CN101945895A - 作为用于液体组分的载体材料的预凝胶化淀粉 - Google Patents
作为用于液体组分的载体材料的预凝胶化淀粉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101945895A CN101945895A CN2009801060793A CN200980106079A CN101945895A CN 101945895 A CN101945895 A CN 101945895A CN 2009801060793 A CN2009801060793 A CN 2009801060793A CN 200980106079 A CN200980106079 A CN 200980106079A CN 101945895 A CN101945895 A CN 101945895A
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种负载液体的淀粉材料,其包含固体载体材料和一种或多种液体组分,该固体载体材料是由预凝胶化的、非粒状淀粉材料组成的,该淀粉材料是由片状淀粉颗粒组成的,其中该淀粉颗粒的尺寸分布是这样,即,至少50重量%的该淀粉颗粒的粒度为100-375μm,并且其中BET比表面积小于或者等于0.5m2/g。这里还提供了在食品和动物饲养产品,药品,营养品,农用化学品和化妆品或者个人护理产品中的用途。另外,本发明提供了一种制备所述的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及到一种粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料,其包含固体载体材料和吸附到所述的固体载体材料之中和/或之上的一种或多种液体组分,该固体载体材料是由预凝胶化的、非粒状淀粉材料组成的,该淀粉材料是由片状淀粉颗粒组成的。本发明另外涉及到一种制备所述的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料的方法。另外,本发明涉及所述的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料在食品和动物饲养产品,药品,营养品,农用化学品和化妆品或者个人护理产品中的用途。
发明背景
淀粉是一种多糖,其是在大部分植物细胞中以细粒形式来产生的。这样的淀粉细粒是由高度有序的结晶区域和不太有组织的无定形区域组成。当以这种粒状形态存在时,该淀粉被称作“天然淀粉”。来自不同的植物来源的天然淀粉的结构和组成是广泛变化的,但是全部的细粒是由两种类型的多糖,直链淀粉(通常为20-30%)和支链淀粉(通常为70-80%)组成,这二者都是α-D-葡萄糖聚合物。但是,天然淀粉具有固有的缺点,即,它们不适于许多的应用。所以,已经开发了化学或者物理改性方法,其使得这些不期望的性能变成令人期望的性能。
一种广泛使用的物理改性是淀粉的预凝胶化,其是淀粉细粒中的分子序列的倒塌或者破坏,出现了性能的不可逆变化例如粒状溶胀(水的渗透,这导致了粒状结构中无规性的升高),天然微晶熔融(由于水的渗透导致的淀粉细粒的结晶区域的减少),双折射的损失,和淀粉增溶。与天然淀粉相比,这样的预凝胶化的淀粉基本上可溶于(溶胀)冷水中,而无需蒸煮和立即形成粘度(速溶淀粉)。
预凝胶化的淀粉典型的是通过热,化学或者机械方法来制备的。所使用的具体方法明显的影响预凝胶化的淀粉的物理性能,特别是在冷水中的可润湿性,可分散性和峰粘度。热方法广泛的用作加热,引起结晶区域转化成为无定形区域,由此促进水的渗透和溶胀所述细粒。典型的产生凝胶化的热方法包括喷雾干燥,辊子干燥或者转鼓干燥,挤出,和其他加热/干燥方法。
取决于所用的方法和所使用的具体加工参数,所生产的预凝胶化的淀粉可以失去或者保持它们的粒状结构。该非粒状预凝胶化的淀粉典型的是通过辊子干燥,转鼓干燥,挤出,并且在一些情况中是通过喷雾干燥来制备的,其被广泛的用于不同的技术领域(参见例如US专利No.3607394和5131953)。但是,对于某些应用来说,粒状预凝胶化的淀粉是优先使用的,因为完整的粒状结构赋予了某些性能,例如提高的纹理。这些粒状预凝胶化的淀粉可以通过例如具体的喷雾干燥方法来制备(其引起溶胀和预凝胶化,同时防止细粒形状的破坏),或者通过在含水的有机溶剂例如醇-水混合物中加热,随后干燥来制备(参见例如US专利No.4465702和5037929)。
预凝胶化的淀粉被广泛的用于不同的技术领域中来改变给定产品的粘度或者纹理,而不需要加热。为此原因,例如,众多的食品包含了预凝胶化的淀粉。另外一种重要的应用领域是制药工业,在这里预凝胶化的淀粉传统上用作粘合剂,填料或者分解质,以及来提高药品稳定性和控制改进的递药剂形的释放速率。
最近,据报道预凝胶化的淀粉具有充当载体,用于保持和保护挥发性香味化合物的潜能(Boutboul等人,Carbohydrate Polymers 47(2002):73-82)。Boutboul等人研究了不同淀粉的物理特性(粒度,比表面积和颗粒形状),包括预凝胶化的淀粉,并且将研究了这些物理特性与该淀粉颗粒的保持挥发性香味化合物的能力之间的关系。在该研究中使用了两种不同的预凝胶化的淀粉:预凝胶化的常规玉米淀粉和预凝胶化的(低直链淀粉)蜡质玉米淀粉,二者都是通过转鼓式干燥,从各自的天然淀粉来生产的,其具有非粒状的不同的形状和分别为11-69μm和10-64μm和分别为0.51m2/g和0.54m2/g的比表面积。Boutboul等人发现影响香味保持力的主要因素是比表面积,其取决于淀粉颗粒的形状和尺寸,其中该保持能力随着比表面积的增加而增加。
US4810517涉及一种豆科预凝胶化的冷溶胀性淀粉组分。
虽然在本领域存在着不同的淀粉基材料,其用作液体、固体和挥发性物质的载体或者胶囊化材料,但是这里在工业上仍然需要一种另外的淀粉材料,其具有高的液体组分负载能力,其能够以简单和成本有效的方式来生产。
发明内容
本发明提供一种粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料,其包含固体载体材料和一种或多种吸附到所述的固体载体材料之中和/或之上的液体组分,该固体载体材料是由预凝胶化的、非粒状淀粉材料组成的,该淀粉材料是由片状淀粉颗粒组成的,其的尺寸分布范围为至少50重量%,优选80重量%的该淀粉颗粒的粒度为100μm-375μm,优选125μm-350μm,并且BET比表面积小于或者等于0.5m2/g,优选小于或者等于0.4m2/g。
该粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料是通过将液体组分负载到预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料上来制备的,其中该负载是通过在搅拌下施加,特别是喷涂一种或多种液体组分到该淀粉材料上来进行的。
另外,本发明涉及此处所述的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料的用途,其用于食品和动物饲养产品,药品,营养品,农用化学品和化妆品以及个人护理产品中。
本发明现在将参考下面本发明的具体实施方式和实施例进一步描述。
具体实施方式
本发明基于意料之外的发现,即,与常规的喷雾干燥的预凝胶化的淀粉相比,预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料(其是由至少50重量%的粒度为100μm-375μm的片状淀粉颗粒组成)具有新的和较优的功能,即,优异的液体组分负载能力,并且仍然提供了一种粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料。已知的是小的颗粒尺寸和/或不规则的颗粒形状与高比表面积有关,其依次与高的负载能力有关。为此原因,具有高比表面积的小颗粒一般和优先用于截留或者胶囊化挥发性或者液体物质的目的。该片状淀粉颗粒是相对大的颗粒,并且比表面积低到0.5m2/g或者更低,或者0.4m2/g或者更低,或者甚至小于0.3m2/g。因此令人惊讶的是发现该预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料表现出高的液体组分如油的负载能力,和提供了一种粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料。
当在此使用时,术语“预凝胶化的淀粉”表示一种淀粉,其已经在水存在下进行了化学和/或机械和/或热处理,来减少结晶区域的数目和尺寸以及增加通用结构中的无规性,并且随后进行干燥。典型的,通过凝胶化所引起的结构变化是在损失了双折射和/或在偏振光中的马耳他十字中出现的。预凝胶化的淀粉可以或者可以不失去它们的粒状结构,并且基本上溶解在冷水中,而无需蒸煮。根据本发明,“预凝胶化的淀粉”还可以化学改性来赋予令人期望的性能,例如流动性,疏水性等等。优选本发明所用的预凝胶化的淀粉不是化学改性的。此外,术语“预凝胶化的淀粉”还可以包括部分预凝胶化的淀粉(PPS),其包含可溶的(凝胶化的)和不溶的部分。优选本发明所用的预凝胶化的淀粉是完全或者主要预凝胶化的,即,小于10%,优选小于5%,特别是小于2重量%或者1重量%的结晶区域。
根据本发明,术语“化学地改性”或者“化学改性”包括但不限于交联的淀粉,用抑制老化的嵌段基团改性的淀粉,通过加入亲脂性基团改性的淀粉,乙酰基化的淀粉,羟乙基化的和羟丙基化的淀粉,无机酯化的淀粉,阳离子,阴离子和氧化的淀粉,两性离子淀粉,酶改性的淀粉,及其组合。
此处所用的合适的预凝胶化的淀粉可以源自于任何的天然来源,其中天然涉及到这样的事实,即,所述的淀粉是在自然界发现的。典型的淀粉来源是谷类,块茎,根,豆类,水果淀粉和杂交淀粉。合适的来源包括但不限于玉米,豌豆,土豆,红薯,高粱,香蕉,大麦,小麦,大米,西米,苋菜,木薯,竹芋,美人蕉,和低直链淀粉(包含不大于大约10重量%的直链淀粉,优选不大于5%)或者高直链淀粉(包含至少大约40重量%的直链淀粉)其品种。同样合适的是源自于基因改性淀粉农作物的淀粉。此处所用的优选的淀粉具有低于40%的直链淀粉含量,包括具有小于1%的直链淀粉含量的蜡质玉米淀粉。特别优选的淀粉包括大米,小麦,木薯,玉米和马铃薯淀粉,特别是玉米淀粉。
作为此处使用的,“非粒状淀粉材料”指的是这样的淀粉材料,其是由不具有粒状形状的颗粒组成。“粒状形状”目的是表示粗球体或者椭圆体形状,并且包括球形颗粒,该颗粒在它的一个或者多个部分中具有缺口,例如通过常规的喷雾干燥方法所生产的球形淀粉颗粒。“片状”淀粉颗粒在这里使用时,是这样一种颗粒,其失去了它的粒状结构,并且具有不规则的平坦的或者厚的板或者片的不同形状。典型的,辊子干燥或者转鼓干燥方法产生了这样的片状淀粉颗粒。
预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料是用片状淀粉颗粒的尺寸分布来表征的,以使得至少50重量%的淀粉颗粒的粒度为100μm-375μm,通过过筛分析来测量。优选至少80%,更优选至少90%,仍然更优选至少95%和最优选100重量%的淀粉颗粒的粒度是100μm-375μm。另外优选的是至少80%,90%,95%或者100重量%的淀粉颗粒的粒度是125μm-350μm,更优选是125μm-325μm和最优选是125μm-300μm。
该预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料的BET比表面积典型的不高于0.5m2/g,优选小于或者等于0.4m2/g,和更优选小于或者等于0.3m2/g。特别优选的是对于该预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料来说,至少50重量%,优选80重量%的该淀粉颗粒的粒度是100μm-375μm,并且BET比表面积小于或者等于0.5m2/g,优选小于或者等于0.4m2/g。
根据本发明,该预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料可以包括少量的一种或多种添加剂,优选其总量不大于10重量%,更优选不大于5重量%,最优选是0%-1重量%,基于淀粉颗粒的总重量。
这些任选存在的添加剂是加入到用于制备本发明的预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料的起始淀粉浆体或者糊中的。添加剂的例子包括但不限于加工助剂,例如用于提高气泡形成的试剂,表面活性剂和乳化剂,以及其他成分,例如盐,糖,脂肪,树胶和水状胶质。虽然不是优选的,但是包括在该预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料中的添加剂也可以是已经加入到所形成的预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料中的物质,来为它提供期望的性能。其的一个例子是表面改性剂,其改变了淀粉的吸附性能来提高例如疏水成分如油和脂肪的吸附性。
优选上述的片状淀粉颗粒所组成的预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料是通过辊子干燥或者转鼓干燥方法来生产的。辊子干燥以及转鼓干燥包括加热含水的淀粉浆体或者糊,来凝胶化该淀粉和来即刻除湿。该含水的淀粉浆体或者糊可以首先加热,随后干燥,或者更优选该淀粉可以通过使用市售的转鼓干燥机或者辊子干燥机设备加热和干燥,来同时凝胶化。作为此处使用的,术语“辊子干燥”指的是这样一种方法,在这里将含水的淀粉浆体或者糊蒸煮或者部分蒸煮,并且在加热的辊子(有时候也称作“鼓”)上通过来干燥,或者优选是这样一种方法,在这里含水的淀粉浆体或者糊在加热的辊子上同时蒸煮和干燥。术语“转鼓干燥”当在此使用时候指的是一种非常类似于辊子干燥方法的方法,除了将更厚的淀粉浆体或者糊的覆层施加到加热的鼓上之外。
一种优选的用于制备上述预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料的方法首先将淀粉(通常是淀粉粉末形式)和水进行混合来制备具有某个固含量的含水淀粉浆体或者糊。“淀粉浆体或者糊”还可以包括高粘度淀粉制剂例如湿的滤饼。合适的淀粉如上所述。淀粉含量典型的是20-45重量%,特别是25-40重量%,尤其是32-40重量%。
所制备的含水的淀粉浆体或者饼然后施加到辊子干燥机或者转鼓干燥机的加热的旋转辊子或者鼓上,方便的是依靠给料鼓或者供料辊来施加,来同时凝胶化和干燥该含水的淀粉浆体或者糊。在一次旋转之后,所获得的干燥的淀粉膜是通过刮板机构例如刀片来从辊子或者鼓上除去,来获得淀粉材料,其然后经历研磨或者磨制,例如在转子搅拌器研磨机或者切割研磨机中进行。最后,研磨的(磨制的)淀粉材料是使用一个或者几个不同的目数尺寸的筛子来过筛的,如本领域已知的那样,来获得期望的该预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料筛分。
用于制备本发明的预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料的合适的辊子干燥机和转鼓干燥机是市售的,例如来自GMF-Gouda(荷兰)。典型的,它们是作为间接干燥机来设计的,这里热是通过向着内(金属)转鼓壁的加压流来传递的,其依次将该热传递给所述壁的另一侧上的含水淀粉浆体或者糊。当该基础构造是相对简单的时,这里有众多的市售构造,其在鼓和供料辊的排列和数目,刮板机构的类型等等方面是不同的。
因素例如含水浆体或者糊的组成,辊子或者转鼓温度,和转鼓或者辊子速度(其决定了驻留时间)将对最终的预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料的物理和化学性能产生影响。辊子干燥或者转鼓干燥领域的技术人员熟悉这些参数,并且知道如何设定或者调整这些参数来获得具有令人期望的性能的预凝胶化的淀粉材料。例如已知的是不同类型淀粉具有不同的凝胶化温度,并因此一种或多种上述参数可以调整和优化来达到令人满意的结果。这样的优化是转鼓干燥的或者辊子干燥的预凝胶化的淀粉领域的技术人员的常规能力范围内公知的。
辊子或者鼓典型的被加热到下面的表面温度范围:120-200℃,特别是140-190°,和特别是150-180℃。该辊子或者鼓通常是以下面的速度或者转速运行:5-18rpm,优选5-15rpm,和更优选8-13rpm。
一种或多种另外的成分(添加剂)可以混合到该含水的淀粉浆体或者糊中,其包括但不限于加工助剂,例如气泡形成剂,表面活性剂和乳化剂,和其他的物质例如盐,糖,脂肪,树胶和水状胶质来改善某些性能。例如,施加到加热的辊子或者鼓上的淀粉浆体或者糊转化成了熔融淀粉的连续相,其包括可变量的空气气泡。为了获得具有提高的吸附性能的预凝胶化的淀粉材料,可以选择条件来产生相对低的容积密度,例如通过加入特定的加工助剂到该含水的淀粉浆体或者糊中来增加气泡的形成。
该另外的成分如果存在时是以少量来加入的,通常的量是这样,即,该另外的成分占最终的辊子干燥的或者转鼓-干燥的淀粉颗粒总重量的不大于10重量%,优选不大于5重量%,更优选不大于1重量%。在本发明的其他实施方案中,加入0%的这些另外的成分,并且该含水的淀粉浆体或者糊的组成因此不包括淀粉和水。
此外,虽然不是特别优选的,但是它也处于本发明的范围内,即,所获得的辊子干燥的或者转鼓干燥的预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料是另外用表面改性剂处理的,来改变淀粉的吸附性能。疏水剂例如将进一步提高对于疏水液体组分如油和脂肪的吸附能力。
该粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料包含除了上述的固体载体材料之外的一种或多种液体组分。该一种或多种液体组分是埋入,承载于,截留到,结合到和/或吸附于载体材料之中和/或之上,其提供了用于液体组分的基质。应当理解本说明书中所用的术语“包含”意思是不但包括“包括”、“包含”或者“涵盖”的意思,而且还包括“(专门的)组成为”的意思。
作为此处使用的,“液体组分”指的是任何的液体形式存在的物质,并且其包括例如不同液体的混合物和一种或多种物质的溶液或者悬浮液。可以负载的液体成分包括但不限于香味化合物,香味剂,芳香剂,植物来源的提取物,乳化剂,着色剂,油和脂肪,特别是可以用作食品成分或者添加剂的这些油和脂肪,例如富含ω-3的油,色拉油和鱼油,香精油和卵磷脂,其他营养物质例如类胡萝卜素和维生素例如维生素A和E,和有机酸抗氧化剂,药物活性成分,以及树脂油,血液,酒精饮料,驱虫剂,杀虫剂和除草剂。此外,特定物质或者成分例如生物活性化合物如微生物或者酶的溶液也适用于此,其中该溶剂如果期望,可以在负载之后通过干燥步骤除去。优选的液体成分是醇,丙酮,酮类,醛,油和脂肪。特别适用于此的是疏水液体,特别是在载体溶剂例如醇,丙二醇,水或者植物油,卵磷脂和多不饱和脂肪酸中的任何类型的油和脂肪,香精油,树脂油,植物来源的提取物,香味剂和芳香剂混合物。
在本发明一种优选的实施方案中,该粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料包含不小于20重量%的一种或多种液体组分,基于该负载液体的淀粉颗粒的总重量。更优选该液体组分占到了粉末化的负载液体的淀粉颗粒的至少25%或者30%,更优选至少35%,和最优选至少40重量%。
在另一方面,本发明涉及一种如下制备上述粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料的方法:将一种或多种液体组分在搅拌下施加到上述的由片状淀粉颗粒组成的预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料上。
对于用一种或多种液体组分负载该预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料来说,该淀粉材料可以置于容器中,该容器承载着机械混合,并且优选能够密封。合适的混合装置是例如桨式混合器,带式混合器,V混合器或者犁片混合器。该一种或多种液体组分然后供给,例如倾倒,泵送或者优选用喷嘴喷入该容器中,并且施涂到搅拌的淀粉材料上。用喷嘴喷涂是有利使用的,因为该喷嘴导致形成了小滴,其更易于为淀粉载体材料所吸附。同样可能的是从气相负载或者在超临界条件下负载。持续混合,直到获得了液体材料在固体载体之中和/或之中均匀分布。喷雾或者泵送所需的时间取决于加入到预凝胶化的淀粉材料上的液体组分的含量和确保完全吸附来形成自由流动的粉末所需的时间。
用于将一种或多种液体组分负载到预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料上的另外一种合适的方法可以是流化床负载方法。在这样的方法中,载体,即,预凝胶化的非粒状淀粉材料是通过向上通过淀粉颗粒床的强制空气或者另外的气体来流化的。该液体组分然后用喷嘴喷涂到流化的淀粉颗粒上,来产生均匀负载的淀粉颗粒的负载液体的淀粉材料。
此处所用的另外一种合适的负载方法包含步骤:将预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉载体材料悬浮于液体组分中,随后通过常规的分离方法例如过滤或者离心分离来将该粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料与液体组分进行分离。
根据待负载的液体组分的类型,该液体组分可以加热或者冷却。在高黏稠液体组分的情况中,例如有利的是可以加热该液体组分来降低粘度和促进该负载方法。在温敏液体组分的情况中,例如对于热敏药物活性物质的溶液来说,冷却会是期望的或者需要的。用于进行冷却或者加热的装置例如冷却的或者加热的混合器是本领域技术人员公知的。
根据本发明,用作载体材料的预凝胶化的非粒状淀粉材料可以在用惰性气体负载之前进行预处理,来除去例如氧气。它还可以在负载之前真空处理来提高吸附能力。此外,当负载敏感液体时,该负载操作可以在惰性气氛下进行,例如在氮气下进行来保护抗氧化引起的质量损失。
在用一种或多种液体组分负载该预凝胶化的,非粒状淀粉材料之后,随后步骤可以任选的是另外的加工步骤。例如,流动剂或者抗结块剂可以加入到该负载液体的淀粉材料中,例如磷酸三钙,二氧化硅,硅酸盐和/或硬脂酸盐,来提高流动性。本发明的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料还可以通过例如下面的本领域已知的任何合适的胶囊化或者包覆材料来提供包层和/或进一步胶囊化:麦芽糊精,淀粉,改性淀粉,糊精,油,脂肪,蜡,水状胶质,蛋白质。
片状淀粉颗粒的预凝胶化的非粒状淀粉材料被用作液体组分的载体材料,来保护,存储,稳定和/或控制其的释放性能。此外,当结合到该淀粉载体材料上时,该液体组分更易于处理,存储和配制。
本发明的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料可以混入到众多不同的配料中,例如粉末,细粒,片剂,胶囊,锭剂,糊,凝胶,霜剂,药膏,油膏,洗液等等。本发明粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料优选的终端应用包括但不限于食品和动物饲养产品,药品,营养品,农用化学品例如除草剂,杀虫剂和肥料,和化妆品以及个人护理产品例如干发护理产品,洗发精,护发剂,止汗剂,除臭剂,口腔洗剂,肥皂,化妆霜等等。
在本发明一种优选的实施方案中,本发明的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料被用于食品中,包括但不限于干汤粉,速溶饮料和汤,饼干和干餐后甜点,香料,调料,浇头,牛奶鸡蛋面糊,牛奶替代品,非奶油奶酪,搓碎的或者粉末化的干酪,和调味茶。
本发明现在将参考下面所给出的实施例来进一步说明和解释。评价在实施例中所提供的预凝胶化的非粒状淀粉材料的物理特性的方法如下。
(1)粒度分布
淀粉样品的粒度分布是使用不同开孔的筛子进行过筛分析来确定的。将在筛子上各自的筛分进行称重,并且除以淀粉样品的总重量来得到在每个筛子上截留的百分率。
(2)颗粒形状
如同本领域已知的那样,该淀粉样品的颗粒形状是通过放大倍率为100-750x的扫描电镜来观察的。
(3)BET比表面积
淀粉样品的比表面积是通过在Gemini II 2370表面积分析仪(比利时布鲁塞尔Micromeritrics NV/SA)中的氮气吸附来测量的。使用多点(通常是11个点)BET方法(Bruauner,Emmett和Teller,J.Am.Chem.Soc.60:309-319(1938))来确定可利用的总表面积(BET比表面积)(m2/g)。
(4)吸油能力
吸油能力是如下来测量的:在油分散体中离心分离给定量的淀粉样品,除去没有结合到淀粉上的油,对剩余的油负载的淀粉样品进行高离心机力,并通过评价所获得的离心分离的淀粉的重量,来确定剩余的结合到该淀粉样品上的油量。
葵花籽油吸附
称重25g(W0)的淀粉样品,加入25g葵花籽油(Vandemoortele,比利时),并且用勺子彻底混合2min,来得到油-淀粉混合物。在过高粘度的情况中,加入另外量的油。将750ml圆桶离心机瓶填充大约360g天然马铃薯淀粉,将折叠的滤纸(150mm直径,Machery-Nagel MN614)展开,并且置于该马铃薯淀粉之上(在小孔中,来确保该滤纸在随后的离心分离过程中处于适当的位置上)。所制备的油-淀粉混合物然后倾倒到该滤纸上,随后在Heraeus Multifuge 3S离心机中以3434xg离心分离10min。在完成离心分离之后,将该带有淀粉-油样品的滤纸从离心瓶中取出,仔细除下留在滤纸上的淀粉-油样品,并且测量重量Ws。该样品所吸附的油是作为Ws-W0来计算的,吸油能力(%)表示为(Ws-W0)/W0x100%。
橙色香味剂吸附
使用与上述的葵花籽油相同的程序,除了该样品是以214.66xg离心分离3min。所用的橙色油是通过Cargill Flavour Systems Uden(CAS8028-48-6)来提供。
实施例1
将辊子干燥的合格玉米淀粉(C*12001,获自Cargill)在125μm和315μm的筛子上进行过筛,并且使用上述测量方法在粒度为125μm-315μm的筛分上测量葵花籽油吸附能力。另外,这个筛分的BET比表面积是用上述BET方法来测量的。葵花籽油的吸油能力是25%,BET比表面积是0.24m2/g(表1)。
实施例2
将辊子干燥的POCl3交联的玉米淀粉(C*12930,获自Cargill)在RETSCH SR300转子搅拌器磨机上研磨,并且过筛来除去低于100μm的小颗粒。所形成的材料的特征在于51重量%的该材料的粒度是100μm-375μm。用上述方法测量对于葵花籽油和橙味剂的吸油能力。另外,用上述的BET方法来测量BET比表面积。葵花籽油和橙味剂的吸油能力分别是21%和28%,BET比表面积是0.26m2/g(表1)。
实施例3
将合格的玉米淀粉(C*03401,获自Cargill)制成浓度为20Bé的水浆体。将该浆体在来自GMF Gouda的E5/5类型的试验辊子干燥机上进行辊子干燥,该干燥机具有500x500mm的辊子(转鼓),其以11rpm运行,并且蒸气压力为7bar。该转鼓的最大表面温度是165℃。接头间隙是1.6mm(在室温测量)。将该样品在125μm-350μm筛子上进行过筛,并且葵花籽油的吸附能力是使用上述的测量方法,在125μm-350μm粒度的筛分上测量的。另外,这个筛分的BET比表面积是用上述BET方法来测量的。葵花籽油的吸油能力是31%,并且BET比表面积是0.26m2/g(表1)。
实施例4
将淀粉辛烯基琥珀酸钠(C*06369,获自Cargill)如实施例3所述进行辊子干燥,除了转鼓速度是13rpm,蒸气压力是8.5bar,和最大转鼓温度是173℃之外。将从转鼓上取下的淀粉膜进行研磨和过筛。将粒度为125μm-325μm的筛分用来测量葵花籽油的吸附能力和使用上述测量方法测量BET比表面积。葵花籽油的吸油能力是37%,BET比表面积是0.23m2/g(表1)。
实施例5(对比例)
将辊子干燥的合格玉米淀粉(C*12001,获自Cargill)在50μm的筛子上进行过筛,并且使用上述测量方法在粒度低于50μm的筛分上测量葵花籽油吸附能力。另外,这个筛分的BET比表面积是用上述BET方法来测量的。葵花籽油的吸油能力是15%,BET比表面积是0.52m2/g(表1)。
表1.实施例1-4和对比例5的预凝胶化的非粒状淀粉材料的物理特性
和油保持能力。
a100%的颗粒
b51%的颗粒
c葵花籽油
d橙味剂
Claims (7)
1.一种粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料,其包含固体载体材料和一种或多种吸附到所述的固体载体材料之中和/或之上的液体组分,该固体载体材料是由预凝胶化的、非粒状淀粉材料组成的,该淀粉材料是由片状淀粉颗粒组成的,其中该淀粉颗粒的尺寸分布是这样的,即,至少50重量%的该淀粉颗粒的粒度为100μm-375μm,并且其中BET比表面积小于或者等于0.5m2/g。
2.根据权利要求1的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料,其中至少80重量%的淀粉颗粒的粒度是100μm-375μm。
3.权利要求1或者2的负载液体的淀粉材料,其中该一种或多种吸附到所述的固体载体材料之中和/或之上的液体组分占到该负载液体的淀粉颗粒总重量的至少20重量%。
4.一种制备权利要求1-3中任何一个的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料的方法,其包含下面的步骤:
(1)提供由片状淀粉颗粒组成的预凝胶化的、非粒状淀粉材料,
(2)通过在搅拌下将一种或多种液体组分施加到该淀粉材料上,来将一种或多种液体组分负载到步骤(1)所提供的淀粉材料之中和/或之上。
5.根据权利要求4的方法,其中该由片状淀粉颗粒组成的预凝胶化的、非粒状淀粉材料是通过下面的步骤来提供的:
a)将淀粉和水混合来制备含水的淀粉浆体或者糊,
b)将该含水的淀粉浆体或者糊施用到加热的,旋转的辊子或者鼓上,来同时凝胶化和干燥该含水的淀粉浆体或者糊,以获得干燥的淀粉膜,
c)从该辊子或者鼓上除去干燥的淀粉膜,
d)研磨所除去的干燥的淀粉膜,来获得经研磨的淀粉材料,和
e)过筛该经研磨的淀粉材料,来获得由片状淀粉颗粒组成的预凝胶化的非粒状淀粉材料。
6.权利要求4或者5的方法,其中将流动剂和/或抗结块剂加入到该负载液体的淀粉颗粒中。
7.根据权利要求1-3任何一个的粉末化的负载液体的淀粉材料的用途,其用于食品和动物饲养产品,药品,营养品,农用化学品和化妆品或者个人护理产品中。
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CN109195456A (zh) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-01-11 | 弗门尼舍有限公司 | 高装载量调味料颗粒 |
CN110914311A (zh) * | 2017-04-12 | 2020-03-24 | 泰特&莱尔组分美国公司 | 具有高加工耐受性的预糊化淀粉及其制造和使用方法 |
CN111263772A (zh) * | 2017-06-26 | 2020-06-09 | 泰特&莱尔组分美国公司 | 具有高加工耐受性的预胶化淀粉及其制备和使用方法 |
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- 2009-02-18 WO PCT/EP2009/001160 patent/WO2009103514A1/en active Application Filing
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109195456A (zh) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-01-11 | 弗门尼舍有限公司 | 高装载量调味料颗粒 |
CN109195456B (zh) * | 2016-05-27 | 2022-10-11 | 弗门尼舍有限公司 | 高装载量调味料颗粒 |
CN110914311A (zh) * | 2017-04-12 | 2020-03-24 | 泰特&莱尔组分美国公司 | 具有高加工耐受性的预糊化淀粉及其制造和使用方法 |
CN111263772A (zh) * | 2017-06-26 | 2020-06-09 | 泰特&莱尔组分美国公司 | 具有高加工耐受性的预胶化淀粉及其制备和使用方法 |
CN111263772B (zh) * | 2017-06-26 | 2022-08-12 | 泰特&莱尔解决方案美国公司 | 具有高加工耐受性的预胶化淀粉及其制备和使用方法 |
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EP2247624A1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
CN101945895B (zh) | 2012-12-05 |
EP2247624B1 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
WO2009103514A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
JP2011514919A (ja) | 2011-05-12 |
BRPI0907764A2 (pt) | 2015-07-21 |
AU2009216971B2 (en) | 2014-04-10 |
CA2715542C (en) | 2016-12-13 |
MX2010008924A (es) | 2010-09-07 |
RU2010138915A (ru) | 2012-03-27 |
AU2009216971A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
JP5634270B2 (ja) | 2014-12-03 |
CA2715542A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
RU2496792C2 (ru) | 2013-10-27 |
US20100330369A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
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