CN102124203A - 用于供给内燃机动力燃料的装置 - Google Patents

用于供给内燃机动力燃料的装置 Download PDF

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CN102124203A
CN102124203A CN2009801321721A CN200980132172A CN102124203A CN 102124203 A CN102124203 A CN 102124203A CN 2009801321721 A CN2009801321721 A CN 2009801321721A CN 200980132172 A CN200980132172 A CN 200980132172A CN 102124203 A CN102124203 A CN 102124203A
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closure member
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F·伯金
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
    • F02M69/52—Arrangement of fuel metering devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/34—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by throttling of passages to pumping elements or of overflow passages, e.g. throttling by means of a pressure-controlled sliding valve having liquid stop or abutment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/004—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/004—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing
    • F02M63/0042—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing combined with valve seats of the lift valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0047—Four-way valves or valves with more than four ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0049—Combined valve units, e.g. for controlling pumping chamber and injection valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0059—Arrangements of valve actuators
    • F02M63/0061—Single actuator acting on two or more valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
    • F02M69/54—Arrangement of fuel pressure regulators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

用于对内燃机供给动力燃料的装置，包括：一个燃料存储器(1)及一个高压泵(2)，它们通过抽吸管路(3)连接；一个计量阀(4)，它起到改变所述抽吸管路(3)的通流横截面的作用；一个用于接收被加载高压的燃料的轨(5)及一个用于调节所述轨(5)中压力的压力调节阀(6)。所述计量阀(4)及所述压力调节阀(6)被组合在一个共同的壳体(7)中及具有相反的打开方向。所述计量阀(4)与所述压力调节阀(6)具有关闭件(4.1，6.1)，这些关闭件相互刚性地连接及可在一个一致的运动轴线(14)上移动。

Description

用于供给内燃机动力燃料的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及根据权利要求1的类型的装置。
背景技术
这种装置已由DE 102 47 564 A1公开。在该装置中燃料借助一个燃料泵通过计量单元根据需要计量后输送给抽吸阀，其中燃料在高压泵中被压缩至1600巴的压力上及通过一个高压阀存储到一个高压存储器、即所谓的“轨”中，在该轨上连接着内燃机的喷射器。这些喷射器使工作所需的燃料实际喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中。
内燃机与转速相关地需要不同大小的燃料量。为了在所有工作状态中在轨中可提供足够的燃料量，高压泵基于所属内燃机的最大可能的需要量来设计。但这导致一个缺点，即在部分负载的区域上将不需要的大燃料量输送到轨中及通过一个过压阀导回到燃料存储器中，这在能耗上是不太令人满意的。为了避免这个缺点，借助计量单元根据相应的需要量对输送给高压泵的燃料量进行计量。过压阀及计量阀是相互无关的分开的功能单元。这增加了风险，即在轨中出现过压；及可在轨上、连接管路上和或计量单元上出现由压力引起的机械损坏。
发明内容
根据本发明的具有根据权利要求1的特征的装置具有其优点，即压力调节阀及计量阀不再需要作为独立的、相互无关的功能单元，而是在其功能上相互支持。因此整个功能单元特别的牢固及工作更可靠。由此能可靠地避免轨、管路及计量单元的区域中的损坏。
在从属权利要求中给出了根据本发明的装置的有利结构及进一步的构型。
根据权利要求2的构型具有其优点，即两个阀在其功能上不能有不利的影响及至少至一个阀上在关闭状态下可保证绝对密封。
根据权利要求3及4的构型具有特别好的耐久性及耐磨损性。
根据权利要求5的构型具有其优点，即活塞在缸中可转动，而不会产生工作可靠性的改变。这大大地简化了组装。
根据权利要求6的构型描述了一个结构，其中一个T形截面的活塞被接收在一个与其适配的T形截面的缸中，其中当活塞在缸中在纵向上移动时，空槽作为环形圆柱体张开。当相对移动的量减小时，空槽在相同方向上缩小。该结构形式可特别简单地被制造及组装。
当缸及活塞在整个长度上具有一致的横截面时，则根据权利要求7空槽由一个环形槽构成及活塞可能由一个附加孔横向地穿过，可实现类似的功能。
当根据权利要求8关闭件通过一个推杆连接时，可最简单地在计量阀与压力调节阀的关闭件之间产生刚性连接。
根据权利要求9的构型可任意地很精确地控制及由此很精确地及最佳地控制内燃机的燃料供给。
根据权利要求10的构型则提供了一个优点，即环形电磁铁仅需在一个方向上起作用。由此显著地简化了精确的控制。
附图说明
在附图中表示出本发明的多个实施例及在以下的说明中将详细地描述它们。附图表示：
图1：根据本发明的装置的一个基本结构，
图2：图1中的一个区段，其中计量阀的活塞被一个环形槽包围，该环形槽与插吸管路的出口形成重合，
图3：图1中的一个区段，其中活塞及接收它的缸具有一个分阶台缩小的横截面，其中得到一个包围活塞的圆柱形室，当活塞相对缸在纵向上移动时，该圆柱形室可与插吸管路的出口形成重合。
具体实施方式
在附图中相一致的标号表示功能上相一致的对象。
图1中所示的装置用于对内燃机供给动力燃料。它包括通过一个抽吸管路3相互连接的燃料存储器1和高压泵2，一个引起抽吸管路3的通流横截面改变的计量阀4，一个用于接收高压加载的燃料的轨5及一个用于调节轨5中压力的压力调节阀6。
计量阀4及压力调节阀6被组合在一个共同的壳体7中及具有相反的打开方向，其中计量阀4及压力调节阀6具有关闭件4.1，6.1，它们相互刚性地连接及仅可在一致的运动轴线14上相同取向地并共同地移动。仅是一个关闭件6.1、即压力调节阀6的关闭件可直接靠放在一个阀座6.2上，而另一关闭件则被构成无止挡的移动件4.2。这两个阀的特征在于特别良好的工作可靠性。
压力调节阀6的可压紧在阀座6.2上的关闭件6.1为一个球珠。因此它可非常简单地制造及具有特别高的耐磨损性及工作可靠性。压力调节阀6的通流率将通过球珠与所属阀座6.2的相应距离来确定。
计量阀4的移动件4.2通过一个接收在壳体7的一个通道中的、可在纵向上移动的活塞构成，其中壳体7在活塞的纵向延伸长度内被一个横向孔7.1横向地穿过及其中活塞可用一个控制边缘4.3密封地移动到横向孔7.1的通道侧入口的前面。根据活塞的控制边缘4.3在通道侧入口前面的相应位置可改变其通流横截面及由此同时改变抽吸管路3的通流横截面。
为了打开横向孔7.1，活塞设有至少一个空槽，该空槽可与横向孔7.1的通道侧入口形成重合。在此情况下控制边缘4.3由一个边缘构成，在该边缘上横向孔与活塞的表面相互邻接。
图2表示第一结构形式，其中为了构成空槽，活塞由一个径向上向外张开的环形槽4.4包围和/或由一个可与横向孔7.1形成重合的附加孔穿过。在此情况下控制边缘4.3由一个限定活塞表面的圆环面构成。
图3表示第二结构形式，其中控制边缘4.3在径向外侧限定了活塞的第一圆环面，该圆环面被设置在一个大横截面的活塞的第一轴向区域与一个阶台地缩小的横截面的活塞的第二轴向区域之间，其中通道具有两个轴向区域，这些轴向区域在横截面的分级上适配于活塞的构型及通过第二圆环面7.2分开，及当活塞与通道的圆环面在纵向上相互具有一个距离L时，其中空槽通过活塞与通道之间的环形室4.5来构成。
在根据图1的结构形式中，关闭件4.1，6.1通过一个推杆10刚性地机械连接。这就节省了一个专门的调整装置。推杆10环绕着一个磁线圈11及带有一个铁作的衔铁12，该衔铁被布置在磁线圈11的磁场中。磁线圈11通过一个电缆15被施加电压及被操作。
推杆10及衔铁12被孔15穿过，以便减小惯性质量及当功能单元的空腔总地被燃料注满时改善运动性能。这是合乎要求的，因为可避免对相对运动的部件的密封问题。可通过计算机控制实现的电磁铁的电流施加将导致衔铁12与磁线圈11之间的距离的改变，这可被利用来：根据需要有目的地改变压力调节阀6及计量阀4的通流率。在根据图1的结构形式中磁线圈11有效地抵抗一个作用在移动件4.2和/或推杆10上的压力弹簧13的力。当磁线圈11未通电时压力弹簧引起压力调节阀6的关闭件6.1压紧在其阀座上及引起抽吸管路3的计量阀4可提供的总通流横截面的打开。由此高压泵2将以最大可能的量供给燃料及轨5很快地被注满燃料，在该轨中燃料具有为供给所连接的内燃机的必要的压力。如果达到该压力，则通过电磁铁进行一个控制，该控制在于：同时地使压力调节阀以需要的量打开及使计量阀关闭。高压泵将输送相应降低的燃料量，将其存储在轨中及以相应减小的容量导出。减压管路的横截面被这样地定尺寸，使得高压泵3的最大输送容量在需要时可全部通过该减压管路导回到燃料存储器2中。因此不用再担心由于过压引起的损坏。由此在高压泵2的最小驱动功率时在轨中始终具有对于所连接的内燃机的所有转速的工作必需的恒定压力。

Claims (10)

1.用于对内燃机供给动力燃料的装置，包括：一个燃料存储器(1)及一个高压泵(2)，它们通过抽吸管路(3)连接；一个计量阀(4)，它起到改变所述抽吸管路(3)的通流横截面的作用；一个用于接收被加载高压的燃料的轨(5)及一个用于调节所述轨(5)中压力的压力调节阀(6)，其特征在于：所述计量阀(4)及所述压力调节阀(6)被组合在一个共同的壳体(7)中及具有相反的打开方向，所述计量阀(4)与所述压力调节阀(6)具有关闭件(4.1，6.1)，这些关闭件相互刚性地连接及可在一个一致的运动轴线(14)上移动。
2.根据权利要求1的装置，其特征在于：所述关闭件中的仅一个关闭件(6.1)可置靠在阀座(6.2)上，另一个关闭件被构成无止挡的移动件(4.2)。
3.根据权利要求2的装置，其特征在于：所述可压紧在所述阀座(6.2)上的关闭件(6.1)是一个球珠。
4.根据权利要求2的装置，其特征在于：所述移动件(4.2)由一个被接收在所述壳体(7)的通道中的、可在纵向上移动的活塞构成，所述壳体(7)在所述活塞的纵向延伸内被一个横向孔(7.1)横向地穿过，所述活塞可用一个控制边缘(4.3)密封地移动到所述横向孔(7.1)的通道侧的排出口的前面。
5.根据权利要求4的装置，其特征在于：所述控制边缘(4.3)限定所述活塞的一个径向上向外张开的环形槽(4.4)及按照一个圆环面的形式完全包围所述活塞。
6.根据权利要求4的装置，其特征在于：所述控制边缘(4.3)在径向外侧限定了所述活塞的一个第一圆环面，该第一圆环面被设置在所述活塞的一个较大横截面的第一轴向区域与一个阶台地缩小的横截面的第二轴向区域之间，所述通道具有两个轴向区域，这些轴向区域在横截面的分级方面适配于所述活塞的构型及通过一个第二圆环面(7.2)分开，所述空槽由所述活塞与所述通道之间的环形空间(4.5)构成，当所述活塞的与所述通道的圆环面(4.3，7.2)在纵向上相互具有一个距离L时得到该环形空间。
7.根据权利要求5的装置，其特征在于：为了构成所述空槽，所述活塞被一个环形槽(4.4)包围和/或被一个可与所述横向孔(7.1)形成重合的附加孔横向地穿过。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项的装置，其特征在于：所述关闭件(4.1，6.1)通过一个推杆(10)刚性地连接。
9.根据权利要求8的装置，其特征在于：所述推杆(10)包围一个磁线圈(11)及载有一个衔铁(12)，该衔铁被布置在所述磁线圈(11)的磁场中。
10.根据权利要求9的装置，其特征在于：所述磁线圈(11)有效地抵抗一个作用在所述移动件(4.2)和/或所述推杆(10)上的压力弹簧(13)的力。
CN2009801321721A 2008-08-20 2009-07-06 用于供给内燃机动力燃料的装置 Expired - Fee Related CN102124203B (zh)

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