CN102171183B - 有机化合物 - Google Patents
有机化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102171183B CN102171183B CN200980139076XA CN200980139076A CN102171183B CN 102171183 B CN102171183 B CN 102171183B CN 200980139076X A CN200980139076X A CN 200980139076XA CN 200980139076 A CN200980139076 A CN 200980139076A CN 102171183 B CN102171183 B CN 102171183B
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- 235000019371 penicillin G benzathine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N periodic acid Chemical compound OI(=O)(=O)=O KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000005105 peripheral blood lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002831 pharmacologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003531 phenolsulfonphthalein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005141 piperazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002288 procaterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FKNXQNWAXFXVNW-BLLLJJGKSA-N procaterol Chemical compound N1C(=O)C=CC2=C1C(O)=CC=C2[C@@H](O)[C@@H](NC(C)C)CC FKNXQNWAXFXVNW-BLLLJJGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003910 promethazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000005069 pulmonary fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009325 pulmonary function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002815 pulmonary hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WPFZGADUIUVTCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine Chemical class NC1=CC=NC2=CC=NN12 WPFZGADUIUVTCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011555 rabbit model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011552 rat model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001525 receptor binding assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039083 rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MNDBXUUTURYVHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N roflumilast Chemical compound FC(F)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC=2C(=CN=CC=2Cl)Cl)C=C1OCC1CC1 MNDBXUUTURYVHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002586 roflumilast Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004017 salmeterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000007056 sickle cell anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004003 siderosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003637 steroidlike Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000195 terbutaline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tfa trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LERNTVKEWCAPOY-DZZGSBJMSA-N tiotropium Chemical class O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2[N+]([C@H](C1)[C@@H]1[C@H]2O1)(C)C)C(=O)C(O)(C=1SC=CC=1)C1=CC=CS1 LERNTVKEWCAPOY-DZZGSBJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000037816 tissue injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 208000029729 tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000701161 unidentified adenovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229960004764 zafirlukast Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XOFLBQFBSOEHOG-UUOKFMHZSA-N γS-GTP Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=S)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O XOFLBQFBSOEHOG-UUOKFMHZSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)化合物,其中X、R1、R2、R3、R4和R5如本文所定义,其用于治疗对CXCR2受体调节剂有响应的疾病。还描述了包含所述化合物的药物组合物以及制备所述化合物的方法。
Description
本发明涉及有机化合物,例如式(I)化合物,及其用途。
本发明一方面提供了式I的化合物,或其溶剂化物、水合物或可药用盐,
其中
R1是H、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元碳环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元杂环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的(C1-C4烷基)-3至10元碳环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的(C1-C4烷基)-3至10元杂环基团、任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷基、任选被一个或多个卤素原子或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷氧基,或者包含2-10个碳原子和1-3个氧原子的醚基团,其中所述醚基团任选地被一个或多个各自独立地选自OH、卤素、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元碳环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元杂环基团的取代基所取代;
R2是任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元碳环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元杂环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的(C1-C4烷基)-3至10元碳环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的(C1-C4烷基)-3至10元杂环基团、任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷基、任选被一个或多个卤素原子或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷氧基,或者包含2-10个碳原子和1-3个氧原子的醚基团,其中所述醚基团任选地被一个或多个各自独立地选自OH、卤素、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元碳环基团和任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元杂环基团的取代基所取代;或者
R1和R2与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元碳环基团或者任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元杂环基团;
R3是氢、卤素或氰基;
R4是H、C1-C8烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C5-C8环烯基或(C1-C4烷基)-R6,其中所述烷基基团各自任选地被一个或多个卤素原子取代;
R5是C1-C8烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C5-C8环烯基、(C1-C4烷基)-C3-C8环烷基或(C1-C4烷基)-C5-C8环烯基,其中所述烷基基团各自任选地被一个或多个卤素原子取代;或
R4和R5,与它们所连接的氮和氧原子一起形成任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的5-10元杂环基团;
R6选自任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元碳环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元杂环基团、NR7R9、NR7(SO2)R9、(SO2)NR7R8、(SO2)R9、NR7C(O)R9、C(O)NR7R9、NR7C(O)NR8R9、NR7C(O)OR9、C(O)OR7、OC(O)R9、OC(O)NR7、C(O)R9、SR7、CN和NO2;
R7和R8各自独立地选自H、C1-C6烷基、C3-C10环烷基、C5-C10环烯基和-(C1-C3亚烷基)-C3-C10环烷基;
R9选自H、C1-C6烷基、-(C1-C3亚烷基)-C3-C10环烷基、3-10元碳环基团和3-10元杂环基团,其中各个烷基基团和环系任选地被OH、卤素、C1-C3烷基和C1-C3烷氧基取代;
X是CR14或N;
Z独立的选自OH;3-10元碳环基团、3-10元杂环基团;苄基;任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷基;任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷氧基;-O芳基;-O苄基;-O(CH2)aC(O)E;NR10(SO2)R12;(SO2)NR10R11;(SO2)R12;NR10C(O)R12;C(O)NR10R12;NR10C(O)NR11R12;NR10C(O)OR12;NR10R12;C(O)OR10;OC(O)R12;OC(O)NR10;C(O)R12;SR12;CN;NO2;和卤素;或者
在有两个或多个Z取代基时,两个Z取代基与它们所连接的原子一起任选地形成与该环系稠合的5-至7-元碳环或4-至7-元杂环取代基;
a是0、1、2、3或4,其中当a是1、2、3或4时,所述亚烷基基团任选地被OH或NH2取代。
E是NR10R12或OR12;
R10和R11各自独立地选自H、C1-C6烷基、C3-C10环烷基、C5-C10环烯基和-(C1-C3亚烷基)-C3-C10环烷基;
R12各自选自H、C1-C6烷基、-(C1-C3亚烷基)-C3-C10环烷基、3-10元碳环和3-10元杂环,其中环系各自任选地被OH、卤素、C1-C3烷基和C1-C3烷氧基取代;且
R14是H或C1-C6烷基。
在本发明的一项实施方案中,R1是H或C1-C4烷基,且其它变量如本文任何地方所定义。
在本发明的另一项实施方案中,R2是任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH取代的C1-C6烷基、包含2-10个碳原子和1-3个氧原子的醚基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的4-6元碳环基团或者任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的4-6元杂环基团;且其它变量如本文任何地方所定义。
在本发明的另一项实施方案中,R1和R2与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的4-6元碳环基团或者任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的4-6元杂环基团;且其它变量如本文任何地方所定义。
在本发明的另一项实施方案中,R3是卤素,适合地是氯;且其它变量如本文任何地方所定义。
在本发明的另一项实施方案中,R4是H、C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基或(C1-C3烷基)-C3-C6环烷基;且其它变量如本文任何地方所定义。
在本发明的另一项实施方案中,R5是C1-C6烷基,适合地是C1-C4烷基,更加适合地是C1-C3烷基;且其它变量如本文任何地方所定义。
在另一项实施方案中,R4和R5与它们所连接的氮和氧原子一起形成5或6元杂环基团。适合地,R4和R5与它们所连接的氮和氧原子一起形成5元杂环基团。
在另一项实施方案中,X是CR14,其中R14是H或C1-C6烷基。任选地,R14是H或甲基。适合地,X是CH。
在本发明的另一项实施方案中,Z是选自任选地被一个或多个卤素原子或OH基团取代的C1-C4烷基、任选地被一个或多个卤素原子或OH基团取代的C1-C4烷氧基、卤素、OH和NR10R12,其中R10、R12和其它变量均如本文任何地方所定义。
涉及“其它变量如本文任何地方所定义”时,应当理解为意指用于式I化合物的定义的全部其它变量可以具有任何用于其在上文或在权利要求中的定义。因此,变量的亚定义的组合也认为属于本发明的范围。具体而言,在本发明的一项实施方案中的变量的定义可以与来自本发明其它实施方案中的第二个变量的定义组合。
在另一项实施方案中,本发明提供了选自以下的式(I)化合物:
如果本文中没有另外定义:
-“烷基”包括直链或支链的C1-C8烷基,例如C1-C6烷基或C1-C4烷基,如C1-C2烷基,包括未取代或取代的烷基,如被有机化学中的常规基团(如卤素、OH、NH2或卤代(C1-6)烷基)取代的烷基,
-“卤素”包括氟、氯、溴、碘,如氟、氯、溴,适合地是氯,
-“碳环基团”是指包含相关数量碳原子,如3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个碳原子的环系。该环系可以是单环、稠合的环系或螺环环系。此外,该碳环基团可以是饱和、部分不饱和或芳香性的。具体而言,其可以包含饱和或部分不饱和的环,其与芳香环或第二个饱和或部分不饱和的环稠合;或者其可以包含两个稠合在一起的芳香环。因此,“碳环基团”包括,例如环烯基、环烷基、苯基、茚满、茚、萘、四氢萘和薁。
-“芳基”是指包含6-14个环碳原子的芳香性的碳环系,其可以是未取代或如定义的被取代的。
-“杂环基团”是指包含相关数量成员原子,如3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个成员原子的环系,包含至少一个选自N、O和S的杂原子。该环系可以是单环、稠合的环系或螺环环系。此外,该杂环基团可以是饱和、部分不饱和或芳香性的(即杂环包括杂环烷基、杂环烯基和杂芳基)。具体而言,其可以包含饱和或部分不饱和的环,其与芳香环或第二个饱和或部分不饱和的环稠合;或者其可以包含两个稠合在一起的芳香环。此外,该杂环基团包括与碳环稠合的杂环,例如与苯环稠合的杂环基团。适合地,该杂环基团包含1、2或3个选自N、O和S的杂原子。
-“任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代”是指相关基团可以包含一个或多个取代基,其各自独立地选自包含于Z定义中的基团。因此,当有两个或多个Z基团取代基时,它们可以是相同或不同的。
-“-(C1-C4亚烷基)-”或“-(C1-C3亚烷基)-”是指具有相关数量碳原子的烃连接基团。
在本说明书及其后的权利要求的全文中,除非上下文另外需要,词语“包含”,或其变通词语,例如“包括”,应当理解为是指包含所述的整数或步骤或者整数或步骤的组,但不排除任何其它整数或步骤或者整数或步骤的组。
游离形式或可药用盐形式的式(I)化合物在下文中或者称为本发明化合物。
含有碱性中心的式I化合物能够形成酸加成盐、特别是可药用的酸加成盐。式I化合物的可药用酸加成盐包括无机酸和有机酸的那些,所述无机酸例如氢卤酸如氢氟酸、盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硝酸、硫酸、磷酸;所述有机酸例如脂肪族一元羧酸如甲酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、丙酸和丁酸、辛酸、二氯乙酸、马尿酸,脂肪族羟酸如乳酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸或苹果酸、葡糖酸、扁桃酸,二元羧酸如马来酸或琥珀酸、己二酸、天冬氨酸、富马酸、谷氨酸、丙二酸、癸二酸,芳族羧酸如苯甲酸、对氯苯甲酸、烟酸、二苯基乙酸或三苯基乙酸,芳族羟酸如邻羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸、1-羟基萘-2-甲酸或3-羟基萘-2-甲酸,以及磺酸如甲磺酸或苯磺酸、乙磺酸、乙烷-1,2-二磺酸、2-羟基-乙磺酸、(+)樟脑-10-磺酸、萘-2-磺酸、萘-1,5-二磺酸或对甲苯磺酸。这些盐可以由式I化合物通过已知的成盐方法制备。可药用的溶剂化物通常是水合物。
含有酸性基团如羧基的式I化合物也能够与碱、特别是可药用碱、例如本领域众所周知的那些碱形成盐;适宜的盐包括金属盐、特别是碱金属或碱土金属盐如钠、钾、镁或钙盐,或者与氨或可药用有机胺或杂环碱的盐,例如乙醇胺、苄胺或吡啶、精氨酸、苯乙苄胺、苄星盐(benzathine)、二乙醇胺、胆碱、4-(2-羟基乙基)吗啉、1-(2-羟基乙基)吡咯烷、N-甲基谷氨酰胺、哌嗪、三乙醇胺或氨丁三醇的盐。这些盐可以由式I化合物通过已知的成盐方法制备。含有酸性基团如羧基的式I化合物还可以作为具有季铵中心的两性离子而存在。
本发明的可药用溶剂化物包括那些其中结晶化的溶剂可以是同位素取代的溶剂的溶剂化物,例如D2O、d6-丙酮或d6-DMSO。
可以以常规方式将游离形式的式I化合物转化为盐形式,反之亦然。游离或盐形式的化合物可以以水合物或含有用于结晶的溶剂的溶剂化物形式而得到。式I化合物可以从反应混合物中回收并以常规方式纯化。异构体、例如对映异构体可以以常规方式、例如通过分步结晶或由相应不对称取代的、例如具有旋光活性的原料经不对称合成得到。
本发明的某些化合物含有至少一个不对称碳原子,因此它们以单一的旋光活性的异构形式或作为其混合物、例如作为外消旋混合物而存在。在其中存在另外的不对称中心的情况中,本发明还包括单一的旋光活性的异构体以及其混合物、例如非对映异构混合物。
本发明包括所有这类形式、特别是纯异构形式。可以通过常规方法使不同的异构形式相互分离或拆分,或者可以通过常规合成方法或者通过立体特异性或不对称合成来得到任何给定的异构体。因为本发明的化合物用于药物组合物,所以应当容易理解,它们各自优选以基本上纯的形式、例如至少60%纯、更适宜地至少75%纯、优选至少85%纯、尤其是至少98%纯(%根据重量计算)来提供。化合物的不纯制备物可以用来制备用于药物组合物的更纯形式;化合物的这些较不纯的制备物应当含有至少1%、更适宜地至少5%、优选10至59%的本发明化合物。
本发明包括全部可药用的同位素标记的式I化合物,其中一个或多个原子被具有相同原子序数但原子质量或质量数不同于自然界中通常所见原子质量或质量数的原子置换。适于包含在本发明化合物中的同位素的实例包括氢的同位素,例如2H和3H,碳例如11C、13C和14C,氯例如36C1,氟例如18F,碘例如123I和125I,氮例如13N和15N,氧例如15O、17O和18O,和硫例如35S。
某些同位素标记的式I化合物,例如掺入放射性同位素的那些,可用于药物和/或底物的组织分布研究。放射性同位素氚(3H)和碳-14(14C)由于其易于加入和检测方法容易,特别可用于此目的。较重同位素例如氘(2H)的取代可提供某些治疗优点,这是由于其有更好的代谢稳定性,例如延长的体内半衰期或降低的剂量需要,因此可在某些情况下优选。正电子发射同位素取代,如11C、18F、15O和13N可用于检查底物受体占有率的正电子发射断层显像(PET)研究。
同位素标记的式I化合物通常可使用适宜的同位素标记试剂替换从前使用的非标记试剂,通过本领域技术人员已知的常规技术或与所附实施例中描述的那些相似的方法而制备。
一些式I化合物可以以不同的互变异构体形式存在。互变异构是本领域技术人员所熟知的,且这些技术人员可以容易地鉴别哪些基团能够互变异构形成不同的互变异构体形式。本发明包含式I化合物的全部互变异构体形式。
本文所述的任何化合物作为本发明的化合物可以按照或类似于常规方法或者如本文所述的方法制备。起始原料是已知的或可以按照或类似于常规方法或者如本文所述的方法制备。
因此所得的式I化合物可以转化为其它式I化合物,或者所得的游离形式的式I化合物可以转化为式I化合物的盐,且反之亦然。
在本发明的另一方面提供了本发明化合物的制备方法,包括:
将式II化合物
其中R3、R4和R5如上文所定义,与式III化合物,
其中X、R1和R2如上文所定义,在适合的条件下,如在三乙胺、乙腈、甲醇的存在下,在适合的时间内,如2-24小时,在适合的温度下,如室温下进行反应,得到本发明的式(I)化合物。
本发明的化合物可用作药物。因此,本发明还提供了用作药物的游离或可药用盐形式的式I化合物。
本发明的另一方面提供了其中取代基如上文所定义的式(I)化合物作为药物的用途。
本发明的化合物起CXCR2受体拮抗剂的作用,从而抑制了炎症细胞,特别是嗜中性粒细胞、单核细胞和CD8+T细胞以及在慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)中所涉及的介体的浸润和活化。本发明的化合物因此提供了症状缓解作用并减少疾病进展。
患有COPD的个体的气道表现出主要是嗜中性的炎症响应。当气道与香烟的烟雾接触时,巨噬细胞、CD8+T细胞和上皮细胞被活化并释放促炎介质、氧化剂、细胞因子以及嗜中性的趋化因子、IL-8、GROα、ENA-78和白三烯类物质。IL-8、GROα和ENA-78是嗜中性粒细胞的选择性化学引诱剂。在人体内,嗜中性粒细胞IL-8以相似的亲和力与两种不同的受体CXCR1和CXCR2结合。密切相关的趋化因子(包括GROα、β、γ、NAP-2和ENA-78)仅与CXCR2结合。因此,对于一些肺疾病的治疗而言,抑制嗜中性粒细胞募集是一种公认的治疗策略。阻断IL-8、GROα和ENA-78与趋化因子受体CXCR2的结合可以通过抑制关键炎症细胞的浸润和活化并从而降低随后的组织损害、粘液分泌、气流阻塞和疾病进程而为COPD患者提供有益的作用。
可以用下面的试验证明本发明化合物抑制IL-8和GROα趋化因子的性质:
受体结合试验
[125I]IL-8(人重组的)得自Amersham Pharmacia Biotech,具有2000Ci/mmol的比活度。所有其它化学品都是分析级的。在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO-K1)中表达的人重组CXCR2受体购自Euroscreen。中国仓鼠卵巢膜是根据Euroscreen提供的方案制得的。用Bio-Rad蛋白试剂盒测定膜蛋白浓度。这些试验是在96-孔微量板中,根据White等人,J Biol Chem.,1998,273,10095所述的方法来进行的。各反应混合物在20mM的包含1.2mMMgSO4、0.1mM EDTA、25mM NaCl和0.03%CHAPS的Bis-Tris-丙烷,pH 8.0中包含0.05mg/ml CXCR2膜蛋白。此外,加入预先溶于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中的感兴趣的化合物,使其终浓度为10μM至0.0005μM(DMSO的终浓度为2%(v/v))。通过加入0.02nM 125I-IL-8来引发结合。将其在室温下培养2小时后,用BrandellTM 96-孔捕获器将这些板收集到用1%聚乙烯亚胺+0.5%BSA封闭的玻璃纤维滤板(GF/c)上,并用25mM NaCl、10mM TrisHCl、1mM MgSO4、0.5mM EDTA、0.03%CHAPS,pH 7.4洗涤3次。将该滤器在50℃下干燥过夜。向该板应用Backseal并加入50μl液体闪烁液。在Packard TopcountTM闪烁计数器上测量计数。
用SPA技术进行的人CXCR2受体的[
35
S]-GTPγS结合试验
[35S]-GTPγS(具有1082Ci/mmol的比活度)和小麦胚凝集素聚乙烯甲苯闪烁迫近小珠购自Amersham Pharmacia Biotech。表达人CXCR2受体的中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO-K1)膜购自Biosignal Packard公司。所有其它化学品都是分析级的。白色的非结合表面96孔OptiplateTM微量板得自Packard。按以前所述(Lindley I等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.,1988,85(23):9199)的那样合成、克隆并在大肠杆菌中表达重组的人IL-8。
该试验一式两份地在96孔OptiplateTM微量板中以每孔250μl的终体积进行。将化合物用DMSO(其终浓度为0.5%)稀释并在各孔中在包含10mM MgCl2、100mM NaCl、1mM EDTA加上100nM IL-8、50μM GDP和500pM[35S]GTPγS的20mM HEPES缓冲液(pH 7.4)中进行孵育。将SPA小珠(1mg/孔的终浓度)与所述膜(10μg/孔的终浓度)在试验缓冲液:包含10mM MgCl2、100mM NaCl、1mM EDTA的20mM HEPES缓冲液(pH 7.4)中预混合。将该小珠膜混合物加入到各孔中,将板密封并将其在室温下孵育60分钟。将该板离心并在Packard TopCountTM闪烁计数器上用程序[35S dpm]读数,每孔读数1分钟。将数据表示为相对100nM IL-8的响应减去基准值的%形式。
趋化性试验
在嗜中性粒细胞趋化性试验中测定这些化合物的体外抑制特性。这些试验是在96-孔板中根据以前公开的方法(Frevert C W等人,J Immunolog.Methods,1998,213,41)来进行的。96-孔趋化性室(5μm)得自Neuro Probe,所有的细胞缓冲液都得自Invitrogen Paisley,UK,葡聚糖-T500和Ficoll-Paque PlusTM密度梯度离心介质购自Pharmacia BiotechBuckinghamshire,UK。钙黄绿素-AM染料得自Molecular Probes。如以前所述的那样分离嗜中性粒细胞(Haslett,C.等人,Am J Path.,1985,119:101)。将柠檬酸盐处理的全血与4%(w/v)葡聚糖-T500混合并将其在冰上静置30分钟以除去红细胞。通过使15ml细胞混悬液在15mlFicoll-Paque PLUS密度梯度上分层和在250xg下离心25分钟来从外周血单核细胞中分离出粒细胞(PMN)。在离心后,通过用10ml冰冷的不含内毒素的无菌水低渗震荡裂解50秒和用10ml冷的2x磷酸盐缓冲盐水中和来除去PMN沉淀的任何红细胞污染物。用荧光染料钙黄绿素-AM(5μg)以1ml的总体积对分离出来的嗜中性粒细胞(1×107)进行标记并将其在37℃下孵育30分钟。将标记的细胞用不含酚红的RPMI+0.1%牛血清白蛋白进行洗涤,然后对这些细胞进行计数和将其调至5×106个细胞/ml的终浓度。然后,将该标记的嗜中性粒细胞与用DMSO(其终浓度为0.1%)稀释的试验化合物(0.001-1000nM)混合并将其在室温下孵育10分钟。将化学引诱剂(29μl)以0.1-5nM的浓度放到96-孔趋化性室的底部室中。将聚碳酸酯滤器(5μm)覆盖到该板上,将细胞(25μl)装载到顶端滤器上。使这些细胞在37℃下在具有5%CO2的潮湿培养箱中迁移90分钟。在孵育结束时,用多孔荧光板读数器(Fluroskan IFM,Labsystems)在485nm激发和538nm发射波长下对迁移的细胞进行定量。用4个不同的供体对各化合物进行一式四份试验。向底部孔中加入阳性对照细胞,即未用化合物处理的细胞。这些细胞表示细胞的最大趋化性反应。向底部室中加入阴性对照细胞,即没有用化学引诱剂刺激的那些细胞。阳性对照和阴性对照之间的差异表示细胞的化学趋化活性。
本文下面实施例的化合物在该[35S]-GPTγS结合试验中具有低于10μM的IC50值。例如,如下表所示的实施例的化合物分别具有所描述的IC50值。
考虑到其对CXCR2结合的抑制作用,本发明的化合物可用于治疗由CXCR2介导的病症或疾病,例如炎性或过敏性病症或疾病,特别是慢性阻塞性肺气道或肺病(COPD、COAD或COLD),包括慢性支气管炎或与其有关的呼吸困难、肺气肿、闭塞性细支气管炎综合征和严重的哮喘。
本发明的化合物还可用于治疗各种疾病,如癌症,例如卵巢癌、前列腺癌,包括转移性黑素瘤在内的黑素瘤、肺癌,例如非小细胞肺癌、肾细胞癌;肿瘤血管生成、局部缺血/再灌注损伤、延迟的移植物功能、骨关节炎、伴有骨髓纤维变性的骨髓外化生、子宫内膜异位、接触性过敏反应(皮肤)并可用于伤口愈合中。本发明的治疗可以是对症的或预防性的。
在慢性支气管炎或COPD治疗中的预防功效常常可以通过降低频率或严重程度、提供症状缓解和降低疾病进程、改善肺功能来得到证明。其可通过减少对其它对症治疗的需求而得到进一步证明,所述其它对症治疗即当症状发作时用于或希望用于限制或中断其症状发作的治疗,例如抗炎药(例如皮质类固醇)或支气管扩张药。
本发明适用的其它炎性或阻塞性气道疾病和病症包括急性肺损伤(ALI)、急性/成人呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、特发性肺纤维化、纤维化肺、气道高反应性、呼吸困难、肺纤维化、过敏性气道炎症、小气管病、肺癌、患有镰状细胞病和肺动脉高压的患者的急性胸部综合征、以及由于其它药物治疗,特别是其它吸入药物治疗而造成的气道高反应性加剧。本发明还适用于治疗任何类型或起源的支气管炎,包括例如急性、花生仁吸入性、卡他性、克鲁布性、慢性或结核性支气管炎。本发明适用的另一些炎性或阻塞性气道疾病包括任何类型或起源的尘肺病(一种常常伴有气道阻塞的(不管是慢性的还是急性的)炎性的、通常是职业性的肺部疾病,因反复吸入粉尘而引起),包括例如矾土肺、炭肺、石棉沉着病、石末肺、鸵鸟毛尘肺、肺铁末沉着病、矽肺、烟草尘肺和棉尘肺。
本发明的化合物还可用于治疗呼吸器官的病毒感染,所述感染可加剧所经历的慢性病症如哮喘、慢性支气管炎、COPD、中耳炎和鼻窦炎。所治疗的呼吸器官病毒感染可能与继发性细菌感染,如中耳炎、鼻窦炎或肺炎有关。
本发明的化合物还可用于治疗皮肤的炎性病症,例如牛皮癣、特应性皮炎、红斑狼疮和皮肤的其它炎性或过敏性病症。
本发明的化合物还可用于治疗其它一些疾病或病症,特别是具有炎性组分的疾病或病症,例如影响鼻子的疾病,包括过敏性鼻炎,例如萎缩性、慢性或季节性鼻炎,胃肠道的炎性病症,例如炎性肠病如溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病,骨和关节的疾病,包括类风湿性关节炎、牛皮癣性关节炎,和其它一些疾病如动脉粥样硬化、多发性硬化、以及急性和慢性同种异体移植物排斥,例如心脏、肾、肝、肺或骨髓移植后的同种异体移植物排斥。
本发明的化合物还可用于治疗内毒素性休克、肾小球肾炎、脑缺血和心肌缺血、阿尔茨海默病、囊性纤维化、病毒感染以及与其有关的恶化、获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)、多发性硬化(MS)、与幽门螺旋杆菌有关的胃炎、和癌症,特别是卵巢癌的生长。
本发明的化合物还可用于治疗人的由病毒感染造成的症状,所述症状是由人鼻病毒、其它肠道病毒、冠状病毒、疱疹病毒、流感病毒、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒或腺病毒造成的。
本发明化合物还可用于治疗胰腺炎。
可以在气道炎症或其它炎性病症的动物模型,例如小鼠、大鼠或兔模型中证明本发明化合物在抑制炎性病症,例如炎性气道疾病中的效力,例如如Wada等人,J.Exp.Med(1994)180:1135-40;Sekido等人,Nature(1993)365:654-57;Modelska等人,Am.J.Respir.Crit.Care.Med(1999)160:1450-56;和Laffon等人(1999)Am.J.Respir.Crit.Care Med.160:1443-49所述。
本发明的化合物还可用作与其它药物如抗炎药、支气管扩张药、抗组胺药或镇咳药联用的共治疗化合物,特别是用于治疗阻塞性或炎性气道疾病如上文所述那些疾病,例如用作该类药物治疗活性的增强剂或作为降低该类药物所需剂量或可能的副作用的手段。可以将本发明的化合物与其它药物一起混合到固定药物组合物中,或者可以将其独立地在其它药物给药前、同时或给药后给药。因此,本发明包括上文所述的本发明化合物与抗炎药、支气管扩张药、抗组胺药或镇咳药的组合,所述本发明化合物和所述药物位于相同或不同的药物组合物中。
适宜的抗炎药包括甾类,特别是糖皮质激素如布地奈德、丙酸倍氯米松、丙酸氟替卡松、环索奈德或糠酸莫米松、或在WO 02/88167、WO02/12266、WO 02/100879、WO 02/00679(尤其是在其实施例3、11、14、17、19、26、34、37、39、51、60、67、72、73、90、99和101中所述的那些化合物)、WO 03/35668、WO 03/48181、WO 03/62259、WO 03/64445、WO 03/72592、WO 04/39827和WO 04/66920中所述的甾族化合物;非甾体糖皮质激素受体激动剂,如在DE 10261874、WO 00/00531、WO02/10143、WO 03/82280、WO 03/82787、WO 03/86294、WO 03/104195、WO 03/101932、WO 04/05229、WO 04/18429、WO 04/19935和WO04/26248中所述的那些化合物;LTD4拮抗剂如孟鲁司特和扎鲁司特;PDE4抑制剂如西洛司特(GlaxoSmithKline)、罗氟司特(Byk Gulden)、V-11294A(Napp)、BAY19-8004(Bayer)、SCH-351591(Schering-Plough)、阿罗茶碱(Almirall Prodesfarma)、PD189659/PD168787(Parke-Davis)、AWD-12-281(Asta Medica)、CDC-801(Celgene)、SelCID(TM)CC-10004(Celgene)、VM554/UM565(Vernalis)、T-440(Tanabe)、KW-4490(KyowaHakko Kogyo)、和在WO 92/19594、WO 93/19749、WO 93/19750、WO93/19751、WO 98/18796、WO 99/16766、WO 01/13953、WO 03/104204、WO 03/104205、WO 03/39544、WO 04/000814、WO 04/000839、WO04/005258、WO 04/018450、WO 04/018451、WO 04/018457、WO 04/018465、WO 04/018431、WO 04/018449、WO 04/018450、WO 04/018451、WO04/018457、WO 04/018465、WO 04/019944、WO 04/019945、WO 04/045607和WO 04/037805中公开的那些化合物;A2A激动剂如在EP 1052264、EP1241176、EP 409595A2、WO 94/17090、WO 96/02543、WO 96/02553、WO 98/28319、WO 99/24449、WO 99/24450、WO 99/24451、WO 99/38877、WO 99/41267、WO 99/67263、WO 99/67264、WO 99/67265、WO 99/67266、WO 00/23457、WO 00/77018、WO 00/78774、WO 01/23399、WO 01/27130、WO 01/27131、WO 01/60835、WO 01/94368、WO 02/00676、WO 02/22630、WO 02/96462和WO 03/086408中所述的那些化合物;和A2B拮抗剂如在WO 02/42298中所述的那些化合物。
适宜的支气管扩张药包括抗胆碱能或抗毒蕈碱化合物,特别是异丙托溴铵、氧托溴铵、噻托溴铵盐和CHF 4226(Chiesi)以及格隆溴铵,但是也可以是在EP 424021、US 3714357、US 5171744、WO 01/04118、WO02/00652、WO 02/51841、WO 02/53564、WO 03/00840、WO 03/33495、WO 03/53966、WO 03/87094、WO 04/018422、WO 04/05285、WO2004096800、WO2006048225和WO2008025541中所述的那些化合物;和β-2肾上腺素受体激动剂如沙丁胺醇(柳丁胺醇)、奥西那林、叔丁喘宁、沙美特罗、非诺特罗、丙卡特罗并且尤其是福莫特罗、卡莫特罗以及其可药用盐和WO 00/75114的式I的化合物(游离或盐或溶剂化物形式)(该文献被引入本文作为参考),优选其实施例的化合物,尤其是下式的化合物
及其可药用盐,以及WO 04/16601的式I的化合物(游离或盐或溶剂化物形式),并且还可以是EP 1440966、JP 05025045、WO 93/18007、WO99/64035、US 2002/0055651、WO 01/42193、WO 01/83462、WO 02/66422、WO 02/70490、WO 02/76933、WO 03/24439、WO 03/42160、WO 03/42164、WO 03/72539、WO 03/91204、WO 03/99764、WO 04/16578、WO 04/22547、WO 04/32921、WO 04/33412、WO 04/37768、WO 04/37773、WO 04/37807、WO 04/39762、WO 04/39766、WO 04/45618WO 04/46083和WO 04/80964的化合物。
所述抗组胺药包括盐酸西替利嗪、对乙酰氨基酚、富马酸氯马斯汀、异丙嗪、氯雷他定、地氯雷他定、苯海拉明和盐酸非索那定。
还可以使用本发明化合物和抗胆碱能或抗毒蕈碱化合物、甾族化合物、β-2激动剂、PDE4抑制剂、多巴胺受体激动剂、LTD4拮抗剂或LTB4拮抗剂的组合。本发明化合物与抗炎药的其它有用的组合包括那些与其它趋化因子受体拮抗剂,例如CCR-1、CCR-3、CCR-4、CCR-5、CCR-6、CCR-7、CCR-8、CCR-9和CCR10、CXCR1、CXCR2、CXCR3、CXCR4、CXCR5的拮抗剂,特别是CCR-5拮抗剂如Schering-Plough的拮抗剂SC-351125、SCH-55700和SCH-D、Takeda拮抗剂如N-[[4-[[[6,7-二氢-2-(4-甲基苯基)-5H-苯并环庚烯-8-基]羰基]氨基]苯基]-甲基]-四氢-N,N-二甲基-2H-吡喃-4-铵(aminium)氯化物(TAK-770)、在US 6166037(特别是权利要求18和19)、WO 0066558(特别是权利要求8)和WO 0066559(特别是权利要求9)中所述的CCR-5拮抗剂的组合。
根据前述,本发明还提供了一种治疗由CXCR2介导的病症或疾病,例如炎性或过敏性病症,特别是炎性或阻塞性气道疾病的方法,其包括给需要其的个体,特别是人类个体施用有效量的上文所述游离或可药用盐形式的式I的化合物。本发明另一方面提供了如上文所述游离或可药用盐形式的式I的化合物在制备治疗由CXCR2介导的病症或疾病,例如炎性或过敏性病症或疾病,特别是炎性或阻塞性气道疾病的药物中的用途。
本发明的化合物可以用任何适宜的途径进行给药,例如可以口服给药,例如以片剂或胶囊的形式进行给药;可以胃肠外给药,例如静脉内给药;吸入给药,例如在炎性或阻塞性气道疾病的治疗中;鼻内给药,例如在过敏性鼻炎的治疗中;局部给药于皮肤,例如在特应性皮炎的治疗中;或直肠给药,例如在炎性肠病的治疗中。
本发明另一方面还提供了一种药物组合物,其包含作为活性成分的游离或可药用盐形式的式I的化合物,还任选地包含用于其的可药用的稀释剂或载体。该组合物可包含共治疗化合物如上文所述的抗炎药、支气管扩张药或抗组胺药。该类组合物可以用常规稀释剂或赋形剂和盖仑制剂领域已知的技术来进行制备。因此,口服剂型可包括片剂和胶囊。用于局部给药的制剂可以采取霜剂、软膏、凝胶或经皮传递系统例如贴剂的形式。用于吸入的组合物可包括气雾剂或其它可雾化制剂或干粉制剂。
当该组合物包含气雾制剂时,其优选地包含例如氢-氟-烷烃(HFA)抛射剂如HFA134a或HFA227或这些物质的混合物,并且可包含一种或多种本领域已知的助溶剂如乙醇(最高至20%重量)和/或一种或多种表面活性剂如油酸或三油酸脱水山梨醇酯和/或一种或多种填充剂如乳糖。当该组合物包含干粉制剂时,其优选地包含例如具有最大为10微米的粒径的式I化合物,并任选地包含具有所需粒度分布的稀释剂或载体如乳糖,以及有助于防止水分使产品性能变坏的化合物例如硬脂酸镁。当该组合物包含被雾化的制剂时,其优选地包含例如溶解或混悬于含有水、助溶剂如乙醇或丙二醇和稳定剂(其可以是表面活性剂)的溶媒中的式I化合物。
本发明包括:(A)可吸入形式,例如气雾剂或其它可雾化组合物或可吸入微粒形式,例如微粉化形式的本发明的化合物;(B)包含可吸入形式的本发明化合物的可吸入药物;(C)包含可吸入形式的本发明化合物以及吸入装置的药物产品;和(D)包含可吸入形式的本发明化合物的吸入装置。
在实施本发明时所用本发明化合物的剂量当然将根据例如所治疗的特定病症、所需效果和给药方式而变化。一般而言,吸入给药的适宜日剂量为每天0.01至1mg/kg,而对于口服给药,适宜的日剂量为0.005至100mg/kg总体重。胃肠外剂量方案的日剂量为约0.001至约80mg/kg总体重。局部给药日剂量方案优选地为0.1mg至150mg,每天给药一至四次,优选二或三次。
本发明通过以下实施例进行说明。
实施例
本发明的实施例化合物包括如下表1所示的式I化合物,制备方法在下文中描述。
表1
关于表1和表2中的实施例,所述化合物是使用本文所述的方法或本领域已知的其它方法合成。
应当理解,根据优选的实施方案中的有机化合物可以表现出互变异构现象。鉴于本说明书中的化学结构只能代表一种可能的互变异构形式,因此应当理解优选的实施方案涵盖了所画结构的全部互变异构形式。
应当理解,本发明不限于本文所列出的用于解释说明的实施方案,而是包含涵盖于上述内容的范围之内的其全部此类形式。
一般条件:
质谱是在LCMS系统上使用电喷雾离子化方法进行。[M+H]+是指单同位素分子量。如果没有另外指出,分析条件如下:
方法A
仪器 Waters Acquity
柱 Waters BEH C18 100×2.1mm,1.7μm
柱温 50℃
洗脱剂A:H2O,B:乙腈,二者均包含0.1%TFA
流速 0.7mL/分钟
梯度 0.25分钟5%B;1分钟内5%至95%B,0.25分钟95%B
方法B
仪器 Waters Acquity
柱 Waters BEH C18 100×2.1mm,1.7μm
柱温 50℃
洗脱剂A:H2O,B:乙腈,二者均包含0.1%TFA
流速 0.7mL/分钟
梯度 0.25分钟30%B;1分钟内30%至95%B,0.25分钟95%B
方法C
仪器 Waters Acquity
柱 Waters BEH C18 100×2.1mm,1.7μm
柱温 50℃
洗脱剂A:H2O,B:乙腈,二者均包含0.1%TFA
流速 0.7mL/分钟
梯度 0.25分钟5%B;7.75分钟内5%至95%B,1.00分钟95%B
NMR波谱是在开放通道的Bruker AVANCE 400NMR波谱仪上使用ICON-NMR进行测定。波谱在298K下检测,且使用溶剂峰进行参考。
多种起始原料、中间体和优选的实施方案中的化合物可以使用常规技术,例如沉淀、过滤、结晶、蒸发、蒸馏和色谱方法酌情进行分离和纯化。除非另外说明,全部起始原料都是从市场供应商获得,且不经进一步纯化直接使用。盐可以通过已知的成盐方法从化合物制备。
此外使用了多种可获得的市售的试剂和材料。此类试剂和材料可以容易地从指定供应商获得。
对于下文实施例以及整个说明书,以下缩写具有以下含义。如果没有定义,术语具有其一般可接受的含义。
缩写:
RT 室温
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DIPEA N,N-二异丙基乙胺
NMP N-甲基吡咯烷
THF 氢呋喃
MeOH 甲醇
DCM 二氯甲烷
EtOAc 乙酸乙酯
EtOH 醇
LCMS 液相色谱质谱
TEA 三乙胺
TFA 三氟乙酸
HPLC 高效液相色谱
CDI 羰基二咪唑
IPA 异丙醇
最终化合物的制备
实施例1
6-氯-3-[3,4-二氧代-2-((R)-1-苯基-丙氨基)-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
在N2中于室温下向搅拌过的6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺(中间体A)(100mg,0.256mmol)在MeCN(2ml)和EtOH(1ml)的混悬液中加入(R)-(+)-α-乙基苄基胺(58.8mg,0.435mmol)和三乙胺(0.142ml,1.02mmol),并将该反应混合物在80℃加热过夜。将反应混合物真空浓缩,得到黄色固体,将其溶入少量5%的MeOH的DCM溶液中,装入1g预先装好的硅胶柱上。用10-40%EtOAc在异己烷中的溶液洗脱纯化,并将合适的流份真空浓缩,得到黄色玻璃状固体。将该固体溶于EtOAc中,并用1M的HCl(水溶液)洗涤四次。将有机部分干燥(硫酸钠),并真空浓缩得到褐色胶状固体。用异己烷研磨,得到标题化合物,为褐色固体;[M+H]+180。1H NMR(DMSO)0.9(3H,t,CH3),1.9(2H,m,CH2),3.0(3H,s,CH3),3.6(3H,s,CH3),5.1(1H,m,CH),7.2-7.5(6H,m,Ar-H),8.0(1H,d,Ar-H)。
实施例2和3
这些实施例即,
6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-3-{2-[(R)-1-(5-甲基-呋喃-2-基)-丙氨基]-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-苯磺酰胺;[M+H]+484保留时间5.1分钟(方法C)(实施例2)和
6-氯-3-{3,4-二氧代-2-[(S)-(四氢噻吩-3-基)氨基]-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺;[M+H]+448保留时间1.44分钟(方法A)(实施例3),
是按照类似于实施例1的方法制备,用合适的胺代替(R)-(+)-α-乙基苄基胺。
实施例4
6-氯-3-{3,4-二氧代-2-[(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙氨基]-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
向搅拌过的6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基苯磺酰胺(中间体A)(500mg,1.279mmol)在MeCN的溶液中加入TEA(1.783ml,12.79mmol)和(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺(1g,7.74mmol)(中间体DA)。将反应混合物加热至70℃过夜。将反应混合物蒸发至干。将残余物溶于DCM中,并用0.1M的HCl水溶液洗涤。将有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤并蒸发至干。非对映异构体按照以下条件通过超临界流体色谱法进行分离:
流动相: 30%2-丙醇/0.1%DEA/70%CO2
柱: Chiralpak AD-H,250×10mm id,5μm
检测: UV220nm
流速: 10ml/min
样品浓度:在4.5ml EtOH中227mg
注射体积:150μl
将分离的非对映异构体各自溶于DCM中,并用饱和氯化铵水溶液洗涤。将有机层用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并蒸发至干,得到
非对映异构体1
SFC保留时间:3.02分钟
(M+H)+=474.0
1H NMR(CD3OD)1.02(3H,t,CH3),1.70(2H,m,CH2),1.75(1H,m,CH),1.95(2H,m,CH2),2.08(1H,m,CH),3.09(3H,s,CH3),3.68(3H,s,CH3),3.78(1H,dd,CH),3.90(1H,dd,CH),3.95(1H,m,CH),4.15(1H,m,CH),7.20(1H,d,CH),8.29(1H,d,CH)
非对映异构体2
保留时间:4.20分钟
(M+H)+=474.0
1H NMR(CD3OD)1.02(3H,t,CH3),1.51(1H,m,CH),1.75(1H,m,CH),1.95(4H,m,2xCH2),3.09(3H,s,CH3),3.68(3H,s,CH3),3.78(1H,dd,CH),3.85(1H,dd,CH),3.95(1H,dd,CH),4.20(1H,m,CH),7.20(1H,d,CH),8.29(1H,d,CH)。
实施例5
6-氯-3-[3,4-二氧代-2-((R)-1-苯基-乙氨基)-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
按照类似于实施例1的方法制备该化合物,用合适的胺代替(R)-(+)-α-乙基苄基胺;[M+H]+466保留时间5.38分钟(方法C)。
实施例6
6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-3-{2-[(R)-1-((2R,5R)-5-甲基-四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙氨基]-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-苯磺酰胺
在室温下在N2中向搅拌过的6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺(中间体A)(7g,17.91mmol)在MeCN(2ml)和EtOH(1ml)的混悬液中加入((R)-1-((2R,5R)-5-甲基-四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺对甲苯磺酸盐(中间体E)(5.67g,17.91mmol)和TEA(0.999ml,7.16mmol),并将该反应混合物在50℃下加热16小时。另加入TEA(2.48ml,17.91mmol),并将反应物在50℃下加热1小时,然后在60℃下加热20小时。另加入TEA(2.48ml,17.91mmol)和中间体E(1.13g,3.58mmol),并将该反应物在60℃下加热17.5小时。将该反应混合物真空浓缩,并在EtOAc和1M HCl(水溶液)之间分配。将水层用2M的NaOH(水溶液)调至pH5,并用EtOAc萃取。合并EtOAc层,并用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(水溶液)、水和盐水洗涤。将有机层干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩。将所得残余物在甲苯中重结晶,得到浅褐色固体;[M+H]+488.2。1H NMR(DMSO)0.9(3H,t,CH3),1.2(3H,d,CH3),1.3(1H,m)1.6(3H,m)1.9(2H,m)3.6(3H,s,CH3),3.6(3H,s,CH3),3.9(2H,m)4.0(1H,m),7.2(1H,d),8.1(1H,d),8.2(1H,d),9.5(1H,s),10.1(1H,s)。
实施例6a
3-氯-2-(甲氧基-甲基-氨磺酰基)-6-{2-[(R)-1-((2R,5R)-5-甲基-四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙氨基]-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-苯酚(2-羟基-乙基)-三甲基-铵
在回流下向6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-3-{2-[(R)-1-((2R,5R)-5-甲基-四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙氨基]-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-苯磺酰胺(2.1g,4.3mmol)在EtOAc(30ml)和IPA(5ml)的搅拌的溶液中加入45%的胆碱氢氧化物在MeOH(1.213ml,4.3mmol)中的溶液。20分钟后,将反应混合物冷却至室温,并继续搅拌1小时。经过滤收集该结晶状的黄色固体;[M+H]+488.21H NMR(DMSO)0.9(3H,t,CH3),1.2(3H,d,CH3),1.3(1H,m)1.5(1H,m),1.6(2H,m),1.9(2H,m)3.0(3H,s),3.1(9H,s),3.4(2H,t),3.6(3H,s,CH3),3.9(4H,m),4.0(1H,m),5.3(1H,t),5.9(1H,d),7.7(1H,d),8.5(1H,d),9.6(1H,s)。
实施例7
6-氯-3-[3,4-二氧代-2-((R)-1-吡啶-2-基-丙氨基)-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
按照类似于实施例1的方法制备该化合物,用合适的胺代替(R)-(+)-α-乙基苄基胺;[M+H]+481保留时间1.06分钟(方法B)。
实施例8
6-氯-3-[2-(1-乙基-丙氨基)-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
向搅拌过的6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺(中间体A)(1g,2.56mmol)在THF(20ml)的溶液中加入3-氨基戊烷(0.596ml,5.12mmol)。将该反应混合物在50℃加热过夜。将反应混合物真空浓缩并溶于EtOAc。将该EtOAc溶液用1M HCl(水溶液)和盐水洗涤。将该EtOAc溶液干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩。将残余物在甲苯中结晶得到固体;[M+H]+432.1。1H NMR(DMSO)0.9(6H,t,2xCH3),1.5(2H,m),1.6(2H,m),3.0(3H,s,CH3),3.6(3H,s,CH3),3.9(1H,m),7.2(1H,d),8.1(1H,d),8.2(1H,d),9.4(1H,s),10.1(1H,s)。
实施例9
3-[2-((R)-仲丁基氨基)-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
向搅拌过的6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺(中间体A)(1g,2.56mmol)在THF(20ml)的溶液中加入(R)-(-)-2-氨基丁烷(0.52ml,5.12mmol)。将该反应混合物在50℃加热7小时。将反应混合物真空浓缩,并溶于EtOAc。将该EtOAc溶液用1M HCl(水溶液)和盐水洗涤。将该EtOAc溶液干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩。将残余物在甲苯中结晶得到固体;[M+H]+418.2。1H NMR(DMSO)0.9(3H,t,CH3),1.2(3H,d,CH3),1.5(2H,m),3.0(3H,s,CH3),3.6(3H,s,CH3),4.0(1H,m),7.2(1H,d),8.1(1H,d),8.3(1H,d),9.4(1H,s),10.1(1H,s)。
实施例10
3-[2-((R)-仲丁基氨基)-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-6-氯-N-乙基-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-苯磺酰胺
向搅拌过的6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺(中间体FA)(100mg,0.25mmol)在MeCN(1ml)和EtOH(1ml)的溶液中加入(R)-(-)-2-氨基丁烷(30.7mg,0.42mmol),然后加入三乙胺(69μl,0.49mmol)。将该反应混合物在70℃加热1小时。将反应混合物真空浓缩,并溶于EtOAc。将该EtOAc溶液用1M HCl(水溶液)洗涤并真空浓缩。将残余物用DCM研磨,得到白色固体;[M+H]+432.2。1H NMR(DMSO)0.9(3H,t,CH3),1.2(6H,m),1.5-1.6(2H,m),3.3(2H,m),3.7(3H,s,CH3)4.1(1H,m),7.3(1H,d),8.1(1H,d),8.3(1H,d),9.4(1H,s),10.1(1H,s)。
实施例11
6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-3-[2-((R)-1-甲氧基甲基-2-甲基-丙氨基)-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
向搅拌过的三乙胺(1.192ml,8.55mmol)和(R)-2-氨基-3-甲基-丁-1-醇(中间体H)在EtOH(36ml)的溶液中加入6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺(中间体A)(1.67g,4.27mmol)。将反应混合物在85℃下加热18小时。将反应混合物真空浓缩并溶于EtOAc中。将该EtOAc溶液用1M HCl(水溶液)和NaHCO3(水溶液)洗涤。将NaHCO3(水溶液)层用EtOAc萃取。合并EtOAc层并真空浓缩。将残余物用快速色谱法纯化(0-10%MeOH的DCM溶液),得到褐色固体[M+H]+462.0。
1H NMR(DMSO)0.9(6H,t,2xCH3),1.9(1H,m),3.0(3H,s,CH3),3.3(3H,s,CH3),3.5(2H,m),3.6(3H,s,CH3),4.1(1H,m),7.3(1H,s),8.1(1H,d),8.4(1H,d),9.5(1H,s),10.2(1H,s)。
实施例12
6-氯-N-乙基-3-[2-(1-乙基-丙氨基)-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-苯磺酰胺
向搅拌过的6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺(中间体FA)(100mg,0.25mmol)在THF(2ml)的溶液中加入3-氨基戊烷(29mg,0.25mmol)。将该反应混合物在50℃下加热过夜。另加入3-氨基戊烷(29mg,0.25mmol),并将该反应物在50℃下加热7小时。将反应混合物真空浓缩并溶于EtOAc中。将该EtOAc溶液用10%柠檬酸(水溶液)、盐水洗涤,干燥(硫酸钠),并真空浓缩得到固体;[M+H]+446.1。1H NMR(DMSO)0.9(6H,t,2xCH3),1.2(3H,t,CH3),1.5(2H,m),1.6(2H,m),3.3(2H,m),3.7(3H,s,CH3)3.9(1H,m),7.2(1H,d),8.1(1H,d),8.3(1H,d),9.4(1H,s),10.2(1H,s)。
实施例13
6-氯-3-(2-(1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷-2-基氨基)-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基苯磺酰胺
将6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基苯磺酰胺(中间体A)(50mg,0.102mmol)和1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基胺(34.0mg,0.203mmol)溶于THF(1ml)中。向该溶液中加入甲磺酸(7μl,0.108mmol),并将所得混合物在50℃下加热过夜(~18小时)。将该溶液真空浓缩,并将残余物重新溶于DMSO(900μl)。将该溶液转移至HPLC小瓶中,并用质谱指示的制备系统使用50-98%乙腈的水溶液(0.1%TFA)洗脱纯化。真空除去纯化的流份中的溶剂。将残余物重新溶于MeOH中,真空除去溶剂,得到标题化合物,为橙色固体;
MS m/z 512[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.21(1H,s),9.70(1H,s),9.43(1H,d),8.01(1H,d),7.30(1H,d),6.05(1H,m),3.64(3H,s),3.04(3H,s)。
下表(表2)中所列出的化合物按照类似于实施例1的方法,使用合适的起始化合物和胺进行制备,所述原料的制品是本文所述或者市售的。
表2
中间体化合物的制备
中间体A
6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
将N,O-二甲基羟胺(1.98g,2当量)悬浮于无水THF(20ml)中,并在剧烈搅拌下在冰浴中冷却至0℃。保持温度在0℃下加入三乙胺(4.51ml,2当量),随后历经30分钟逐滴加入2-叔丁基-6-氯-苯并唑-7-磺酰氯(US2007/0249672第9页)(5g,16.22mmol,1当量)在THF(10ml)中的溶液。将反应混合物在0℃下搅拌1小时,随后加温至室温过夜。将所得混合物过滤,并真空浓缩,将所得固体溶于EtOAc(75ml)中,用水(3×20ml)、饱和盐水(30ml)洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物,为固体;[M+H]+333。
步骤2:3-氨基-6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
保持<30℃下历经30分钟逐滴加入浓硫酸(20ml)处理2-叔丁基-6-氯-苯并唑-7-磺酸甲氧基-甲基-酰胺(4.8g,14.42mmol)在二烷(55ml)和水(20ml)中的溶液。将该反应混合物在回流下加热2.5小时,然后冷却至室温。真空除去二烷,并将所得残余物水溶液用饱和NaHCO3溶液(250ml)碱化至pH12。将反应混合物用EtOAc(3×200ml)萃取,并将合并的萃取物用水(3×100ml)、饱和盐水(100ml)洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物,为褐色固体;[M+H]+266。
步骤3:6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
将3,4-二乙氧基-3-环丁烯-1,2-二酮(2.83g,1.2当量)在乙醇(30ml)中的溶液用TEA(1.54g,1.1当量)处理,并将该反应混合物加热至45℃。在剧烈搅拌中,保持反应混合物在45℃下历经30分钟分批加入3-氨基-6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺(3.7g,1当量)。将反应混合物在45℃下搅拌1小时,随后冷却至室温。真空除去溶剂,并将残余物在EtOAc(600ml)和水(2×200ml)之间分配。分离水部分,并用EtOAc萃取(3×200ml),并将合并的有机萃取物用水洗涤(3×200ml),并放置过夜。经过滤收集所得固体并真空干燥,得到标题化合物。蒸发母液,得到黄/褐色油状固体,将其用乙醇(100ml)研磨。经过滤收集固体,用EtOH洗涤并真空干燥,得到标题化合物;[M+H]+390。
中间体B
(R)-1-(5-甲基-呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺对甲苯磺酸盐
该化合物按照US 2004/0209946第19页中所述的方法制备。
中间体C
(S)-(四氢噻吩-3-基)胺
该化合物按照Synthesis(1992),(10),947-9中所述的方法制备。
中间体DA
(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺
步骤1:(R)-N-甲氧基-N-甲基四氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺
向冷却的(0℃)(R)四氢呋喃甲酸(25g,215mmol,1当量)在DCM(600ml)的溶液中加入TEA(30ml,1当量)、EDCI(61.9g,1.5当量)、N,O-二甲基羟胺(21g,1当量),随后加入DMAP(0.263g,0.01当量)。将该反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜,并随后用1M HCl和1M NaOH洗涤。将有机部分干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩,得到标题产物;[M+H]+160,NMR(CDCl3)1.9(1H,m),2.05(2H,m),2.2(1H,m),3.2(3H,s,NCH3),3.7(3H,s,OCH3),3.9(1H,m,CHO),4.05(1H,m,CHO),4.8(1H,m,CHO)。
步骤2:(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)丙烷-1-酮
向冷却的(0℃)(R)-N-甲氧基-N-甲基四氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(20.15g,1当量)在THF(250ml)的溶液中加入乙基溴化镁(44.3ml的3M的THF溶液,1.05当量)。将该反应物在-78℃下搅拌1小时,并随后用饱和NH4Cl溶液猝灭。加入EtOAc并分离有机部分,进一步用饱和NH4Cl溶液洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物;NMR(CDCl3)1.05(3H,t,CH3),1.9(3H,m),2.2(1H,m,CH),2.6(2H,m,CH2),3.95(2H,CH2O),4.3(1H,m,CHO)。
步骤3:(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)丙烷-1-醇
向冷却的(0℃)(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)丙烷-1-酮(16.16g,1当量)在MeOH的溶液中分批加入四氢硼酸钠(4.77g,I当量)。在0℃下搅拌1小时,将该反应物用5M HCl猝灭,并另外搅拌10分钟。将该混合物真空浓缩除去MeOH,并加入EtOAc和水。分离有机部分,并将水层用EtOAc萃取几次。将合并的有机萃取物干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物。
步骤4:(2R)-2-(1-叠氮基丙基)四氢呋喃
向冷却的(0℃)(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)丙烷-1-醇(13.78g,1当量)在DCM(250ml)的溶液中加入TEA(16.07g,1.5当量)和甲磺酰氯(18.19g,1.5当量)。将该反应物在0℃下搅拌。50分钟后,将反应物用饱和NaHCO3水溶液猝灭。将有机层用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗涤,干燥(MgSO4),过滤并真空浓缩。将反应物冷却,并在盐水和EtOAc之间分配。分离水部分,并进一步用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机萃取物干燥(MgSO4),过滤并真空干燥。将粗产物经硅胶色谱纯化,得到标题化合物。1.05(3H,m,两个非对映异构体的CH3),1.6(3H,m),1.95(3H,m),3.05(0.5H,m,一个非对映异构体的CHN3),3.45(0.5H,m,一个非对映异构体的CHN3),3.8(1H,m,CHO),3.9(2H,m,CH2O)。
步骤5:(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)丙烷-1-胺
将(2R)-2-(1-叠氮基丙基)四氢呋喃(1.9g,12.24mmol,1当量)在EtOH/AcOH(105ml的100∶5混合物)中的溶液和10%Pd/C CATCart(12.24mmol,1当量)置于氢气正压下8小时。将产物混合物真空浓缩,并用DCM稀释。将该混合物通过10g SCX-2柱(装有树脂0.67mmol/g),用甲醇,随后用2M氨在EtOH中的溶液洗脱。真空浓缩合适的流份,得到标题化合物。
1.0(3H,t,CH3),1.3(1H,m),1.6(2H,m),1.9(3H,m),2.6(0.5H,m,一个非对映异构体的CHNH2),2.8(0.5H,m,一个非对映异构体的CHNH2),3.6(1H,m,CHO),3.75(1H,m,CHO),3.85(1H,m,CHO)。
中间体DB
(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺
步骤1:(R)-2-((R)-1-叠氮基丙基)四氢呋喃
类似于(2R)-2-(1-叠氮基丙基)四氢呋喃(中间体DA步骤4),从(S)-(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙烷-1-醇制备该化合物。
步骤2:(R)-1-((R)-四氢呋喃-2-基)丙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯
向(R)-2-((R)-1-叠氮基丙基)四氢呋喃(步骤1)(2.11g,13.6mmol)在THF(60ml)和H2O(10ml)的溶液中加入三苯基膦(4.28g,16.32mmol)。将该反应物在50℃下加热过夜,并随后冷却至室温。加入碳酸氢钠(11.42g,136mmol)和Boc酐(4.16g,19.04mmol),并将该反应混合物在40℃下加热。将该反应物冷却至室温,并加入EtOAc。分离水层和有机层。将水层用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机层干燥(MgSO4),过滤并真空浓缩。将粗的产物混合物经快速硅胶(40g)色谱法纯化,用EtOAc/异己烷(梯度0-40%)洗脱,得到标题产物;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ0.98(3H,t,CH3),1.45(9H,s,(CH3)3),1.6(3H,m),1.9(3H,m),3.5(1H,m),3.7(1H,m),3.85(2H,m),4.6(1H,m)。
步骤3:(R)-1-((R)-四氢呋喃-2-基)丙烷-1-胺
向(R)-1-((R)-四氢呋喃-2-基)丙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(2.67g,11.64mmol)在1,4-二烷(80ml)的溶液中加入5M HCl(5ml)。随后将该反应物在70℃下加热5.5小时,并随后冷却至室温,将该混合物真空浓缩,得到标题化合物;1H NMR(MeOD)δ1.09(3H,t,CH3),1.7(3H,m),2.0(2H,m),2.15(1H,m),3.0(1H,m),3.88(3H,m)。
中间体DC
1-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)丙烷-1-胺
类似于(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺(中间体DB),从1-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-丙烷-1-醇制备该化合物。最终的脱保护步骤使用5%TFA在DCM中的溶液进行;[M+H]+151。
中间体DD
1-(吡啶-3-基)丙烷-1-胺
类似于(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺(中间体DB),从1-吡啶-3-基-丙烷-1-醇制备该化合物。最终的脱保护步骤使用5%TFA在DCM中的溶液进行;[M+H]+136。
中间体E
((R)-1-((2R,5R)-5-甲基-四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺对甲苯磺酸盐
步骤1:[(R)-1-(5-甲基-呋喃-2-基)-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁基酯
在室温下在氮气惰性气体中将冰冷却的(R)-1-(5-甲基-呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺PTSA盐(591mg,1.90mmol)(按照US 2004/0209946(第19页中所述方法制备)和Et3N(0.264ml,1.90mmol)在无水MeCN(4ml)中的溶液用BOC酐(456mg,2.09mmol)处理。将该反应混合物在0℃下搅拌30分钟,并加温至室温。将溶剂真空蒸发,并将所得油状物溶于EtOAc(20ml)中,并用1M HCl(10ml)、Na2SO4(10ml)、盐水(10ml)洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩。将所得油状物溶于最少体积EtOH中,并用EtOAc/Et2O研磨,得到标题化合物;[M+H]+332
步骤2:[(R)-1-(2R,5R)-(5-甲基-四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁基酯
在室温下在氮气惰性气体中将10%Pd/C(55mg)加入[(R)-1-(2R,5R)-(5-甲基-呋喃-2-基)-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(453mg,1.89mmol)在无水MeOH(20ml)的溶液中。将所得混合物置于氢气正压下并剧烈搅拌。经过滤除去催化剂,并将滤液真空浓缩,得到标题化合物,为两种非对映异构体混合物。
步骤3:((R)-1-((2R,5R)-5-甲基-四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基胺对甲苯磺酸盐
在氮气惰性气体下向冰冷却的[(R)-1-(2R,5R)-(5-甲基-四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙基]-氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(416mg,1.71mmol)在无水DCM(4ml)的溶液中加入TFA(200μl,1.41mmol)。在室温下搅拌3小时后,将该混合物用EtOAc(15ml)稀释,并用饱和Na2CO3水溶液洗涤。将有机部分干燥(Na2SO4),并随后加入对甲苯磺酸(147mg,0.77mmol)。搅拌后,真空除去溶剂,并在MeCN中重结晶,得到标题化合物,为白色固体。1H NMR(DMSO)0.90(3H,t,CH3),1.20(3H,d,CH3),1.45(2H,m,2xCH),1.59(1H,m,CH),1.65(1H,m,CH),1.95(2H,m,CH2),2.30(3H,s,CH3),2.93(1H,m,CH),3.75(1H,dd,CH),3.95(1H,m,CH),7.10(2H,d,2xCH),7.48(2H,d,2xCH),7.75(3H,s,NH3+)。
中间体FA
6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺
将N-乙基-O-甲基羟胺盐酸化物(中间体G)(3.39g,30.4mmol)悬浮于无水THF(20ml)中,并在搅拌下于冰浴中冷却至0℃。加入TEA(4.24ml,30.4mmol),随后历经2.5小时逐滴加入2-叔丁基-6-氯-苯并唑-7-磺酰氯(US 2007/0249672第9页)(4.68g,15.19mmol)在THF(10ml)中的溶液。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟。将反应混合物用EtOAc稀释并用H2O、盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩。将残余物用快速色谱法纯化,用0-10%EtOAc在异己烷中的溶液洗脱,得到白色固体[M+H]+347.2
步骤2:3-氨基-6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺
将2-叔丁基-6-氯-苯并唑-7-磺酸乙基-甲氧基-酰胺(2.7g,7.78mmol)在二烷(15ml)中的溶液用浓硫酸(3.5ml)和水(3.5ml)的混合物处理。将反应混合物在80℃加热共8小时,并随后冷却至室温。真空除去二烷,并将所得水性混合物用1M NaOH(水溶液)处理直至达到pH7。将反应混合物用EtOAc萃取,干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物,为褐色固体;[M+H]+281.1。
步骤3:6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺
将3,4-二乙氧基-3-环丁烯-1,2-二酮(0.30g,1.76mmol)在乙醇(5ml)中的溶液用TEA(250μl,1.80mmol)处理,并将反应混合物加热至45℃。将3-氨基-6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺(0.58g,2.07mmol)在EtOH(5ml)中的溶液逐滴加入反应混合物中。将反应混合物在45℃搅拌1小时,并随后真空浓缩。将残余物用快速色谱法纯化(50%EtOAc在异己烷中的溶液),得到固体[M+H]+405.2。
中间体FB
3-(4-氯-2-羟基-3-(异唑烷-2-基磺酰基)苯基氨基)-4-乙氧基环丁-3-烯-1,2-二酮
按照类似于6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺(中间体FA)的方法制备该化合物,用异唑烷盐酸化物代替N-乙基-O-甲基羟胺盐酸化物(中间体G)。[M+H]+402.9
中间体FC和FD
这些化合物即3-[4-氯-2-羟基-3-((S)-4-羟基-异唑烷-2-磺酰基)-苯基氨基]-4-乙氧基-环丁-3-烯-1,2-二酮(中间体FC)和3-[4-氯-2-羟基-3-((R)-4-羟基-异唑烷-2-磺酰基)-苯基氨基]-4-乙氧基-环丁-3-烯-1,2-二酮(中间体FD),是按照类似于6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺(中间体FA)的方法制备,用(S)-异唑烷-4-醇(中间体I)或(R)-异唑烷-4-醇(中间体J)的盐酸盐代替N-乙基-O-甲基羟胺盐酸化物(中间体G)。[M+H]+418.9和[M+H]+418.9。
中间体FE
6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺
按照类似于6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺(中间体FA)的方法制备,用O-(2-甲氧基-乙基)-N-甲基-羟胺(中间体K)代替N-乙基-O-甲基羟胺盐酸化物(中间体G)。[M+H]+435
中间体G
N-乙基-O-甲基-羟胺盐酸化物
步骤1:N-甲氧基氨基甲酸乙酯
将搅拌过的氯甲酸乙酯(10.78g,99mmol)和O-甲基羟胺盐酸化物(12.4g,148mmol)在DCM(400ml)中的混合物用乙腈-Cardice浴冷却。历经10分钟逐滴加入TEA(25.05g,248mmol),并另外持续10分钟进行冷却。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟,用1M HCl(水溶液)洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩,得到油和固体混合物。分离油状物,且NMR与计划产物一致;1H NMR(CDCl3)1.3(3H,t,CH3),3.7(3H,s,CH3),4.2(2H,q,CH2),7.3(1H,s)
步骤2:N-乙基-O-甲基-羟胺盐酸化物
将搅拌过的N-甲氧基氨基甲酸乙酯(10.45g,88mmol)在DMF(50ml)中的混合物用冰浴冷却。分批加入氢化钠(60%在油中的分散体系)(3.65g,91mmol),并将反应混合物在室温下搅拌1小时。分批加入溴乙烷(9.56g,88mmol),并将反应混合物在80℃下加热4小时。将混合物在H2O和1∶1EtOAc/Et2O之间分配。将有机层用另外的H2O洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩,得到油状物。将该油状物在65℃下在KOH(12.4g,221mmol)、H2O(15ml)和EtOH(15ml)的混合物中加热5小时。将所得溶液蒸馏入2MHCl(水溶液)中,并真空浓缩,得到油状物。1H NMR(CDCl3)1.2(3H,t,CH3),3.2(2H,q,CH2),3.9(3H,s,CH3),12.1(2H,s)
中间体H
(R)-2-氨基-3-甲基-丁-1-醇
按照WO 957257、实施例7中所述方法制备该化合物。
中间体I和J
按照Journal of Molecular Catalysis B:Enzymatic(2001),11(4-6),255-263中的方法制备这些化合物,即(S)-异唑烷-4-醇(中间体I)和(R)-异唑烷-4-醇(中间体J)。
中间体K
O-(2-甲氧基-乙基)-N-甲基-羟胺
按照‘Preparation of 7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines asagricultural fungicides and pesticides.Ger.Offen.(2003),50pp.DE10223917第42页中所述方法制备该化合物。
中间体L
3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)-N-乙基-2-羟基-N-甲氧基苯磺酰胺
步骤1:3-氨基-N-乙基-2-羟基-N-甲氧基苯磺酰胺:
将10%Pd/C(200mg)在3-氨基-6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-乙基-苯磺酰胺(Int.FA步骤2)(400mg,1.425mmol)在EtOH(50ml)的溶液中的分散体系置于高于大气压0.5巴的氢气正压下。5小时后,经(滤材)过滤除去催化剂,并将滤液真空浓缩。将所得固体用于下一步骤,不进行进一步纯化。
步骤2:3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)-N-乙基-2-羟基-N-甲氧基苯磺酰胺
按照类似于6-氯-3-(2-乙氧基-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺(中间体A步骤3)的方法制备该化合物,用3-氨基-N-乙基-2-羟基-N-甲氧基苯磺酰胺(步骤1)代替3-氨基-6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺。[M+H]+371
中间体M
1-(吡嗪-2-基)丙烷-1-胺
步骤1:2-(1-叠氮基丙基)吡嗪
按照类似于(2R)-2-(1-叠氮基丙基)四氢呋喃(中间体DA,步骤4)的方法,从1-(吡嗪-2-基)丙烷-1-醇(按照‘Some reactions of mono substitutedpyrazine monoxides’Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry(1982),19(5),1061-7,化合物18中的方法制备)来制备标题化合物。
步骤2:1-(吡嗪-2-基)丙烷-1-胺
将2-(1-叠氮基丙基)吡嗪(56mg)溶于THF(5ml)中,并加入水(1ml)和PS-PPh3(225mg)。将反应混合物加热至50℃,并搅拌约20小时。将该混合物在真空下过滤,并用DCM清洗(产生沉淀,并重新溶于MeOH),然后用MeOH清洗。蒸发滤液,得到标题化合物,为黄色油状物,其不经进一步纯化直接使用。[M+H]+138。
中间体N
(S)-1-甲氧基-4-甲基戊-2-胺
在氮气中将(S)-2-氨基-4-甲基戊-1-醇(0.276ml,2.133mmol)加入搅拌过的,冰浴冷却的KH(267mg,2.327mmol)在THF(10ml)的混悬液中。将所得混合物加温至室温,并搅拌约10分钟,随后用MeI(0.121ml,1.939mmol)处理。搅拌30分钟后,通过加入饱和NH4Cl(水溶液)(~20ml)猝灭该反应混合物,并用EtOAc萃取(25ml x2)。将合并的有机相用MgSO4干燥,真空过滤,并蒸发滤液,得到橙色油状物。将油状物经硅胶色谱法用10%(2M NH3在MeOH中的溶液)/DCM洗脱纯化,得到标题化合物,其不经进一步纯化直接使用。
中间体O
(R)-1-(吡啶-2-基)丙烷-1-胺
步骤1:(S,E)-3-甲基-N-(吡啶-2-基亚甲基)-1-(三甲基硅烷基氧基)丁-2-胺
向吡啶基-2-甲醛(14.22g,133mmol)和(R)-Valinol(13.7g,133mmol)在DCM(150ml)的溶液中加入MgSO4(63.9g,531mmol)。将该反应物在室温下搅拌过夜,并随后过滤除去MgSO4,并真空浓缩。将残余物溶于DCM(150ml)中,并在冰浴中冷却。加入TEA(14.78g,146mmol)和TMSCl(15.87g,146mmol),并将该混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。过滤该混合物,并将滤液真空浓缩。将所得残余物溶于1∶1 Et2O:环己烷中。滤出固体,并将滤液浓缩,得到标题化合物,为橙/褐色油状物。
步骤2:(S)-3-甲基-2-((R)-1-(吡啶-2-基)丙氨基)丁-1-醇
向冷却至-78℃的亚胺(10.78g,40.8mmol)在THF(100ml)的溶液中加入乙基锂溶液(26.4ml,1.7M在二丁基醚中的溶液)。将该混合物在-78℃下搅拌,并在1小时后加入5M HCl,继续在室温下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用EtOAc和H2O稀释。分离水层和有机层,并将水层进一步用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机萃取物干燥(MgSO4),过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物,其不经进一步纯化直接使用。[M+H]+223.1。
步骤3:(R)-1-(吡啶-2-基)丙烷-1-胺
向(S)-3-甲基-2-((R)-1-(吡啶-2-基)丙氨基)丁-1-醇(步骤2,粗产物)(40.8mmol)在MeOH(250ml)的溶液中加入甲基胺(60ml的40%水溶液),随后加入高碘酸(37.2g,163mmol)在水(70ml)中的溶液。将该混合物在室温下搅拌过夜,并滤出所得白色固体沉淀。将滤液真空浓缩以除去MeOH。随后将所得水层用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机层干燥(MgSO4),过滤并真空浓缩。粗产物经硅胶色谱法用0-20%MeOH/DCM梯度洗脱纯化,得到标题化合物;[M+H}+137。
Claims (14)
1.式I的化合物,或其可药用盐,
其中
R1是任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元碳环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元杂环基团、任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷基、任选被一个或多个卤素原子或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷氧基,或者包含2-10个碳原子和1-3个氧原子的醚基团,其中所述醚基团任选地被一个或多个各自独立地选自OH和卤素的取代基所取代;
R2是任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元碳环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元杂环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的-(C1-C4烷基)-3至10元碳环基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的-(C1-C4烷基)-3至10元杂环基团、任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷基、任选被一个或多个卤素原子或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷氧基,或者包含2-10个碳原子和1-3个氧原子的醚基团,其中所述醚基团任选地被一个或多个各自独立地选自OH和卤素的取代基所取代;或者
R1和R2与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元碳环基团或者任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的3-10元杂环基团;
R3是氢或卤素;
R4是C1-C8烷基,所述烷基基团任选地被一个或多个卤素原子取代;
R5是C1-C8烷基,所述烷基基团任选地被一个或多个卤素原子取代;或
R4和R5,与它们所连接的氮和氧原子一起形成任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的5-10元杂环基团;
X是CH或N;
Z独立的选自OH;苄基;任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷基;任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH基团取代的C1-C6烷氧基;-O芳基;-O苄基;CN;NO2;和卤素;
“碳环基团”是指包含3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个碳原子的饱和、部分不饱和或芳香性的单环、稠合的环系或螺环环系;
“杂环基团”是指包含3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个成员原子并且包含至少一个选自N、O和S的杂原子的饱和、部分不饱和或芳香性的单环、稠合的环系或螺环环系。
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其中R1是C1-C4烷基。
3.如权利要求1或权利要求2所述的化合物,其中
R1是C1-C4烷基;
R2是任选地被一个或多个卤素原子、CN或OH取代的C1-C6烷基、包含2-10个碳原子和1-3个氧原子的醚基团、任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的4-6元碳环基团或者任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的4-6元杂环基团;或
R1和R2与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的4-6元碳环基团或者任选地被一个或多个Z基团取代的4-6元杂环基团。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中R3是卤素。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中R4是C1-C4烷基。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中R5是C1-C6烷基。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中X是CH。
9.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其中所述化合物选自:
6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-3-{2-[(R)-1-(5-甲基-呋喃-2-基)-丙氨基]-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-苯磺酰胺;
6-氯-3-{3,4-二氧代-2-[(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙氨基]-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺;
6-氯-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-3-{2-[(R)-1-((2R,5R)-5-甲基-四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙氨基]-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-苯磺酰胺;
6-氯-3-[3,4-二氧代-2-((R)-1-吡啶-2-基-丙氨基)-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺;
6-氯-3-[2-(1-乙基-丙氨基)-3,4-二氧代-环丁-1-烯基氨基]-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基-苯磺酰胺;
6-氯-3-{3,4-二氧代-2-[(R)-1-(四氢呋喃-2-基)-丙氨基]-环丁-1-烯基氨基}-N-乙基-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-苯磺酰胺;
6-氯-N-乙基-2-羟基-3-(2-(异丙氨基)-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)-N-甲氧基苯磺酰胺;
6-氯-2-羟基-3-(2-(异丙氨基)-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)-N-甲氧基-N-甲基苯磺酰胺;
(R)-6-氯-N-乙基-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-3-(2-(1-(5-甲基呋喃-2-基)丙氨基)-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)苯磺酰胺;
6-氯-3-(2-(庚-4-基氨基)-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基苯磺酰胺;
6-氯-3-(2-(环戊基氨基)-3,4-二氧代环丁-1-烯基氨基)-2-羟基-N-甲氧基-N-甲基苯磺酰胺;和
3-(3,4-二氧代-2-((R)-1-((S)-四氢呋喃-2-基)丙氨基)环丁-1-烯基氨基)-N-乙基-2-羟基-N-甲氧基苯磺酰胺;
或其可药用盐。
10.如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的化合物用于制备药物的用途。
11.如权利要求1-9中任一项所述化合物的用途,其用于制备治疗炎性或过敏性病症或疾病的药物。
12.如权利要求11所述的用途,其中所述病症是COPD。
13.药物组合物,其包含如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的化合物与可药用载体或赋形剂。
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