CN101990853B - Artificial breeding method of Spisula sachalinensis (Schrenck) - Google Patents
Artificial breeding method of Spisula sachalinensis (Schrenck) Download PDFInfo
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- CN101990853B CN101990853B CN201010537253.4A CN201010537253A CN101990853B CN 101990853 B CN101990853 B CN 101990853B CN 201010537253 A CN201010537253 A CN 201010537253A CN 101990853 B CN101990853 B CN 101990853B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial breeding method of Spisula sachalinensis (Schrenck), which is characterized by comprising the following steps: fishing and catching individuals as parents from a natural environment when the water temperature in a natural sea area is below 12 DEG C in spring; placing the parents in an indoor water body for warming and ripening, feeding the parents with spirulina powder, egg yolk, starch and unicellular algae baits, and breeding at a constant temperature; stimulating the parents to discharge ova and sperms by a chemical method, and incubating oosperms into D-shaped larvas; transferring the D-shaped larvas into a pond for breeding by a silk net, wherein the larva breeding density is 0.5-1 larva/ml, and the D-shaped larvas are fed with Isochrysis zhanjiangensis at the early stage, and are fed with the Isochrysis zhanjiangensis and Tetraselmis at the later stage; collecting and transferring the larvas to another pond for breeding when the shell of the larva grows to 280-300 mu m and feet grows out, and enabling the larvas to finish settlement and metamorphosis at the bottom of the pond by adopting an adherence-free collection technology; and transferring juvenile mollusks to the outdoor for intermediate breeding when the shell of the mollusk grows to 1.5-2mm. By the artificial breeding method of the invention, artificial seedlings of Spisula sachalinensis (Schrenck) can be bred in a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the artificial breeding method of a kind of shellfish, particularly relate to the artificial breeding method of the thick clam in a kind of Karafuto.
Background technology
The thick clam in Karafuto (Pseudocardium sachalinense), is commonly called as Octopus, belongs to lamellibranchiata, different tooth subclass, curtain clam order, clam section, is the cold aqueous shellfish being distributed in Japanese Northern Coastal Region, Karafuto, east, Korea peninsula bank.Becoming shellfish mainly to live in subtidal zone to the dark neritic area, the husky end of 12m, is most important beach economic shellfish in northeastern Japan area and coastal area, Hokkaido.The gross output value of Hokkaido, Japan in 2002 reaches fifty-five million dollar.The thick CONCHA MERETRICID SEU CYCLINAE in Karafuto is thick, in heart-type, individual large, and the long 9-10cm of adult shell, shell height 7-8cm, the wide 4-5cm of shell are extensive to the accommodation of salinity.Karafuto thick clam 1-3 growth rate is the fastest, and 1 year shell length can grow to 4cm, within 3 years, can reach more than 8cm.
The thick clam in Karafuto is precious marine product famous and precious in the world, and due to the tender deliciousness of its meat, pinkiness after the foot heating of edible part, bright-colored beauty, in the raw fish cooking of Japan, is the shellfish liked by people.Compared with other marine shellfishes, the cholesterol level of the thick clam in Karafuto is low, and unsaturated fatty acid content enriches, and nutritive value is very high, and its market demand even exceedes abalone, sea cucumber, and thus the market price is also higher, more than 2 dollars/only.
In recent years, due to excessive amount of fishing, the catch of the thick clam in Japanese Karafuto declines to a great extent.For increasing the natural resources of the thick clam in Karafuto, from the beginning of the nineties in last century, the aquatic products research institution in northern each county of Japan has carried out the research work of the thick clam artificial raise seedling method in Karafuto and enhancement releasing in succession, achieves certain achievement.Substantially the feature of the reproductive habit of the thick clam in Karafuto, habit of growth and embryonic development has been found out; grasp the induced spawning method of artificial breeding; but do not solve the key methods such as young settlement and metamorphosis, juvenile mollusk intermediate rearing; do not set up complete large-scale artificial Seedling production system, do not realize propagating artificially completely of the thick clam in Karafuto.
The ground such as China Shandong, Liaoning have with the similar temperature environment of Japanese northern area and biota kind, Coastal beach can cultured area wide.Karafuto this famous and precious marine shellfish of thick clam is introduced from the Japan north, carrying out the artificial breeding of the thick clam in Karafuto in China, for effectively utilizing China's Tidal Flat Resources, enriching people's material life, increase foreign exchange earnings from exports, tackling the problem of employment of the labor force etc. has great importance.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the artificial breeding method of the thick clam in a kind of Karafuto, it can meet the demand of prior art.
An artificial breeding method for the thick clam in Karafuto, is characterized in that when spring, natural waters water temperature was below 12 DEG C, adopt from natural environment catch the long 8 ~ 12cm of shell individuality as parent; This parent is placed in indoor water body and carries out conditionting culture, raise with spirulina powder, yolk, starch and Micro Algae bait, when being warming up to 23.5 ~ 24.5 DEG C, constant temperature is cultivated; Chemically stimulate parent to discharge smart ovum, fertilized egg is hatched to the D shape young through 22 ~ 24h; With 300 ~ 320 mesh sieve tulles, the D shape young is moved to 10 ~ 15m
3cultivate in pond, cultivation water is through secondary sand filtration, salinity 28 ~ 32, water temperature 24 ~ 26 DEG C, and larval culture density is 0.5 ~ 1/ml, day quantity of exchanged water be cultivate 1/3 ~ 1/2, the D shape young of water body to raise in early days with lsochrysis zhanjiangensis, the later stage adds feeds flat algae; When shell reaches 280 ~ 300 μm, the young starts to occur foot, collects the young cultivate to another ponds with 180 ~ 200 mesh sieve tulles, and employing to be collected seedling method without adherance, makes the young complete settlement and metamorphosis at the bottom of pond; When juvenile mollusk is cultivated and reached 1.5 ~ 2mm to shell, move to outdoor and carry out intermediate rearing.
The present invention, according to the reproductive characteristic of the thick clam in Karafuto, adopts in good time and catches wild type, by steps such as parent's accelerating, larval culture, artificial seeding, juvenile mollusk cultivations, establishes artificial seed's mating system of the thick clam in Karafuto.Adopt the artificial breeding method in the present invention, the artificial seed of the thick clam in Karafuto can be cultivated on a large scale.
Embodiment
The artificial breeding method of the thick clam in Karafuto of the present invention, is characterized in that when spring, natural waters water temperature was below 12 DEG C, adopt from natural environment catch the long 8 ~ 12cm of shell individuality as parent; This parent is placed in indoor water body and carries out conditionting culture, raise with spirulina powder, yolk, starch and Micro Algae bait, when being warming up to 23.5 ~ 24.5 DEG C, constant temperature is cultivated; Chemically stimulate parent to discharge smart ovum, fertilized egg is hatched to the D shape young through 22 ~ 24h; With 300 ~ 320 mesh sieve tulles, the D shape young is moved to 10 ~ 15m
3cultivate in pond, cultivation water is through secondary sand filtration, salinity 28 ~ 32, water temperature 24 ~ 26 DEG C, and larval culture density is 0.5 ~ 1/ml, day quantity of exchanged water be cultivate 1/3 ~ 1/2, the D shape young of water body to raise in early days with lsochrysis zhanjiangensis, the later stage adds feeds flat algae; When shell reaches 280 ~ 300 μm, the young starts to occur foot, collects the young cultivate to another ponds with 180 ~ 200 mesh sieve tulles, and employing to be collected seedling method without adherance, makes the young complete settlement and metamorphosis at the bottom of pond; When juvenile mollusk is cultivated and reached 1.5 ~ 2mm to shell, move to outdoor and carry out intermediate rearing.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:
1. parent adopts and catches: when in April, 2010 water temperature less than 12 DEG C, adopts the thick clam in the Karafuto of catching the long 10cm of average shell 120 as breeding parent from NORTHERN KOREA marine site.
2. parent's accelerating: be placed in indoor 15m by adopting the parent caught
3carry out conditionting culture in cement pit, initial water temperature 12 DEG C, yolk of throwing something and feeding, spiral shell and Micro Algae bait, day full dose change water 1 time, when being warming up to 24 DEG C, constant temperature is cultivated.
Described conditionting culture is initial water temperature 12 ~ 14 DEG C, and day heats up 0.5 ~ 1.0 DEG C, rises to 23.5 ~ 24.5 DEG C through 30 ~ 40 days, and constant temperature is cultivated 8 ~ 10 days.
3. the young obtains: after parent's accelerating completes, and chemically stimulates parent to discharge smart ovum, after finding that there is individual discharge, namely proceeds to 15m
3cement pit continues discharge, removes parent after discharge terminates, and fertilized egg is hatched to the D shape young (shell is about 70 μm) through about 24.
Described chemical method is stimulate parent 30 ~ 60 minutes with the ammoniacal liquor of 100 ~ 120ppm concentration, makes it discharge smart ovum.
4. larval culture: collect the D shape young with 300 object bolting silk nets, moved to 15m
3cultivate in pond.Nurturing period, seawater through secondary sand filtration, salinity 30, water temperature 24 DEG C, young density 0.5/ml, day quantity of exchanged water be cultivate water body 1/2; D shape larval culture is thrown something and fed lsochrysis zhanjiangensis in early days, and the later stage adds feeds appropriate flat algae, to ingest situation determination daily ration, feeding quantity, throw something and feed day 6 times according to the young.
Described bolting silk net is the diddle-net that the nylon bolting silk of different mesh is made.
5. settlement and metamorphosis: when young shell reaches 280 μm, starts to occur foot, collects the young cultivate to another pond with 200 mesh sieve tulles, and along with the long-living length of shell, the young phases out into dive life; Adopt and to collect seedling method without adherance, make the young complete metamorphosis at the bottom of cement pit.
Described without the adherance method of collecting seedling be smooth at the bottom of pond, strict sterilization 15 ~ 20m3 cement pit in, do not use any adherance, make the young complete settlement and metamorphosis.
6. juvenile mollusk is cultivated: through the cultivation of about 45d, and attachment juvenile mollusk shell is long-living when growing to about 2mm, juvenile mollusk is moved to outdoor and carries out intermediate rearing.
Described intermediate rearing is by the juvenile mollusk of long for shell 1.5 ~ 2mm, moves to outdoor tank-culture or natural waters cultivation, now need not raise with artitificial food.
The present invention catches wild type, parent's accelerating by adopting in good time, and the young obtains and cultivates, and collects seedling and juvenile mollusk cultivation, establishes the artificial breeding method of the thick clam in Karafuto.
Claims (6)
1. an artificial breeding method for the thick clam in Karafuto, is characterized in that when spring, natural waters water temperature was below 12 DEG C, adopt from natural environment catch the long 8 ~ 12cm of shell individuality as parent; This parent is placed in indoor water body and carries out conditionting culture, raise with spirulina powder, yolk, starch and Micro Algae bait, when being warming up to 23.5 ~ 24.5 DEG C, constant temperature is cultivated; Chemically stimulate parent to discharge smart ovum, fertilized egg is hatched to the D shape young through 22 ~ 24h; With 300 ~ 320 mesh sieve tulles, the D shape young is moved to 10 ~ 15m
3cultivate in pond, cultivation water is through secondary sand filtration, salinity 28 ~ 32, water temperature 24 ~ 26 DEG C, and larvae cultivation density is 0.5 ~ 1/ml, day quantity of exchanged water be cultivate 1/3 ~ 1/2, the D shape young of water body to raise in early days with lsochrysis zhanjiangensis, the later stage adds feeds flat algae; When shell reaches 280 ~ 300 μm, the young starts to occur foot, collects larvas cultivate to another ponds with 180 ~ 200 mesh sieve tulles, and employing to be collected seedling method without adherance, makes larva complete settlement and metamorphosis at the bottom of pond; When juvenile mollusk is cultivated and reached 1.5 ~ 2mm to shell, move to outdoor and carry out intermediate rearing.
2. artificial breeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described conditionting culture is initial water temperature 12 ~ 14 DEG C, and day heats up 0.5 ~ 1.0 DEG C, rises to 23.5 ~ 24.5 DEG C through 30 ~ 40 days, and constant temperature is cultivated 8 ~ 10 days.
3. artificial breeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described chemical method is stimulate parent 30 ~ 60 minutes with the ammoniacal liquor of 100 ~ 120ppm concentration, makes it discharge smart ovum.
4. artificial breeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described bolting silk net is the diddle-net that the nylon bolting silk of different mesh is made.
5. artificial breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described without the adherance method of collecting seedling be smooth at the bottom of pond, strict sterilization 15 ~ 20m3 cement pit in, do not use any adherance, make the young complete settlement and metamorphosis.
6. artificial breeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described intermediate rearing is by the juvenile mollusk of long for shell 1.5 ~ 2mm, moves to outdoor tank-culture or natural waters cultivation, now need not raise with artitificial food.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010537253.4A CN101990853B (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2010-10-29 | Artificial breeding method of Spisula sachalinensis (Schrenck) |
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| CN201010537253.4A CN101990853B (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2010-10-29 | Artificial breeding method of Spisula sachalinensis (Schrenck) |
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| CN101990853A CN101990853A (en) | 2011-03-30 |
| CN101990853B true CN101990853B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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| CN105075938A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-25 | 福建省水产研究所 | Large-scale cultivation method for Tapes dorsatus spats |
| CN106165659B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-11-30 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of giant clam artificial breeding method |
| CN106106272B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-11-23 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of Che oyster artificial breeding method |
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| JP2003319732A (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2003-11-11 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Method for recovering shell meat and its application |
| CN1180682C (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-12-22 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Artificial fry collecting method for buried living type mud flat shell-fish |
| CN1167334C (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-09-22 | 盘山县水产技术推广站 | Method for overwintering and intermidiate breeding clam fry |
| KR101017501B1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2011-02-25 | 박철완 | A intensification method of nutrition for chlorella shellfish or sea squirt |
| JP5068692B2 (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2012-11-07 | 東亜建設工業株式会社 | Clam artificial spawning apparatus and method |
| JP2010057441A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-03-18 | Fisheries Research Agency | Culture system for infaunal bivalve |
| CN101433187B (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2011-05-04 | 大连水产学院 | Artificial breeding method of Mactra chinensis |
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