CN102134206A - 一种卡巴拉汀的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种卡巴拉汀的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102134206A CN102134206A CN2010101017980A CN201010101798A CN102134206A CN 102134206 A CN102134206 A CN 102134206A CN 2010101017980 A CN2010101017980 A CN 2010101017980A CN 201010101798 A CN201010101798 A CN 201010101798A CN 102134206 A CN102134206 A CN 102134206A
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- Prior art keywords
- ethyl
- methyl
- sodium
- carbonate
- formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XSVMFMHYUFZWBK-NSHDSACASA-N Rivastigmine Chemical compound CCN(C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC([C@H](C)N(C)C)=C1 XSVMFMHYUFZWBK-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229960004136 rivastigmine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- -1 carbamate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000006203 ethylation Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000006200 ethylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical group [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;sodium Chemical group [Na].[H][H] XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000636 p-nitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(C)(C)C AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylpyridine Natural products CC1=CC=CN=C1C HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethane Chemical compound CCBr RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKDQKPLMQBXTNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-2h-pyridin-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)N1CC=CC=C1 OKDQKPLMQBXTNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VMOWKUTXPNPTEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C)C VMOWKUTXPNPTEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium amide Chemical compound [NH2-].[Na+] ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound [Li+].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012022 methylating agents Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OGFAWKRXZLGJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 OGFAWKRXZLGJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PHSPJQZRQAJPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-alpha-Methylhistamine Chemical compound CNCCC1=CN=CN1 PHSPJQZRQAJPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001266 acyl halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000102 alkali metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008046 alkali metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical group CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(=O)(=O)OCC DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940008406 diethyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- HVTICUPFWKNHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoethane Chemical compound CCI HVTICUPFWKNHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl orthoformate Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)OCC GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 15
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- LIWAQLJGPBVORC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylmethylamine Chemical compound CCNC LIWAQLJGPBVORC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- BTJIUGUIPKRLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 BTJIUGUIPKRLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 0 *O*(NCCC=*)=O Chemical compound *O*(NCCC=*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 102100033639 Acetylcholinesterase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010022752 Acetylcholinesterase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229940022698 acetylcholinesterase Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)OC(=O)OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LUJMEECXHPYQOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxyacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 LUJMEECXHPYQOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N donepezil Chemical compound O=C1C=2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=2CC1CC(CC1)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- GFAUNYMRSKVDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N formyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=O GFAUNYMRSKVDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDRTVPCFKSUHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;potassium Chemical compound [K].[H][H] BDRTVPCFKSUHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminophenol Chemical group NC1=CC=CC=C1O CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037259 Amyloid Plaque Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010053652 Butyrylcholinesterase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100032404 Cholinesterase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000003914 Cholinesterases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000322 Cholinesterases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000002004 Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010015742 Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical class OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010013710 Drug interaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000034826 Genetic Predisposition to Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OGODQRKRWMTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC.ClN Chemical compound NC.ClN OGODQRKRWMTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylcholine Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004373 acetylcholine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007098 aminolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940039856 aricept Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- YRIBGSCJIMXMPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyrylcholine Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C YRIBGSCJIMXMPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003710 cerebral cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940048961 cholinesterase Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物制备,具体涉及一种治疗阿尔茨海默症药物卡巴拉汀的制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济发展和人类社会老龄化的趋势,老年人口疾病的用药人群及用药金额与日俱增。早老性痴呆症,又称阿尔兹海默病(Alzheimer Disease,简称AD),是一种导致痴呆的中枢神经系统退行性疾病。神经病理学表明,AD的显著特征是皮层和皮层下大片区域神经元内的神经纤维缠结和胞外的神经炎斑,或呈老年性淀粉样蛋白沉积斑块。一些典型的AD表现出遗传的倾向,但大部分病例是散发性的,没有已知的确切病因。AD疾病已为常见老年人疾病,65岁以上老人中AD的患病率约为5%-15%。
卡巴拉汀是继他克林、安理申之后又一新的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和丁酰胆碱酯酶双重抑制剂,属氨基甲酸酯类化合物,原研厂家是瑞士诺华公司。该药无论口服或注射都很易进入中枢神经系统(CNS),可特异性地抑制脑乙酰胆碱及丁酰胆碱的降解,增加大脑皮质胆碱水平,从而改善阿尔茨海默症患者的认知功能障碍。由于卡巴拉汀对外周AChE的抑制作用轻微,减少了副作用,如肌肉痉挛和心血管反应的发生。
卡巴拉汀吸收快速而完全,代谢迅速而彻底,主要通过胆碱酯酶介导水解为去氨甲酰化降解产物,通过肾脏排泄。所给药物在24小时内排出超过90%,因此,长期应用不会在体内蓄积。卡巴拉汀不受肝微粒体P450酶系影响,它的代谢或清除几乎与肝组织无关,从而减少了在老年和身体衰弱的人群中发生药物相互作用的危险,在临床试验中,至今没有观察到肝毒性发生。
卡巴拉汀重酒石酸盐的化学名称为:(S)-N-乙基-N-甲基氨基甲酸3-[1-二甲基氨基]乙基苯基酯.(R,R)酒石酸盐,其结构式如下:
有关卡巴拉汀的合成方法已有多篇报道:
专利US2005096387报道的合成方法如下:
专利US2005096387报道了将氨基苯酚片段,三光气以及甲乙胺一锅煮的方法,但是收率较低;
专利CN101016257A报道了间羟基苯乙酮与N-甲基乙基氯甲酰胺先缩合,然后用二甲胺还原氨化的合成方法;
专利WO2005058804报道了间羟基苯乙酮与N-甲基乙基氯甲酰胺先缩合,然后硼氢化钠还原成醇,再转化为溴代物,然后二甲胺取代,DTTA拆分的合成方法;
专利WO2008037433A1报道了通过对硝基苯酚的碳酸酯,通过胺解来制备最终产物的方法;
专利US2008306280A1报道了通过羰基二咪唑(CDI)取代三光气的制备方法;
专利WO2008124969报道了一种甲胺氯甲酰胺与N,N-二甲基-2-甲基苄胺缩合,然后乙基化的合成方法;
但上述方法存在一些问缺陷,如:以甲乙胺为起始原料,存在操作纯化困难;有的使用有毒有害或条件苛刻的原料(如光气、三光气、硫酸二甲酯、碘甲烷等),带来环保和劳动保护的问题;而甲基乙基胺甲酰氯的制备方法操作困难,化学稳定性较差,收率极低,难以工业化等等。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服上述不足之处,研究设计一种合成路线短,无需使用有毒有害物质,易于操作,生产成本低的制备卡巴拉汀的方法。
本发明提供一种制备卡巴拉汀式I化合物的方法,由式II氨基甲酸酯化合物通过甲基化或乙基化,然后与式IV(S)-3-(N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)酚缩合制得。
其中,R为H、脂肪烃烷基,芳香基团、取代的芳香基团、芳杂环或取代的芳杂环基团,优选为甲基、乙基或4-硝基苯酚基团;R1为甲基或乙基,R2为乙基或甲基;但是,当R1为甲基时,R2为乙基;当R1为乙基时,R2为甲基。
本发明方法包括下列步骤:
式III氨基甲酸酯化合物与等摩尔的(S)-3-(N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)酚(式VI)催化反应制得卡巴拉汀游离胺(式I);反应温度为20℃-150℃,优选为50℃-150℃;其中,A为酸催化试剂,B为碱催化试剂;当R为脂肪基团时适用酸催化剂,R为芳香基团时适用碱催化剂。
所述酸催化试剂为三氯氧磷、三氯化磷、五氯化磷、三溴化磷或五溴化磷;
所述碱催化试剂为有机碱或无机碱的碱金属氢化物(钠氢、钾氢)、氢氧化物(氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化锂)、碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐(碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠)的一种或几种的混合物,或为有机胺类(三乙胺、二甲基异丙基胺、吡啶、二甲基吡啶、N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶、哌啶、吗啉、N-甲基吗啉)、胺的金属盐(氨基钠、二异丙基氨基锂、六甲基二硅氨基锂)或其组合物,或一种或多种有机碱或无机碱的组合物;
上述式IV(S)-3-(N、N-二甲基氨基乙基)酚可通过商业渠道购得,或是通过文献所示方法(华东师范大学学报自然科学版,1,2001,61-65;)制得。
其中,酸催化或碱催化条件的反应可以在有溶剂或无溶剂条件下进行。所述溶剂为二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙醚、四氢呋喃、异丙醚、叔丁基醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或1,4-二氧六环中的一种或多种溶剂的混合物,优选为无溶剂或1,4-二氧六环。
本发明还提供了式II的化合物及其制备方法;
由式V酰卤或式VI异氰酸酯反应制得;
其中,
R为H、脂肪烃烷基,芳香基团、取代的芳香基团、芳杂环或取代的芳杂环基团,优选为甲基、乙基或4-硝基苯基。
R1为甲基或乙基,X为F,Cl,Br,I;
式V酰卤或式VI异氰酸酯在等摩尔或过量(1.0-2.0当量)无机碱或有机碱的存在下,在-20℃-50℃下,与1.0-2.0摩尔的ROH(可直接用作溶剂)或RONa反应,所述R为H、脂肪烃烷基,芳香基团、取代的芳香基团、芳杂环或取代的芳杂环基团,优选为甲基、乙基或4-硝基苯基;制得式II氨基甲酸酯化合物R1为甲基或乙基;所述碱为金属氢化物:钠氢或钾氢、氢氧化物:氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠或氢氧化锂、碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐:碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠的一种或多种的混合物、或为有机胺类:三乙胺、二甲基异丙基胺、吡啶、二甲基吡啶、N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶、哌啶、吗啉或N-甲基吗啉、胺的金属盐:氨基钠、二异丙基氨基锂或六甲基二硅氨基锂或其组合物、或上述一种或多种有机碱或无机碱的组合物;
上述反应中,当RONa作为反应物时无需用碱。
本发明式II的化合物制备方法中,反应溶剂为甲醇或乙醇等直链醇类、水、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯甲烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙醚、四氢呋喃、异丙醚、叔丁基醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或1,4-二氧六环中的一种或多种溶剂的混合物,优选为甲醇或乙醇。
本发明又提供了一种式III化合物及其制备方法;
其中,
R1为甲基或乙基,R2为乙基或甲基(R1为甲基时R2为乙基;R1为乙基时R2为甲基;),R为直链或支链烷基、芳香基团或取代的芳香基团、芳杂基团或取代的芳杂基团;
式III化合物,由式II烷基化获得:
式II化合物(R1为甲基时)与1.0-2.0摩尔基化试剂(氯乙烷、溴乙烷、碘乙烷、硫酸二乙酯、碳酸二乙酯、原甲酸三乙酯)或式II化合物(R1为乙基时)与1.0-2.0摩尔的甲基化试剂(碘甲烷、硫酸二甲酯、碳酸二甲酯、原甲酸三甲酯)在碱存在条件下,-20℃-50℃反应,制得式III化合物。
所述碱为醇和胺的金属盐(甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾)、金属氢化物(钠氢、钾氢)、金属氧化物(氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化锂)、碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐(碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠),优选为钠氢或碳酸钾;
本发明式III化合物制备方法中,反应溶剂为二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯甲烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙醚、四氢呋喃、异丙醚、叔丁基醚、甲基叔丁基醚、苯甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或1,4-二氧六环中的一种或两种以上溶剂的混合物,优选为四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环。
本发明提供的卡巴拉汀的新合成方法,删除了现有技术甲乙胺、甲基乙基胺和甲酰氯等难以操作,收率不高的步骤,并且无需使用有毒有害物质,操作简便,生产成本低,合成路线短,有很大的工业生产应用价值。
具体实施方式
本发明通过以下实施例进一步说明,以下实施例仅用于更具体说明本发明的优选实施方式,不用于对本发明的技术方案进行限定。上述本发明的技术方案均为可实现本发明目的的技术方案。即以下实施例所采用的温度和试剂,均可用上文所述相应温度和试剂替代以实现本发明之目的。
试剂中所用溶剂和试剂,除非特别标明,均由中国国药集团上海化学试剂有限公司及莱盈试剂有限公司生产;核磁共振在Varian Mercury 300仪器上完成,所有谱图数据与期望结构相一致。
实施例1:
R1为甲基的式II化合物(N-甲基O-甲基氨基甲酸酯)的制备
式IV化合物9.25克缓缓加入到预先用冰水浴冷却至0-5℃的无水甲醇20毫升中,加完后继续搅拌0.5小时,撤去冰水浴,在25℃下继续搅拌0.5小时,蒸去溶剂,用水洗,120℃下真空干燥5小时,即得标题产物7.0克,收率:80%。
H1NMR(CD3OD):2.90-2.91(d,3H);3.67(s,3H);
实施例2
R1为甲基的式II化合物(N-甲基O-甲基氨基甲酸酯)的制备
金属钠2.53克和无水甲醇20毫升用常规方法制备甲醇钠完毕,用冰水浴冷却至0-5℃,缓缓加入式IV化合物9.25克,加完后继续搅拌0.5小时,撤去冰水浴,在25℃下继续搅拌0.5小时,过滤,蒸去溶剂,用水洗,120℃下真空干燥5小时,即得标题产物8.0克,收率:90.9%。
实施例3:
R1为甲基,R为对硝基苯基的式II化合物(N-甲基O-4-硝基苯基氨基甲酸酯)的制备
13.9克对硝基苯酚,溶于50毫升无水四氢呋喃中,冰水浴冷却至0-5℃,加入60%的钠氢4.8克,加完后继续搅拌0.5小时,Ar气保护下,式IV化合物9.25克缓缓加入,继续搅拌过夜,将反应物倒入50克冰水中,过滤,得淡黄色粉末状标题产物1.4克,收率72%;
H1NMR(CDCl3):2.91-2.92(d,3H);5.08(s,1H);7.28-7.31(d,2H);8.21-8.24(d,2H);
实施例4
R1为甲基,R为对硝基苯基的式II化合物(N-甲基O-4-硝基苯基氨基甲酸酯)的制备
25℃下,13.9克对硝基苯酚和式IV化合物9.25克加到30毫升吡啶中,加完后继续搅拌0.5小时,加热升温至50-60℃,反应过夜,将反应物倒入50克冰水中,过滤,得淡黄色粉末状标题产物1.67克,收率85%;
实施例5
R1、R为甲基,R2为乙基的式II化合物(N,O-二甲基-N-乙基氨基甲酸酯)的制备
式II化合物(N-甲基O-甲基氨基甲酸酯)8.9克溶于四氢呋喃50毫升中,冰水浴冷却至0-5℃,加入钠氢12克,加完后继续搅拌0.5-1小时,滴加10.9克的溴乙烷,滴加完后继续搅拌0.5小时,撤去冰水浴,在25℃下继续搅拌2小时,蒸去溶剂,将反应物倒入冰水中,过滤,得标题产物8.2克,收率:70%
H1NMR(CDCl3):1.13-1.21(q,3H);2.97-3.04(d,3H);3.32-3.42(q,2H);3.55(s,3H)
实施例6
R1为甲基,R2为乙基,R为对硝基苯基的式II化合物(N-甲基-N-乙基-O-对硝基苯基氨基甲酸酯)的制备
式II化合物(N-甲基-N-甲基-O-4-硝基苯基氨基甲酸酯)1.96克溶于四氢呋喃50毫升中,冰水浴冷却至0-5℃,加入钠氢12克,加完后继续搅拌0.5-1小时,滴加10.9克的溴乙烷,加完后继续搅拌0.5小时,撤去冰水浴,在25℃下继续搅拌2小时,蒸去溶剂,将反应物倒入50克冰水,过滤,得标题产物1.8克,收率:80%
H1NMR(CDCl3):1.17-1.26(q,3H);3.00-3.07(d,3H);3.37-3.48(q,2H);7.26-7.31(dd,2H,J=3.27);8.22-8.25(d,2H);
实施例7
卡巴拉汀的制备
将式III化合物1.3克(R1为甲基,R2为乙基,R为甲基)和式IV合物1.6克加入到三氯氧磷20毫升克中,加热至150℃,加热5小时后,取样,TLC跟踪,至式VI化合物点消失,加入100克冰水和100毫升乙酸乙酯;分层,弃水层,油层先后用20%的氢氧化钠溶液洗,水洗。无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,蒸除溶剂后得到淡黄色液体1.2克卡巴拉汀,收率47%;
H1NMR(CDCl3):1.13-1.23(m,3H),1.13-1.34(d,3H),2.17(s,6H),2.96-3.03(d,3H),3.20-3.22(m,1H),3.39-3.45(m,2H),6.97-7.10(m,3H),7.23-7.26(m,1H)
实施例8
卡巴拉汀的制备
将式III化合物(R1为甲基、R2为乙基、R为对硝基苯基)2.2克和式IV化合物1.6克加入到二氧六环20毫升中,加热至120℃,保温24小时,取样,TLC跟踪,至式VI化合物点消失,蒸除溶剂,加入100克冰水和100毫升乙酸乙酯;分层,弃水层,油层先后用20%的氢氧化钠溶液洗,水洗。无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,蒸除溶剂,得到淡黄色液体1.9克卡巴拉汀,收率76%;
H1NMR(CDCl3):1.13-1.23(m,3H),1.13-1.34(d,3H),2.17(s,6H),2.96-3.03(d,3H),3.20-3.22(m,1H),3.39-3.45(m,2H),6.97-7.10(m,3H),7.23-7.26(m,1H)。
Claims (6)
1.一种制备卡巴拉汀的方法,其特征在于该方法包括下列步骤:
在有溶剂或无溶剂条件下,式III氨基甲酸酯化合物与等摩尔的(S)-3-(N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)酚VI催化反应制得卡巴拉汀I;反应温度为20℃-150℃,;所述A为酸催化试剂,B为碱催化试剂,其条件是当R为脂肪基团时用酸催化剂A,R为芳香基团时用碱催化剂B;所述酸催化试剂A为三氯氧磷、三氯化磷、五氯化磷、三溴化磷或五溴化磷;所述碱催化试剂B为碱金属氢化物、氢氧化物、碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐的一种或几种的混合物,或为有机胺类、胺的金属盐或其一种或几种的组合物,或一种或多种有机碱或无机碱的组合物;所述溶剂为二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙醚、四氢呋喃、异丙醚、叔丁基醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或1,4-二氧六环中的一种或多种溶剂的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种制备卡巴拉汀的方法,其特征在于所述反应温度为50℃-150℃;碱催化试剂B为钠氢、钾氢、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化锂;或为碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸氢钾或碳酸氢钠的一种或几种的混合物,或为三乙胺、二甲基异丙基胺、吡啶、二甲基吡啶、N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶、哌啶、吗啉或N-甲基吗啉、或为氨基钠、二异丙基氨基锂或六甲基二硅氨基锂的一种或几种的组合物;反应为无溶剂或溶剂为1,4-二氧六环。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种制备卡巴拉汀的方法,其特征在于所述式II化合物由下列方法制备:
其中,
R为H、脂肪烃烷基,芳香基团、取代的芳香基团、芳杂环或取代的芳杂环基团,优选为甲基、乙基或4-硝基苯基。
R1为甲基或乙基,X为F,Cl,Br,I;
式V酰卤或式VI异氰酸酯在1.0-2.0当量无机碱或有机碱的存在下,在-20℃-50℃下,与1.0-2.0摩尔的ROH或RONa反应,所述R为H、脂肪烃烷基,芳香基团、取代的芳香基团、芳杂环或取代的芳杂环基团,优选为甲基、乙基或4-硝基苯基,制得式II氨基甲酸酯化合物;所述无机碱或有机碱为金属氢化物、金属氢氧化物、碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、有机胺类或胺的金属盐的一种或多种的组合物;反应溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、水、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯甲烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙醚、四氢呋喃、异丙醚、叔丁基醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或1,4-二氧六环中的一种或多种溶剂的混合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于所述无机碱或有机碱为钠氢、钾氢,氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化锂、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠、三乙胺、二甲基异丙基胺、吡啶、二甲基吡啶、N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶、哌啶、吗啉、N-甲基吗啉、氨基钠、二异丙基氨基锂或六甲基二硅氨基锂的一种或多种的组合物;反应溶剂为甲醇或乙醇。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种制备卡巴拉汀的方法,其特征在于所述式III化合物由下列方法制备:
其中,
R1为甲基或乙基,R2为乙基或甲基;当R1为甲基时R2为乙基;R1为乙基时R2为甲基;R为直链或支链烷基、芳香基团或取代的芳香基团、芳杂基团或取代的芳杂基团;
在碱存在下,-20℃-50℃下,当R1为甲基时,式II化合物与1.0-2.0摩尔的乙基化试剂反应;或当R1为乙基时,式II化合物与1.0-2.0摩尔的甲基化试剂反应;所述乙基化试剂为氯乙烷、溴乙烷、碘乙烷、硫酸二乙酯、碳酸二乙酯或原甲酸三乙酯;甲基化试剂为碘甲烷、硫酸二甲酯、碳酸二甲酯或原甲酸三甲酯制得式III化合物,所述碱为甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、钠氢、钾氢、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化锂、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸氢钾或碳酸氢钠;反应溶剂为二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯甲烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙醚、四氢呋喃、异丙醚、叔丁基醚、甲基叔丁基醚、苯甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或1,4-二氧六环中的一种或两种以上溶剂的混合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于所述碱为钠氢或碳酸钾;反应溶剂为四氢呋喃、四氢呋喃或1,4-二氧六环。
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