CN102149942A - 转矩传递装置 - Google Patents

转矩传递装置 Download PDF

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CN102149942A
CN102149942A CN2009801357070A CN200980135707A CN102149942A CN 102149942 A CN102149942 A CN 102149942A CN 2009801357070 A CN2009801357070 A CN 2009801357070A CN 200980135707 A CN200980135707 A CN 200980135707A CN 102149942 A CN102149942 A CN 102149942A
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flywheel mass
clutch
torque transmitter
centrifugal force
flywheel
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CN102149942B (zh
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W·鲁德
S·马科维亚克
M·迪尔泽
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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LuK Lamellen und Kupplungsbau GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/14—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers
    • F16F15/1407—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers the rotation being limited with respect to the driving means
    • F16F15/145—Masses mounted with play with respect to driving means thus enabling free movement over a limited range
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2054—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed by controlling transmissions or clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/58—Details
    • F16D13/60—Clutching elements
    • F16D13/64—Clutch-plates; Clutch-lamellae
    • F16D13/644—Hub construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/18—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using electric, magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/48—Drive Train control parameters related to transmissions
    • B60L2240/486—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/145—Structure borne vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/424—Friction clutches
    • B60Y2400/4242—Friction clutches of dry type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/48—Vibration dampers, e.g. dual mass flywheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/22—Vibration damping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T74/19014—Plural prime movers selectively coupled to common output
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种转矩传递装置，设有可无相对转动地配置给内燃机的第一飞轮质量和连接在第一飞轮质量后面的并可配置给变速器的第二飞轮质量。为了提供改善的转矩传递装置，本发明提出，该第二飞轮质量具有用于将可由电产生的转矩传递到该第二飞轮质量上的电机的转子及用于减小扭转振动的离心力摆装置。

Description

转矩传递装置
技术领域
本发明涉及具有一个无相对转动地配置给内燃机的第一飞轮质量及一个连接在第一飞轮质量后面的并配置给变速器的第二飞轮质量的转矩传递装置。
背景技术
转矩传递装置已是公知的及用于在内燃机与变速器之间传递转矩。为了减小其中出现的扭转振动可相互转动地配置飞轮质量。此外还公知了：为了减小扭转振动设置一个离心力摆装置。由德国公开文献DE 10 2006 028 556 A1公知了设有一个扭转振动阻尼器及一个离心力摆装置的转矩传递装置，该离心力摆装置在轴向上被设置在一个储能装置与离合器的一个反压板之间。在另一实施例中指出，离心力摆装置也可在径向上设置在储能装置内。
发明内容
本发明的任务则在于，提供一个改善的转矩传递装置，尤其用于其中设有一个内燃机及一个电动机的混合式驱动的应用。
该任务将在设有一个无相对转动地配置给内燃机的第一飞轮质量及一个连接在第一飞轮质量后面的并配置给变速器的第二飞轮质量的转矩传递装置上这样来解决：第二飞轮质量具有一个用于将由电产生的转矩传递到第二飞轮质量上的电机转子及一个用于减小扭转振动的离心力摆装置。第一飞轮质量可借助内燃机来驱动及通过它驱动连接其后的第二飞轮质量，其中转矩可有利地在内燃机与变速器之间传递。有利地可借助电机附加地将电驱动转矩或制动转矩传递到第二飞轮质量上。该转矩可传递到变速器和/或内燃机上，例如用于驱动或制动一个装备该转矩传递装置的机动车。此外也可以是借助电机来起动内燃机。对于电机可涉及电动机、例如同步电动机或异步电动机，发电机、例如一个起动器发电机。有利地对于可装备转矩传递装置的机动车可借助它来实现并列的混合驱动布置。这可有利地借助设有的离心力摆装置来减小、尤其消除在内燃机工作时或在内燃机与变速器之间传递转矩时出现的扭转振动。该离心力摆装置可如DE 10 2006 028 556 A1中所公开的那样地实施。该出版文献、尤其附图及所属附图说明将作为本申请内容的参考。对于减小扭转振动可理解为在内燃机工作时出现的扭转振动的振动隔离，扭转振动的消除和/或阻尼。第二飞轮质量可有利地这样配置给变速器，以致在变速器与第二飞轮质量之间可传递转矩、例如在内燃机和/或电机工作时产生的转矩。
在转矩传递装置的一个实施例中提出：第一飞轮质量及第二飞轮质量借助一个储能装置彼此可相对扭转地配置或被配置。有利地第一飞轮质量，连接在中间的储能装置及第二飞轮质量可根据所谓双质量飞轮的原理来阻尼扭转振动。
在转矩传递装置的另一实施例中提出：在第一飞轮质量与第二飞轮质量之间连接了一个隔离离合器。借助该隔离离合器可有利地选择隔离或形成内燃机与第二飞轮质量之间的能量流或转矩的传递。当隔离离合器打开时内燃机可空转，例如可被关机，这时有利地第二飞轮质量仍可空转或借助电机驱动或制动。可以考虑：隔离离合器具有第一飞轮质量的一部分，即当该离合器打开时第一飞轮质量仅部分地配置给内燃机。在此情况下可考虑：在隔离离合器打开的情况下这样地设置保留的第一飞轮质量，以致内燃机不转动，即当隔离离合器打开的情况下内燃机总是停止。这尤其对于内燃机的再起动有意义，因为由于下降很强的发动机-飞轮质量、即保留在隔离离合器前面的第一飞轮质量将得到内燃机特别快的再起动。
在转矩传递装置的另一实施例中提出：借助用于存储或输出能量的储能装置使第三飞轮质量可相对扭转地配置给第二飞轮质量。有利地可根据双质量飞轮的原理来阻尼扭转振动。
在转矩传递装置的另一实施例中提出：借助隔离离合器使第三飞轮质量配置给第一飞轮质量并可与后者分离。有利地可在隔离离合器闭合时使第三飞轮质量作为第一飞轮质量的一部分起作用，例如保持内燃机的运转能力。由第三飞轮质量及第一飞轮质量得到的总飞轮质量通过储能装置可相对转动地配置给第二飞轮质量。有利地当隔离离合器闭合时得到一个按照双质量飞轮原理的扭转振动阻尼器。储能装置为了耦合，储能及阻尼扭转振动在第一飞轮质量、与其耦合的第三飞轮质量与第二飞轮质量之间设有至少一个或多个弓形弹簧。
在转矩传递装置的另一实施例中提出：电机的转子具有离心力摆装置。该离心力摆装置可有利地通过转子配置给第二飞轮质量及在转矩传递时减小扭转振动。
在转矩传递装置的另一实施例中提出：离心力摆装置被设置在第二飞轮质量的中间轴的径向外部。借助中间轴可传递所出现的转矩。有利地该离心力摆装置可尽可能远地布置在中间轴的径向外部，以使得作用在其上的离心力特别地大，由此将有利地得到离心力摆装置特别良好的功能。
在转矩传递装置的另一实施例中提出：在第二飞轮质量后面连接下列组中的至少一个部件：起动离合器，手动变速器、例如也可为自动化的，有级自动变速器，设有变换器的有级自动变速器，双离合器变速器，CVT变速器。起动离合器及隔离离合器可被作成一般的或自动补偿调节的离合器(SAC)。有利地可借助起动离合器以公知的方式方法来起动一个装备了转矩传递装置的机动车及可实现一个连接在后面的换挡变速器的挡位同步。有利地借助起动离合器及换挡变速器和/或双离合器变速器，有级自动变速器和/或设有变换器的有级自动变速器或CVT变速器可实现各种混合驱动布置。
在转矩传递装置的另一实施例中提出：离心力摆装置轴向上被设置在一个刚性飞轮、尤其起动离合器的反压板的附近。则可有利地利用一个在反压板附近的剩余结构空间。
在转矩传递装置的另一实施例中提出：离心力摆装置轴向上被设置在起动离合器与电机之间。有利地为了布置离心力摆装置可利用电机与起动离合器之间的轴向剩余空间。
本发明的其它优点、特征及细节可由以下的说明中得到，在该说明中参照附图详细地描述了一个实施例，其中相同、相似和/或功能相同的部件设有相同的标号。
附图说明
图1：设有一个电机的转矩传递装置的半截面图。
具体实施方式
图1表示设有一个第一飞轮质量及一个连接在第一飞轮质量后面的第二飞轮质量5的转矩传递装置1。第一飞轮质量3可无相对转动地、例如通过一个法兰9配置给在图1中借助标号7指示的内燃机7。对第一飞轮质量3配置了一个隔离离合器11。该隔离离合器11是第一飞轮质量3的一部分及具有使第一飞轮质量3与第三飞轮质量13无相对转动地连接的离合器片15及一个设计来压紧该离合器片的压板17。压板17或隔离离合器11可被设计成借助一个液压操作装置19进行液压操作。为了传递转矩第三飞轮质量13借助一个储能装置21可相对转动地配置给第二飞轮质量5。第三飞轮质量13为了包围储能装置21具有两个板金件23。借助板金件23可构成用于储能装置21的弓形弹簧27的油脂室25。第三飞轮质量13与第二飞轮质量5通过储能装置21的弓形弹簧27被弹簧阻尼地及可相对转动地相互配置。当隔离离合器11闭合的情况下得到一个在包括第一飞轮质量3与第三飞轮质量13的总飞轮质量与第二飞轮质量5之间的一个可振荡的系统。
第二飞轮质量5具有一个与储能装置21的弓形弹簧27形成配合的输出法兰29。为了传递转矩输出法兰29无相对转动地配置给第二飞轮质量5的一个套筒31。套筒31借助齿配合无相对转动地配置给第二飞轮质量的一个中间轴33。中间轴33借助内燃机7的曲轴39中的第一导向轴承37及借助第二中间轴轴承57来支承。中间轴33具有一个中间法兰35，该中间法兰使中间轴33与一个电机49的转子47、一个离心力摆装置51及一个起动离合器55的反压板53无相对转动地耦合。中间轴轴承57通过一个轴承板59固定地配置给转矩传递装置1的壳体63的一个壳体部分63。为此轴承板59借助一个螺丝65固定地配置给壳体63的壳体部分61。变速器输入轴43通过一个导向轴承41支承在中间轴33上。
轴承板59被作成分阶的并构成用于隔离离合器11，储能装置21及隔离离合器11的液压操作装置的一个部分壳体。在壳体63的轴承板59的阶台67的径向外部，即在隔离离合器11的部分壳体的外部布置着电机49的转子47。转子47的径向外部及壳体63的内部布置着电机49的一个激励装置69。
离心力摆装置51在轴向上被布置在电机49的转子47与起动离合器55的反压板53之间。轴向及径向的概念可与转矩传递装置1的旋转轴线71相关。在此情况下轴向可用来描述转矩传递装置1旋转轴线71的或与其平行的方向。离心力摆装置51被布置在电机49或电机49的转子47的附近及起动离合器55的反压板53的附近并被布置在中间轴33的径向外部。变换地也可考虑：离心力摆装置51直接地配置给转子47和/或中间轴33和/或起动离合器55的反压板53。
离心力摆装置51被设置在一个尽可能无油脂的室73中及包括多个摆质量75，77。摆质量75，77例如借助滑轮可运动地施加在离心力摆51的一个支承法兰79上。支承法兰79是中间法兰35的一部分并借助该中间法兰无相对转动地配置给中间轴33、即第二飞轮质量5。离心力摆装置51最好包括多个、例如四个摆质量75，77或摆质量对，它们均匀地分布在支承法兰79的圆周上。离心力摆装置51可如德国公开文献DE 10 2006 028 556A1中所公开的各种离心力摆装置那样地实施。但离心力摆装置51也可如其它传统的离心力摆装置那样地实施。
起动离合器55具有一个盖81及一个可借助分离器83操作的反压板85。借助起动离合器55能以公知的方式方法使转矩由中间轴33通过离合器片87，离合器从动盘89及离合器套筒91传递到变速器输入轴43或使变速器输入轴43与中间轴33分离。
当隔离离合器11打开及起动离合器55闭合的情况下电机49无相对转动地配置给变速器45，例如可用于装备了转矩传递装置1的机动车的驱动或制动、尤其是再生。
当隔离离合器11打开及起动离合器55打开的情况下不仅内燃机7而且电机49也完全与变速器45分离，即与机动车的其余驱动路径分离。该状态例如可被用于机动车的停止状态。隔离离合器11闭合及起动离合器55打开的情况也可以是机动车的停止状态，其中内燃机7可保持运行，以便例如进行借助起动离合器55控制或调节的起动过程。当内燃机7停机及机动车行驶的情况下可考虑：内燃机7借助起动离合器55的闭合来起动。
当隔离离合器11打开及起动离合器55闭合的情况下可以让内燃机7任意运行，尤其使其停机。有利地可借助隔离离合器11的闭合来起动内燃机7。该过程可借助电机49，第二飞轮质量5的旋转能量和/或借助处于运动中的机动车来支持。此外可考虑：在隔离离合器11闭合及起动离合器55打开的情况下借助电机49来起动内燃机7。另外可考虑，在该工作状态中借助内燃机7、例如在机动车停止时对机动车的一个未示出的电池或一个储能器、尤其一个电容器充电以存储电能。
借助储能装置21耦合的飞轮质量3，5，13可有利地根据双质量飞轮原理构成一个可振荡的系统及由此来阻尼旋转振动或实现内燃机7的振动的隔离。附加地借助离心力摆装置51可进行又一次振动隔离。离心力摆装置51的作用如一个消振器，它的刚性可有利地受到离心力的影响或由离心力产生。离心力摆装置51的固有频率可有利地正比于转速。这可有利地实现：通过离心力摆装置51的固有消振特性的相应整定来克服所选择的激励阶。通过离心力摆装置51的附加使用可取消或至少尽可能地取消为达到所需隔离的起动离合器55的滑动。
当用于如图1所示的混合驱动的情况下，离心力摆装置51可有利地被设置在起动离合器55的一个构成刚性飞轮的反压板53的前面。为此离心力摆装置51可连接在反压板53上、中间轴33上和/或电机49的转子47上。有利地可借助配置给第三飞轮质量13的储能装置21附加地实现基本隔离，其中第三飞轮质量13为隔离离合器11的一个离合器从动盘。
离心力摆装置51的附加质量有利地在隔离离合器11打开时不配置给内燃机7，由此使剩留的内燃机7的回转质量尽可能地小，这将允许内燃机7尽可能快地起动。内燃机7的待加速的惯性矩则可有利地减小。有利的是减小了初级惯性矩。该小的初级质量有利地实现了内燃机的小的再起动时间。第一飞轮质量3有利地构成了内燃机7的一个刚性的、惯性优化的飞轮。
通过附加隔离离合器11的装入可有利地实现用于机动运输工具的，尤其用于设有自动换挡和/或部分自动换挡的变速器、即所谓的“clutch-by-wire”的汽车的混合驱动。有利地可借助储能装置21及离心力摆装置51一起来满足所需的隔离要求。
通过一个装配在曲轴39上的刚性飞轮或第一飞轮质量3及固定其上的隔离离合器11将驱动隔离离合器11的离合器从动盘、即第三飞轮质量3。隔离离合器11能使内燃机7与变速器45分离。通过套筒31的齿部分使内燃机7的转矩经过中间轴33传递到起动离合器55上。在需要时附加地通过设有的电机49将另一转矩传递到起动离合器55。当隔离离合器打开时-这时内燃机7可停机，电机49可单独地驱动机动车。通过隔离离合器11的闭合可使在不同的行驶状态中停止的内燃机7通过电机49又被起动。中间轴33借助第一导向轴承37支承在曲轴39中及通过一个附加的支承或通过轴承板59并借助中间轴轴承57支承在壳体63的壳体部分61上。中间轴33设置在起动离合器55的初级侧并为第二飞轮质量5的一部分。起动离合器55可部分自动或全自动地被控制及可被作成一般的或自动补偿调节的离合器(SAC)。
隔离离合器11的分离器可被作成与壳体相固定。变速器输入轴43的支承可有利地通过中间轴33上的第二导向轴承41来实现。
离心力摆装置51既可装配在电机49的转子47上，中间轴33上和/或刚性飞轮或起动离合器55的反压板53的前面。变换地可考虑：作为起动离合器55中的阻尼器也可使用一个双质量飞轮或一个受阻尼的离合器从动盘。对于起动离合器55及隔离离合器1既可使用一般的离合器也可使用自动补偿调节的离合器(SAC)。隔离离合器11的操作也可借助固定在盖上的分离器来实现。有利地在使用一个设有或不设有变换器或设有一个后置双离合器变速器的后置有级自动变速器的情况下离心力摆装置51可被采用。
参考标号列表
Figure BPA00001329874500071
Figure BPA00001329874500081

Claims (10)

1.转矩传递装置(1)，设有：
可无相对转动地配置给内燃机(7)的第一飞轮质量(3)，
连接在第一飞轮质量(3)后面的并可配置给变速器(45)的第二飞轮质量(5)，
其特征在于：该第二飞轮质量(5)具有用于将可由电产生的转矩传递到该第二飞轮质量(5)上的电机(49)的转子(47)及用于减小扭转振动的离心力摆装置(51)。
2.根据上一权利要求的转矩传递装置，其特征在于：所述第一飞轮质量(3)及所述第二飞轮质量(5)可借助储能装置(21)彼此可相对扭转地配置或所述第一飞轮质量(3)及所述第二飞轮质量(5)借助储能装置(21)彼此可相对扭转地配置。
3.根据以上权利要求中任一项的转矩传递装置，其特征在于：在所述第一飞轮质量(3)与所述第二飞轮质量(5)之间连接了一个隔离离合器(11)。
4.根据以上权利要求中任一项的转矩传递装置，其特征在于：借助用于存储或输出能量的所述储能装置(21)对所述第二飞轮质量(5)可相对扭转地配置第三飞轮质量(13)。
5.根据以上权利要求中任一项的转矩传递装置，其特征在于：可借助所述隔离离合器(11)使所述第三飞轮质量(13)配置给所述第一飞轮质量(3)以及与所述第一飞轮质量分离。
6.根据以上权利要求中任一项的转矩传递装置，其特征在于：所述电机(49)的转子(47)具有所述离心力摆装置(51)。
7.根据以上权利要求中任一项的转矩传递装置，其特征在于：所述离心力摆装置(51)设置在所述第二飞轮质量(5)的中间轴(33)的径向外部。
8.根据以上权利要求中任一项的转矩传递装置，其特征在于：在所述第二飞轮质量(5)后面连接下列组中的至少一个部件：起动离合器(55)，换挡变速器，有级自动变速器，设有变换器的有级自动变速器，双离合器变速器，CVT变速器。
9.根据以上权利要求中任一项的转矩传递装置，其特征在于：所述离心力摆装置(51)与所述起动离合器(55)的一刚性飞轮、尤其一反压板(53)在轴向上相邻地设置。
10.根据以上权利要求中任一项的转矩传递装置，其特征在于：所述离心力摆装置(51)轴向上设置在所述起动离合器(55)与所述电机(49)之间。
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