly respectively mend between Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material and trunk, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material two adjacent side junction and the gap between Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material and the one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe;
(8) be connected on secondary aqueduct by water meter one end, the other end connects drainpipe.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
The trunk of the present invention after process is smooth is peripheral, wrap up a kind of there is waterproof, ageing-resistant, retractility is strong, the Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material of the characteristic such as flexible to collect trunk stream, with weatherability nylon binding band, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper end, middle part and lower end are tentatively fixed on trunk; The flexibility of Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material is good, can adapt to the rough surface of trunk; Its strong retractility can enable material extend along with the growth (thicker) of trunk, is unlikely to cause material breaks and cannot obtains trunk stream; Its resistance to ag(e)ing can make this material use several years in the wild, decreases experiment investment.
Secondly, one-level aqueduct is inserted vertical hole pre-drilled in Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall, and upper end flushes with Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, and lower end connects secondary aqueduct; Tilted inclined-plane (inclined-plane is towards trunk) at 45 ° being cut in Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper end and one-level aqueduct upper end simultaneously, for intercepting and homing tree master stream, and preventing trunk stream excessive.
Again, in one-level aqueduct upper end, mouth of pipe place places and fixes screen pack, can prevent foreign material from entering the obstruction causing aqueduct and water meter;
Finally, household tap water water meter one end is connected on secondary aqueduct, the other end connects drainpipe, the difference of twice, the front and back reading of water meter is utilized directly to read the trunk stream total amount of a rainfall, instead of in traditional measurement, first collect trunk stream with Plastic Drum or cement pit, measure the method for the water yield again with common graduated cylinder.New equipment and measuring method instead of the easy loss of traditional Plastic Drum, easily aging shortcoming, and when overcoming that rainfall amount is excessive then and there, the easy filled with water of Plastic Drum and excessive, cause the shortcoming that cannot obtain accurate trunk flow data; Also can overcome by the shortcoming of cement pit as water collecting equipment, as high in cost, surface disturbance is large.So the step that the method that trunk stream measured by this water meter enormously simplify the collection of trunk stream and measures, and the experimental data required for acquisition can be ensured, and experimentally can require the trunk flow in the accurate recording requirement of experiment period (as year, rainy season, the moon, day, field heavy rain).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
As shown in Figure 1,1-Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, 2-one-level aqueduct, 3-secondary aqueduct, 4-drainpipe, 5-water meter, 6-trunk, 7-binding band, the tilted inclined-plane of 8-, 9-screen pack.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the invention will be further described.
A kind of packaging type trunk stream determinator, is characterized in that: comprise Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1, one-level aqueduct 2, secondary aqueduct 3, drainpipe 4 and water meter 5; Described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 wraps smooth trunk and fixes, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall is opened a vertical hole, one-level aqueduct 2 is inserted in vertical hole pre-drilled on Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 wall, upper end flushes with Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1, and described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 upper end and one-level aqueduct 2 mouth of pipe upper end are whittled into tilted inclined-plane 8; The angle tilted is 15-75 °, and preferably cut tilted inclined-plane at 45 °, trunk flowing water conveniently gathers thus, and is easy to dirty along one-level aqueduct 2.
One-level aqueduct 2 lower end connects secondary aqueduct 3, and secondary aqueduct 3 end connects water meter 5 one end, and water meter 5 other end connects drainpipe 4, and current measure rear outflow by water meter 5.
Described weatherability nylon binding band 7 fixes the upper end of Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1, middle part and lower end respectively, and colligation is firm, does not come off.
Between described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 and trunk 6, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 liang of adjacent side junction and the gap between Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 and one-level aqueduct 2 mouth of pipe, by the gluing benefit of glass, trunk stream can not be flowed away from these gaps, and cause metric results wrong.
Describedly place at mouth of pipe place, one-level aqueduct 2 upper end and fix screen pack 9, screen pack 9 material is stainless steel, for tackling the litter such as leaf, branch and other foreign material, avoids aqueduct to block.
Described one-level aqueduct 2 material is rigid pvc pipe, in convenient insertion Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall; Secondary aqueduct 3 and drainpipe material are soft pvc pipe, are easy to connect between each parts.
Packaging type trunk flow assay methods can carry out as follows successively:
(1) normal wood of Different Diameter level is selected at sample;
(2) at distance 1.3m place, ground, under not injuring trunk 6 mainly water supporting the prerequisite of transport channel, eliminate rough bark and gully downwards with cutter, make it to expose the smooth trunk that width is 20cm;
(3) smooth trunk 6 is wrapped by Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1, and tie the upper end of Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1, middle part and lower end respectively with weatherability nylon binding band 7, tentatively be wrapped on trunk 6 by Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1, tightness is as the criterion with Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 downslide that do not come off;
(4) inserted by one-level aqueduct 2 in the vertical hole on Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 wall, upper end flushes with Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1, and lower end connects secondary aqueduct 3;
(5) the weatherability nylon binding band 7 at Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 of tying tight successively upper, middle and lower three place;
(6) Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 and one-level aqueduct 2 mouth of pipe cutter upper end are cut tilted inclined-plane at 45 °, be beneficial to intercept and homing tree master stream, and prevent trunk stream excessive;
(7) sticky gap of squeegeeing, with glass cement stickyly respectively mend between Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 and trunk 6, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 liang of adjacent side junction and the gap between Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material 1 and one-level aqueduct 2 mouth of pipe;
(8) screen pack is installed, in one-level aqueduct 2 upper end, mouth of pipe place places and fixes screen pack 9, for tackling the litter such as leaf, branch and other foreign material, avoids aqueduct to block, affect the normal operation of water meter 5, and remove litter and foreign material in time after every rainfall;
(9) install water meter 5, be connected on secondary aqueduct 3 by water meter 5 one end, the other end connects drainpipe.
Wherein concrete Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material Jacket thickness is 4cm, and wide is 20cm, and length is determined according to tree-walk; On the thickness of Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, vertical brill diameter is the hole of 2cm; One-level aqueduct material is rigid pvc pipe, long 30cm, external diameter 2cm; Secondary aqueduct and drainpipe material are soft pvc pipe, internal diameter 2cm, and length is respectively 120 ~ 200cm and 30 ~ 50cm; Screen pack material is stainless steel, aperture 0.15cm, and area is as the criterion to cover the one-level aqueduct upper end mouth of pipe.
Claims (8)
1. a packaging type trunk stream determinator, is characterized in that: comprise Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, weatherability nylon binding band, one-level aqueduct, secondary aqueduct, drainpipe and water meter; Described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wraps smooth trunk, and fix with weatherability nylon binding band, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall is opened a vertical hole, one-level aqueduct is inserted in the vertical hole on Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall, upper end flushes with Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, lower end connects secondary aqueduct, and secondary aqueduct end connects water meter one end, and the water meter other end connects drainpipe; Described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper end and one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe upper end are whittled into tilted inclined-plane;
Mouth of pipe place, described one-level aqueduct upper end places and fixes screen pack; Tilted inclined-plane at 45 ° is cut in described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper end and one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe upper end.
2. packaging type trunk stream determinator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: fix the upper end of Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, middle part and lower end respectively with weatherability nylon binding band.
3. packaging type trunk stream determinator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material and trunk, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material two adjacent side junction and the gap between Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material and the one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe, by the gluing benefit of glass.
4. packaging type trunk stream determinator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described one-level aqueduct material is rigid pvc pipe; Secondary aqueduct and drainpipe material are soft pvc pipe.
5. an assay method for the packaging type trunk stream determinator as described in one of claim 1-4, comprises the following steps:
(1) normal wood of Different Diameter level is selected at sample;
(2) at distance 1.3m place, ground, do not injure under the main water of trunk supports the prerequisite of transport channel, normal wood is exposed smooth trunk that width is 20cm;
(3) wrap smooth trunk by Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, and tie the upper end of Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, middle part and lower end respectively with weatherability nylon binding band, be as the criterion with the Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material downslide that do not come off;
(4) on Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall, open a vertical hole, inserted in the vertical hole on Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material wall by one-level aqueduct, upper end flushes with Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material, and lower end connects secondary aqueduct;
(5) to tie tight successively the weatherability nylon binding band at Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper, middle and lower three place;
(6) Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper end and one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe upper end are whittled into tilted inclined-plane;
(7) with glass cement stickyly respectively mend between Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material and trunk, Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material two adjacent side junction and the gap between Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material and the one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe;
(8) be connected on secondary aqueduct by water meter one end, the other end connects drainpipe.
6. the assay method of packaging type trunk stream determinator as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in one-level aqueduct upper end, mouth of pipe place places and fixes screen pack.
7. the assay method of packaging type trunk stream determinator as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described screen pack material is stainless steel, covers the one-level aqueduct upper end mouth of pipe.
8. the assay method of packaging type trunk stream determinator as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: tilted inclined-plane at 45 ° is cut in described Thermoplastic polyurethane composite material upper end and one-level aqueduct mouth of pipe upper end.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110428173.XA CN102778259B (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | A kind of packaging type trunk stream determinator and assay method thereof |
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| CN201110428173.XA CN102778259B (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | A kind of packaging type trunk stream determinator and assay method thereof |
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| CN102778259A CN102778259A (en) | 2012-11-14 |
| CN102778259B true CN102778259B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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| CN105928580B (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2019-04-16 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A kind of lossless trunk runoff is shut off collecting and measuring system |
| CN107966183B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-11-12 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | A kind of turbo blade machine adds hole air-flow measurement method |
| CN113172718B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2023-08-18 | 谢崇德 | Tree knot removing device for processing cypress boards |
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| AU4015093A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-12-16 | Anthony Eugene Chaplin | Water catchment apparatus |
| DE10137309A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2002-12-19 | Reinhard Boller | Device for measurement of the quality and properties of rainwater to ensure that rainwater running-off conforms standards is positioned to collect water from a weir recess so that there is always sufficient sampling water |
| CN2786603Y (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2006-06-07 | 阮士松 | Trunk radial flow collector |
| CN201614610U (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-10-27 | 北京师范大学 | Collecting device for stem flow |
| CN201624042U (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-11-10 | 刘满红 | Rain-proof water discharge cap used for rubber trees |
| CN101995346A (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-30 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Stem flow intercepting method |
-
2011
- 2011-12-20 CN CN201110428173.XA patent/CN102778259B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU4015093A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-12-16 | Anthony Eugene Chaplin | Water catchment apparatus |
| DE10137309A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2002-12-19 | Reinhard Boller | Device for measurement of the quality and properties of rainwater to ensure that rainwater running-off conforms standards is positioned to collect water from a weir recess so that there is always sufficient sampling water |
| CN2786603Y (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2006-06-07 | 阮士松 | Trunk radial flow collector |
| CN101995346A (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-30 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Stem flow intercepting method |
| CN201624042U (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-11-10 | 刘满红 | Rain-proof water discharge cap used for rubber trees |
| CN201614610U (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-10-27 | 北京师范大学 | Collecting device for stem flow |
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| CN102778259A (en) | 2012-11-14 |
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