CN102854546B - Portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field - Google Patents
Portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field Download PDFInfo
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- CN102854546B CN102854546B CN201210137692.5A CN201210137692A CN102854546B CN 102854546 B CN102854546 B CN 102854546B CN 201210137692 A CN201210137692 A CN 201210137692A CN 102854546 B CN102854546 B CN 102854546B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field. The portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field comprises a transparent combined rain collecting funnel, a support upright rod and a movable base, the combined rain collecting funnel comprises a straight cylinder, a rain holding funnel and a conical measuring cylinder, edges of the combined rain collecting funnel are manufactured to be wedge-shaped, and scales which represent sprinkling irrigation intensity are marked on the outer side surface, the combined rain collecting funnel is inserted into a ferrule arranged on the support upright rod to be fixed, scales are marked on the outer side of the support upright rod, the section of the perpendicular portion of the support upright rod is elliptic, and the bottom is formed by a sharp corner. When the rain gauge is used in sloping field, the support upright rod is merely required to be vertically inserted into the ground, the height of the rain gauge which is away from the ground is read out through the length scale of the support upright rod, and when the rain gauge is used in cement flat ground or stored after usage, the support upright rod is inserted into a ferrule arranged on the movable base to be fixed. The portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field has the advantages that the rain holding and measuring functions are integrated, the requirements of sprinkling irrigation water depth measurement in the sloping field and cement flat ground can be simultaneously met, the accuracy is high, the structure is simple, the rain gauge is convenient to move and maintain, the cost is low, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to farmland, gardens, the sprinkling irrigation Sprinkler Performances measuring equipment such as dust-proof, particularly hillside fields, a kind of field, the cement level land sprinkling irrigation rainfall measuring apparatus that all can use.
Technical background
Rain gage bucket typically refers in droplet distribution uniformity test for collecting the container of shower nozzle ejection water.According to national Specification, the top of rain gage bucket should be cylindrical, and its shape and size should be unanimously well-balanced, and edge of opening should be cutting edge limit and zero defect, and the structure of rain gage bucket should ensure that the water collected can not spill.The height of column part should be at least 1/3 of rain gage bucket height, and the height of rain gage bucket at least should be 2 times of the mean depth that duration of test is collected, and is not less than 150mm.The opening diameter of rain gage bucket should be 0.5-1 times of its height, and is not less than 85mm.Rain gage bucket opening for the water collected being sent to measurement mechanism should be diameter, and to be not less than the wedge of 85mm circular, and rain gage bucket should be cylindrical or sidewall and horizontal plane angle are not less than the taper shape of 45 °.
The testing field of placing rain gage bucket should be smooth.The opening of all rain gage buckets all should in parallel to the ground plane, and permissible variation is scholar 5 °, and the difference in height between any two adjacent rain gage bucket openings should be not more than 20mm.
In order to the measurement of various application rate of sprinkler irrigation droplet distribution homogeneity can be adapted to, particularly in order to prevent the ejection water of large shower nozzle from hitting the movement causing rain gage bucket, affect measuring accuracy, the rain gage bucket that current indoor sprinkling irrigation laboratory uses mostly adopts metal material to make, rain gage bucket opening diameter 200mm, height 500mm, weight reaches 3.1kg.
Current indoor sprinkling irrigation laboratory realizes automatic measurement substantially, automatically can collect, measure shower nozzle ejection water, automatically pass to control system, and draw out irrigation water distribution map.Rain gage bucket used not only can collect shower nozzle ejection water, and usually also with automatic measure of water function, by the counting tipping bucket carried, or the instrument such as LOAD CELLS measures the water yield automatically.Because automatic measurement system has special circuit design and wiring, usually can only be applied in fixed system.
Shower nozzle is when field is run, and the outdoor test of hydraulic performance and examination are the important steps judging Sprinkler Performances.Droplet distribution homogeneity is the important indicator of reflection Sprinkler Performances, and therefore in the hydraulic performance test of shower nozzle field, rain gage bucket is absolutely necessary and collects and surveying instrument.But the common rain gage bucket of laboratory use at present, and automatic measurement rain gage bucket is all not suitable in field, outdoor application.One is because field topography changes greatly, and is uneven, can affects the service condition of rain gage bucket, thus affects water yield collection and measuring accuracy; Two is because rain gage bucket cylindrical shell is heavy, causes mobile transport inconvenience; And often there is no power supply due to field, also further limit the use of automatically measuring rain gage bucket.
According to common collection container, as shower nozzle ejection water collected by plastics keg etc., although to carry, conveniently moving, the keg brought due to ground injustice tilts, is easily shifted, the water droplet do not come for cutting edge sideband due to keg edge of opening spills, and all can cause declining to a great extent of measuring accuracy.And common vessel can only collect the water yield, can not the water yield be measured, bring some inconvenience to the measurement of field Sprinkler Performances.
Through retrieval, field sprinkler rain gage bucket also not relevant at present declare patent.
Summary of the invention
During field measurement Sprinkler Performances, common rain gage bucket causes stack shell to tilt due to ground injustice, causes measuring accuracy not high; Automatic measurement rain gage bucket, due to power supply and wiring inconvenience, can not use; Common vessel water droplet is easily outer to be spattered, and ground does not easily tilt at ordinary times or displacement, can not measure.In order to overcome above shortcoming, the invention provides a kind of portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket, this rain gage bucket has simultaneously collects the water yield, the measurement water yield two kinds of functions, can in hillside fields, field, the two kinds of occasions in cement level land use, and have the advantages such as precision is high, structure is simple, movable maintenance is convenient, cost is low.
The present invention achieves the above object by the following technical programs: provide a kind of portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket, comprise combined type rainwater harvesting funnel, for the supported rod erecting of support combinations formula rainwater harvesting funnel and the movable pedestal of fixed support vertical rod, described combined type rainwater harvesting funnel by straight tube, hold rain drain bucket and conical graduate is connected in sequence from top to bottom, conical graduate lateral surface indicates scale; The top of described supported rod erecting is provided with circular ferrule, holds rain drain bucket and is placed in circular ferrule, smooth inside lasso, when combined type rainwater harvesting funnel inside is filled with water, due to Action of Gravity Field, combined type rainwater harvesting funnel automatically can adjust in lasso, and funnel openings is up to the standard state; The bottom of supported rod erecting is provided with wedge angle, and supported rod erecting lateral surface indicates length scale; Described movable pedestal is composed of a fixed connection by sleeve and base plate, and wedge angle is inserted in sleeve.
Combined type rainwater harvesting funnel has collects the water yield and measures the function of the water yield, and hold rain drain bucket and the cone angle at 45 ° by straight tube, wall and surface level are that the conical graduate of 10 ° forms.Upper opening edge is made into cutting edge limit, ensures that the water droplet collected can not spill.Conical graduate adopts transparent material to make, and outside is with the scale of mark application rate of sprinkler irrigation.Supported rod erecting have support combinations formula rainwater harvesting funnel and measure this funnel top overhead height effect, be made up of circular ferrule and vertical rod with a scale.Circular ferrule diameter is less than the diameter of combined type rainwater harvesting funnel Upper cylindrical type straight tube, and during use, combined type rainwater harvesting funnel directly puts into lasso.Due to Action of Gravity Field, can ensure that rainwater harvesting funnel is in vertical direction, to guarantee the precision that application rate of sprinkler irrigation is measured.Length scale on supported rod erecting can identify funnel top height overhead easily.Be wedge angle bottom supported rod erecting, conveniently can insert field and use.Movable pedestal is made up of sleeve and base plate, when can not insert the occasion use on ground on cement level land etc., is inserted by the wedge angle of supported rod erecting in sleeve fixing.When depositing rain gage bucket after off-test, supported rod erecting is inserted in movable pedestal, avoid wedge angle rust.
Adopt the transparent combined type rainwater harvesting funnel of outer bands scale can realize the function of holding rain and metering simultaneously.The conical graduate of combined type rainwater harvesting funnel is improved relative to traditional cylindrical graduated cylinder measuring accuracy.The bottom wedge angle of supported rod erecting makes this rain gage bucket can insert hillside fields, any field, and due to Action of Gravity Field, rainwater harvesting funnel always remains on vertical direction, and lateral surface scale can read funnel top height overhead easily.Metal movable pedestal with sleeve makes rain gage bucket be applied to can not to insert the cement level land on ground.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the left view of supported rod erecting.
Fig. 3 is that schematic diagram demarcated by portable field sprinkler graduated cylinder.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Contrast Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket of the present invention is by combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1, form for the supported rod erecting 2 of support combinations formula rainwater harvesting funnel and the movable pedestal 3 of fixed support vertical rod.Described combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1 by straight tube, to hold rain drain bucket and cone angle be that the conical graduate of 10 ° forms, combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1 lateral surface indicates scale 4.Described supported rod erecting 2 is with circular ferrule 5, and supported rod erecting lateral surface indicates length scale 6.Described movable pedestal 3 is made up of sleeve and base plate.
Structure and the connected mode thereof of described portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket are:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1 is inserted in the lasso 5 of supported rod erecting, smooth inside lasso 5, when combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1 inside is filled with water, due to Action of Gravity Field, combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1 automatically can adjust in lasso, and funnel openings is up to the standard state.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, supported rod erecting 2 inserts outdoor field level by bottom wedge angle 7, or inserts in the sleeve that carries of movable pedestal 3 fixing.The vertical component of supported rod erecting 2 adopts elliptic cross-section, can not only ensure the space needed for the scale mark of side, can also limit the circumference of bottom wedge angle 7 in sleeve and rotate.
Portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket is used in the test of droplet distribution homogeneity, and droplet distribution is the distribution of the some application rate of sprinkler irrigation of each measuring point.The application rate of sprinkler irrigation of shower nozzle is the important indicator of Sprinkler Performances examination, and according to national standard, it refers in the unit interval water yield be sprayed in unit irrigation area, and be also the sprinkling irrigation depth of water in the unit interval, unit generally represents with mm/h or mm/min.
As shown in Figure 1, described combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1 by straight tube, hold rain drain bucket and conical graduate forms, overall height is 600mm.Funnel openings is highly overhead 900mm, and straight tube diameter is 200mm.Straight tube height is 1/3 of combined type rainwater harvesting funnel height, i.e. 200mm, and for collecting the water yield, nozzle edge is cutting edge limit 8, prevents water droplet from spilling.Hold rain drain headwall face and surface level angle at 45 °, holding rain drain bucket height 70mm, is the transition between straight tube and conical graduate.The cone angle of conical graduate is 10 °, and basal diameter is 60mm, high 330mm.Indicate the scale characterizing application rate of sprinkler irrigation outside described combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1, unit is mm/h, and the range of conical graduate is 10mm/h.Little owing to boring sharp capacity, so measuring accuracy is high.Described combined type rainwater harvesting funnel depth of water scale is directly denoted as, the application rate of sprinkler irrigation scale after converting according to national standard.
The calibration process of described conical graduate is as follows:
Because combined type rainwater harvesting funnel opening diameter is 200mm, no matter how many therefore collected in the conical graduate water yield is, and all should be scaled diameter is the sprinkling irrigation depth of water in the cylindrical udometer of 200mm.
Step 1: as shown in Figure 3, in conical graduate, the volume of the water yield is used
v 1represent, the water yield degree of depth is used
hrepresent, basal diameter is used
r 1represent,
r 1=tan5 °
h=0.087
h; Diameter is that in the cylindrical udometer of 200mm, water yield volume is used
v 2represent, the sprinkling irrigation depth of water is used
ρrepresent, basal diameter is used
r 2represent,
r 2=100mm.For convenience of calculation, described Parameter units is all m.Conical graduate basal diameter is used
r 0represent,
r 0=30mm, highly uses
h 0represent,
h 0=330mm.
Step 2: set up the water yield degree of depth in conical graduate
hbe the depth of water of spraying in the cylindrical udometer of 200mm with diameter
ρbetween relation.Equal with water yield volume of spraying in cylindrical udometer based on conical graduate, draw:
(1)
In formula,
hfor the water yield degree of depth in conical graduate, mm,
ρfor the actual sprinkling irrigation depth of water that diameter is in the cylindrical udometer of 200mm, mm;
r 1for the basal diameter of conical graduate, mm;
r 2for the basal diameter of cylindrical udometer, mm.
Can find from formula (1), adopt conical graduate that measuring accuracy is improved greatly.
Step 3: conical graduate is demarcated.
Application rate of sprinkler irrigation unit is generally taken as mm/h.According to formula (1), conical graduate is demarcated, can following table be listed:
Table 1 cylinder scale calibration scale unit (mm/h)
| 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.08 | |
| 34.6 | 43.5 | 54.6 | 58.8 | 62.4 | 68.7 | |
| 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1 | |
| 73.9 | 92.9 | 106.2 | 116.8 | 125.7 | 158.0 | |
| 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2 | 2.5 | |
| 167.8 | 176.6 | 184.5 | 191.8 | 198.6 | 213.8 | |
| 3 | 3.5 | 4 | 4.5 | 5 | 5.5 | |
| 227.0 | 238.9 | 249.7 | 259.5 | 268.7 | 277.3 | |
| 6 | 6.5 | 7 | 7.5 | 8 | 8.5 | |
| 285.4 | 293.0 | 300.3 | 307.2 | 313.8 | 320.2 | |
| 9 | 9.5 | 10 | ||||
| 326.3 | 332.1 | 337.8 |
It is the master calibration of conical graduate in upper table.
The course of work of described portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket is:
When using in slope, field, before test, directly pass through wedge angle 7 by vertical for supported rod erecting 2 insertion earth, again combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1 is put into the lasso that supported rod erecting 2 carries, due to Action of Gravity Field, can ensure that rainwater harvesting funnel is in vertical direction, to guarantee the precision of rainfall measurement.Read supported rod erecting 2 top height overhead by scale 6 outside supported rod erecting 2, thus combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1 top height overhead can be drawn, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.When can not insert the occasion use on ground on cement level land etc., supported rod erecting 2 is inserted in sleeve fixing.In test, collect the sprinkling irrigation water yield by combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1, and read the depth of water and the application rate of sprinkler irrigation of this measuring point.When depositing rain gage bucket after off-test, supported rod erecting 2 is inserted in movable pedestal 3, avoid wedge angle 7 rust.
Described portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket, when packing, transporting, combined type rainwater harvesting funnel 1, supported rod erecting 2 and movable pedestal 3 separately can be packed, transport, thus convenient, are suitable for using in the test of shower nozzle rainfall distribution field test.
Claims (6)
1. a portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket, it is characterized in that, comprise combined type rainwater harvesting funnel (1), for the supported rod erecting (2) of support combinations formula rainwater harvesting funnel and the movable pedestal (3) of fixed support vertical rod, described combined type rainwater harvesting funnel (1) by straight tube, hold rain drain bucket and conical graduate is connected in sequence from top to bottom, conical graduate lateral surface indicates scale (4); The top of described supported rod erecting (2) is provided with circular ferrule (5), holding rain drain bucket is placed in circular ferrule (5), lasso (5) inner side is smooth, when combined type rainwater harvesting funnel (1) inside is filled with water, due to Action of Gravity Field, combined type rainwater harvesting funnel (1) automatically can adjust in lasso, and funnel openings is up to the standard state; The bottom of supported rod erecting is provided with wedge angle (7), and supported rod erecting lateral surface indicates length scale (6); Described movable pedestal (3) is composed of a fixed connection by sleeve and base plate, and wedge angle (7) is inserted in sleeve.
2. the portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the vertical component of supported rod erecting (2) adopts elliptic cross-section.
3. the portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket of one according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described combined type rainwater harvesting funnel (1) overall height is 600mm, and opening adopts cutting edge limit (8).
4. the portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket of one according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the straight tube opening of described combined type rainwater harvesting funnel (1) is highly overhead 900mm, and straight tube diameter is 200mm; Straight tube height is 1/3 of combined type rainwater harvesting funnel height.
5. the portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket of one according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described in hold rain drain headwall face and surface level angle at 45 °, hold rain drain bucket height 70mm.
6. the portable field sprinkler rain gage bucket of one according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the cone angle of described conical graduate is 10 °, basal diameter is 60mm, high 330mm, described conical graduate lateral surface rainfall scale (4) unit is mm/h, and the range of conical graduate is 10mm/h.
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| CN201210137692.5A CN102854546B (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2012-05-07 | Portable sprinkling irrigation rain gauge in field |
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| CN102854546B true CN102854546B (en) | 2015-02-04 |
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| CN106570321B (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2019-06-28 | 江苏大学 | A kind of calculation method of the translation type sprinkler difference operating condition sprinkling depth of water |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3530716A1 (en) * | 1985-08-28 | 1986-03-27 | Gerd 6900 Heidelberg Runkel | Test set for the continuous evaporation and precipitation measurement of free water surfaces |
| US5347877A (en) * | 1992-07-23 | 1994-09-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Storm water runoff first flush sampler |
| CN2760579Y (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-02-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Precipitation quantity measuring apparatus for ship |
| CN102191789A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-09-21 | 北京林业大学 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
| CN202255523U (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-05-30 | 尼亚加拉节能产品(厦门)有限公司 | Rainwater measuring pot |
| CN202614959U (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-12-19 | 江苏大学 | Portable field irrigation rain gauge |
-
2012
- 2012-05-07 CN CN201210137692.5A patent/CN102854546B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3530716A1 (en) * | 1985-08-28 | 1986-03-27 | Gerd 6900 Heidelberg Runkel | Test set for the continuous evaporation and precipitation measurement of free water surfaces |
| US5347877A (en) * | 1992-07-23 | 1994-09-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Storm water runoff first flush sampler |
| CN2760579Y (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-02-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Precipitation quantity measuring apparatus for ship |
| CN102191789A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-09-21 | 北京林业大学 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
| CN202255523U (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-05-30 | 尼亚加拉节能产品(厦门)有限公司 | Rainwater measuring pot |
| CN202614959U (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-12-19 | 江苏大学 | Portable field irrigation rain gauge |
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