CN102415333B - Breeding method for lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle early budding varieties - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a breeding method for lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle early budding varieties. Through the collection and transplanting on wild lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle female strains and through the property observation, detection, screening, evaluation, micropropagation and stability screening on the early budding strains, the lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle early budding varieties with the property that the initial budding period is May 23 to May 25 in the Wuling mountainous area, and the early budding varieties bred in the mode have the advantages that the property is stable, the chlorogenic acid content is high, the flower yield is high, the resistance is high, and the plant disease and insect pest resistance capability is high. Compared with ordinary honeysuckle, the lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle early budding varieties have the advantages that the flower yield is improved by 45.6 to 47.3 percent, and the chlorogenic acid content is increased by 1.5 percent. Because the budding period is brought forward, the harvesting period is also brought forward, the segment harvesting is favorably realized, and the problem of labor lack in the busy harvesting season is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant variety breeding technique field, particularly the selection of lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle flower bud kind morning.
Background technology
Honeysuckle belongs to Caprifoliaceae woodbine largeflower-like honeysuckle flower, herb all can be used as medicine, bud contains volatile aromatic oil, inositol, saponin(e, chlorogenic acid, flavonoids, cinnamic acid, nerol, jasminal etc., contain alkaloid in the stem, contain lonicerin and sweet-scented osmanthus element etc. in the leaf, being one of traditional Chinese medicine material, also is the raw material of medicine-food two-purpose, has clearing heat and detoxicating, wind-heat dissipating, the effect of hepatic cholagogic is used for the swollen furunculosis of carbuncle, larynx numbness always in traditional Chinese medical science field, erysipelas, toxic-heat and blood stasis, anemopyretic cold, the treatment of warm morbidity; Now more for health care's tea-drinking, the Lonicera flower tea pleasant aroma, can make beverage, control heatstroke in midsummer, the infection of the upper respiratory tract, anemopyretic cold and gastrointestinal disease there is good effect, to removing human free radical, delay senility, improve human immunologic function etc. and have good effect, thereby it also is the health-care good product that hypertension and cardiovascular system patient reduce cholesterol; Honeysuckle integrates views and admires medicinal, economic worth is high, market demand is very large, all plant it as the Important Economic crop in a large number in various places, the highest part of medicinal value is the gold and silver bud in the honeysuckle herb, and common gold and silver bud is generally early and middle ten days knot flower bud in June, only 7-10 days flower bud phase, have enough time to pluck complete the time when the flower-grower is also useless, bud has just been bloomed, and greatly reduces the medical value of honeysuckle, reduced economic benefit, therefore seed selection flower bud kind morning not only is conducive to segmentation and gathers, and can also improve the quality of products.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the early selection of flower bud kind of a kind of lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle, to avoid the peak period of gathering, being conducive to segmentation gathers, and it is stable to cultivate proterties, and the honeysuckle that chlorogenic acid content is high, flower yield is high, strong stress resistance, diseases and insect pests resistance are strong is the flower bud kind early.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is the early selection of flower bud kind of lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle, and concrete grammar is:
⑴ maternal plant gathers and transplants: gathering kind is the wild lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle of Wuling mountain area, select anosis wooden rattan cuttage seeding 20,000 strains of above robust growth in three ages, transplant to the land for growing field crops according to distance between rows and hills 2.5X2.5m, and carry out conventional field management, name into F1 for cultivated population;
⑵ early character observation and the mensuration of flower bud plant: F1 for cultivated population in, the Wuling mountain area place of production being tied the plant individual plant of flower bud before May 28 lists, the date of recording start knot flower bud, and the botany proterties (plant height of investigation flower bud individual plant morning, diameter, the stem look, branch amount, leaf, the blade size, the leaf look, the cauline leaf smooth degree, the minor matters spacing, inflorescence, the flowers number, single bunch of bud quantity, the bud color, smell, length, thickness, adopt the flower bud phase, corolla, thousand bud fresh weights, individual plant bud output), divide plant to gather the assay that knot flower bud bud early carries out respectively the active ingredients such as chlorogenic acid and galuteolin;
⑶ early the individual plant screening of flower bud plant: select knot flower bud before May 28, well developed root system, robust plant, bunch flower bud is many, single plant yield is high, component content meets " flower bud individual plant morning of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 version requirement;
⑷ early flower bud individual plant clonal plant estimates and screening: to above-mentioned flower bud individual plant morning of picking out, clip diameter 0.5-1.0cm, growing way stalwartness, undamaged branch carry out cottage propagation and grow seedlings, set up the clonal plant garden, name for F2 for cultivated population, observe early whether genetic stability of flower bud proterties, whether the botany proterties of investigating plant is stable, and carry out respectively active constituent content measuring, determine well developed root system, robust plant, bunch flower bud is many, single plant yield is high, component content meets " flower bud clonal plant morning that the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 version requires;
⑸ early flower bud clonal plant expanding propagation and screening in strong sprout: to satisfactory morning the flower bud clonal plant carry out the land for growing field crops expanding propagation, clip diameter 0.5-1.0cm, growing way stalwartness, undamaged branch carry out cottage breeding, name for F3 for cultivated population, carry out chlorogenic acid and galuteolin assay behind the knot flower bud, according to " the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 version requires standard to obtain 100 of healthy and strong early flower bud individual plants;
⑹ stability screening: continue to adopt Technique on Cuttage Propagation, carry out continuously cultivating screening in 3 years, occur until botany proterties and active ingredient index are stable, and be determined and have stability, the uniformity of each index reaches 95%;
⑺ variety comparative test and production test: after proterties is stable, carrying out continuously 2 years product compares and production test, it is 23-25 day in May that acquired character is initially tied the flower bud phase at Wuling mountain area, and full-bloom stage is 30-June 3 May, and Flowers ending is lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle flower bud kind morning of 5-7 day in June; Its characteristic is: blade is smooth to life, wide lanceolar, blade face, the attached grey felt of blade back hair; Spray is dark red, and the branch that is formed by the bud of surviving the winter is Their First Branch, grows into to a certain degree apical growing point and stops differentiation, forms the secondary branch by the axillary bud growth of Their First Branch, forms successively three, the level Four branch, long 30-50cm, interval 1.5-4cm; Knot flower cluster is comprised of 5 inflorescences between the branches and leaves armpit, and each inflorescence has 20-50 bud, and the knot flower bud is neatly full, and bud stage is consistent, and stamen is one piece in the flower, 5 pieces of gynoeciums, the same flower bud of male and female; Late September fruit maturation, spherical berry, gray purple, many in seed is planted the paper coffee look; Kind strong stress resistance, disease and insect resistance, high temperature resistance are freezing; The 4 years bright flower bud output of living individual plant 12.8-13.2kg, bud chlorogenic acid content 6.4-6.7%, galuteolin content 0.050-0.075%; This lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle early flower bud kind is named and is No. 1, Red Star.
The selection that No. 1, lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle flower bud kind morning Red Star provided by the invention, its advantage is as follows:
1. carry out the proterties collection with wild maternal plant, the offspring uses the vegetative propagation of maternal plant branch cutting, and genetic stability is good like this.
Early the flower bud kind since the flower bud phase in advance, also shift to an earlier date picking time, is beneficial to segmentation and gathers, the contradiction of the busy season labour anxiety of avoiding gathering.
3. flower bud kind morning of seed selection is in this way compared with common honeysuckle, and flower yield has improved 45.6-47.3%, and chlorogenic acid content has increased by 1.5%.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is early No. 1 breed breeding flow chart of flower bud kind Red Star of lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
The Xiushan that is located in Wuling mountain area was one of major production areas of China production honeysuckle, and our company carries out the systematic breeding of improved seeds in the wild lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle of Wuling mountain area colony in beginning in 2003.
At first select anosis anosis wooden rattan cuttage seeding 20,000 strains of wild lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle of above robust growth in three ages, transplant to the land for growing field crops according to distance between rows and hills 2.5X2.5m, and carry out conventional field management, name into F1 for cultivated population; Then the plant individual plant of knot flower bud before May 25 is listed, the date of recording start knot flower bud, and the botany proterties (plant height of investigation flower bud individual plant morning, diameter, the stem look, leaf, the blade size, the leaf look, the cauline leaf smooth degree, the minor matters spacing, inflorescence, single bunch of bud quantity, the bud color, smell, length, thickness, adopt the flower bud phase, corolla, thousand bud fresh weights, individual plant bud output), divide plant to gather the assay that knot flower bud bud early carries out respectively the active ingredients such as chlorogenic acid and galuteolin, and pick out knot flower bud before May 25, well developed root system, robust plant, bunch flower bud is many, single plant yield is high, component content meets " flower bud individual plant morning that the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 version requires.
Then flower bud individual plant morning to picking out, clip diameter 0.5-1.0cm, growing way stalwartness, undamaged branch carry out cottage propagation and grow seedlings, set up the clonal plant garden, name for F2 for cultivated population, observe early whether genetic stability of flower bud proterties, whether the botany proterties of investigating plant is stable, and carries out respectively active constituent content measuring, determines well developed root system, robust plant, bunch flower bud is many, single plant yield is high, component content meets " flower bud clonal plant morning of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 version requirement;
To satisfactory morning the flower bud clonal plant carry out the land for growing field crops expanding propagation, clip diameter 0.5-1.0cm, growing way stalwartness, undamaged branch carry out cottage breeding, name for F3 for cultivated population, carry out chlorogenic acid and galuteolin assay behind the knot flower bud, according to " the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 version requires standard to obtain 1000 of healthy and strong early flower bud individual plants; Continue to adopt Technique on Cuttage Propagation, carry out continuously cultivating screening in 3 years, occur until botany proterties and active ingredient index are stable, and be determined and have stability, the uniformity of each index reaches 95%;
After proterties is stable, carries out continuously 2 years product and compare and production test, it is 23-25 day in May that acquired character is initially tied the flower bud phase at Wuling mountain area, and full-bloom stage is 30-June 3 May, and Flowers ending is lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle flower bud kind morning of 5-7 day in June; Its characteristic is: blade is smooth to life, wide lanceolar, blade face, the attached grey felt of blade back hair; Spray is dark red, and the branch that is formed by the bud of surviving the winter is Their First Branch, grows into to a certain degree apical growing point and stops differentiation, forms the secondary branch by the axillary bud growth of Their First Branch, forms successively three, the level Four branch, long 30-50cm, interval 1.5-4cm; Knot flower cluster is comprised of 5 inflorescences between the branches and leaves armpit, and each inflorescence has 20-50 bud, and the knot flower bud is neatly full, and bud stage is consistent, and stamen is one piece in the flower, 5 pieces of gynoeciums, the same flower bud of male and female; Late September fruit maturation, spherical berry, gray purple, many in seed is planted the paper coffee look; Kind strong stress resistance, disease and insect resistance, high temperature resistance are freezing; The 4 years bright flower bud output of living individual plant 12.8-13.2kg, bud chlorogenic acid content 6.4-6.7%, galuteolin content 0.050-0.075%; This lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle early flower bud kind is named and is No. 1, Red Star.
Compare with common largeflower-like honeysuckle flower, Red Star flower bud kind No. 1 morning bud shifts to an earlier date 7-10 days picking time, and flower yield has improved 45.6-47.3%, and chlorogenic acid content has increased by 1.5%.
Table 1: lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle different cultivars biological character is (average) unit: cm relatively
| ? | Plant height | Branch amount | Interval | Leaf is long | Leaf is wide | The flowers number | Single bunch of number of flowers | Bud length | Thousand buds are heavy | 3 age single plant yield |
| Common largeflower-like honeysuckle flower | 55 | 20 | 6.5 | 7.23 | 4.35 | 23 | 41 | 3.4 | 46g | 4.10kg |
| No. 1, Red Star | 110 | 50 | 3.5 | 6.35 | 4.52 | 55 | 88 | 6.2 | 79g | 5.97kg |
Table 2: lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle different cultivars active constituent content is (average) relatively
| ? | Chlorogenic acid | Galuteolin |
| Common largeflower-like honeysuckle flower | 6.3% | 0.50‰ |
| No. 1, Red Star | 6.5% | 0.71‰ |
Table 3:Lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle different cultivars observed result in flowering stage is (the 3rd, 4 year) relatively
Claims (1)
1. the lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle selection of flower bud kind early is characterized in that operating procedure is as follows:
⑴ maternal plant gathers and transplants: gathering kind is the wild lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle of Wuling mountain area, select anosis wooden rattan cuttage seeding 20,000 strains of above robust growth in three ages, transplant to the land for growing field crops according to distance between rows and hills 2.5 * 2.5m, and carry out conventional field management, name into F1 for cultivated population;
⑵ early character observation and the mensuration of flower bud plant: F1 for cultivated population in, the Wuling mountain area place of production being tied the plant individual plant of flower bud before May 28 lists, the date of recording start knot flower bud, and investigation flower bud individual plant morning plant height, diameter, the stem look, branch amount, leaf, the blade size, the leaf look, the cauline leaf smooth degree, the minor matters spacing, inflorescence, the flowers number, single bunch of bud quantity, the bud color, smell, length, thickness, adopt the flower bud phase, corolla, thousand bud fresh weights, the botany proterties of individual plant bud output, minute plant gather the assay that knot flower bud bud early carries out respectively chlorogenic acid and galuteolin active ingredient;
⑶ early the individual plant screening of flower bud plant: select knot flower bud before May 28, well developed root system, robust plant, bunch flower bud is many, single plant yield is high, component content meets " flower bud individual plant morning of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 version requirement;
⑷ early flower bud individual plant clonal plant estimates and screening: to above-mentioned flower bud individual plant morning of picking out, clip diameter 0.5-1.0cm, growing way stalwartness, undamaged branch carry out cottage propagation and grow seedlings, set up the clonal plant garden, name for F2 for cultivated population, observe early whether genetic stability of flower bud proterties, whether the botany proterties of investigating plant is stable, and carry out respectively active constituent content measuring, determine well developed root system, robust plant, bunch flower bud is many, single plant yield is high, component content meets " flower bud clonal plant morning that the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 version requires;
⑸ early flower bud clonal plant expanding propagation and screening in strong sprout: to satisfactory morning the flower bud clonal plant carry out the land for growing field crops expanding propagation, clip diameter 0.5-1.0cm, growing way stalwartness, undamaged branch carry out cottage breeding, name for F3 for cultivated population, carry out chlorogenic acid and galuteolin assay behind the knot flower bud, according to " the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 version requires standard to obtain 100 of healthy and strong early flower bud individual plants;
⑹ stability screening: continue to adopt Technique on Cuttage Propagation, carry out continuously cultivating screening in 3 years, occur until botany proterties and active ingredient index are stable, and be determined and have stability, the uniformity of each index reaches 95%;
⑺ variety comparative test and production test: after proterties is stable, carrying out continuously 2 years product compares and production test, it is 23-25 day in May that acquired character is initially tied the flower bud phase at Wuling mountain area, and full-bloom stage is 30-June 3 May, and Flowers ending is lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle flower bud kind morning of 5-7 day in June; Its characteristic is: blade is smooth to life, wide lanceolar, blade face, the attached grey felt of blade back hair; Spray is dark red, and the branch that is formed by the bud of surviving the winter is Their First Branch, grows into to a certain degree apical growing point and stops differentiation, forms the secondary branch by the axillary bud growth of Their First Branch, forms successively three, the level Four branch, long 30-50cm, interval 1.5-4cm; Knot flower cluster is comprised of 5 inflorescences between the branches and leaves armpit, and each inflorescence has 20-50 bud, and the knot flower bud is neatly full, and bud stage is consistent, and stamen is one piece in the flower, 5 pieces of gynoeciums, the same flower bud of male and female; Late September fruit maturation, spherical berry, gray purple, many in seed is planted the paper coffee look; Kind strong stress resistance, disease and insect resistance, high temperature resistance are freezing; The 4 years bright flower bud output of living individual plant 12.8-13.2kg, bud chlorogenic acid content 6.4-6.7%, galuteolin content 0.050-0.075%; This lonicera macranthoides honeysuckle early flower bud kind is named and is No. 1, Red Star.
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| CN103229715B (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2016-07-06 | 张龙霏 | Flos Lonicerae " Radix Ophiopogonis No. three " late flowering variety selection |
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| CN103988774A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-20 | 贵定县隆达金银花科技发展有限公司 | Method for hybridizing and breeding medicinal honeysuckle |
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