CN102190213A - 一种用于降低对拖曳缆的损坏的可能性的设备 - Google Patents

一种用于降低对拖曳缆的损坏的可能性的设备 Download PDF

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CN102190213A
CN102190213A CN2011100724298A CN201110072429A CN102190213A CN 102190213 A CN102190213 A CN 102190213A CN 2011100724298 A CN2011100724298 A CN 2011100724298A CN 201110072429 A CN201110072429 A CN 201110072429A CN 102190213 A CN102190213 A CN 102190213A
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特里·M·托马斯
道格拉斯·F·安德森
达林·M·萨顿
大卫·K·赫德勒
菲利普·E·史密斯
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Joy Global Underground Mining LLC
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于降低对电动车辆的损坏的设备，该电动车辆由拖曳缆来供电，该设备包括用于确定移动装备相对于危险处的位置的电传感器，和电控制器，如果电动车辆的位置在危险处附近，则电控制器响应于电装置操作马达来改变电动车辆的操作，以降低对拖曳缆的不利影响的可能性。

Description

一种用于降低对拖曳缆的损坏的可能性的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及具有连接到电源上的拖曳缆的可移动电气机械。
背景技术
目前的梭车(shuttle car)包括通过由电控制器来控制的电动马达或液压马达驱动的拖曳缆卷筒或鼓筒。
目前将RFID设备用作具有固定发射器/接收器的移动标签。RFID技术的一种普通用途是在高速公路或桥上收通行费。位于收费站处的发射器/读取器检测具有RFID标签的接近车辆。所述“标签”是天线和电子芯片。当所述标签在发射器的范围内出现时，它返回识别其本身的信号。如果发射器/读取器辨认出它为有效帐户，那么对其以电子方式收费并且允许车辆通过。
梭车的拖曳缆是耗材，并且构成机器生产总成本的大部分。在几种方式中能够损坏拖曳缆，其中一种方式是当梭车行进通过固定的拖曳缆拴系(tie-off)点时让拖曳缆经受高度的张应力。由于当梭车通过固定拴系点或锚定点时，拖曳缆需要在非常短的时间内使满载且因此非常重的电缆卷筒鼓反向，所以导致高的应力。更具体地，当梭车靠近拴系点时拖曳缆的长度变短，然而当它通过并且电缆必须被再次放出时，电缆鼓筒需要反向。如果仅仅通过电缆来处理电缆鼓筒的推拉，那么结果是在电缆上出现相当大的应力。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于相对于某个已知位置，诸如拖曳缆拴系点或锚定点，提供梭车位置的可靠指示。
本发明的另一个目的在于通过除了拖曳缆以外，诸如通过拖曳缆卷筒鼓马达或通过降低梭车的速度，提供改变鼓筒方向所需的能量。这将减少电缆损坏的情形并且降低梭车的整体操作成本。
本发明提供了一种用于降低对移动装备的损坏的设备，该移动装备由拖曳缆来供电，该设备包括用于确定移动装备相对于危险处的位置的电传感器，和电控制器，以用于如果移动装备的位置在危险处附近，那么电控制器就响应于电装置操作马达来改变移动装备的操作，以降低对拖曳缆的不利影响的可能性。
附图说明
图1是梭车的左后角的局部顶视图。
图2是根据本发明的梭车电传感器和电控制器的示意图。
图3是根据本发明的用于降低对梭车损坏的设备操作的示意图。
在详细解释本发明的一个实施例之前，应该理解的是本发明并没有在它的应用中被限定在下列描述中所提出的或在附图中所图解的部件的构造和布置的细节中。本发明能够是其他的实施例，并且能够以各种方式实践或实施。而且，应该理解的是在本文中所使用的措辞和术语是用于描述的目的，而不应该被认为是限定。如在本文中所使用的“包含”和“包括”以及其变形的使用意味着包括其后列出的项和其等同物以及额外的项。如在本文中所使用的“由......组成”及其变形的使用意味着仅仅包括其后列出的项和其等同物。进一步，应该理解的是比如术语“向前”、“向后”、“左”、“右”、“向上”和“向下”等等都是为了方便描述，并不构成为限定术语。
具体实施方式
在图1中显示了用于在地下矿井中拖运材料的梭车形式的电动车辆10。梭车10包括车架14、在车架14上的电动或液压马达18以及电连接到马达18上且适于连接到电源19上的电缆22。梭车10进一步包括在电动马达18和车架14的一端之间的、在车架14上的卷筒26。更具体地，卷筒26位于梭车10的卸料端30附近并且卷筒26用于收纳电缆22。通过电缆卷筒马达18使电缆卷筒26可转动，其中由电缆卷筒控制器44来控制电缆卷筒马达18。
当梭车10朝向或远离电源向后、向前以及绕着拐角移动时，电缆22或者向卷筒26上缠绕或者从卷筒26放出。电缆22从梭车10的后部34延伸，并且有时当梭车10向后移动时电缆沿着梭车10的侧部38伸展，或者当梭车10向前移动时电缆从梭车10一直向后延伸(未图示)。如图1中所示，当梭车正好绕着拐角移动时，电缆22沿着梭车10的后部34伸展。在许多应用中，电缆22能够是500至750英尺长。
梭车10进一步包括在梭车10的卷筒26和后部34之间的电缆引导件42和安装在梭车10的左后部30上的绳轮支架组件46。
如在图1至3中所示的，梭车10进一步包括用于降低对梭车拖曳缆22损坏的设备60。梭车10还包括通过操作驱动马达68用于使车辆在平面上移动的驱动系统64，其中驱动马达68受马达控制器72控制。
拖曳缆损坏降低设备60包括作为电传感器形式的电装置，以用于确定移动装备相对于危险处的位置。更具体地，在一个实施例中，电传感器是用于感测移动装备的位置的感测装置，该感测装置包括以规则间隔附着在拖曳缆22上的无源器件52，用于感测该无源器件的通过并且用于计数上述间隔的个数以确定拖曳缆22的放出量或缠绕量的装置54。
在又一实施例中，电传感器是位于危险处(诸如在电缆锚定点19处或者靠近盲角或隧道通风帘幕处)的无线射频识别(RFID)标签56，并且在电动车辆10上的发射器/读取器58响应于RFID标签56，以确定在RFID标签56附近存在车辆。
所述设备60还包括响应于位置传感器的作为电控制器形式的控制装置，以用于如果梭车的位置在危险处附近，则操作马达来改变梭车的操作，以降低对拖曳缆不利影响的可能性。
更具体地，在一个实施例中，所述控制装置包括可操作地连接到驱动马达68的驱动马达控制器72，以用于影响梭车的速度。
在另一个实施例中，所述控制装置包括可操作地连接到卷筒缠绕马达18的卷筒缠绕马达控制器44，以用于影响施加到电缆卷筒上的力的方向以及因此影响拖曳缆的放出量或缠绕量。
更具体地，还在另一个实施例中，所述控制装置包括可操作地连接到卷筒缠绕马达18的卷筒缠绕马达控制器44，以用于影响施加到电缆卷筒上的力的量并因此影响拖曳缆22的放出量或缠绕量。上述三个控制装置能够独立或共同地操作。
换句话说，公开了两种装置，以用于对鼓筒马达控制器44或梭车驱动马达18提供输入。一个这种装置是设备54，其用于通过收集信息来确定卷筒26已经放出了或者缠绕了多少电缆22，上述信息通过监测沿着梭车拖曳缆22的长度以规则间隔放置的诸如永久磁体的无源发射设备52来收集。位于梭车10上的感测器54，诸如霍尔效应传感器，当电缆22经过感测器54时感测这些发射器52，并且把该信息提供给控制装置。以梭车10位于邻近固定电缆拴系点19开始，控制装置在电缆卷筒26放出电缆时对在该电缆22上感测的发射器52的个数递增计数，然后在电缆22缠绕回电缆卷筒26上时能够对发射器52的个数递减计数，以便确定梭车离固定电缆拴系点19的近似距离。然后控制装置使用离固定拴系点19的近似距离来抢先使电缆卷筒26慢下来或者使它反向，以这种方式，当梭车10经过固定拴系点(电缆锚定点)时，拖曳缆本身不会受到高度的张应力。
相同的装备还能够用来提供梭车瞬时速度的近似测量。这能够被记录在数据日志设备(未图示)上和/或由该机器实时地传送，以便提供关于在操作变速期间梭车性能的信息。如果需要，当接近固定拴系点时，控制装置还能够使梭车的行进速度慢下来。
另一个电装置是将RFID标签56放置在适当的矿下位置处，诸如在电缆锚定点19处，或者靠近盲角或隧道通风帘幕处。发射器/读取器58与控制装置交互。这消除了沿着梭车10的路径在设定各个点中的人为误差。
当经过电缆拴系点时迫使梭车操作者减速使拖曳缆上的应力和磨损降低，这降低了电缆成本和维修。另一个实例是将标签定位在机器通过隧道通风帘幕或盲角处，在没有操作者输入的情况下自动地触发来自机器的限定速度和听觉或视觉警报(声音喇叭、闪光灯)。该警报能够使附近的步行矿工或其他装备操作者警惕移动的装备，并且如果需要提示他们采取躲避行动。
通过在梭车上安装RFID发射器/读取器并为其提供电力，以及将RFID标签放置在关键的位置处，车辆能够识别标签响应，然后基于车辆对标签的靠近程度来控制机器功能。通过将RFID标签放置在梭车的电缆锚定点附近，当通过其锚定点时，控制装置能够限定该特定车辆的速度。没使用该锚定的不同梭车会忽略标签响应并且不受影响地通过。
在下面的权利要求中阐明了本发明的各种其他特征。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于降低对电动车辆的损坏的设备，所述电动车辆包括通过操作驱动马达而使所述车辆在平面上移动的驱动系统，所述电动车辆由缠绕在电缆卷筒上并且通过电缆卷筒马达可转动的拖曳缆供电，所述设备包括：
电装置，用于确定移动装备相对于危险处的位置，和
控制装置，用于如果所述电动车辆的位置在所述危险处附近，则所述控制装置响应于所述电装置操作马达来改变所述电动车辆的操作，以降低对所述拖曳缆的不利影响的可能性。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述电装置是电传感器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制装置是电控制器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述电装置是用于感测移动装备的位置的感测装置，所述感测装置包括以规则间隔附着在所述拖曳缆上的无源器件，和用于感测所述无源器件的通过的装置，该装置响应于所述无源器件感测来计数上述间隔的个数，以确定所述拖曳缆的放出量或缠绕量。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述电装置是位于危险处，诸如在电缆锚定点处或者靠近隧道通风帘幕或盲角处，的RFID标签，并且在所述电动车辆上的发射器/读取器响应于所述RFID以确定在RFID标签附近存在所述车辆。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制装置包括可操作地连接到所述驱动电机的驱动电机控制装置，以用于影响电动车辆的速度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制装置包括可操作地连接到所述卷筒缠绕马达的卷筒缠绕马达控制装置，以用于影响施加到所述电缆卷筒上的力的量。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制装置包括可操作地连接到所述卷筒缠绕马达的卷筒缠绕马达控制装置，以用于影响施加到所述电缆卷筒上的力的方向并因此影响所述拖曳缆的放出量或缠绕量。
9.根据权利要求7所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制装置包括可操作地连接到所述卷筒缠绕马达的卷筒缠绕马达控制装置，以用于影响施加到所述电缆卷筒上的力的量以及因此影响所述拖曳缆的放出量或缠绕量。
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