CN103340069B - The not selection and its implantation methods of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind - Google Patents
The not selection and its implantation methods of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind Download PDFInfo
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- CN103340069B CN103340069B CN201310230030.7A CN201310230030A CN103340069B CN 103340069 B CN103340069 B CN 103340069B CN 201310230030 A CN201310230030 A CN 201310230030A CN 103340069 B CN103340069 B CN 103340069B
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- cymose buckwheat
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of selections and its implantation methods of not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind, it is material to select Diploid Perennial F. megaspartanium of the shattering rate less than 60%, make mutually to be hybridized between F. megaspartanium plant, the kind that shattering rate is less than 20% is selected from the offspring of hybridization, that is, obtains not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind.The present invention relates to the use of perennial characteristic reduces cultivation cost, and the breeding of shattering type cymose buckwheat rhizome plant does not tame wild cymose buckwheat rhizome at raise crop at new varieties for selection and breeding, and the method for carrying out standardized cultivation and seed production.The special drought resisting of not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind, barren-resistant and resistant to lodging of the present invention can be used for deserted mountain cultivation, i.e., mulching soil is kept ecological balance, and has multiple economic value, can be used for the productions such as vegetables, health protection tea, buckwheat rice and buckwheat powder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural sciences, the selection of especially a kind of not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind and its plantation side
Method.
Background technology
At present cultivation buckwheat type be general buck wheat (sweet tea buckwheat,Fagopyrum esculentumMoench）And bitter buckwheat
(Fagopyrum tataricumGartn.), all it is to harvest the annual herb plant of seed as the main purpose.It is given birth to
Phase is short, can harvest a season within general 2-4 months.But yield is relatively low.Usual general buck wheat yield is less than 80Kg/mu, and bitter buckwheat is low
In 150kg/mu.And every season is required for carrying out seed sowing, and cultivation cost is higher.
Perennial cymose buckwheat rhizome (Fagopyrum cymosumComplex, cymose buckwheat rhizome compound) it is nearest with cultivation buckwheat
The wild perennial buckwheat type of edge, can be divided into three types：Diploid F. megaspartanium (F. megaspartanium
QF.Chen), the wild buckwheat of diploid hair (F. pilusQF.Chen), allotetraploid cymose buckwheat rhizome (F. cymosum).These three
Morphologically some are approximate for type, therefore are usually collectively referred to as cymose buckwheat rhizome compound.Wherein hair open country buckwheat is mainly distributed on Tibet, and
And seed is small, culture and utility value is low.Tetraploid cymose buckwheat rhizome is not in great numbers enough, and seed is not full, although being not easy shattering, profit
It is low with being worth.F. megaspartanium is to be distributed most extensively, the big grain of seed, growth perennial type the most in great numbers, during rhizome is main
One of medicinal material usually only utilize its rhizome for pharmacy in production, does not utilize seed.And the nutritive value of its seed such as albumen
Matter content etc. is apparently higher than the cultivation buckwheat in production at present.But natural F. megaspartanium plant seed is particularly easy to threshing so that
The harvest of seed is very difficult.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is：A kind of selection and its implantation methods of not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind are provided, it was both solved
It has determined the problem of reducing cultivation cost in agricultural production, has also solved the problems, such as F. megaspartanium seed shattering, to be agricultural production
On provide a completely new cereal crops and its seed production methods.
The invention is realized in this way：The not selection of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind, cymose buckwheat rhizome wild resource are especially big
Wild buckwheat plant is distributed widely in wide geographic area such as Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, lake on the south Chinese the Yellow River
North, Jiangsu, Zhejiang etc..And there is some difference in seed holding for the local population of separate sources.Shattering rate is selected to be less than 60%
Diploid Perennial F. megaspartanium is material, makes phase mutual cross between F. megaspartanium plant, it is small that progeny population can isolate shattering rate
In the high plant of 20%, plant type and single plant yield, these plant expand numerous i.e. acquisition not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind through isolation.
The not implantation methods of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind, the seed of above-mentioned not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind is red by 100ppm
Mycin solution or 80ppm indolebutyric acids solution water-bath 30 minutes at 50 DEG C, then sowed by 30~50cm of spacing；Or it uses
Stalk was cut into the stem section saved with 2-3 by segment rapid propagation method before cymose buckwheat rhizome seedling stage or full-bloom stage, and biology is upper
Upward, 100ppm Gibberellins solutions or 80ppm indolebutyric acid solution are prepared, by clean gauze in 100ppm Gibberellins solutions or
It after 80ppm indolebutyric acid solution soaks, is laid on porcelain dish, 100ppm Gibberellins solutions or 80ppm indolebutyric acid solution will be passed through
It soaks overnight cymose buckwheat rhizome stem section to be put on above-mentioned gauze, then covers same moistening gauze, each cymose buckwheat rhizome stem section upper
It saves exposed, then covers moisturizing with film or disk cover, cymose buckwheat rhizome stem section bottom section can bear fibrous root after 3~5 days, and upper section is formed
Sprouting can transplant crop field after 6~8 days, require to pour root water when transplanting crop field, and keep 1 week moisture supply；During cultivation
Insect prevention diseases prevention can start to harvest in the maturity period after 90% or more fruit becomes ripe color.
Since this cymose buckwheat rhizome is to come from wild-type buckwheat, seed has very strong suspend mode, with seminal propagation, it is necessary to carry out
Vernalization is handled, and is found by experiment that 100ppm Gibberellins solutions (in the market 920) or 80ppm indolebutyric acids solution at 60 DEG C
Lower water-bath 30 minutes, can eliminate seed dormancy.
Many management, mainly insect prevention diseases prevention problem are not needed after field production generally.The Major Pests of cymose buckwheat rhizome are
Lepidopterous insects, Major Diseases are rust, the less generation of most cases.
Mechanized harvest may be used in harvest, can also use hand harvest, threshing is patted after drying.Gained seed can be with
Common Cultivation buckwheat equally shells into buckwheat rice or makes the derivative food of buckwheat rice.
The present invention carry out buckwheat seed production period be i.e. 1 year 1 year season harvest seed it is primary, can also receive within 1 year
Obtain 2 times, without sowing again since the 2nd year, perennial rhizome can self-growth until seed maturity and harvest, therefore plant
Training cost minimize, due to cymose buckwheat rhizome rhizome can only can be overwintering on the south the Yellow River, this method is more suited to each province on the south the Yellow River
Area needs to pay attention to when the area for being unable to safe overwintering uses and carries out antifreeze processing.
Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention reduces cultivation cost, selection and breeding not shattering using perennial characteristic
The breeding of type cymose buckwheat rhizome plant tames wild cymose buckwheat rhizome at raise crop, and carry out standardized cultivation and seed at new varieties
Production.The present invention is after first time cultivates, annual only to carry out simple Routine Management and harvest i.e. later without sowing again
It can get comparable seed production.Since shattering can not harvest seed, buckwheat rice, buckwheat powder and various buckwheat foods thus can be made；
The tender point that stalk can be won when seedling stage makees vegetables use；Its tender leaf and inflorescence can be fabricated to leaf tea, jasmine tea rich in Flavonoid substances；
Its root can make cymose buckwheat rhizome root medicine materical crude slice, and purposes is more and extensive.The special drought resisting of not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind of the present invention is barren-resistant
With it is resistant to lodging, can be used for deserted mountain cultivation, not only mulching soil was kept ecological balance, but also had multiple economic value.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention 1：The not selection of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind, first from Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan,
Guangxi, Tibet, Qinghai, the Chongqing fields Deng Di largely acquire F. megaspartanium different plants and population, cultivate, compare under condition of similarity
The seed holding degree of different plants.The final Diploid Perennial F. megaspartanium chosen shattering rate and be less than 60%, the plant that will have been chosen
Cultivation allows it to carry out under natural hybrization or manual control sexual hybridization pollination and solid in a plot；Hybridization is obtained again
Offspring cultivates to a larger plot, forms the segregating population of strains up to ten thousand or more, therefrom selects economical character preferable, and yield is latent
Power is higher and shattering rate is less than 20% plant, and is transplanted to a plot being more isolated；These plant are produced seeds again
Son cultivation eliminates its offspring and grows not vigorous, the undesirable plant of plant type to a new isolation plot, continuous 2 years or so, directly
It is more consistent to population characteristics, until yielding ability is preferable, become not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind.
The embodiment of the present invention 2：The not implantation methods of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind：Seeds cultivation method.Sowing can be for the first time
After spring late frost, rural area is first cleaned according to a conventional method, site preparation, draws case.The width of case can be carried out according to the preference of oneself
Setting, is primarily to facilitate harvest.If any the requirement of the mechanized harvests such as combine harvester, can be carried out by corresponding job requirements
It is arranged, the track of combine harvester wheel walking is reserved between case.It is broadcast using row in case, line space 30-50cm.Seed need through
100ppm gibberellin (in the market 920) 60 DEG C of solution water-bath 30 minutes is crossed, to eliminate seed dormancy, then presses spacing 30-50cm
It is sowed；Many management, mainly insect prevention diseases prevention problem are not needed after field production generally, the Major Pests of cymose buckwheat rhizome are
Lepidopterous insects, Major Diseases are rust, the less generation of most cases；(3) florescence promotes the measure of yield：Cymose buckwheat rhizome is style
The insect pollination plant of different length, if the florescence can put bee can it is larger improve cymose buckwheat rhizome yield；(4) it harvests：Under above-mentioned cultivation, one
As summer or fall flowering and as a result, can start to harvest after 90% or more fruit becomes ripe color, joint may be used and receive
Cutting mill mechanized harvest, can also hand harvest, threshing is patted after drying, gained seed can carry out as Common Cultivation buckwheat
It shells into buckwheat rice or makes the derivative food of buckwheat rice.
Embodiment 3：The not implantation methods of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind：It is rooted method for transplanting with stem section.In cymose buckwheat rhizome seedling stage
Or before full-bloom stage, stalk is cut into the stem section saved with 2-3, biology is upper upward, prepares 80ppm indolebutyric acid solution, will
Clean gauze is laid on after 80ppm indolebutyric acid solution soaks on porcelain dish, will be by the gold of 80ppm indolebutyric acid solutions overnights
Buckwheat stem section is put on above-mentioned gauze, then covers same moistening gauze, and the section of each cymose buckwheat rhizome stem section upper is exposed, then with thin
Film or disk cover are covered to keep humidity, reduce moisture loss, and fibrous root can be born in 25 degree of lower 3 days cymose buckwheat rhizome stem sections bottom sections,
And upper section sends out sprouting, can transplant crop field within 7 days or so；It requires to pour root water when transplanting crop field, and the moisture kept for 1 week supplies
It answers.Insect prevention diseases prevention during cultivation can start to harvest after result after 90% or more fruit becomes ripe color.
Embodiment 4：The not implantation methods of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind：Divide pocket method for transplanting.Cymose buckwheat rhizome has perennial expand
Rhizome above has many buds and many fibrous roots, which is cut into several fritters with bud and fibrous root, according to embodiment 3
Method is transplanted.Insect prevention diseases prevention during cultivation can start after result after 90% or more fruit becomes ripe color
Harvest.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of selection of not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind, it is characterised in that：From Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan, Guangxi, west
It hides, the field acquisition F. megaspartanium different plants and population in Qinghai and Chongqing, it is more less than 60% diploid from shattering rate is wherein selected
Year, raw F. megaspartanium was material, made phase mutual cross between its plant, and the product that shattering rate is less than 20% are selected from the offspring of hybridization
Kind, that is, obtain not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind.
2. a kind of implantation methods of not shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned is not fallen
The seed of grain cymose buckwheat rhizome kind passes through 100ppm Gibberellins solutions water-bath 30 minutes at 50 DEG C, then is carried out by 30~50cm of spacing
Sowing；Or segment rapid propagation method is used, before cymose buckwheat rhizome seedling stage or full-bloom stage, stalk is cut into the stem section saved with 2-3,
Biology is upper upward, prepares 100ppm Gibberellins solutions or 80ppm indolebutyric acid solution, and clean gauze is red mould in 100ppm
It after plain solution or 80ppm indolebutyric acid solution soak, is laid on porcelain dish, 100ppm Gibberellins solutions or 80ppm indoles will be passed through
Butyric acid solution soaks overnight cymose buckwheat rhizome stem section and is put on above-mentioned gauze, then covers same moistening gauze, each cymose buckwheat rhizome stem section
The section of upper is exposed, then covers moisturizing with film or disk cover, and cymose buckwheat rhizome stem section bottom section can bear fibrous root after 3~5 days, on
Position section forms sprouting, and crop field can be transplanted after 6~8 days, requires to pour root water when transplanting crop field, and keeps 1 week moisture supply；
Insect prevention diseases prevention during cultivation can start to harvest in the maturity period after 90% or more fruit becomes ripe color.
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| CN201310230030.7A CN103340069B (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2013-06-09 | The not selection and its implantation methods of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind |
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| CN201310230030.7A CN103340069B (en) | 2013-06-09 | 2013-06-09 | The not selection and its implantation methods of shattering cymose buckwheat rhizome kind |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109526729A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-29 | 毕节市七星关区科技办公室(毕节市七星关区知识产权局) | A kind of cymose buckwheat rhizome plantation more conveniently breed breeding method |
| CN110352849B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2022-05-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Breeding method of non-falling dandelion strain |
| CN111480570A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-04 | 贵州师范大学 | Crossbreeding method between wild buckwheat rhizome and tartary buckwheat rhizome and application |
| CN112385539A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-23 | 贵州师范大学 | Breeding method of early-maturing high-quality black rice buckwheat without cracking shells |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2032320C1 (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1995-04-10 | Научно-производственное объединение по зернобобовым и крупяным культурам "Орел" | Method of buck-wheat plant self-pollination |
| CN1243665A (en) * | 1998-08-04 | 2000-02-09 | 农林水产省北海道农业试验场长 | Method for producing F1 hybrid seeds |
| CN101077061A (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2007-11-28 | 贵州师范大学 | Process for preparing hybridization buckwheat |
| CN101268756A (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-09-24 | 高立荣 | Two-series hybrid production technique for general buck wheat |
| CN102228006A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-11-02 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for quickly growing seedling of wild buckwheat rhizome by tissue culture |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01148134A (en) * | 1987-12-03 | 1989-06-09 | Orion Mach Co Ltd | Hybridoma production of buckwheat plants |
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2013
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| RU2032320C1 (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1995-04-10 | Научно-производственное объединение по зернобобовым и крупяным культурам "Орел" | Method of buck-wheat plant self-pollination |
| CN1243665A (en) * | 1998-08-04 | 2000-02-09 | 农林水产省北海道农业试验场长 | Method for producing F1 hybrid seeds |
| CN101268756A (en) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-09-24 | 高立荣 | Two-series hybrid production technique for general buck wheat |
| CN101077061A (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2007-11-28 | 贵州师范大学 | Process for preparing hybridization buckwheat |
| CN102228006A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-11-02 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for quickly growing seedling of wild buckwheat rhizome by tissue culture |
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| 普通荞麦植株茎段快速繁殖技术的研究;黄云华等;《武汉植物学研究》;20090831;第27卷(第4期);第417-422页 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20181226 Address after: 550025 Room B413, 3rd floor, University Science Park, Baiyun District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 36 Baiyun Avenue North Section, Baiyun District, Guizhou Normal University Patentee after: The precious Science and Technology Ltd. of Guizhou Province's buckwheat four Address before: 550002 Biliyuan District C02-901, No. 59 Guanshui Road, Nanming District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province Patentee before: Chen Qingfu |
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Granted publication date: 20181102 Termination date: 20210609 |