CN102047692B - 用于骨骼传导器件的备选质量体布置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种骨骼传导器件，包括：变换器；声音输入元件，配置成接收声学声音信号；多个功能性部件，其中至少一个功能性部件为配置成生成代表所述声学声音信号的电信号的电子器件模块；并且其中所述多个功能性部件中的一个或者多个功能部件附着到所述变换器，其中所述变换器被配置成利用所述电信号以生成附着到所述变换器的所述一个或者多个功能性部件的运动，并且其中所述一个或者多个功能性部件的所述运动造成向受体的颅骨递送力。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是于2009年3月30日提交的第PCT/AU2009/000367号国际申请的国家阶段申请，该国际申请要求对均通过引用结合于此的、提交于2008年3月31日的美国临时专利申请61/041,185和提交于2008年7月3日的美国实用新型申请US 12/167,668的优先权。
技术领域
本发明主要地涉及弥补性(prosthetic)听力器件并且具体地涉及用于骨骼传导器件的备选质量体布置。
背景技术
有三种基本类型的听力损失：感觉神经性、传导性和混合型听力损失。感觉神经性听力损失归因于内耳或者从内耳到脑部的神经路径受损。大多数人类感觉神经性听力损失由耳蜗中的听毛细胞异常或者受损所引起。耳蜗中的听毛细胞是将声音转变成神经冲激的感觉感受器。声学助听器可以适用于遭受轻度到中度感觉神经性听力损失的人士。在严重或者完全感觉神经性听力损失的情况下，耳蜗植入可以是适当选择。耳蜗植入绕过耳蜗中的听毛细胞并且通过植入于耳蜗中的电极阵列来直接刺激耳蜗中的听觉神经纤维。对听觉神经纤维的刺激在受体中产生听感。
当从外耳或者中耳向内耳的声音传导有问题时出现传导性听力损失。这一类听力损失可能由阻碍向耳蜗传导声音的中耳中的三根听小骨的运动的任何原因引起。它也可能由耳鼓无法响应于中耳中的声音或者流体而进行振动所引起。可以通过声学助听器、中耳植入等来治疗传导性听力损失。
还有其他个人遭受混合型听力损失，也就是与感觉神经性听力相结合的传导性听力损失。换而言之，可能在外耳或者中耳和内耳(耳蜗)或者听觉神经中均有损伤。
尽管遭受传导性听力损失的许多个人常用声学助听器，但是这样的助听器可能并不适用于所有个人，例如遭受慢性耳部感染或者单侧耳聋的人士。一种备选治疗是使用骨骼传导助听器或者简单地使用这里的传导器件。
骨骼传导助听器利用个人颅骨的骨骼来向耳蜗发送声学信号。一般而言，多数骨骼传导助听器通过将接收到的声音信号转换成机械振动来工作。然后向颅骨的骨骼结构传送这一振动。这一颅骨振动造成耳蜗的流体的运动，由此刺激耳蜗听毛细胞并且在受体中引起声音感知。
骨骼传导器件可以经由外部桥基附着到在受体的骨骼中植入的钛植入体。通过外科手术将钛植入体植入到颅骨骨骼的位于耳后的部分中并且允许钛植入体随着时间的推移自然地与颅骨骨骼相整合。骨骼传导器件经由外部桥基耦合到钛植入体。然后通过外部桥基和钛植入体向颅骨传输来自骨骼传导器件的机械振动从而刺激受体内耳的神经纤维。
一些骨骼传导器件一般具有臃肿的外形，因为在器件内有大量部件，而各部件又占用了大量空间和位置。具有臃肿外形的骨骼传导器件可能影响受体的日常行为或是使用，因为附着到受体头部或者其它身体部分的臃肿器件可能干扰受体的移动或者活动。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面提供一种配置成由受体佩戴的骨骼传导器件。该器件包括：变换器；声音输入元件，配置成接收声学声音信号；多个功能性部件，其中至少一个功能性部件为配置成生成代表所述声学声音信号的电信号的电子器件模块，并且其中所述多个功能性部件中的一个或者多个功能性部件附着到所述变换器；其中所述变换器被配置成利用所述电信号以生成附着到所述变换器的所述一个或者多个功能性部件的运动，并且其中所述一个或者多个功能性部件的所述运动造成向所述受体的颅骨递送力，以基于所述电信号来生成质量体部件的运动以便生成一个或者多个机械力，这些机械力造成受体的颅骨运动和/或移动由此引起声音感知，其中所述质量体部件包括所述一个或者多个功能性部件中的至少一个功能性部件。
本发明的另一方面提供一种用于利用由受体佩戴的骨骼传导器件在接受者中生成听力感知的方法，其中所述器件包括声音输入元件、变换器，并且其中所述多个功能性部件中的一个或者多个功能性部件附着到所述变换器。所述方法包括：利用声音输入元件来接收声学声音信号；利用所述电子器件模块来生成代表所述声学声音信号的电信号；向所述变换器提供所述电信号；并且生成附着到所述变换器的所述一个或者多个功能性部件的运动，其中所述一个或者多个功能性部件的所述运动造成向受体的颅骨递送力。
附图说明
此处参照以下附图描述本发明的示例性实施方式：
图1是在受体耳后植入的骨骼传导器件的透视图；
图2A是例如图1骨骼传导器件的骨骼传导器件的高级功能框图；
图2B是图2A中所示骨骼传导器件的详细功能框图；
图3是根据本发明实施方式的骨骼传导器件的一个实施方式的分解图；
图4是图示了根据本发明实施方式的将输入声音转换成颅骨振动的流程图；
图5是其中远离电池放置变换器的骨骼传导器件的部件的横截面图；
图6是根据本发明实施方式的骨骼传导器件的部件的横截面图；
图7是根据本发明实施方式的骨骼传导器件的部件的横截面图；
图8A是根据本发明实施方式的骨骼传导器件的部件的横截面图；并且
图8B是根据本发明实施方式的骨骼传导器件的部件的横截面图。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施方式主要地涉及一种用于将接收到的声学声音信号转换成经由受体的颅骨向受体的听力器官递送的机械力的骨骼传导器件。骨骼传导器件接收声学声音信号并且生成代表声学声音信号的电信号。骨骼传导器件包括如下变换器，该变换器将电信号转换成质量体的运动以便生成一个或者多个机械力，这些机械力造成受体的颅骨的一个或者多个运动和/或振动从而引起受体对所述声学信号的感知。
在本发明的某些实施方式中，变换器具有附着到其上的功能性部件而不是具有安装到其上的专用质量体，该功能性部件除了执行它自己的功能之外还由变换器用来生成机械力。在一些实施方式中，除了充当备选质量体的功能性部件之外，还可以向变换器或者备选质量体安装补充质量体。
在本发明的其它实施方式中，专用质量体或者充当质量体的功能性部件可以例如基于所需机械力、受体特性和/或具体受体的需要而形成为许多不同尺寸、形状和配置中的任一种。在本发明的一个这样的实施方式中，质量体可以形成为两个双侧延伸件。在本发明的更多实施方式中，成对的附加专用质量体或者功能性部件可以耦合到双侧延伸件的外端，所述双侧延伸件的中心固定到变换器。
在本发明的各种实施方式中，变换器可以包括响应于向其施加的电信号而变形的压电元件，由此生成机械力或者振动，这些机械力或者振动被传送到受体的颅骨以产生代表声学声音信号的机械力的骨骼传导。压电元件响应于施加的电信号的变形量取决于元件的材料性质、电场相对于元件的极化方向的定向、元件的几何形状等。
图1是本发明的实施方式可以有利地实施于其中的骨骼传导器件100的实施方式的透视图。在功能健全的人类听力解剖中，外耳101包括耳廓105和耳道106。声波或者声压107由耳廓105进行收集以及取道进入并且通过耳道106。响应于声波107而振动的鼓膜104位于耳道106的整个远端。这一振动通过中耳102的三根骨骼耦合到卵形窗或者卵圆窗110，这些骨骼统称为听小骨111并且包括锤骨112、砧骨113和镫骨114。中耳102的骨骼112、113和114用于过滤和放大声波107从而使卵形窗110环接或者振动。这样的振动在耳蜗115内建立流体运动波。这样的流体运动又触动耳蜗115以内成行的微小听毛细胞(未示出)。对听毛细胞的触动引起通过螺旋神经节细胞和听觉神经116向脑部(未示出)传送适当的神经冲激，在脑部将它们感知为声音。
图1也图示了骨骼传导器件100相对于器件100的受体的外耳101、中耳102和内耳103而言的定位。如图所示，骨骼传导器件100可以定位于受体的外耳101后面。在图1中所示实施方式中，骨骼传导器件100包括壳体125，该壳体具有定位于其中或者其上的麦克风(未示出)。壳体125经由耦合140和锚系统(未示出)耦合到受体的身体。如下文所述，骨骼传导器件100可以包括声音处理器、变换器、变换器驱动部件和/或各种其它电子电路/器件。根据本发明的实施方式，锚系统(未示出)可以植入于受体中。如下文所述，锚系统可以固定到骨骼136并且可以从骨骼136延伸通过肌肉134、脂肪128和皮肤132，从而使耦合140可以耦合到锚系统。
在图2A中示出了被称为骨骼传导器件200的骨骼传导100的一个实施方式的功能框图。在所示实施方式中，声音207由声音输入元件202接收。在一些实施方式中，声音输入元件202是配置成接收声音207并且将声音207转换成电信号222的麦克风。如下文所述，在其它实施方式中，声音207可以由声音输入元件202作为电信号而接收。
如图2A中所示，电信号222由声音输入元件202向电子器件模块204输出。电子器件模块204被配置成将电信号222转换成经调节的电信号224。如下文更详细所述，电子器件模块204可以包括声音处理器、控制电子器件、变换器驱动部件和多种其它元件。
如图2A中所示，变换器206接收经调节的电信号224并且生成经由耦合到骨骼传导器件200的、在图2中表示为锚系统208的耦合140向受体的颅骨递送的机械输出力。对这一输出力的递送引起受体的颅骨的运动和/或振动，由此经由耳蜗流体运动触动耳蜗中的听毛细胞。
图2A也图示了功率模块210。功率模块210向骨骼传导器件200的一个或者多个部件提供电功率。为了便于图示，已经示出功率模块210仅连接到接口模块212和电子器件模块204。然而应当理解，功率模块210可以用来向骨骼传导器件200的任何电供能的电路/部件供应功率。
骨骼传导器件200还包括允许受体与器件200交互的接口模块212。例如，接口模块212可以允许受体调节音量、更改语音处理策略、开启/关断器件等。接口模块212经由信号线228与电子器件模块204进行通信。
在图2A所示的实施方式中，声音拾取器件202、电子器件模块204、变换器206、功率模块210和接口模块212都已经表示为集成于称为壳体225的单个壳体中。然而应当理解，在本发明的某些实施方式中，一个或者多个所示部件可以容纳于单独或者不同的壳体中。类似地，也应当理解，在这样的实施方式中，在各种模块与器件之间的直接连接并非必需，并且部件可以例如经由无线连接来进行通信。
在本发明的实施方式中，变换器206可以是现在已知或者以后开发的许多变换器类型和配置之一。在本发明的一个实施方式中，变换器206可以包括配置成响应于电信号224的施加而变形的压电元件。可以在本发明的实施方式中使用的压电元件可以例如包括压电晶体、压电陶瓷或者响应于施加的电信号而表现出变形的一些其它材料。示例压电晶体包括石英(SiO2)、块磷铝石(AlPO4)、正磷酸镓(GaPO4)和电气石。示例压电陶瓷包括钛酸钡(BaTiO30)、锆钛酸铅(PZT)或者锆(Zr)。
一些压电材料如钛酸钡和PZT为极化材料。当向这些材料施加电场时，极化分子将本身与电场对准从而在材料的分子或者晶体结构内造成感应偶极子。这一分子对准引起材料变形。
在本发明的其它实施方式中，可以使用其它类型的变换器。例如，可以使用配置成响应于电信号224而操作的各种电机。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，变换器206生成输出力，该输出力引起耳蜗流体的移动，从而使声音可以由受体感知。输出力可以造成受体的颅骨的机械振动或者颅骨围绕受体颈部的物理移动。如上文所注意到的，在某些实施方式中，骨骼传导器件300经由锚系统208向受体的颅骨递送输出力。在本发明的一个实施方式中，锚系统208包括如图2B中所示磁耦合到一个或者多个植入磁体262的一个或者多个外部磁体260。在图2A中所示实施方式中，外部磁体260被配置成附着到壳体225。这样，在这一实施方式中，通过壳体225向外部磁体260提供来自变换器206的振动。
在本发明的某些实施方式中，电子器件模块204包括用于电连接和机械支撑电子器件模块204的部件的印刷电路板(PCB)。声音输入元件202可以包括一个或者多个麦克风(未示出)并且附着到PCB。
图2B提供了图2A的骨骼传导器件200的更为详细的示图。在所示实施方式中，电子器件模块204包括声音处理器240、变换器驱动部件242和控制电子器件246。如上文说明的那样，在某些实施方式中，声音输入元件202包括配置用于将所接收到的声学信号转换成电信号222的麦克风。在其它实施方式中，如下文详述，声音输入元件202接收声音207作为电信号。
在本发明的实施方式中，从声音输入元件202向声音处理器240输出电信号222。声音处理器240使用多种技术中的一种或者多种以有选择地处理、放大和/或过滤电信号222以生成经处理的信号224A。在某些实施方式中，声音处理器240可以包括与在空气传导助听器中所使用的基本上相同的声音处理器。在更多实施方式中，声音处理器240包括数字信号处理器。
向变换器驱动部件242提供经处理的信号224A。变换器驱动部件242向变换器206输出驱动信号224B。基于驱动信号224B，变换器206向受体的颅骨提供输出力。
为了便于描述，变换器驱动部件242向变换器206供应的电信号已经被称为驱动信号224B。然而应当理解，经处理的信号224B可以包括经处理的信号224A的未修改版本。
如上文所言，变换器206经由锚系统208向受体的颅骨生成输出力。如图2B中所示，在本发明的一个实施方式中，锚系统208包括磁耦合到植入的磁体262的外部磁体260。外部磁体260可以附着到变换器206或者壳体225中的一个或者多个。例如在某些实施方式中，外部磁体260附着到变换器206并且从其直接接收振动。在其它实施方式中，外部磁体260附着到壳体225，并且通过壳体225从变换器206向外部磁体260施加振动。根据其中耦合140包括外部磁体260的本发明的一个实施方式，外部磁体260从变换器206接收的振动使外部磁体260振动。根据本发明的这一实施方式，由于外部磁体260磁耦合到植入的磁体262，所以将外部磁体260与植入的磁体262耦合的磁力会相应地振动。然后从植入的磁体262向受体的骨骼136传送从外部磁体260向植入的磁体262磁性传递的振动。
如上文所言，受体可以经由接口模块212控制器件的各种功能。接口模块212包括允许受体向骨骼传导器件200的元件提供输入或者从这些元件接收信息的一个或者多个部件。
如图所示，控制电子器件246可以连接到接口模块212、声音拾取器件202、声音处理器240和/或变换器驱动部件242中的一个或者多个。在本发明的实施方式中，基于在接口模块212接收到的输入，控制电子器件246可以向骨骼传导器件200的其它部件提供指令或者请求来自这些部件的信息。在某些实施方式中，在无用户输入时，控制电子器件246控制骨骼传导器件200的操作。
图3图示了在这里被称为骨骼传导器件300的图2A和图2B的骨骼传导器件200的一个实施方式的分解图。如图所示，骨骼传导器件300包括被称为电子器件模块304的电子器件模块204的一个实施方式。如上文说明的那样，在电子器件模块304内包括声音处理器、变换器驱动部件和控制电子器件。为了便于图示，在图3中未图示这些部件。
在所示实施方式中，电子器件模块304包括用于电连接和机械支撑电子器件模块304的部件的印刷电路板314(PCB)。表示为用于接收声音的麦克风302的一个或者多个声音输入元件附着到PCB314。
在图3中所示实施方式中，骨骼传导器件300还包括两个部分的壳体325，该壳体包括第一壳体部分325A和第二壳体部分325B。壳体部分325被配置成相互配对以基本上密封骨骼传导器件300。麦克风盖372可释放地附着到第一壳体部分325A。麦克风盖372在麦克风302之上提供屏障以保护麦克风302免受尘埃、泥土或者其它污垢的污染。
骨骼传导器件300还包括这里被称为接口模块312的接口模块212的一个实施方式。接口模块312被配置成提供或者接收来自受体的用户输入。可以在骨骼传导300中包括电源或者电池(未示出)以向各种部件供应功率。
也如图3中所示，骨骼传导器件300包括变换器306。变换器306生成输出力，该输出力引起耳蜗流体的移动，从而使声音可以由受体感知。输出力造成受体的颅骨的机械振动或者颅骨围绕受体的颈部的物理移动。如上文所言，在某些实施方式中，骨骼传导器件300经由锚系统308向受体的颅骨递送输出力。锚系统308包括耦合360、锚366和桥基364。在图3所示的实施方式中，耦合360被配置成附着到第二壳体部分325B。这样，在这一实施方式中，通过壳体325B向耦合360提供来自变换器306的振动。在图3所示实施方式中，在第二壳体部分325B中提供开口368。可以插入螺钉(未示出)穿过开口368以将变换器306附着到耦合360。在这样的实施方式中，可以提供O环380以在螺钉周围密封开口368。
如上文所言，锚系统308包括植入的锚366。植入的锚366可以包括在受体的颅骨中植入的骨骼螺钉366。在植入配置中，螺钉366通过皮肤从受体的颅骨突出。桥基364在受体的皮肤上方附着到螺钉366。在实施方式中，桥基364和螺钉366可以集成到单个可植入部件中。耦合360被配置成可释放地附着到桥基364以在变换器306与受体的颅骨之间创建振动路径。
在本发明的备选实施方式中，骨骼传导器件300可以包括一个或者多个附加声音输入元件。例如，骨骼传导器件300可以包括电输入316。在这样的实施方式中，电输入被配置成将器件300连接到外部装备并且从其直接接收电声音信号。电输入316可以允许骨骼传导器件300连接到例如AM/FM无线电、MP3播放器、电视机、移动电话等。
在更多其它实施方式中，形式为遥感线圈的又一声音输入元件可以集成于骨骼传导器件300中或者连接到该器件。这样的遥感线圈允许骨骼传导器件300从例如电话或者其它类似设备接收输入信号。
图4图示了根据骨骼传导器件300的实施方式的，输入声学声音信号到用于向受体的颅骨递送的机械力的转换。在块402，骨骼传导器件300接收声学声音信号。在某些实施方式中，经由麦克风302接收声学声音信号。在其它实施方式中，经由电输入来接收输入声音。在更多其它实施方式中，集成于骨骼传导器件300中或者连接到该器件的遥感线圈可以用来接收声学声音信号。
在块404，骨骼传导器件300接收的声学声音信号由电子器件模块304中的语音处理器处理。如上文说明的那样，语音处理器可以类似于声学助听器中使用的语音处理器。在这样的实施方式中，语音处理器可以有选择地放大、过滤和/或修改声学声音信号。例如，语音处理器可以用来消除骨骼传导器件300所接收的背景或者其它非所需噪声信号。
在块406，向变换器306提供经处理的声音信号作为电信号。在块408，变换器306将电信号转换成配置为经由锚系统308向受体的颅骨递送的机械力以便引起对声学声音信号的听力感知。
图5是其中远离电池放置了变换器的骨骼传导器件的部件的横截面图。如图所示，骨骼传导器件500包括变换器506，该变换器具有壳体530，该壳体530具有设置于其中的磁体540，该磁体540具有初级磁体延伸臂566和次级磁性延伸臂562、564。磁体540被配置成使得当用例如上述经调节的电信号向线圈542赋能时磁体540及其初级和次级延伸臂566、562、564在振动输出元件544的方向上移动。通过变化经调节的电信号来生成朝向和背离受体的迅速移动(如方向箭头538所示)，由此在受体的方向上提供受控的机械力。
初级弹簧546A和546B(统称为初级弹簧546)将磁体540机械耦合到振动输出元件544。元件544又耦合到变换器支撑元件548，该元件本身借助次级弹簧552A和552B(统称为次级弹簧552)机械耦合到壳体530。虽然在图5中未示出，但是振动输出元件544的一端机械耦合到如上文参照图2所述的锚系统。还应当注意，虽然次级弹簧552将变换器支撑元件548耦合到壳体530，但是弹簧被选择和/或布置成使得来自磁体540和振动输出元件544的生成的大多数振动力被导向受体而不是壳体530。换句话说，初级弹簧546允许生成机械力，因为迅速地使磁体540和振动输出元件546朝向和背离地彼此移动，而次级弹簧552通过释放变换器支撑元件548以从壳体530基本上自由移开从而允许生成的机械力基本上导向受体的骨骼。如在图5所示的骨骼传导器件中可见，磁体540是专用磁质量体元件，而电池510与磁体540分离并且未充当用于变换器506的质量体。
图6是根据本发明实施方式的骨骼传导器件的部件的横截面图。图6中所示各种部件主要类似于结合图5所示器件描述的部件。然而在图6所示的本发明实施方式中，磁体640提供的质量体基本上包括来自一个或者多个其它功能性部件(即附着到磁体640的电池保持元件614和电池610)的质量体。不同于图5中所示器件(其中电池510和磁体540相互在物理上分离并且独立操作)，在图6所示的实施方式中，通过附着到磁体640，电池610将它自身的质量添加到磁体640的质量，从而在操作期间，变换器607基于磁体640以及电池610的组合质量来生成机械力。通过向变换器607添加电池610的质量，可以明显减少磁体640的质量。在操作期间，电池610继续执行它自身的向变换器607和骨骼传导器件的其它部件提供功率的功能。应当理解，各种备选质量体可以使用于本发明的实施方式中并且这样的备选质量体不应限于电池610。另外应当理解，如本领域技术人员将清楚的那样，可以使用用于保持备选质量体的各种机制。例如，接片、夹具、螺钉、粘合剂、压缩配件和许多其它机制可以用来在电池保持元件614中稳固地保持电池610。
另外，虽然图6所示的实施方式包括次级磁性延伸臂662、664，但是在本发明的其它实施方式中，磁体640可以仅包括初级磁性延伸臂666。另外，在本发明的其它实施方式中，次级磁性延伸臂662、664可以包括附加臂或者可以具有不同配置。例如在这样的实施方式中，次级磁性延伸臂可以包括设置于初级磁性延伸臂666周围的基本上为圆柱形的延伸件(未示出)。如结合图5所述，除了使用备选质量体之外，反复向线圈642赋能以使磁体640和振动输出元件644相互吸引。这些吸引力的动量生成向变换器支撑元件648传送的形式为振动的机械力。如上文所述，次级弹簧652A和652B(统称为次级弹簧652)允许变换器支撑元件638然后向受体的骨骼传达振动机械力。
图7是根据本发明实施方式的骨骼传导器件的部件的横截面图。在图7所示的实施方式中，第一壳体部分730安装或者以别的方式耦合到磁体740，从而使第一壳体部分730充当用于变换器的质量体。这样，第一壳体部分730由变换器用来生成用于向受体的颅骨递送的输出力。通过添加第一壳体部分730的质量，可以明显减少磁体740的质量。
在图7所示的实施方式中，可以提供柔性壳体部分732A和732B(统称为柔性壳体部分732)以允许磁体740和第一壳体部分730如前文所述在线圈742被赋能时向振动输出元件744移动。第二壳体部分734A和734B(统称为第二壳体部分734)经由柔性壳体部分732耦合到第一壳体部分730。
在本发明的实施方式中，如本领域技术人员将清楚的那样，柔性壳体部分732可以由现在已知或者以后开发的多种材料和机制制成。例如，可压缩材料如泡沫或者硅树脂可以用来构造柔性壳体部分732。另外，可以例如如同手风琴一样对可压缩材料进行成形以进一步有助于在线圈742向磁体740赋能时响应于磁体740和振动输出元件744的相互吸引而压缩和解压柔性壳体部分732。在本发明的某些实施方式中，柔性壳体部分732耦合第一壳体部分730和第二壳体部分734以便为其中容纳的部件提供密封环境。
图8A和图8B是分别根据本发明实施方式的骨骼传导变换器模块806A、806B(统称为变换器模块806)的部件的横截面图。在所示实施方式中，变换器模块806各自包括配置成将代表骨骼传导器件所接收的声音信号的电信号转换成机械力的压电变换器807。向颅骨递送机械力引起受体的颅骨的机械振动和/或移动，从而使受体感知对所接收的声音信号的听感。
在图8A和图8B的实施方式中，压电变换器807包括压电元件848和将压电元件的变形转换成机械放大器或其部分的机械偏转的机械放大器828。在所示实施方式中，压电元件848包括这里称为压电堆叠物848的多个堆叠的压电材料层。压电变换器807还可以包括预载部件839。
机械放大器828包括两个端板842，各端板耦合到压电堆叠物848的单独端。机械放大器828还包括在端板824之间延伸的相对铰接臂822。铰接臂822定位于压电堆叠物848的相对侧上。各相对铰接臂822和压电堆叠物848在其间限定截头圆锥体形状。另外，在图8B所示的本发明实施方式中，压电变换器807还包括从压电堆叠物848延伸如下距离的延伸臂896，该距离超过压电变换器807及其端板824中的每个的其余部分。
在向压电堆叠物848递送电信号之后，堆叠物沿着图示为轴811的如下轴变形，该轴与延伸臂896基本上平行并延伸穿过堆叠物。如图所示，压电堆叠物848通过沿着轴811收缩而变形。压电堆叠物848沿着轴811的这一收缩使延伸臂896沿着图示为轴813的与轴811基本上垂直的轴从压电堆叠物848向外偏转。
延伸臂896沿着轴813的偏转在受体的颅骨的方向838上生成输出力。然而为了生成足以振动和/或移动受体的颅骨以便引起听力感知的力，附加质量体必须耦合到放大器828，从而使附加质量体在延伸臂896沿着轴813偏转时移动。附加质量体的移动增加变换器807输出的力。如下文所述，这一附加质量体可以采用多种形式并且可以用任何数目的方式耦合到铰接臂822。
图8A图示了本发明的一个实施方式，其中通过将质量体元件850耦合到放大器828的部分826A来提供这一附加质量体。由于变换器807输出的力仅依赖于质量体元件850的质量，所以质量体850的形状、尺寸和/或位置并不重要并且一般无需采用任何特定配置。例如，如图8A中所示，质量体元件850可以包括延伸了放大器828的长度的薄质量体。在其它实施方式中，质量体元件850可以包括可选地在部分826居中的块、圆柱体或者任何其它几何形状。
如上文所言，可以根据质量体元件850的质量更改变换器807所输出的力。这样，在本发明的某些实施方式中，质量体元件850经由可释放的耦合890耦合到部分826A。可释放的耦合890被配置成允许外科医生、临床医生、受体等(这里统称为“用户”)容易地断开质量体元件850和/或将质量体元件850更换为具有不同质量、形状等的不同元件。可释放耦合890可以包括用于耦合质量体元件850和压电变换器807的各种机制。例如，可释放的耦合可以包括磁性耦合机制、扣锁机制、压缩装配机制、螺钉保持结构以及如本领域技术人员将清楚的现在已知或者以后开发的其它机制。
通过以这一方式更换质量体元件850，用户可以针对特定受体定制变换器807所输出的力。例如，根据受体的颅骨特性或者基于受体遭受的听力损失来改变耦合到放大器828的质量体可能是有用的。遭受不同程度或者类型的听力损失(即双侧耳聋比对单侧耳聋)的个人可能需要不同输出力以充分补偿他们的听力损失。这样，将质量体元件850附着到可释放的耦合890具有的益处在于变换器模块和/或骨骼传导器件可以包括所有通用部件并且可以通过选择最好地适合于受体的特性和听力损失的具体形状和/或尺寸的质量体元件来为具体患者定制器件。
本发明的实施方式还包括一种可以使其中具有变换器模块806A的骨骼传导器件与受体相配的流程。在这样的流程期间，外科医生可以选择最好地适合于受体的具体形状和/或尺寸的质量体元件。在这样的示例流程中，外科医生将质量体元件附着到放大器828，并且例如通过主观用户反馈或者如神经响应遥测测量的客观测量而在多个频率和信号呈现电平处测量受体的听力响应。外科医生还可以用上述方式测试多种质量体元件直至发现造成所需输出力的质量体元件。应当理解，各种其它相配方法在本发明的范围内。
如上所注意到的，为了生成足以振动和/或移动受体的颅骨以便引起听力感知的力，附加质量体必须耦合到放大器828，从而使附加质量体在延伸臂896沿着轴813偏转时移动。附加质量体的移动增加变换器807所输出的力。图8B图示了本发明的一个实施方式，其中通过将一个或者多个功能性部件耦合到部分826A来提供这一附加质量体。功能性部件可以用多种方式中的任一种耦合到部分826A。
例如在某些实施方式中，如图8B中所示，一个或者多个延伸臂896可以从可释放的耦合890延伸。在延伸臂896的极限处，可以悬置功能性部件892、894，从而使延伸臂896的移动也引起功能性部件的移动。功能性部件添加的附加质量体允许变换器807生成足以代表所接收的声音的输出力。功能性部件可以例如包括一个或者多个电池、壳体833的部分、信号处理电子器件等。
类似于上文参照图8A描述的实施方式，延伸臂可以经由表示为耦合890的可释放耦合来耦合到部分826B。可释放的耦合890被配置成允许外科医生、临床医生、受体等(这里统称为“用户”)容易地断开延伸臂896和/或功能性部件892、894并且/或者将延伸臂896和/或功能性部件892、894更换为具有不同质量、形状等的不同臂和/或部件。
通过以这一方式更换延伸臂896和/或部件，用户可以针对特定受体定制变换器807所输出的力。例如，根据受体的颅骨特性或者基于受体遭受的听力损失来改变耦合到放大器828的功能性部件892、894的类型或者尺寸可能是有用的。遭受不同程度或者类型的听力损失(即双侧耳聋比对单侧耳聋)的个人可能需要不同输出力以充分补偿他们的听力损失。这样，经由延伸臂896和可释放的耦合890来附着不同部件所具有的益处在于变换器模块和/或骨骼传导器件可以包括所有通用部件并且可以通过选择功能性部件的具体形状、尺寸和/或类型来为具体患者定制器件。
在其它实施方式中，一个或者多个功能性部件可以用上文参照图6和图7描述的方式可释放地耦合到部分826A。例如功能性部件892和/或894可以包括功率模块(未示出)或者变换器806的另一功能性部件。另外，功能性部件892和894无需包括质量相同的部件。另外，除了充当质量体之外无其它功能的一个或者多个质量体可以通过将一个或者多个质量体耦合到可释放的耦合890或者延伸臂896A来耦合到变换器106。例如可以向特定延伸臂896添加一个或者多个质量体以便抗衡延伸臂896(其中相反端具有附着到其上的功能性部件)。尽管已经将图8A和图8B中所示的本发明实施方式描述为具有压电变换器807，但是应当理解，本发明的其它实施方式可以包括生成机械力的其它类型的变换器。
Claims (12)
1.一种配置成由受体佩戴的骨骼传导器件，包括：
变换器；
声音输入元件，配置成接收声学声音信号；以及
多个功能性部件，其中至少一个功能性部件为配置成生成代表所述声学声音信号的电信号的电子器件模块；并且其中所述多个功能性部件中的一个或者多个功能性部件附着到所述变换器；以及
其中所述变换器被配置成利用所述电信号以生成附着到所述变换器的所述一个或者多个功能性部件的运动，并且其中所述一个或者多个功能性部件的所述运动造成向所述受体的颅骨递送力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的器件，其中所述多个功能性部件包括电池，并且其中所述电池附着到所述变换器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的器件，还包括壳体，并且其中所述壳体的第一部分附着到所述变换器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的器件，其中所述壳体还包括将所述壳体的第一部分耦合到所述壳体的其余部分的一个或者多个柔性部件。
5.根据权利要求1所述的器件，还包括：
一个或者多个专用质量体部件，附着到所述变换器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的器件，其中所述多个功能性部件中的所述一个或者多个功能性部件经由可释放的耦合附着到所述变换器。
7.根据权利要求1所述的器件，其中至少一个功能性部件包括质量体，至少部分地基于将由所述变换器生成的所需机械力来选择包括所述质量体部件的所述至少一个功能性部件的尺寸和/或形状。
8.根据权利要求7所述的器件，其中至少部分地基于受体特性来选择所述至少一个功能性部件的尺寸和/或形状。
9.一种用于利用由受体佩戴的骨骼传导器件在所述受体中生成听力感知的方法，其中所述器件包括声音输入元件、变换器，并且其中多个功能性部件中的一个或者多个功能性部件附着到所述变换器，其中所述方法包括：
利用所述声音输入元件来接收声学声音信号；
利用电子器件模块来生成代表所述声学声音信号的电信号；
将所述电信号提供给所述变换器；并且
生成附着到所述变换器的所述一个或者多个功能性部件的运动，其中所述一个或者多个功能性部件的所述运动造成向所述受体的颅骨递送力。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述多个功能性部件包括电池，并且所述方法还包括：
生成所述电池的运动。
11.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述骨骼传导器件还包括壳体，并且所述壳体的第一部分附着到所述变换器，并且其中所述方法还包括：
生成所述壳体的第一部分的运动。
12.根据权利要求1所述的器件，还包括：
经由可释放的耦合将所述多个功能性部件中的所述一个或者多个功能性部件附着到所述变换器。
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| US4904233A (en) * | 1985-05-10 | 1990-02-27 | Haakansson Bo | Arrangement in a hearing aid device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI609589B (zh) * | 2015-05-14 | 2017-12-21 | 陳光超 | 聽覺輔助裝置與聽覺輔助運作方法 |
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