CN102191789B - Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest - Google Patents
Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN102191789B CN102191789B CN201110138747XA CN201110138747A CN102191789B CN 102191789 B CN102191789 B CN 102191789B CN 201110138747X A CN201110138747X A CN 201110138747XA CN 201110138747 A CN201110138747 A CN 201110138747A CN 102191789 B CN102191789 B CN 102191789B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
Abstract
The invention relates to a single-point rainwater collecting device and a multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside a forest. The multiple-point measuring system of the throughfall inside the forest comprises a plurality of single-point rainwater collecting devices, a plurality of sets of collecting pipes, a plurality of collecting pipe hack levers, a plurality of rubber pipes and a rainwater collecting box, wherein the number of the single-point rainwater collecting devices is more than and equal to 30; each set of collecting pipes include a plurality of collecting branch pipes formed by connecting connection pipes; the number of the rubber pipes is the same as the number of the collecting pipes, the first end of each rubber pipe is respectively connected with the first ends of one set of collecting pipes, and the second end of each rubber pipe is connected with the rainwater collecting box; the collecting branch pipes composing each set of collecting pipes are fixed on collecting pipe brackets or the collecting pipe hack levers of the single-point rainwater collecting devices, wherein the collecting branch pipes respectively provided with sleeve pipes are connected with hopper openings of the single-point rainwater collecting devices through the sleeve pipes; cylinder fixing rings of the single-point rainwater collecting devices are arranged on support rods; rainwater collecting cylinders are fixedly connected with the cylinder fixing rings through cylinder gaskets; the hopper openings are arranged on the lower ends of the rainwater collecting cylinders and communicated with inside of the rainwater collecting cylinders; and the collecting pipe brackets are arranged on the support rods and positioned on the lower ends of the hopper openings. The invention is used for measuring the throughfall inside the forest and has the advantages of easy manufacture, flexible usage, convenience for measurement and accurate measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mensuration system of throughfall in a kind of single-point collection rain device and multipoint mode woods, belong to forest hyetometry technical field.
Background technology
In forest, throughfall is one of main research of forest hydrology research, is the leading indicator of determining the forest canopy amount.For the mensuration of throughfall in woods, the most frequently used, direct means are to lay rain gage bucket or rain-harvesting trough observation in sylvan life at present.But due to the crown canopy skewness of general forest, the mensuration precision that penetrates rain for raising must ensure certain rain area that connects.Like this, if use rain gage bucket to observe, need to lay a large amount of rain gage buckets, the work of not only laying is numerous and diverse, and measure also wastes time and energy very much; Although and that rain-harvesting trough connects the rain area is larger, volume is comparatively huge, carrying with comparatively inconvenience is installed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly be easy to processing and fabricating, use flexibly, measure facility and the measurement result mensuration system of throughfall in woods accurately.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Corresponding single-point collection rain device comprises rain cylinder, card cylinder sheet, pole, solid cylinder circle, header support and bell mouth, Gu the cylinder circle is arranged on pole, rain cylinder is fixedly connected with solid cylinder circle by card cylinder sheet, bell mouth is arranged on the lower end of rain cylinder and is connected with the inside of rain cylinder, and the header support is arranged on pole and goes up and be positioned at lural lower end.
in corresponding multipoint mode woods, the mensuration system of throughfall comprises some, generally 〉=30 single-point collection rain devices as claimed in claim 1, some cover headers, some header hack levers, some sebific ducts and a collection rain case, every cover header comprises that some affluxs that connect by tube connector are in charge of, the first end of the quantity of sebific duct and every piece sebific duct identical with the quantity of header is connected with the first end of a cover header respectively, the second end of every sebific duct all is connected with collection rain case, each afflux that forms every cover header is in charge of on the header support that is fixed on single-point collection rain device or on the header hack lever, wherein each afflux with well is in charge of with the bell mouth of single-point collection rain device and is connected by sleeve pipe.
The present invention has advantages of following:
1., be easy to processing and fabricating: the raw material of employing are and are easy on the market the common materials that obtains, and simple in structure, easily a large amount of processing and fabricatings;
2., use flexibly: adopt the component combination mode, easy to assembly, set up the length of the height of rain cylinder and pipeline and connecting pipe and can debug joint according to the size groups on forest sample ground;
3., measure facility: throughfall in the woods in can measuring comparatively easily in a big way;
4., measure accurately: used a large amount of, the more uniform rain cylinder that distributes owing to measuring, made the precision of measurement higher.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of the single-point collection rain device that Fig. 1 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention, label 1 expression rain cylinder wherein, label 2 expression card cylinder sheets, label 3 expression poles, the label 4 solid cylinder circles of expression, label 5 expression header supports, label 6 expression screws, label 7 expression bell mouths;
The header hack lever schematic diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention, label 3 expression poles wherein, label 6 expression screws, label 8 expression band pipe holders;
The plan structure schematic diagram of the mensuration system of throughfall in the multipoint mode woods that Fig. 3 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention, label 11 expression headers wherein, label 12 expression sebific ducts, label 13 expression collection rain casees, label 14 expression single-point collection rain devices; Label 15 expression header hack levers;
The structural representation of the header that Fig. 4 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention; Label 31 expression affluxs not with well are in charge of, label 32 expression tube connectors, and label 33 expression affluxs with well are in charge of; Label 34 expression sleeve pipes; Label 35 expression header first ends; Label 36 expression header the second ends;
The structural representation of the collection rain case that Fig. 5 provides for the specific embodiment of the present invention, label 131 expression inlet openings wherein, label 132 expression water columns, label 133 expression water valves, label 134 expression supports, label 135 expression casings.
The specific embodiment
This specific embodiment provides a kind of single-point collection rain device, as shown in Figure 1, this device comprises rain cylinder 1, card cylinder sheet 2, pole 3, solid cylinder circle 4, header support 5 and bell mouth 7, Gu cylinder circle 4 is arranged on pole 3, rain cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with solid cylinder circle 4 by card cylinder sheet 2, bell mouth 7 is arranged on the lower end of rain cylinder 1 and is connected with the inside of rain cylinder 1, and header support 5 is arranged on pole 3 and is positioned at the lower end of bell mouth 7.
Concrete, the internal diameter of solid cylinder circle 4 can be identical with the external diameter of rain cylinder 1 or be slightly larger than the external diameter of rain cylinder 1, rain cylinder 1 can be enclosed 4 with solid cylinder by card cylinder sheet 2 and combine closely, and can arbitrarily change rain cylinder 1; The bottom of rain cylinder 1 is provided with the bell mouth 7 of cylindrical, hollow, is used for discharging by the rainwater that rain cylinder 1 is collected in bell mouth 7, and header support 5 is arranged on pole 3 and is positioned at the lower end of bell mouth 7, is used for the fixing drainage pipe that is connected with bell mouth 7.
For can make rain cylinder 1 stable be arranged on specific position, the bottom of pole 3 can be set as taper, be used for to insert the certain degree of depth in ground, can guarantee the stability of pole 3, can guarantee that again the quantity of the rain cylinder 1 on being arranged on pole 3 can not cause pole 3 to be toppled over when more.
In order to prevent that the impurity such as fallen leaves or dust from entering rain cylinder 1 and resulting in blockage, can filter screen be set in the inside of rain cylinder.
In order more firmly to fix cylinder circle 4, have several screws 6 on pole 3, be used for fixing cylinder circle 4 by screw.
on the basis of above-mentioned single-point collection rain device, embodiments of the invention provide the mensuration system of throughfall in a kind of multipoint mode woods, as shown in Figure 2, this system comprises some cover headers 11, some sebific ducts 12, collection rain case 13, several single-point collection rain device 14 and header hack levers 15, every cover header 11 comprises that some affluxs that connect to form by tube connector are in charge of 31 or 33, the first end of the identical and every sebific duct 12 of the quantity of the quantity of sebific duct 12 and header 11 respectively with the first end of a cover header 11 namely 35 ends be connected, the second end of every sebific duct 12 all is connected with collection rain case 13, each afflux that forms every cover header is in charge of 31 (not being with sleeve pipe), 33 (band sleeve pipes) are separately positioned on the header support of header hack lever 15 and each single-point rain trap, wherein each afflux with well is in charge of 33 and is connected by sleeve pipe 34 with the bell mouth 7 of single-point collection rain device, afflux not with well is in charge of 31 and is passed the band pipe holder 8 on header hack lever 15 and be fixed.
Concrete, in the process of the mensuration system of throughfall, at first lay single-point collection rain device 14 in the multipoint mode woods is set, according to the spacing of about 4m * 4m on sample ground even at least 30 single-point collection rain devices 14 of laying.In the procedures of establishment, pole 3 is inserted the earth's surface, rain cylinder 1 is fixed in solid cylinder circle 4 by card cylinder sheet 2, and selects the suitably screw 6 of height, will consolidate cylinder circle 4 fixing by screw and pole 3; With same method, header support 5 is arranged on pole 3, makes 5 spacings that reserve 1cm～5cm of bell mouth 7 bottoms and header support, be used for installing header 11; Pack in rain cylinder 1 simultaneously, then with filter screen.
After laying single-point collection rain device 14 and completing, continue to install header 11, the lower end of the bell mouth 7 of single-point collection rain device 14 is inserted be in charge of 33 with the afflux of sleeve pipe, regulate simultaneously the height of header support 5 so that the installation of header 11 is stable; With tube connector 32 will with the afflux of sleeve pipe be in charge of 33 be in charge of for 31 alternate being connected without the afflux of sleeve pipe, make header 11 as shown in Figure 4, be in charge of the header of composition as example take 9 affluxs, at least 5 affluxs wherein are in charge of 33 middle part and are provided with sleeve pipe 34 for the bell mouth 7 that connects single-point collection rain device 14, all the other at the most 4 affluxs be in charge of 31 and be the common PVC pipe.Carry out simultaneously being in charge of with the afflux of sleeve pipe being connected and fixing afflux not with well with header hack lever 15 and be in charge of 31 work of bell mouth 7 of 33 sleeve pipe 34 and single-point collection rain device 14, in the time of fixedly, afflux is in charge of 31 and is passed on header pole 5 with in the conduit peschel on pipe holder 8.To note in installation process inserting the degree of depth on ground or selecting the screw 6 of suitable height to regulate the height of each rain cylinder 1 by adjusting pole 3, make the second end 36 1 sides of header 11 higher than first end 35 1 sides, to guarantee making rainwater to flow to first end 35 from the second end 36.
After installation header 11 is completed, continue to settle collection rain case 13, select suitable place to settle collection rain case 13 according to the position of single-point collection rain device 14, header 11 and the length of sebific duct, be provided with several inlet openings 131 on collection rain case 13, the bottom of collection rain case 13 is provided with for the water column 132 of measuring the water yield, the water side of water column 132 is provided with water valve 133, integrate the bottom of casing 135 of rain case 13 as V-shape, the easy throughput water pipe 132 of rainwater of collection is flowed out, and the bottom of casing 135 is provided with support 134.Before settling in the hole of selected place excavation appropriate depth laying collection rain case 13, the degree of depth in hole and makes the side slot milling in hole measure the water yield to use so that be advisable near ground in the inlet opening of collection rain case 13.
After installation collection rain case 13 is completed, connect header 11 and collection rain case 13, pattern with reference to Fig. 3, with tube connector 32, some cover headers 11 are connected with the sebific duct 12 of respective numbers respectively, again the other end of sebific duct 12 is imported in the inlet opening 131 of collection rain case 13, the stage casing of each sebific duct 12 is fixing with header hack lever 15, the conduit peschel with pipe holder 8 on header hack lever 15 is passed in sebific duct 12 stage casings, regulate the height in stage casing, rainwater can be flowed in collection rain case 13 smoothly from header 11.
In the measuring process of Lin Neiyu, the water valve 133 of collection rain case 13 delivery ports is fastened, and rainfall is opened water valve 133 later, according to the discharge of water column 132, by the volume of graduated cylinder or water meter measuring set rain case 13 interior rainwater.Wherein, rainwater volume (ml, cm in amount of precipitation (mm) in woods=case
3)/(314.16n), usually, n 〉=30.
In the multipoint mode woods that can also provide by this specific embodiment in addition,, the mensuration system of throughfall estimates (the general ratio of water flow in the stem is very little, ignores) herein to the measurement of forest interception.Lay simultaneously rain gage bucket outside woods, measure the outer amount of precipitation of woods.Wherein, the outer amount of precipitation (mm) of forest interception (mm)=woods-Lin Nei amount of precipitation (mm).
The technical scheme that adopts this specific embodiment to provide has advantages of following:
1., be easy to processing and fabricating: the raw material of employing are and are easy on the market the common materials that obtains, and simple in structure, easily a large amount of processing and fabricatings;
2., use flexibly: adopt the component combination mode, easy to assembly, set up the length of the height of rain cylinder and pipeline and connecting pipe and can debug joint according to the size groups on forest sample ground;
3., measure facility: throughfall in the woods in can measuring comparatively easily in a big way;
4., measure accurately: used a large amount of, the more uniform rain cylinder that distributes owing to measuring, made the precision of measurement higher.
The above; only for the better specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement are within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (8)
1. the mensuration system of throughfall in a multipoint mode woods, it is characterized in that, comprise several single-point collection rain devices, some cover headers, some header hack levers, some sebific ducts and a collection rain case, every cover header comprises that some affluxs that connect to form by tube connector are in charge of, the first end of the quantity of sebific duct and every piece sebific duct identical with the quantity of header is connected with the first end of a cover header respectively, the second end of every sebific duct all is connected with collection rain case, each afflux that forms every cover header is in charge of on the header support that is fixed on single-point collection rain device or on the header hack lever, wherein each afflux with well is in charge of with the bell mouth of single-point collection rain device and is connected by sleeve pipe, the header support is arranged on pole and goes up and be positioned at lural lower end.
2. the mensuration system of throughfall in multipoint mode woods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with several inlet openings on described collection rain case, the second end of every sebific duct all is connected with an inlet opening, the bottom of collection rain case is provided with for the water column of measuring the water yield, and the water side of water column is provided with water valve.
3. the mensuration system of throughfall in multipoint mode woods according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the described bottom of rain case that integrates is as V-shape.
4. the mensuration system of throughfall in multipoint mode woods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, has at least the middle part that half afflux is in charge of to be provided with for the lural sleeve pipe that connects single-point collection rain device in described every cover header.
5. the mensuration system of throughfall in multipoint mode woods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described single-point collection rain device comprises rain cylinder, card cylinder sheet, pole, solid cylinder circle and bell mouth, Gu the cylinder circle is arranged on pole, rain cylinder is fixedly connected with solid cylinder circle by card cylinder sheet, and bell mouth is arranged on the lower end of rain cylinder and is connected with the inside of rain cylinder.
6. the mensuration system of throughfall in multipoint mode woods according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described single-point collection rain device also comprises filter screen, and described filter screen is arranged on the inside of rain cylinder.
7. the mensuration system of throughfall in multipoint mode woods according to claim 5, is characterized in that, has the screw that several are used for fixing by screw the cylinder circle on described pole.
8. the mensuration system of throughfall according to claim 5 or 7 described multipoint mode woodss, is characterized in that, the bottom of described pole is taper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110138747XA CN102191789B (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2011-05-26 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110138747XA CN102191789B (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2011-05-26 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102191789A CN102191789A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
| CN102191789B true CN102191789B (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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| CN201110138747XA Expired - Fee Related CN102191789B (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2011-05-26 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102854546B (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2015-02-04 | 江苏大学 | Portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field |
| CN103018423B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-04-15 | 北京林业大学 | Device and method for measuring frutex rainfall interception quantity |
| CN106226130A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | A kind of forest penetrates rain collector |
| CN108254806B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2023-10-20 | 桂林理工大学 | Comprehensive measuring system for forest penetrating rain |
| CN108267802B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2023-11-14 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for manufacturing comprehensive measuring device for forest rain penetration |
| CN108196320A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-22 | 桂林理工大学 | It is portable to penetrate rain measuring system |
| CN108469635B (en) * | 2018-06-09 | 2023-09-29 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Section rainfall collection device and section rainfall collection method |
| KR102310512B1 (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-10-08 | 주식회사 코스모테크 | Multifunctional Observation Station with Rainfall and Snowfall Measuring Device |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5038606A (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1991-08-13 | Concept Engineering, Inc. | Rain gauge |
| CN2716852Y (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2005-08-10 | 海宁市气象局 | An auto-heating water bearing unit for rainfall sensor |
| CN201031406Y (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-03-05 | 石钰漳 | Collection, storage and purification apparatus for rainwater |
-
2011
- 2011-05-26 CN CN201110138747XA patent/CN102191789B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5038606A (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1991-08-13 | Concept Engineering, Inc. | Rain gauge |
| CN2716852Y (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2005-08-10 | 海宁市气象局 | An auto-heating water bearing unit for rainfall sensor |
| CN201031406Y (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-03-05 | 石钰漳 | Collection, storage and purification apparatus for rainwater |
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| CN102191789A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
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