CN108254806B - Comprehensive measuring system for forest penetrating rain - Google Patents
Comprehensive measuring system for forest penetrating rain Download PDFInfo
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- CN108254806B CN108254806B CN201711384500.XA CN201711384500A CN108254806B CN 108254806 B CN108254806 B CN 108254806B CN 201711384500 A CN201711384500 A CN 201711384500A CN 108254806 B CN108254806 B CN 108254806B
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- filter screen
- drain pipe
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive measurement system for penetrating rain in forests. Including filter screen (1), rain collecting tank (2), water collecting funnel (3), drain pipe (4), buttress (5), lifting support (6), tipping bucket (7), put thing platform (8) and waste water bucket (9), filter screen (1) set up the both ends at rain collecting tank (2), rain collecting tank (2) are arranged in on buttress (5), water collecting funnel (3) set up under apopore (10) of rain collecting tank (2) one end and are linked together with the inside of rain collecting tank (2), water collecting funnel (3) lower extreme is connected through elbow (11) and drain pipe (4), the collection of rain through rain collecting tank (2), in water collecting funnel (3) and drain pipe (4) reach tipping bucket (7) are flowed in the penetration rain, tipping bucket (7) are collected full and are just automatic to roll, in the waste water bucket (9) are poured into in the penetration rain. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, flexible disassembly and assembly, convenient operation, improved sampling efficiency and realization of comprehensive measurement of the parameters of the collected samples.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of forest hydrology, in particular to a comprehensive measurement system for forest penetrating rain.
Background
Water is an important substance for the material circulation of the forest ecological system, and is also used as a main carrier for the material and energy circulation of the system and the forest ecological hydrologic process to participate in the regulation and control process of the forest ecological system. From the water balance, different plant species and forests composed of the plant species according to a certain space structure have different distribution characteristics on atmospheric precipitation. Therefore, the accurate observation and analysis of the distribution law of forests on rainfall has important significance for the analysis of understanding the regulation and distribution effects of forest preparation on water and the spatial patterns and processes generated by the regulation and distribution effects. The penetrating rain is the rain obtained by subtracting the canopy cut-off amount and trunk runoff from the rain outside the forest (also called total rainfall of the forest land), is an important component of forest rainfall redistribution, and the water conservation efficiency of the forest is greatly dependent on the penetrating rain actually entering the forest, so that accurate measurement of the penetrating rain of the forest is of great significance to the water balance research of a forest ecological system.
However, the collection and measurement work of penetrating rain with the canopy of the forest is mainly performed by other series of devices such as a collection tank and a collection box. The single-point rain collecting device provided by the prior CN102191789A and the simple-type forest canopy penetrating rain collecting and measuring device provided by the prior CN204989515U have small rain receiving area, so that the devices are required to be laid in batches with time and labor waste, and in addition, the devices are close to the ground and are easily interfered by animals such as snakes, rats, ants and the like, so that inaccurate measurement results are caused; a column-hanging type in-forest penetrating rain collector provided by CN202522717U has no filtering device, so that the in-forest penetrating rain collector is easily blocked by litters in the forest, is difficult to clean, and is potentially at risk of overflowing of rainwater caused by the fact that when the precipitation amount is large, the collecting port is not collected enough; if the under-forest penetrating rain collector proposed by CN201622356U is adopted as a bracket, the bracket is easily broken by sand and soil to cause difficult telescoping, meanwhile, the movable joint is easy to age, the phenomenon that the bracket slides down can occur, finally, the phenomenon that the precipitation is collected is incomplete is caused, a certain deviation can occur to a measuring result, meanwhile, the integral trend of the whole device is obvious, the integral disassembly and assembly are difficult, and the working efficiency of field staff is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a comprehensive measuring system for forest penetration rain.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the comprehensive forest rain penetrating measuring system includes one filtering net, one rain collecting tank, one water collecting funnel, one water draining pipe, one pier, one elevating rack, one tipping bucket, one holding bench and one waste water tank.
The rain collecting groove is used for collecting the precipitation in the forest, is arranged on the buttress, and is provided with a clamping device in the middle of the outside of the buttress, so that the mode of combining the components is realized, and the installation and the disassembly are convenient; the upper part is provided with a concave shape with the same size as the rain collecting groove, so that the buttress can just accommodate the rain collecting groove; the installation space of the water collecting funnel, the elbow and the drain pipe is reserved in the middle part, so that the water collecting funnel, the elbow and the drain pipe are convenient to detach and clean; the lower part is arranged in an arch shape, so that materials are saved; the inside of the 4 edges on each side of the buttress is hollow, and a space capable of accommodating the lower lifting bracket is reserved, so that the lifting bracket can be conveniently folded and unfolded; the 4 corners at the bottom of each side are provided with screw holes and matched bolts for fixing the lifting support, and the lifting of the buttress can be realized by adjusting the height of the lifting support through the screw holes and the matched bolts, so that the penetrating rain is collected more completely; the bottom of the lifting support is provided with a cone, which is beneficial to being inserted into the soil to a certain depth so as to realize the stability of the whole device.
The filter screen is in a secondary folding shape, and a lifting handle is arranged at the folding position, so that the filter screen is convenient to detach and clean; the two folding ends of the filter screen are semicircular, and the diameter is consistent with the inner semicircle of the cross section of the rain collecting groove; the whole filter screen is fixedly arranged at two ends of the rain collecting groove under the action of gravity.
The lower part of one end of the rain collecting groove is connected with the water collecting funnel, the water collecting funnel opening is arranged right below the water outlet hole of the rain collecting groove and is communicated with the inside of the rain collecting groove, the lower end of the water collecting funnel is connected with the drain pipe through the elbow, and the top of the rain collecting groove is provided with the baffle, so that when the canopy is higher, the part of the water drops and splashes when penetrating the rain to the rain collecting groove is avoided, and the collection of the rainwater is more complete; the cross section of the rain collecting groove is semicircular.
A tipping bucket is arranged at the upper part of the object placing table, an outlet of a drain pipe is arranged above the tipping bucket, and a waste water bucket is arranged below the object placing table; the middle part of the object placing table is hollowed out, so that penetrating rain is facilitated to pass through the object placing table and enter the waste water bucket; meanwhile, the bottom is provided with the adjustable support, so that the height of the rain collecting groove is convenient to adapt, and the problem that the tipping bucket is inaccurate in measurement due to the fact that excessive flow impacts the tipping bucket is avoided.
Penetrating rain is collected by the rain collecting groove, flows through the water collecting funnel and the drain pipe to the tipping bucket, automatically rolls when the tipping bucket is full, and is poured into the waste water bucket.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1) Flexible disassembly and assembly, and convenient carrying and transportation.
2) The operation is convenient and fast, time and labor are saved, convenience is provided for personnel engaged in field work, and the working efficiency is improved.
3) The device has multiple functions, the rainfall penetrating rain can be measured by counting the rolling times of the tipping bucket, and the penetrating rain collected by the wastewater barrel can be used for detecting physical, biological and chemical parameters.
4) The filter screen is arranged, so that sundries can be effectively separated from penetrating rain, the whole system is prevented from being blocked by litters in forests, the quality of penetrating rain is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the filter screen is convenient to detach and clean.
5) The rain collecting groove has large rain receiving area and is provided with the baffle, so that partial splashing loss can not occur when penetrating rain falls into the rain collecting groove, and the rain collecting groove is far away from the ground and is not interfered by animals such as snakes, rats, insects, ants and the like, so that the measurement accuracy is higher.
6) The lifting support is provided with the screw hole for fixing the lifting support through the bolt, so that the lifting support is difficult to stretch out and draw back due to sand invasion, and meanwhile, the lifting support can be assembled and adjusted according to the size of a forest sample, and the reliability and representativeness of measurement are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the buttress construction of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the junction of the buttress and lifting brackets of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the filter screen of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the buckle device of the present invention.
The drawing is marked by a 1-filter screen, a 2-rain collecting groove, a 3-water collecting funnel, a 4-drain pipe, a 5-buttress, a 5 a-edge, a 6-lifting support, a 7-tipping bucket, an 8-object placing table, a 9-waste water bucket, a 10-water outlet, a 11-elbow, a 12-baffle, a 13-buckle device, a 13 a-rotating shaft, a 13 b-buckle, a 13 c-buckle ring, a 14-bolt, a 15-screw hole, a 16-lifting handle and a 17-folding position.
Detailed Description
The following description is made with reference to the drawings, which are used for further explanation of the technical scheme and the working principle of the technical scheme in the specific embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the comprehensive measurement system for the penetrating rain in the forest comprises a filter screen 1, a rain collecting tank 2, a water collecting funnel 3, a drain pipe 4, a buttress 5, a lifting support 6, a tipping bucket 7, a storage table 8 and a wastewater barrel 9.
The two ends of the rain collecting groove 2 are welded with the baffle plates 12, so that the loss of part of splashing caused by penetrating rain falling into the rain collecting groove when the canopy of the forest is higher is avoided; meanwhile, one end of the rain collecting groove 2 is provided with a water outlet hole 10, the diameter of the water outlet hole 10 is smaller than that of the water collecting funnel 3, and the water outlet hole 10 is arranged right above the water collecting funnel 3, so that more complete rainwater collection can be realized. The material of which the rain gutter 2 is made is not limited to stainless steel, but also includes waterproof durable materials such as PVC.
The upper part of the buttress 5 is processed into a concave shape with the same size as the rain collecting groove 2, so that the rain collecting groove 2 can be fixed on the buttress 5; the lower part is arched so as to save materials; after the upper and lower parts are processed, the whole buttress 5 is equally divided into two parts by a longitudinal section perpendicular to the upper concave body, and then the space which can just be used for placing the water collecting funnel 3, the elbow 11 and the drain pipe 4 is processed and reserved in the middle of the two half buttresses; a rotating shaft 13a and a hasp 13b are arranged in the middle of the outer part of one half pier, a snap ring 13c is arranged in the middle of the outer part of the other half pier, and the hasp 13b just can be snapped on the snap ring 13c when the rotating shaft 13a is rotated; the four edges 5a of the buttress 5 are provided with a space which can just accommodate the lifting bracket 6, so that the lifting bracket 6 can be conveniently folded and unfolded; screw holes 15 are formed in four corners of the bottom of the buttress 5, when the height of the buttress 5 is to be raised or lowered, the height of the buttress 5 can be adjusted by extending or retracting the lifting support 6 into the middle space of the edge 5a, and after the required height is determined, the lifting support 6 is fixed by tightening the matched bolts 14, so that the height of the buttress 5 is lifted. The buttress 5 is made of stainless steel.
The lifting support 6 is made of stainless steel, the bottom of the lifting support is sharpened, and the lifting support is conical and is beneficial to being inserted into soil to a certain depth so as to realize the stability of the whole device.
The filter screen 1 is arranged in a secondary folding shape, and a lifting handle 16 is arranged at a folding position 17, so that the whole filter screen 1 is conveniently lifted and cleaned; the two ends of the filter screen 1 are semicircular, the diameters of the inner semicircles of the cross sections of the rain collecting grooves 2 are consistent, so that the matching of the filter screen 1 and the rain collecting grooves 2 is realized, gaps are avoided at the contact positions of the filter screen 1 and the rain collecting grooves, impurities are prevented from flowing into the drain pipe 4 to cause the blockage of the whole system, and the quality of a penetrating rain sample can be ensured; the filter screen 1 is made of stainless steel, so that the whole filter screen 1 can be fixedly placed at two ends of the rain collecting groove under the action of gravity.
A tipping bucket 7 is arranged at the upper part of the object placing table 8, an outlet of the drain pipe 4 is arranged above the tipping bucket 7, and a wastewater barrel 9 is arranged below the object placing table 8; the middle part of the object placing table 8 is hollowed out, so that rain can penetrate through the object placing table 8 and enter the waste water bucket 9; meanwhile, an adjustable bracket is arranged at the bottom, so that the height of the rain collecting groove 2 is convenient to adapt, and inaccurate measurement caused by the fact that excessive flow impacts the tipping bucket 7 is avoided. The material of which the table 8 is made is stainless steel.
During field installation, the water collecting funnel 3, the elbow 11 and the drain pipe 4 are assembled at first and installed in one of the half piers, then the other half piers are used for butt joint with the half piers, the two half piers are combined into one, the whole piers 5 are fixed through the clamping device 13, the height difference of the two ends of the piers 5 is adjusted through the lifting support 6, and the whole water collecting tank 2 presents a certain gradient according to the actual situation of a forest land. And finally, the water collecting tank 2 assembled with the filter screen 1 is arranged above the two buttresses 5, a storage table 8 carrying a tipping bucket 7 is arranged right below the leading-out end of the drain pipe 4, and a waste water bucket 9 is arranged right below the storage table 8, so that the installation of the whole comprehensive measurement system is completed.
When penetrating rain and falling down together, the falling object is blocked outside the filter screen 1, penetrating rain passes through the filter screen 1 and enters the rain collecting groove 2, under the action of gravity, flows through the water outlet hole 10, the water collecting funnel 5, the water discharging pipe 4 and the elbow 11 and finally enters the tipping bucket 7, the tipping bucket 7 is carved with required scales, the penetrating rain is collected and rolled once when reaching a certain scale, the penetrating rain passes through the object placing table 8 and enters the waste water barrel 9, the total rainfall of the penetrating rain can be known by counting the rolling times of the tipping bucket 7, and meanwhile, the penetrating rain collected by the waste water barrel can be used for detecting physical, biological and chemical parameters so as to realize comprehensive measurement of the penetrating rain parameters.
Finally, it should be explained that: the above description is only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the technical scope of the present invention, which must be determined according to the scope of the claims. By the above description and the specific embodiments, the related workers can completely modify the technical solutions described in the above specific embodiments or change or substitute some technical features of the technical solutions equally without departing from the scope of the concept of the present invention, and all changes made without departing from the scope of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The comprehensive measurement system for the forest penetrating rain is characterized by comprising a filter screen (1), a rain collecting groove (2), a water collecting funnel (3), a drain pipe (4), a support pier (5), a lifting support (6), a tipping bucket (7), a storage table (8) and a wastewater barrel (9), wherein the rain collecting groove (2) is arranged on the support pier (5), the filter screen (1) is arranged at two ends of the rain collecting groove (2), the water collecting funnel (3) is fixedly connected with the rain collecting groove (2) through the support pier (5), a funnel opening is arranged under a water outlet (10) of the rain collecting groove (2) and is communicated with the inside of the rain collecting groove (2), the lower end of the water collecting funnel (3) is connected with the drain pipe (4) through an elbow (11), the upper part of the storage table (8) is provided with the wastewater barrel (7), the tipping bucket (7) is an outlet of the drain pipe (4), and the wastewater barrel (9) is arranged below the storage table (8);
the middle of the outer part of the buttress (5) is provided with a clamping device (13); the upper part is provided with a concave shape with the same size as the rain collecting groove (2); the middle part is reserved with a water collecting funnel (3), an elbow (11) and a mounting space of a drain pipe (4); the lower part is arranged in an arch shape; the four edges (5 a) are hollow in the position, and a space capable of accommodating the lower lifting bracket (6) is reserved; screw holes (15) are formed in four corners of the bottom and matched bolts (14) are arranged;
after the upper and lower parts of the buttress (5) are processed, the whole buttress (5) is equally divided into two parts by a longitudinal section perpendicular to the upper concave surface body, and then the middle parts of the two half buttresses are processed and reserved with spaces which can just be used for placing the water collecting funnel (3), the elbow (11) and the drain pipe (4); a rotating shaft (13 a) and a hasp (13 b) are arranged in the middle of the outer part of one half buttress, a snap ring (13 c) is arranged in the middle of the outer part of the other half buttress, and the hasp (13 b) just can be snapped on the snap ring (13 c) while the rotating shaft (13 a) is rotated.
2. The comprehensive measurement system for the penetrating rain in the forest is characterized in that a baffle (12) is arranged at the top of the rain collecting groove (2), and the water outlet (10) is arranged right above the water collecting funnel (3); the cross section of the rain collecting groove (2) is semicircular.
3. The comprehensive measurement system for the penetration rain in forests according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the lifting bracket (6) is provided with a cone.
4. The comprehensive measurement system of the penetration rain in the forest according to claim 1, wherein the filter screen (1) is in a secondary folding shape, and a lifting handle (16) is arranged at a folding position (17); the two folding ends of the filter screen (1) are semicircular, and the diameter is consistent with the inner semicircle of the cross section of the rain collecting groove (2); the filter screen (1) is fixedly arranged at two ends of the rain collecting groove (2) under the action of gravity.
5. The comprehensive measurement system for the penetrating rain in forests according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the middle part of the object placing table (8) is hollowed out; an adjustable bracket is arranged at the bottom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711384500.XA CN108254806B (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Comprehensive measuring system for forest penetrating rain |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711384500.XA CN108254806B (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Comprehensive measuring system for forest penetrating rain |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108254806A CN108254806A (en) | 2018-07-06 |
| CN108254806B true CN108254806B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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| CN201711384500.XA Active CN108254806B (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Comprehensive measuring system for forest penetrating rain |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5898110A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-04-27 | Hagstrom; Gotthard L. | Precise rain gauge and methods of calibration |
| CN201622356U (en) * | 2010-02-02 | 2010-11-03 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Undergrowth penetration rain collector |
| CN102191789A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-09-21 | 北京林业大学 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
| CN202372653U (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-08-08 | 浙江省水文局 | Water collecting comparator for remote measuring rain gage |
| CN205209802U (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-05-04 | 北华大学 | Improvement type forest thing collector that withers and falls |
| CN205353387U (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-29 | 甘肃农业大学 | Pierce through rain collector in woods |
| CN207817239U (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-09-04 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of woodland penetrates rain synthesis measuring device |
-
2017
- 2017-12-20 CN CN201711384500.XA patent/CN108254806B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5898110A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-04-27 | Hagstrom; Gotthard L. | Precise rain gauge and methods of calibration |
| CN201622356U (en) * | 2010-02-02 | 2010-11-03 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Undergrowth penetration rain collector |
| CN102191789A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-09-21 | 北京林业大学 | Single-point rainwater collecting device and multiple-point measuring system of throughfall inside forest |
| CN202372653U (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-08-08 | 浙江省水文局 | Water collecting comparator for remote measuring rain gage |
| CN205209802U (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-05-04 | 北华大学 | Improvement type forest thing collector that withers and falls |
| CN205353387U (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-29 | 甘肃农业大学 | Pierce through rain collector in woods |
| CN207817239U (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-09-04 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of woodland penetrates rain synthesis measuring device |
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| CN108254806A (en) | 2018-07-06 |
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