CN101999311A - Celery cytoplasmic male sterile line breeding method and cross-breeding method using celery cytoplasmic male sterile line - Google Patents
Celery cytoplasmic male sterile line breeding method and cross-breeding method using celery cytoplasmic male sterile line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a celery cytoplasmic male sterile line breeding method and a cross-breeding method using a celery cytoplasmic male sterile line. In the methods, celery '021542' serving as a female parent and chervil '022047' serving as a male parent are subjected to manual control hybridization, male sterile plants are selected from an F1 group as a cytoplasmic male sterile source and is subjected to fifth backcross generation with the celery '021542' to obtain a celery cytoplasmic male sterile line '0863A'; and a backcross male parent corresponding to the celery cytoplasmic male sterile line is a maintainer line '0863B'. The sterile line '0863A' and a selected male parent line are subjected to field planting in a cross-breeding farm with an excellent isolation condition in a ratio of 3:1; and after pollination is finished, male parent plants are uprooted completed, and seeds picked from sterile line plants after the yellow maturity of the seeds are generation hybrids. The cytoplasmic male sterile line bred by the method has stable heredity, high combining ability, simple cross-breeding process, low cost and high quality of the hybrids, and can be used for the large-scale cross-breeding production of celery.
Description
Background technology
Celery is that the Umbelliferae celery belongs to biennial vegetable, contains nutrient components such as rich in protein, vitamin, mineral element, also has step-down, lipopenicillinase, diuresis, is good for the stomach, various health care functions such as anti-cancer.Celery originates in littoral area, Mediterranean, and the Han dynasty begins to carry out artificial cultivation in China, develops into now, has become one of very important vegetable crop of China.Celery is also commonplace in the cultivation at present of many American-European countries.But, people can only use conventional variety in long-term celery production, and do not have crossbreed, and its main cause is because celery kind strain flower is big in a small amount, the florescence dispersion, can't carry out strict artificial emasculation, is difficult to realize the artificial hybridization production of hybrid seeds.
Utilize male sterile line to carry out the important channel that hybrid seeding has become many new crop varieties seed selections now.The research report of relevant celery male sterile line at present also seldom, literature search to have only two examples, one example is the first in the world celery male sterile material of people such as the Quiros of California, USA university report in 1986, because this material is an agriotype, and the ability of setting seeds is relatively poor, its breeding is worth not too big, really is not applied to the celery breeding so far.It is good that an other example is exactly an economical character delivering recently of the present patent application people, the normal male sterile material of the performance of setting seeds, its sterility is by the control of nuclear recessive gene, on this basis, select the first celery male sterile two-purpose line in the world, and declared patent of invention in 2005 and " utilized the method for male sterile two-purpose line selective breeding celery hybrid ", application number is 200510013213.9, the technical scheme of this patent disclosure is to utilize the sterile strain in the male sterile two-purpose line to make up for maternal preparing hybrid, in time discern and pull out the educated strain in the dual-purpose system at the beginning of blooming, pollination is pulled out paternal plant after finishing again, the seed of gathering from maternal strain at last is the crossbreed of 100% purity.Use this invention and bred two celery half-blood kinds " strange No. 1 of Tianjin " and " strange No. 2 of Tianjin ".Deepening continuously but along with breeding practice, the inventor finds to exist in 200510013213.9 tangible weak point: the one, when hybrid seeding, must carry out sterile strain and can educate the identification of strain according to experience in the past coming into bloom, this has just increased technical difficulty, has limited this The Application of Technology promoted extension; The 2nd, must in time all can be educated strain and pull out according to the fertility recognition result, this just needs to drop into more cost of labor; The 3rd, pull out untimelyly, not thorough if can educate strain, will influence the hybrid rate between female male parent, reduce the purity of crossbreed.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is at the technical difficulty that exists in the prior art big, the deficiency of hybrid seeding dimension-limited system etc., and provide the method for seed selection of a kind of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line and hybrid seeding thereof, the cytoplasmic male sterile line inheritance stability that this method selects, the coordinate force height, the hybrid seeding program is simple, and cost is low, the crossbreed quality is good, can be used for the production of extensive celery hybrid seeding.To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of selection of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line, it is characterized in that with celery material " 021542 " be female parent, with leaf celery material " 022047 " is male parent, obtain F1 by Artificial Control hybridization, from F1 colony, select flower pesticide thin and hollow, the male sterile plant that is faint in color is the cytoplasmic male sterility source, through backcrossing with five generations of celery " 021542 ", obtains the celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " of inheritance stability; The sterile plant rate of this male sterile line and sterile degree all are reached for 100%; The male parent of backcrossing correspondingly is maintenance line " 0863B ".
The celery cytoplasmic male sterile line that the present invention newly breeds in the standard of perfection in field is: it is thin and hollow all to show as flower pesticide after all kind strains of this male sterile line are bloomed, and is faint in color, and filigree is short, and loose powder process does not all the time ftracture; Sterile plant rate and sterile degree all reach 100%, and sterility is stable.
The method of the numerous system of celery cytoplasmic male sterility of the present invention crossbreed, it is at first male sterile line " 0863A " and maintenance line " 0863B " to be sowed simultaneously, and with 2: 1 ratio interlacing field planting in same plot with strict isolation condition, expand numerous male sterile line " 0863A " and maintenance line " 0863B " original seed of obtaining; And then according to the breeding plan that pre-establishes, the corresponding male parent that male sterile line " 0863A " original seed and apolegamy is good is an original seed with 3: 1 ratio interlacing field planting in having the hybrid seeding field of good isolation condition, pollination is thoroughly pulled out the male parent strain after finishing, after treating the seed yellow maturity, the seed of gathering from the male sterile line plant is needed first generation cross-fertilize seed.
The method of the present invention's more detailed celery cytoplasmic male sterile line selection and hybrid seeding thereof is as follows:
One, the selection of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line
1, be female parent with the celery material " 021542 " (Apium graveolens var.dule) that draws from the U.S., with the leaf celery material " 022047 " (Apium graveolens var.secalium) that draws from Vietnam is male parent, carry out Artificial Control hybridization (Honma, S.A method for celery hybridization.Proc.Am.Soc.Hort.Sci.1959,73:345～348), obtain the F1 seed.
2, planted in fall F1 seed, coming year is after F1 enters flowering stage, observe the floral organ characteristic of identifying each kind strain, therefrom select in the whole kind of strain all open Xiao Hua flower pesticide thin and hollow, be faint in color, filigree is short, the kind strain of not ftractureing the loose powder process all the time, can show typical male sterility, with such male sterile plant is female parent, the pollen of gathering celery material " 021542 " carries out artificial supplementary pollination, obtains first backcross generation BC1.
3, select good BC1 male sterile plant as female parent, continue to backcross with celery " 021542 " fine individual plant, second generation BC2 obtains backcrossing.Pass through continuously five generations like this and backcross, obtained the celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " of inheritance stability.The sterile plant rate of this male sterile line and sterile degree all show as 100%, and economical character is good.The good maintenance line " 0863B " of male parent of backcrossing correspondingly as cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A ".
4, the essential characteristic characteristic of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A ": good in economical character performance vegetative growth phase, plant is uprightly compact, and plant height is more than 70 centimetres, and petiole is sturdy, and green is solid, and contriction is obvious, the leaf dark green look, and it is darker that leaf margin splits quarter.Open normal the reproductive stage floral organ, the nectary prosperity, gynoecium is grown normal, and the stamen serious degradation, it is thin and hollow to show as flower pesticide, is faint in color, and filigree is short, the loose powder process that do not ftracture all the time, sterile plant rate and sterile degree are 100%, and sterility is stable.
Two, utilize the method for the numerous system first generation cross-fertilize seed of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A "
1, numerous system method of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " and corresponding maintenance line " 0863B " thereof
Sow celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " and its maintenance line " 0863B " simultaneously, Cheng Miaohou distinguishes field planting again in greenhouse by solar heat, carry out conventional field management, make its healthy and strong growth, select plant respectively with typical species feature, and with 2: 1 ratio interlacing field planting in protospecies breeding field with strict isolation condition.Strengthen rich water quality management and disease pest and weed prevention work after the field planting, find that doubtful assorted strain in time pulls out.When the seed flavescence of being tied on the level Four flower umbrella, gather in male sterile line and the strain of maintenance line kind respectively, must guard against and mix.Male sterile line " 0863A " is planted the seed of gathering in the strain and is required male-sterile seed, and maintenance line " 0863B " is planted the seed of gathering in the strain and is the maintenance line seed.
2 utilize the method for the numerous system first generation cross-fertilize seed of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A "
The male parent system of in rain-proof shelter, sowing celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " respectively and matching according to breeding plan, the seedbed area of male sterile line " 0863A " is 3 times of male parent system, the seeding quantity in every square metre of seedbed is all grasped about 1 gram, note weeding, thinning after emerging, keep soil often moistening.Every square metre of rice shoot quantity is grasped in 100～150 strains after dividing seedling.In early spring coming year, after the rice shoot of surviving the winter was finished vernalization smoothly, the plot of selecting to have the good irrigation condition and the condition of isolation was as celery hybrid seeding field, and according to 3: 1 ratio, the male parent of interlacing field planting cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " and apolegamy was.Furrow are done in fertilising before the field planting, and the field planting distance between rows and hills is 50 centimetres of 60 cm x, strengthen rich water quality management and disease pest and weed prevention work after the field planting, find that doubtful assorted strain in time pulls out.After pollination finishes the male parent strain is thoroughly pulled out, when in the kind strain of field during most of seed flavescence, in time that female parent is capable sterile strain harvesting is concentrated and is transported to the threshing ground and carry out airing, threshing, selection by winnowing, packing.The seed of gathering in the sterile strain is first generation cross-fertilize seed.
The method good effect of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line disclosed by the invention seed selection and hybrid seeding thereof is:
The present invention has formulated a new technological approaches for the celery heterosis breeding, make celery hybrid seeding program simplification, technical difficulty reduces, the hybrid seeding cost reduces, the production scale of hybrid seeding is not subjected to the restriction of artificial and technical factor, can satisfy the demand of celery production to greatest extent, thereby help realizing the industrialization of celery hybridization breeding, and obtain distinct economic the hybridization breeding; Simultaneously, celery cytoplasmic male sterile line inheritance stability, hybridization coordinate force height, thereby not only can guarantee that crossbreed has very high purity, and plant performance neat and consistent, and the crossbreed advantage is remarkable, growth potential is strong, the output height, fiber content is few, and integrated quality is good, have disease resistance preferably concurrently, can reduce agricultural chemicals use and agricultural chemicals to the pollution of environment, be more suitable for nuisanceless celery production, can produce the huge social benefit.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the seed selection process schematic diagram of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A ";
Fig. 2 is numerous system schematic diagram of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " and maintenance line " 0863B " thereof;
Fig. 3 carries out the hybrid seeding schematic diagram for utilizing celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A ".
Embodiment:
Following example is used to explain the present invention, rather than limits the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The selection of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A "
1, be female parent with the celery material " 021542 " (Apium graveolens var.dule) that draws from the U.S., with the leaf celery material " 022047 " (Apium graveolens var.secalium) that draws from Vietnam is male parent, carry out Artificial Control hybridization (Honma, S.A method for celery hybridization.Proc.Am.Soc.Hort.Sci.1959,73:345～348), obtain the F1 seed.
2, planted in fall F1 seed, coming year is after F1 enters flowering stage, observe the floral organ characteristic of identifying each kind strain, therefrom select in the whole kind of strain all open Xiao Hua flower pesticide thin and hollow, be faint in color, filigree is short, the kind strain of not ftractureing the loose powder process all the time, can show typical male sterility, with such male sterile plant is female parent, the pollen of gathering celery material " 021542 " carries out artificial supplementary pollination, obtains first backcross generation BC1.Meanwhile, identify as early as possible and to eliminate those stamen developments normal, the educated strain that flower pesticide has pollinia to shed.
3, respectively the economical character and the male sterility of BC1 colony are carried out the field evaluation in autumn and winter and spring and summer coming year, select good BC1 male sterile plant as female parent, continue to backcross with celery " 021542 " fine individual plant, second generation BC2 obtains backcrossing.Carried out for five generations continuously according to said procedure and backcross, obtained the celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " of inheritance stability.The sterile plant rate of this male sterile line and sterile degree all show as 100%, and economical character is good.The good maintenance line " 0863B " of male parent of backcrossing correspondingly as cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A ".
4, the essential characteristic characteristic of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A ": good in economical character performance vegetative growth phase, plant is uprightly compact, and plant height is more than 70 centimetres, and petiole is sturdy, and green is solid, and contriction is obvious, the leaf dark green look, and it is darker that leaf margin splits quarter.Open normal the reproductive stage floral organ, the nectary prosperity, gynoecium is grown normal, and the stamen serious degradation, it is thin and hollow to show as flower pesticide, is faint in color, and filigree is short, the loose powder process that do not ftracture all the time, sterile plant rate and sterile degree are 100%, and sterility is stable.
Embodiment 2
Numerous system method of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " and corresponding maintenance line " 0863B " thereof
At the beginning of 9 months, sow celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " and its maintenance line " 0863B " simultaneously in rain-proof shelter by the end of August, seeding quantity is grasped about 1 gram of every square metre of seedbed.Cheng Miaohou distinguishes field planting in greenhouse by solar heat with male sterile line " 0863A " and maintenance line " 0863B ", distance between rows and hills is 50 centimetres of 60 cm x, carry out conventional field management, make its healthy and strong growth, wait until when growing up to big strain spring, select plant with typical species feature respectively, it is higher to be transplanted to fertility level, the plot with good irrigation condition.Need soil deeptillage before the field planting, use sufficient base fertilizer, make 1.2 meters wide long furrow.Male sterile line " 0863A " and maintenance line " 0863B " be with 2: 1 ratio interlacing field planting, i.e. male sterile line " 0863A " duplicate rows field planting, and 60 centimetres of line spaces, maintenance line " 0863B " single file field planting in adjacent long furrow, spacing in the rows all is 50 centimetres in the row.Because celery belongs to cross pollinated plant, the natural crossing rate is very high, so must with nearer other plant of other celery kind and affiliation such as carrot, caraway etc. are strict in the numerous system process of male sterile line isolate, prevent natural crossing, guarantee the isolation distance more than 1000 meters.Water once little water after the field planting, avoid broad irrigation at once, in case early spring, the ground temperature range of decrease was bigger, the slow seedling of influence.In time carry out the disease pest and weed prevention work behind the slow seedling, mainly comprise the control of contingent soft rot in early stage, contingent gray mold of later stage and sick worms such as aphid and two spotted spider mite; Find that doubtful assorted strain in time pulls out; Take measures such as ridging, built to prevent kind of a strain lodging.When the seed flavescence of being tied on the level Four flower umbrella, gather in male sterile line and the strain of maintenance line kind respectively, carry out seed airing, threshing, selection by winnowing, packing then respectively, must guard against and mix.Male sterile line " 0863A " is planted the seed of gathering in the strain and is required male-sterile seed, and maintenance line " 0863B " is planted the seed of gathering in the strain and is the maintenance line seed.
Embodiment 3
Utilize the method for the numerous system first generation cross-fertilize seed of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A "
By the end of August at the beginning of 9 months, the male parent system of in rain-proof shelter, sowing celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " respectively and matching according to breeding plan, the seedbed area of male sterile line " 0863A " is 3 times of male parent system, the seeding quantity in every square metre of seedbed is all grasped about 1 gram, weeding in time, thinning after emerging keep soil often moistening.When young plant long to two leaves wholeheartedly to three leaves wholeheartedly the time, in cold bed, divide seedling, it is 100～150 strains that every square metre of rice shoot divides seedling quantity.Add a cover plastic film after low temperature arrives and be incubated,, add a cover straw mat daytime, prevented the low temperature injury when minimum temperature drops to after-3 ℃～-4 ℃.Through the winter low temperature stage, rice shoot can be finished the vernalization process.
Early spring coming year, selection has the plot of good irrigation condition as celery hybrid seeding field, and this piece hybrid seeding field also must keep spacing distances more than 1000 meters with nearer other plant of other celery kind and affiliation such as seed farms such as carrot, caraway.Need soil deeptillage before the field planting, use sufficient base fertilizer, make 1.2 meters wide long furrow, the duplicate rows field planting, 60 centimetres of line spaces, spacing in the rows is 50 centimetres in the row.The male parent system of celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " and apolegamy, the field planting ratio is 3: 1, promptly every field planting 6 row male sterile lines, just interval field planting 2 row male parents systems.The field planting that sticks together of band soil can significantly be shortened transplanting seedling time like this during field planting, guarantees transplant survival.Covering with plastic film after the field planting, and water once little water according to soil moisture content, must guard against broad irrigation, in case early spring, the ground temperature range of decrease was bigger, the slow seedling of influence.
In whole hybrid seeding process, in time carry out the disease pest and weed prevention work, mainly comprise the control of contingent soft rot in early stage, contingent gray mold of later stage and sick worms such as aphid and two spotted spider mite; Find that doubtful assorted strain in time pulls out; Take measures such as ridging, built to prevent kind of a strain lodging; Pollination is in time pulled out the male parent strain after finishing.The Beijing-Tianjin area is before and after the July 20, and when in the kind strain of field during most of seed flavescence, in time that female parent is capable sterile strain harvesting is concentrated and transported to the threshing ground and carry out airing, threshing, selection by winnowing, packing.The seed of gathering in the sterile strain is first generation cross-fertilize seed.
With celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " is female parent, 35 combinations have been joined in survey, be that to hybridize the combination " CH0816 " that obtains be the celery type to male parent wherein with inbred line " 030963 ", the plant compactness, the petiole contriction is obvious, and is solid, growth is fast, when disease-resistanting leaf spot, autumn outdoor cropping, comparison is according to kind " texts and pictures draw " volume increase 18.5%; With inbred line " 040470 " be male parent to hybridize the combination " CH0828 " that obtains be the intermediate form of celery and real celery, plant is tall and big, plant type is compact, petiole is slightly grown, and solid, crude fiber content is few, warm tolerance is better, disease-resistanting leaf spot, and comparison is according to " the real celery of Jin Nan " volume increase 26.8%.With inbred line " 0628140 " is that to hybridize the combination " CH0831 " that obtains be the intermediate form of celery and real celery to male parent, plant is tall and big, and plant type is compact, and petiole is directly grown, ventral groove is shallow, solid, petiole bottom epidermis has purple, along with moving on the position, purple changes strong green gradually into, warm tolerance is better, disease-resistanting leaf spot, and comparison is according to " huge red " volume increase 24.5%.
Claims (2)
1. the selection of a celery cytoplasmic male sterile line, it is characterized in that with celery material " 021542 " be female parent, with leaf celery material " 022047 " is male parent, obtain F1 by Artificial Control hybridization, from F1 colony, select flower pesticide thin and hollow, the male sterile plant that is faint in color is the cytoplasmic male sterility source, through backcrossing with five generations of celery " 021542 ", obtains the celery cytoplasmic male sterile line " 0863A " of inheritance stability; The sterile plant rate of this male sterile line and sterile degree all reach 100%; The male parent of backcrossing correspondingly is maintenance line " 0863B ".
2. one kind is adopted the numerous method of making crossbreed of the described celery cytoplasmic male sterile line of claim 1, it is characterized in that at first male sterile line " 0863A " and maintenance line " 0863B " being sowed simultaneously, and with 2: 1 ratio interlacing field planting in same plot with strict isolation condition, expand numerous male sterile line " 0863A " and maintenance line " 0863B " original seed of obtaining; And then according to the breeding plan that pre-establishes, the corresponding male parent that male sterile line " 0863A " original seed and apolegamy is good is that original seed is sowed simultaneously, and with 3: 1 ratio interlacing field planting in having the hybrid seeding field of good isolation condition, pollination is thoroughly pulled out the male parent strain after finishing, after treating the seed yellow maturity, the seed of gathering from the male sterile line plant is needed first generation cross-fertilize seed.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104396730A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-11 | 天津科润农业科技股份有限公司 | Hybrid pollination method of celery and application of method |
| CN110029189A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-07-19 | 中国农业大学 | The molecular labeling and application that a kind of and celery cell matter male sterility gene isolates |
| CN112314431A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-05 | 海南瑞民农业科技有限公司 | Crossbreeding method of high-yield disease-resistant celery |
-
2010
- 2010-09-13 CN CN2010102793141A patent/CN101999311A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104396730A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-11 | 天津科润农业科技股份有限公司 | Hybrid pollination method of celery and application of method |
| CN110029189A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-07-19 | 中国农业大学 | The molecular labeling and application that a kind of and celery cell matter male sterility gene isolates |
| CN112314431A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-05 | 海南瑞民农业科技有限公司 | Crossbreeding method of high-yield disease-resistant celery |
| CN112314431B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-09-28 | 海南瑞民农业科技有限公司 | Crossbreeding method of high-yield disease-resistant celery |
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