CN101906998A

CN101906998A - Multi-cycle electricity-generation thermodynamic system and implementing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101906998A
Application number: CN2010102224935A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王世英
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Beijing Tiandajingfeng Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2009-07-31
Filing date: 2010-06-28
Publication date: 2010-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-28
Also published as: CN101614139A; WO2011012047A1; CN101906998B

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-cycle electricity-generation thermodynamic system, wherein the first circle is an improved Rankine circle using water as a working substance, the second circle adopts a working substance of low boiling point as a cycle working substance, water vapor subjected to applying work is condensed to water by the working substance of low boiling point, and applies work and generates electricity because of absorbing heat and inflating. A third medium of lower boiling point can be further adopted to conduct a third cycle. The multi-cycle electricity-generation thermodynamic system has the advantages of improving heat efficiency of condensing steam and pumped-condensate fire power electricity-generation systems, i.e. the Rankine circle.

Description

Multicycle power generation thermodynamic system and its implementation

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of two circulation, many circulations condensed steam type and sucking condensing type generating thermodynamic cycle, and the blower fan that directly drags by steam turbine or the circulation system of compressor or water pump, it is by the circulation of improved Rankine cycle and second working medium, or is the Rankine cycle of working medium by the above many circulations of improved Rankine cycle and second working medium (medium) circulation and the 3rd working medium (medium) circulation and the 3rd circulation or by gas turbine power generation, with water and is that the circulation of working medium is formed with the low boiling point working medium.

Background technique

What existing thermal power generation accounted for absolute main body is Rankine cycle.In Rankine cycle, vapour condenser generally is a tubular heat exchanger, and its shell side is a water of condensation of finishing the water vapor and the water vapor of merit.After passing to recirculated cooling water to the latent heat of condensation, the water vapor of finishing merit condenses into water, condensed water is delivered to the precision processing of chemical workshop section by condensate pump or is sent into boiler feed and mix with supplementing water, deoxygenation is after feed water pump enters boiler, become high temperature and high pressure steam again and enter steam turbine acting, circulation and so forth.What its tube side was walked is recirculated cooling water, and temperature raise after circulating water had absorbed the latent heat of condensation of water vapor, delivered to double-curve cooling column evaporative cooling cooling again, so recycled.This process is the latent heat of vaporization that the latent heat of condensation of water vapor is changed into circulating water, diffuses in the atmosphere by double-curve cooling column, makes water vapor be condensed into water cycle and uses.

The thermal efficiency of Rankine cycle, middle press group is less than 40%, and supercritical unit is less than 50%.Its basic reason is to utilize the sensible heat of water vapor, and latent heat is to diffuse in the atmosphere by cooling tower.This also is the reason that present all power station all are equipped with double-curve cooling column.

Gas turbine power generation, about 500 ℃ of the exhaust temperature of discharge has very high value.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of multicycle power generation thermodynamic system, adopt low boiling working fluid to replace cooling water, the latent heat of condensation of Rankine cycle being finished the water vapor that enters vapour condenser of merit also uses generating, do not increase fuel, but increase the generated energy of condensing unit significantly, and the economized cycle cooling water amount.

For this reason, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:

A kind of multicycle power generation thermodynamic system comprises first circulation that contains vapour condenser, and this first circulation is the improved Rankine cycle that uses water as working medium, it is characterized in that:

This system also comprises second circulation, this second circulation is to use low boiling point working medium to do the secondary electricity generation circulation of working medium, vapour condenser in described first circulation is a pressurized container, make water recovery in the described vapour condenser with low boiling working fluid, described vapour condenser is as the second circuit evaporation unit, the hot fluid side-entrance of this vapour condenser connects turbine discharge, and outlet connects condensate system, and the cold flow side of this vapour condenser is serially connected with in second circulation; Described second circulation also comprises expansion cell, generator unit and presser unit, described low boiling working fluid is vaporized after absorbing water recovery latent heat during through the first circulation vapour condenser, heat energy is become kinetic energy, promote the output shaft motion of described expansion cell, drive described generator unit generating or generating and refrigeration, the media expansion cooling begins circulation for the second time after the first circulation vapour condenser is sent in the presser unit pressurization; Described second circulation for subcritical, also comprise condenser unit or condenser unit and reheater unit when striding critical cycle, promptly second circulation also is Rankine cycle, forms two Rankine cycles.

Described first circulation can be connected on after the gas turbine power generation, with gas turbine power generation as preposition circulation, the combustion turbine exhaustion pipe is serially connected with the first combined-circulation once-through boiler shell side import, does the first circuit thermal source with combustion turbine exhaustion, constitutes fuel gas-steam-low boiling working fluid multicycle power generation thermodynamic system.Perhaps circulate as first with gas turbine power generation, the combustion turbine exhaustion pipe is serially connected with the second circuit vaporizer hot fluid side-entrance, does the second circuit high temperature heat source with combustion turbine exhaustion, constitutes combustion gas-two circulations of low boiling working fluid generating.Described gas turbine power generation circulation comprises elementary cells such as gas compressor, firing chamber, gas turbine and generator.

Described low boiling working fluid is to absorb natural refrigerant or artificial synthesis working medium water recovery latent heat and be gas under normal temperature and pressure in the first circulation vapour condenser under the first circulation vapour condenser proper functioning operating mode, comprise: hydrocarbon, alkanes, alkene class, alkynes class, arene, the oxygenatedchemicals that comprises ether, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketone, ester class, the anaerobic halide-containing, the aerobic halide-containing, sulfur-containing compound, nitrogen-containing compound; Both can be single working medium, it also can be mixture, as the mixture of ethane, butane, normal butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane, ethene, propylene, butylene, maleic, isobutylene, butadiene, dimethylbenzene, chloroethanes, chlorobutane, vinyl chloride, R134a series, R410A series, HFC synthetic series, dimethyl ether, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), carbon dioxide gas, carbon dioxide and absorbing agent thereof, and the various suitable working medium such as the aqueous solution of nitrogen, air, helium, argon gas, hydrogen, ammonia, ammonia.

Described low boiling working fluid states of matter in circulation is an one of the following: omnidistance gaseous state, and gaseous state transforms with liquid, gaseous state, liquid state, solid-state conversion, gaseous state was hot, saturation state, cross and hotly transform with saturation state.

Described low boiling working fluid, the boiling point under the first circulation vapour condenser setting pressure is less than 100 ℃.Condensing temperature under the second cycle condenser setting pressure is higher than normal temperature or near normal temperature or be lower than a certain setting temperature of normal temperature, available normal temperature cooling water, air or be lower than working medium at the refrigerant of setting the condensing temperature under the operating mode, working medium cooling and realization condensation liquefaction, perhaps compress and liquefy, perhaps compress and cool off and realize liquefying.

Described first circulation comprises basic equipments such as steam boiler, steam turbine, generator, vapour condenser, feed water pump Rankine cycle, also can comprise the Rankine cycle accessory, can be working machines such as pump, blower fan as condensate pump, Water Treatment, oxygen-eliminating device generator.

Described preposition circulation comprises gas compressor, firing chamber, gas turbine and generator.

Described second circulation is a power generation cycle, can be subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle and one of basic circulation of thermal cycle and supercritical generating circulation again thereof, wherein:

When second circulation be expand to end for full gaseous state subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, this second circulation comprises that second evaporation unit is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second condensation unit, the second compression pump unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit; The high pressure low temperature liquid refrigerant absorbs the first circulating water vapor condenses latent heat in vapour condenser makes water recovery Cheng Shui, the medium gasification enters expansion cell decompression volumetric expansion can change into the generating of kinetic energy promotion expansion cell movement parts motion drive generator unit to pressure, the temperature reduction of medium acting back enters condensation unit liquefaction, and pressurization enters the vapour condenser repetitive cycling through the compression pump unit again.

Also can behind second expansion cell, establish compression unit, medium is compressed to the laggard condenser cooling condensation of a certain pressure, or directly be compressed into liquid.

When second circulation have for expand ending that partially liq generates subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, this second circulation comprises that second evaporation unit is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second gas-liquid separation unit, second compression unit, second condensation unit, condensate extractionpump unit, the isolated liquid one-level of second gas-liquid separation unit compression pump unit, secondary compression pump unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands.

When second circulation during for thermal cycle again, this second circulates on aforementioned two kinds of subcritical, bases of striding critical power generation cycle, behind expansion cell, increase again hot cell, reexpansion unit and reexpansion generator unit, also can establish other heat source units, from the first circulation vapour condenser shunt a part of water vapor exhaust steam or with other thermals source to working medium double heating after once expanding and reexpansion acting, also can be repeatedly again heat repeatedly do work.

Also can directly be compressed into liquid to working medium in above-mentioned each circulation, pressurization enters the vapour condenser repetitive cycling through the compression pump unit again;

When second circulation is the supercritical generating circulation time of nothing from heat exchange, this second circulation comprises that second evaporator unit is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak working medium collection unit, also can establish second heat exchange unit.

When second circulation is the overcritical circulation time that has from heat exchange, second circulation comprise second evaporation unit be improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, second from heat exchange unit or second from heat exchange unit and heat exchange unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit.

Above-mentioned five kinds of circulations are basic circulations, and the position of auxiliary unit beyond the increase and decrease elementary cell or change auxiliary unit then constitutes basic circuit remodeling.

When described second circulation is generating-refrigeration combined cycle, can be two kinds subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, have again heat subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, two kinds of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle are one of totally five kinds of basic generating-refrigeration combined cycle;

When second circulation be expand to end for full gaseous state subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, this second circulation comprises that second evaporation unit is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, the second cooling unit, second condenser unit, the second compression pump unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit; The high pressure low temperature liquid refrigerant absorbs the first circulating water vapor condenses latent heat in condensing makes water recovery Cheng Shui, the working medium gasification enters expansion cell decompression volumetric expansion can change into the generating of kinetic energy promotion expansion cell movement parts motion drive generator unit to pressure, working medium acting back temperature reduces, enter the condenser liquefaction that is cooled, pressurization enters Lang Ken circulation vapour condenser repetitive cycling through the compression pump unit again, and the cooling unit provides a part of cold to the external world; Advance condenser again after the also available compression unit compression after the expansion;

When second circulation have for expand ending that partially liq generates subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, this second circulation comprises that second evaporation unit is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second gas-liquid separation unit, second compression unit, second condenser unit, the second condenser compression pump unit, the isolated liquid compression pump of second gas-liquid separation unit unit, the second cooling unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

When this second circulation for have again heat subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, after the second circulation primary expansion cell, add again hot cell, reexpansion unit, reexpansion generator unit, also can establish other heat source units;

When second circulation when not having supercritical generating from heat exchange-refrigeration combined cycle, this second circulation comprises that second evaporation unit is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, the second cooling unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit, also can establish second heat exchange unit, the second cooling unit;

When second circulation when supercritical generating from heat exchange-refrigeration combined cycle is arranged, this second circulation comprise second evaporation unit be improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, second from heat exchange unit, the second cooling unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit.

When taking combustion gas, water vapour, low boiling point working medium cogeneration-many circulation times that freeze, this second circulation also comprises the second cooling unit.

Further:

Also can increase more circulation after second circulation, circuit quantity is more than or equal to three, wherein: first circulation is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation and follow-up circulation are basic power generation cycle and remodeling and one of basic generating-refrigeration combined cycle and remodeling; The latent latent heat of condensation of the used working medium of back one circulation is less than the condensation latent heat of last cycle fluid; The working medium boiling point that the boiling point of back one cycle fluid adopts than last circulation is low; Since the 3rd circulation, to establish condensing unit or cooling unit behind the last circuit expansion cell; This condensing unit or cooling unit are back one circuit evaporation unit; Unit in described each circulation refers to comprise that body equipment and accessory, parts, element, connection and instrument and control are all.

When described second the circulation be first kind subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, this second circulation comprises: second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second condenser unit, the second compression pump unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit, described condenser unit is the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit; Also can behind expansion cell, establish second compression and drag the unit;

When described second the circulation be second kind subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, this second circulation comprises: second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second gas-liquid separation unit, second compression unit, second condenser unit, the isolated liquid one-level of second gas-liquid separation unit compression pump unit, secondary compression pump unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit, described condenser unit is the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

When described second circulation for the circulation time of heat is arranged again, after the first two plants circuit expansion cell, increase reheater unit, heat pump unit, second thermal source, reexpansion and expansion power generation unit for the second time again; When described second circulation is first kind of supercritical generating circulation time, this second circulation comprises: second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, second cooling unit, the second working medium supplementary units also can be established second and be leaked the working medium collector unit;

When described second circulation is second kind of supercritical generating circulation time, this second circulation comprises: second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, second also can be established second and leak the working medium collector unit from heat exchange unit, the second working medium supplementary units;

Above-mentioned five kinds of circulations are basic circulations, and supplementary equipment beyond the increase and decrease elementary cell or change position then constitute basic circuit remodeling.

When described the 3rd circulation is power generation cycle, the 3rd circulation be subcritical, stride one of the circulation of critical power generation cycle or supercritical generating and basic circulation remodeling, and the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit of below mentioning is second circuit, second condenser unit or second cooling unit, wherein:

When described the 3rd the circulation be first kind subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, the 3rd circulation comprises the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd circulating condensing unit, the 3rd circulating liquid compression pump unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units, also can establish the 3rd circulation and leak the working medium collector unit;

When described the 3rd the circulation be second kind subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, the 3rd circulation comprises the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd cycle condenser unit, the isolated liquid one-level of the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation unit compression pump unit, liquid secondary compression pump unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units, also can establish the 3rd circulation and leak working medium collection and second use unit; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

When described the 3rd circulation is that the circulation time of heat is again arranged, after planting circuit expansion cell, the first two increases again hot cell, reexpansion unit and secondary electricity generation unit, also can establish other heat source units;

When described the 3rd circulation is first kind of supercritical generating circulation time, the 3rd circulation comprises the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units also can be established the 3rd circulation and be leaked the working medium collection and utilize the unit again;

When described the 3rd circulation is second kind of supercritical generating circulation time, the 3rd circulation comprises the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd circulation from heat exchange unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units, also can establish the 3rd circulation leakage working medium collector unit;

Above-mentioned five kinds of power generation cycle are basic circulations of the 3rd power generation cycle, and increasing supplementary equipment and change the position in circulation promptly becomes basic circulation remodeling; Described unit refers to comprise that body equipment and accessory, parts, element, connection and instrument and control are all;

Described second circulation is a generating-refrigeration combined cycle, can be two kinds subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, have again heat subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, two kinds of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle are one of totally five kinds of basic generating-refrigeration combined cycle;

When second circulation be expand to end for full gaseous state subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, this second circulation comprises that second evaporation unit is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, the second cooling unit, second condenser unit, the second compression pump unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit;

When this second circulation for have again heat subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, after the second circulation primary expansion cell, add again hot cell, heat pump unit, reexpansion unit, reexpansion generator unit again, also can establish other heat source units;

When second circulation when supercritical generating from heat exchange-refrigeration combined cycle is arranged, this second circulation comprise second evaporation unit be improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, second from heat exchange unit, the second cooling unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit;

When taking combustion gas, water vapour, low boiling point working medium cogeneration-many circulation times that freeze, also comprise the second cooling unit;

When described the 3rd circulation when the generating-refrigeration combined cycle, the 3rd circulates be subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, have again hot subcritical, stride one of critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle or supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, wherein:

When described the 3rd circulation be first kind subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, the 3rd circulation comprises: the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd cycle condenser unit, the 3rd circulation compression pump unit, the 3rd circulation cooling unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units, and also can establish the 3rd circulation and leak the working medium collector unit;

When described the 3rd circulation be second kind subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, the 3rd circulation comprises: the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd cycle condenser unit, the isolated liquid matter one-level compression pump of the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation unit unit, the 3rd circulation liquid refrigerant secondary compression pump unit, the 3rd circulation cooling unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units, and also can establish the 3rd circulation and leak the working medium collector unit; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

When described the 3rd circulation for have again hot subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, after planting the circuit expansion cell, the first two increases again hot cell, reexpansion unit and secondary electricity generation unit, or fecund time again hot cell, expansion cell repeatedly, also can establish other heat source units;

When described the 3rd circulation when being first kind of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, the 3rd circulation comprises: the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd circulation cooling unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units, and also can establish the 3rd circulation and leak the working medium collector unit;

When described the 3rd circulation is second kind of supercritical generating refrigeration cycle, the 3rd circulation comprises: the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd circulation also can be established the 3rd circulation and leak the working medium collector unit from heat exchange unit, the 3rd circulation cooling unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units;

Above-mentioned five kinds of generating-refrigeration combined cycle are basic circulations of generating-refrigeration combined cycle, and the position of increase and decrease supplementary equipment and change equipment then constitutes basic circuit remodeling; Described unit refers to comprise that body equipment and accessory, parts, element, connection and instrument and control are all.

Further:

In second circulation and the 3rd circulation, described working medium supplementary units is liquid refrigerant supplementary units or gaseous working medium supplementary units or liquid refrigerant supplementary units and gaseous working medium supplementary units; Described working medium supplementary units can be designed to fixed and portable, when being designed to movable type, only does interface in system; Do not establish the working medium supplementary units when expansion cell and compression unit are done no leaky design, or leakage rate also can not established the working medium supplementary units when very little; Described unit refers to comprise that body equipment and accessory, parts, element, connection and instrument and control are all.

Further:

Described expansion cell is a kind of or combination of turbo-expander, positive-displacement expansion engine, nozzle; Can one-level expand, but also multistage expansion; Can be a bloating plant, also many bloating plant parallel connections; Can be once to expand, also can be repeatedly to expand, can be hot again between twice expansion; Can be that gas phase or gas-liquid two-phase flow or gas-liquid-solid three-phase expand.

Described turbo-expander can adopt axial flow, centrifugal or the two combination mixed-flow, can adopt impulse or reactionary style; Blade can bear the impact of single-phase gaseous state or single-phase liquid or two-phase flow liquid state and gaseous state or three-phase gas attitude, liquid state and solid state medium; The turbo wheel material is the good alloyed steel of mechanical property and aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, can before what be alloyed steel, medium is used aluminum alloy or titanium alloy instead after dropping to a certain temperature, or preceding several grades be alloyed steel, medium is used aluminum alloy instead after dropping to a certain temperature, drop to again and use titanium alloy instead after a certain temperature or use titanium alloy earlier instead and use aluminum alloy again instead, can spraying on base material, brushing or sintered wear-resistant decrease or wear-resistant and anti-washing away or wear-resistant and anti-washing away and corrosion resistant substance;

Described positive-displacement expansion engine can use piston-cylinder, rolling-piston-type, swing-rotor type, eddy type, screw type, and described decompressor output shaft has two kinds of way of outputs: a kind of is a sending and receiving motor, and second kind is end connection generator, the other end connection compressor; Described decompressor adopts oil lubrication or Nonlubricated bearing, comprises magnetic suspension shaft and gas bearing in the Nonlubricated bearing.

Further:

Described presser unit comprises the compression unit that is used for the compressed gaseous medium and is used for the compression pump unit of liquid medium pressurization, the compression unit that is used for gaseous medium can adopt turbine-type or positive displacement single-stage or secondary or multistage compressor, can adopt the compressor more than and; Axial flow and centrifugal two compressors that are divided into, also can make one: preceding what for axial flow, what be centrifugal for back one-level or back, or preceding what use turbine engine, afterwards grade use positive displacement compressor; The compression pump unit adopts single-stage or multistage centrifugal pump or positive displacement pump that medium is pressurized to necessary pressure; Compression unit gas phase compressor or gas-liquid two-phase flow compressor; Can be with condenser unit or cooling unit after the compression, available cycles water cooling, air cooling or the cooling of other working medium or use cryogenic gas cooling after expanding from last circulation vapour condenser;

Described compression unit can be the motor single driving, and also available decompressor directly drives.

Described decompressor, adopting has oil lubrication or Nonlubricated bearing, comprises magnetic suspension shaft and gas bearing in the Nonlubricated bearing.

Decompressor in the described expansion cell can be made in the compressor in the compression unit in the housing, i.e. expansion compressor capable; The kind of described expansion compressor capable and pattern can be axial-flow turbine formula, centrifugal turbine-type, the centrifugal mixed-flow of axial flow, reciprocating piston type, rolling-piston-type, swing-rotor type, sliding vane, screw type, hinged vane type etc.; Can be vapor phase stream or gas-liquid two-phase flow or gas-liquid-solid three phase flow, can adopt the magnetic suspension bearing or the gas bearing of oil lubrication or oil-free lubrication.

Further:

Unit in the system, pipeline are taked the measure of heat-insulation and heat-preservation cold insulation, make circulation become adiabatic circulation or approaching adiabatic circulation.

The implementation method of a kind of pair of Rankine cycle power generation thermodynamic system is characterized in that:

After first Rankine cycle that with water is cycle fluid, being connected in series one is second Rankine cycle of cycle fluid with low boiling matter, promptly adopts two Rankine cycle generatings or drags working machines such as blower fan, water pump;

The vapour condenser of first Rankine cycle is the vaporizer of second Rankine cycle; The refrigerant of the vapour condenser of first Rankine cycle does not adopt cooling water, but the cycle fluid of second Rankine cycle;

After expanding, the second Rankine cycle working medium carries out one of following flow process:

1) expand into setting temperature, enter condenser condenses and become liquid, enter the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser after pumping up;

2) expand into setting temperature, heat up, enter the second Rankine cycle condenser, use the refrigerant cooling liquid, enter the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser with the pressurization of pump secondary again with compressor pressurizes;

3) expand into partial liquefaction, enter the gas-liquid separator gas-liquid separation, the compressed machine compression of the gas that gas-liquid separator separates goes out enters the second Rankine cycle condenser after boosting and heating up, become liquid with the refrigerant cooling condensation, the liquid that gas-liquid separator separates goes out is through one-level pump pressurization, and two flow of liquid are converged laggard secondary compression pump secondary and added and compress into the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

4) expand into uniform temperature and pressure and advance the reheater double heating, thermal source can be with the first Rankine cycle exhaust steam or other thermals source, heat back reexpansion again, may expand to partial liquefaction air inlet liquid/gas separator, the compressed machine compression of the gas that gas-liquid separator separates goes out enters the second Rankine cycle condenser, become liquid state to pump up with the refrigerant cooling condensation, the liquid that gas-liquid separator separates goes out is through one-level pump pressurization again, and two flow of liquid are converged laggard secondary compression pump secondary and added and compress into the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser;

5) expand into setting temperature, directly be compressed into liquid, enter the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser with the pressurization of pump secondary again with compressor;

The gasification temperature of the working medium of second Rankine cycle under a certain setting pressure of the first circulation vapour condenser is lower than 100 ℃, absorb the latent heat of condensation of the first Rankine cycle working-medium water steam, the latent heat of condensation and transformable sensible heat are changed into the heat energy and the pressure energy of the second Rankine cycle working medium;

The second Rankine cycle working medium advance vaporizer promptly the pressure of the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser can below critical pressure, also can be critical pressure according to dielectric property, also can be supercritical pressure;

Also can be the preposition circulation of gas turbine power generation circulation as first Rankine cycle, the waste gas that the gas turbine power generation circulation is discharged is the thermal source of the first Rankine cycle steam boiler, thereby constitutes fuel gas-steam-low boiling working fluid associating multicycle power generation thermodynamic system

The condensing temperature of the working medium of second Rankine cycle is higher than normal temperature or near normal temperature or be lower than a certain setting temperature of normal temperature, available normal temperature cooling water, air or be lower than the second Rankine cycle working medium at the refrigerant of setting the condensing temperature under the operating mode, this working medium cooling and realization condensation liquefaction, perhaps compress and cool off and realize liquefaction, or directly compress and liquefy.

The method that the mixture working medium of second Rankine cycle is taked to change the each component ratio obtains condensing temperature and the gasification temperature that water recovery latent heat is transferred to the second Rankine cycle working medium preferably, and use cheap refrigerant that the second Rankine cycle working medium is liquefied, or with other refrigerant cooling liquids.

Improve the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser temperature, with the expansion acting temperature range that enlarges second circulatory mediator, help the latent heat of condensation conversion arranged, help obtaining and reducing by the second cycle fluid consumption of working medium, and first Rankine cycle is transferred to second cycle fluid, acting in second circulation because of the acting amount that improves the condensing temperature and reduce.

For guaranteeing the Design of Steam Turbine operating mode, new unit can be designed to high back pressure or draw gas, and existing unit can draw gas before suitable level or remove last one-level or number grade blade.

The present invention has following effect:

1. increase substantially the thermal efficiency of condensed steam type and sucking condensing type Rankine cycle generator set and Rankine cycle blower fan, compressor, water pump assembly because the latent heat of condensation of water vapor is greater than sensible heat, the present invention can improve Rankine cycle the thermal efficiency 4% and more than; Without fuel, send the electric weight of condensing generator set about 10% again.

2. not only do not increase recirculated cooling water consumption, on the contrary the recirculated cooling water consumption of condensing engine is reduced;

3. the condensing power generation part reduces equivalent CO2 emission about 10%

4. minimizing capital investment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that two circulating generation flow process circulations in: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 1st kind and subcritically strides critical power generation cycle that i.e. expansion cell outlet medium is full gaseous state, direct condensation;

Fig. 2 is that two circulating generation flow process circulations in two: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 1st kind and subcritically strides critical power generation cycle that expansion cell outlet medium is full gaseous state, condensation after the compression;

Fig. 3 is that two circulating generation flow process circulations in three: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 2nd kind and subcritically strides critical power generation cycle that expansion cell exports to medium is a gas-liquid two-phase flow, saturation state; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

Fig. 4 is that two circulating generation flow process circulations in four: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is to have hot the 1st kind subcritically to stride critical power generation cycle again;

Fig. 5 is that two circulating generation flow process circulations in five: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is to have hot the 2nd kind subcritically to stride critical power generation cycle again; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

Fig. 6 is that two circulating generation flow process circulations in six: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 1st kind of supercritical generating circulation, does not have from heat exchange, and the expansion cell exit gas is more than transition point;

Fig. 7 is that two circulating generation flow process circulations in seven: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 2nd kind of supercritical generating circulation, has from heat exchange;

Fig. 8 is combustion gas, steam, low boiling working fluid multicycle power generation basic procedure: fuel gas generation is preposition power generation cycle, and first circulation is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation is the low boiling working fluid power generation cycle, one of desirable the first seven circulation;

Fig. 9 is the two circulating generation basic procedures of combustion gas, low boiling working fluid: fuel gas generation is preposition power generation cycle, and second circulation is the low boiling working fluid power generation cycle, one of desirable the first seven circulation;

Figure 10 is that two circulating generation-cooling flow circulations in: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 1st kind and subcritically strides critical generating and cooling and circulate;

Figure 11 is that two circulating generation-cooling flow circulations in two: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 2nd kind of subcritical generating and cooling circulation; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

Figure 12 is that the two circulating generation-cooling flow circulations in three: the first of heat are arranged again is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation is to have that the 1st kind of heat is subcritical strides critical generating and cooling and circulate again;

Figure 13 is that two circulating generation-cooling flow circulations in four: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 1st a kind of supercritical generating refrigeration cycle;

Figure 14 is that two circulating generation-cooling flow circulations in five: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 2nd kind of supercritical generating-refrigeration cycle;

Figure 15 is that combustion gas, steam, low boiling working fluid multicycle power generation-refrigeration circulate substantially: fuel gas generation is preposition power generation cycle, first circulation is improved Rankine cycle, second circulation is the circulation of low boiling working fluid generating and cooling, one of desirable aforementioned generating and cooling circulation;

Figure 16 is that the circulation in: the first of three circulating generation flow processs is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation is the 1st kind and subcritically strides critical power generation cycle, and the 3rd circulation is the 1st kind and subcritically strides critical power generation cycle;

Figure 17 is that the circulation in two: the first of three circulating generation flow processs is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation is the 1st kind and subcritically strides critical power generation cycle, the 3rd circulation be the 2nd kind subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle;

Figure 18 is that the circulation in three: the first of three circulating generation flow processs is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation is the 1st kind of subcritical critical cycle of striding, the 3rd circulation be the have again heat subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle;

Figure 19 is that the circulation in four: the first of three circulating generation flow processs is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation is the 2nd kind of subcritical critical cycle of striding, and wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands; The 3rd circulation is the 1st kind of overcritical circuit three circulating generation flow processs;

Figure 20 is that the circulation in five: the first of three circulating generation flow processs is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation is the 1st kind of supercritical generating circulation, and the 3rd circulation is the 2nd kind of overcritical circuit three circulating generation flow processs;

Figure 21 is that the circulation in: the first of three circulating generation cooling flows is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation is first kind and subcritically strides critical power generation cycle that the 3rd circulation is the 1st kind of three subcritical, as to stride critical generating-refrigeration cycle circulating generation cooling flows;

Figure 22 is that the circulation in two: the first of three circulating generation cooling flows is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation is first kind and subcritically strides critical power generation cycle that the 3rd circulation is the 2nd kind of three subcritical, as to stride critical generating-refrigeration cycle circulating generation cooling flows;

Figure 23 is that the circulation in three: the first of three circulating generation cooling flows is improved Rankine cycle, second circulation is first kind and subcritically strides critical power generation cycle, and the 3rd circulation is to have the 1st kind of heat subcritical again, stride critical generating and cooling circuit three circulating generation cooling flows;

Figure 24 is that three circulating generations and cooling flow circulation in four: the first are improved Rankine cycles, and second circulation is the 2nd kind and subcritically strides critical generating-refrigeration cycle, and wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands; The 3rd circulation is three circulation process of the 1st kind of supercritical generating refrigeration cycle;

Figure 25 is that three circulating generations and cooling flow circulation in five: the first are improved Rankine cycles, second circulation is the 1st kind and subcritically strides critical generating-refrigeration cycle, the 3rd circulation is three circulation process of the 2nd kind of supercritical generating refrigeration cycle, wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

Figure 26 is the power generation cycle that working medium is is directly compressed and liquefied after expanding.

The implication of each label is as follows among the figure:

Fig. 1: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan or compressor or water pump 4 vapour condenser 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second evaporation units (also being the first circulation vapour condenser) 10 second expansion cells 11 second generator units 12 second condensation units 13 second compression pump unit 14 second liquid refrigerant supplementary units, 15 second gaseous working medium supplementary units 16 second are leaked the working medium collector unit

Fig. 2: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan or compressor or 13 second compressions of water pump 4 vapour condenser 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second evaporation units (also being the first circulation vapour condenser) 10 second expansion cells 11 second generator units 12 second compression units drag 14 second condensation units, 15 second compression pump unit, unit, 16 second liquid refrigerant supplementary units, 17 second worker's attitude medium supplementary units 18 second and leak the working medium collector unit

Fig. 3: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generators or blower fan or compression or 16 two-stage pressurizing pump unit, water pump 4 condensers, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed pumps, 9 second evaporation elements (also being the first circulation condenser) 10 second expansion cells, 11 second generator unit 12 second gas-liquid separation unit, 13 second compression unit 14 second condensing units, 15 second one-level force (forcing) pump unit, 17 second liquid medium supplementary units, 18 second gaseous working medium supplementary units 19 second are leaked the working medium collector unit

Fig. 4: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generators or blower fan or compression or water pump 4 condensers 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed pumps, 9 second evaporation elements (also being the first circulation condenser) 10 first expansion cells 11 second circulations the first generator unit 12 again hot cell 13 Secondary Heat Source unit 14 reexpansion unit, 15 second circulations the second generator unit 16 condensing units 17 condenser pump unit 18 second liquid refrigerant supplementary units, 19 second gaseous working medium supplementary units 20 second leak the working medium collector unit

Fig. 5: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generators or blower fan or compression or water pump 4 condensers 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed pumps, 9 second evaporation elements (also being the first circulation condenser) 10 first expansion cells 11 second circulation primary generator units 12 again circulation 20 two-stage pressurizing pump unit 21, the second generator unit 16 gas-liquid separation unit, 17 compression unit 18 condensing units, 19 separator force (forcing) pump unit, 14 reexpansion unit 15 second, hot cell 13 Secondary Heat Source unit again heat pump unit 22 gaseous working medium supplementary units 23 leak the working medium collector units

Fig. 6: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan or compressor or water pump 4 vapour condenser 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second evaporation units (also being the first circulation vapour condenser) 10 second expansion cells 11 second generator units 12 second compression units 13 second cooling units 14 second intercooler unit 15 second working medium supplementary units 16 second are leaked the working medium collector unit.

Fig. 7: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan or compressor or water pump 4 vapour condenser 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second evaporation units (also being the first circulation vapour condenser) 10 second expansion cells 11 second generator units 12 second compression units 13 second leak the working medium collector unit from heat exchange unit 14 second working medium supplementary units 15 second.

Fig. 8: 1 gas compressor 2 firing chambers, 3 gas turbine 4 combustion gas circulating generators, 5 steam boiler 6 steam turbines, 7 Rankine cycle generators or blower fan or compressor or 14 low boiling working fluid circulation compression pump unit, 13 low boiling working fluid circulating condensing unit, 11 low boiling working fluid circulation expansion cells, 12 low boiling working fluid circulating generation unit, water pump 8 Rankine cycle vapour condenser 9 Rankine cycle water pumps, 10 low boiling working fluid circulating and evaporating unit.

Fig. 9: 9 low boiling working fluid circulation compression pump unit, 8 low boiling working fluid circulating condensing unit, 6 low boiling working fluid circulation expansion cells, 7 low boiling working fluid circulating generation unit, 3 gas turbine 4 combustion gas circulating generators, 5 low boiling working fluid circulating and evaporating unit, 1 gas compressor, 2 firing chambers.

Figure 10: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generators or blower fan or compressor or 14 second cooling unit, water pump 4 vapour condenser, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second evaporation units (also being the first circulation vapour condenser) 10 second expansion cells, 11 second generator unit 12 second condensation units, 13 second compression pump unit, 15 second liquid refrigerant supplementary units, 16 second gaseous working medium supplementary units 17 second are leaked the working medium collector unit.

Figure 11: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan, 16 cooling unit, water pump 4 vapour condenser, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second evaporation units (also being the first circulation vapour condenser) 10 second expansion cells, 11 second generator unit 12 gas-liquid separation unit, 13 compression unit 14 second condensation units, 15 gas-liquid separation compression pump unit, 17 liquid refrigerant supplementary units, 18 gaseous working medium supplementary units 19 are leaked the working medium collector unit

Figure 12: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generators or blower fan or compressor or water pump 4 condensers, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feedwaters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation condenser), 10 first expansion cells, 11 second circulations the first generator unit 12 again hot cell 13 Secondary Heat Sources 14 second expansion cells 15 second circulation 18 cooling unit 19, the second generator unit 16 condensing units, 17 condenser pump unit again heat pump unit 20 gaseous working medium supplementary units 21 leak the working medium collector units.

Figure 13: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generators or blower fan or water pump 4 vapour condenser 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 feed water pumps, 9 second evaporation units (also being the first circulation vapour condenser) 10 second expansion cells 11 second generator units 12 second compression units 13 second cooling unit 14 second cooling units, 15 second working medium supplementary units 16 second are leaked the working medium collector unit.

Figure 14: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan or compressor or water pump 4 vapour condenser 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second evaporation units (also being the first circulation vapour condenser) 10 second expansion cells 11 second generator units 12 second compression units 13 second leak the working medium collector unit from heat exchange unit 14 second coolings 15 second working medium supplementary units 16 second.

Figure 15: 1 gas compressor 2 firing chambers, 3 gas turbine 4 combustion gas circulating generators, 5 steam boiler 6 steam turbines, 7 Rankine cycle generators or blower fan or compressor or 15 low boiling working fluid recycle pump unit, 14 low boiling working fluid circulating condensing unit, 13 cooling unit, 11 low boiling working fluid circulation expansion cells, 12 low boiling working fluid circulating generation unit, water pump 8 Rankine cycle vapour condenser 9 Rankine cycle water pumps, 10 low boiling working fluid circulating and evaporating unit

Figure 16: the working medium collector unit is leaked in 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation vapour condenser), 10 second circulation expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, 13 second circulation compression pump unit, 12 second circulating condensing unit, 14 second circulation liquid refrigerant supplementary units, 15 second circulation gaseous working medium supplementary units, 16 second circulations of water pump 4 vapour condenser.The 3rd circulation

compression pump unit

22,18 the 3rd circulation expansion cell 19 the 3rd generator unit 20 the 3rd circulating condensing

unit

21,17 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit (also being the second circulation condensing unit) the 3rd circulation liquid refrigerant supplementary units 23 the 3rd circulation gaseous working medium supplementary units 24 the 3rd is leaked the working medium collector unit

Figure 17: the working medium collector unit is leaked in 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation vapour condenser), 10 second circulation expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, 13 second circulation compression pump unit, 12 second circulating condensing unit, 14 second circulation liquid refrigerant supplementary units, 15 second circulation gaseous working medium supplementary units, 16 second circulations of water pump 4 vapour condenser.The working medium collector unit is leaked in 17 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit (also being the second circulation condensing unit), 18 the 3rd circulation expansion cells 19 the 3rd generator unit 20 the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation 21 the 3rd loop compression unit 22 the 3rd circulating condensing unit 23 the 3rd circulation one-level compression pump unit 25, the 3rd circulation one-level compression pump unit 24 the 3rd circulation liquid refrigerant supplementary units 26 the 3rd circulation gaseous working medium supplementary units 27 the 3rd circulation

Figure 18: the working medium collector unit is leaked in 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation vapour condenser), 10 second circulation expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, 12 second circulating condensing unit, 13 second circulation compression pump unit, 14 second cycle fluid supplementary units, 15 second circulations of water pump 4 vapour condenser.Other the 3rd circulation compression pump unit 25, the 3rd circulating condensing unit 24, the 3rd circulation secondary electricity generation unit 23, thermal source 21 the 3rd circulation reexpansion unit 22 the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units 26 the 3rd circulation primary of hot cell 20 the 3rd circulation that circulate 16 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit (also being the second circulation condensing unit), 17 the 3rd circulation primary expansion cells 18 the 3rd circulation primary generator unit 19 the 3rd again expand and leak working medium collector unit 27 the 3rd circulation reexpansion leakage working medium collector unit

Figure 19: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generating sets or blower fan or compressor or 17 second circulation two-stage pressurizing pump unit, 16 second circulation one-level force (forcing) pump unit, 13 second circulation gas-liquid separation unit 14 second circulation compression units, 15 second circulation compression condensation unit, 12 second circulating condensing unit, 10 second circulation expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, water pump 4 condensers, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feedwaters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation condenser), 18 second gaseous working medium supplementary units 19 second are leaked the 3rd circulation expansion cell 22 the 3rd circulating generation unit 23 the 3rd circulation compression unit 24 the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units 25 the 3rd circulation of working medium collector unit 20 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit 21 and are leaked the working medium collector unit

Figure 20: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generating sets or blower fan or compressor or 13 second circulation force (forcing) pump unit, 12 second circulating condensing unit, 10 second circulation expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, water pump 4 condensers, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feedwaters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation condenser), 14 second gaseous working medium supplementary units 15 second are leaked the 3rd circulation expansion cell 18 the 3rd circulating generation unit 19 the 3rd circulation compression unit 20 the 3rd circulation of working medium collector unit 16 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit 17 and are leaked the working medium collector unit from the 3rd circulation of heat exchange unit 21 the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units 22

Figure 21: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generating sets or blower fan, 12 second condensing units, 13 second circulation force (forcing) pump unit, water pump 4 condensers, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feedwaters, 9 second evaporation elements (also being the first circulation condenser) 10 second expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, 14 second circulation liquid refrigerant supplementary units, 15 second gaseous working medium supplementary units 16 second are leaked working medium collector unit 17 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit (also being the second circulation condensing unit) 18 the 3rd circulation expansion cells 19 the 3rd generator unit 20 the 3rd circulating condensing unit 21 the 3rd circulation force (forcing) pump unit 22 the 3rd cooling unit 23 the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units 24 the 3rd circulation and are leaked the working medium collector unit

Figure 22: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generating sets or blower fan, 12 second condensing units, 13 second circulation force (forcing) pump unit, 10 second circulation expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, water pump 4 condensers, 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feedwaters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation condenser), 14 second circulation liquid refrigerant supplementary units, 15 second gaseous working medium supplementary units 16 second are leaked working medium collector unit 17 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit (also being the second circulation condensing unit) 18 the 3rd circulation expansion cells 19 the 3rd generator unit 20 the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation unit 21 the 3rd circulation compression unit 22 the 3rd circulating condensing unit 23 the 3rd circulation one-level force (forcing) pump unit 24 the 3rd circulation two-stage pressurizing pump 25 the 3rd circulation cooling unit 26 the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units 27 the 3rd circulation and are leaked the working medium collector unit

Figure 23:the working medium collector unit is leaked in 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan, 5 condensate pump, 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation vapour condenser), 10 second circulation expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, 12 second circulating condensing unit, 13 second circulation compression pump unit, other the 3rd circulation cooling unit 26, the 3rd circulation force (forcing) pump unit 25, thermal source 21 the 3rd circulation secondary expansion cell 22 the 3rd circulation secondary generator unit 23 the 3rd circulating condensing unit 24 the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units 27 the 3rd circulation primary of hot cell 20 the 3rd circulation that circulate 14 second cycle fluid supplementary units, 15 second circulations of water pump, 4 vapour condenser.16 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit (also being the second circulation condensing unit), 17 the 3rd circulation primary expansion cells 18 the 3rd circulation primary generator unit 19 the 3rd again expand and leak working medium collector unit 28 the 3rd circulation secondary expansion leakage working medium collector unit

Figure 24: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generating sets or blower fan or compressor or 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feedwaters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation condenser), 10 second circulation expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, 12 second circulating condensing unit, 13 second circulation force (forcing) pump unit, 14 second circulation cooling unit, 15 second cycle fluid supplementary units, 16 second circulations of water pump 4 condensers are leaked the 3rd circulation expansion cell 19 the 3rd circulating generation unit 20 the 3rd circulation compression unit 21 the 3rd circulation cooling unit 22 the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units 23 the 3rd circulation of working medium collector unit 17 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit 18 and are leaked the working medium collector unit

Figure 25: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generating sets or blower fan or compressor or 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feedwaters, 9 second circulating and evaporating unit (also being the first circulation condenser), 10 second circulation expansion cells, 11 second circulating generation unit, 12 second circulating condensing unit, 13 second circulation force (forcing) pump unit, 14 second circulation cooling unit, 15 second cycle fluid supplementary units, 16 second circulations of water pump 4 condensers are leaked the 3rd circulation expansion cell 19 the 3rd circulating generation unit 20 the 3rd circulation compression unit 21 the 3rd circulation of working medium collector unit 17 the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit 18 and are leaked the working medium collector unit from the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units 24 the 3rd circulation of heat exchange unit 22 the 3rd circulation cooling unit 23

Figure 26: 1 steam boiler 2 steam turbines, 3 generator set or blower fan or compressor or water pump 4 vapour condenser 5 condensate pump 6 Water Treatment, 7 oxygen-eliminating devices, 8 boiler feed waters, 9 second evaporation units (also being the first circulation vapour condenser) 10 second expansion cells 11 second generator units 12 second condensation units 13 second compression units 14 compressors drag unit 15 second liquid refrigerant supplementary units 16 second and leak the working medium collector unit

Embodiment

The present invention is a kind of multicycle power generation thermodynamic system, and purpose is that the latent heat of condensation of steam is also used generating.Approach is to replace recirculated cooling water with low boiling working fluid.Have certain pressure can low boiling working fluid absorb the latent heat of condensation of water vapor after, perhaps becoming the gaseous state volume by liquid state increases, or gaseous state rises to the high volume increase by low temperature, the calorific potential of water vapor become low boiling working fluid pressure can and heat energy become kinetic energy again, promote second circulation expansion cell moving element motion and then drive generator unit to generate electricity or generate electricity and doublely cold is provided or drags other working machines.

Adopt subcritical when striding critical cycle, can use air or recirculated cooling water to take away the latent heat of low boiling working fluid, because its latent heat lacks than the latent heat of water, can change into a part of latent heat of condensation of water vapor mechanical energy and then change into electric energy, reduce the consumption of cooling circulating water and the thermal efficiency of cycle of raising condensed steam type and sucking condensing type unit.

Adopt overcritical circulation time, also can use air or recirculated cooling water to take away portion of energy, but compare little with the latent heat of condensation of water vapor.Can change into a part of latent heat of condensation of water vapor mechanical energy and then change into electric energy, reduce the consumption of cooling circulating water and the thermal efficiency of cycle of raising condensed steam type and sucking condensing type unit.

For improving thermoelectric conversion ratio, can increase by the 3rd circulation and continue to transform, to obtain more convertible energy.Its circulation is with second circulation, but working medium is suitable for the working medium of doing work instead under low temperature more.In like manner, can increase the 4th circulation, the 5th circulation.

Based on this, the cooling water inflow of the double-curve cooling column consumption of power station can reduce, and improves environment.

The implementation method of system of the present invention is as follows:

After first Rankine cycle that with water is cycle fluid, being connected in series one is second Rankine cycle of cycle fluid with low boiling matter, promptly adopts two Rankine cycle generatings or drags working machines such as blower fan, water pump; The vapour condenser of first Rankine cycle is the vaporizer of second Rankine cycle; The refrigerant of the vapour condenser of first Rankine cycle does not adopt cooling water, but the cycle fluid of second Rankine cycle.

2) expand into setting temperature, use compressor pressurizes, enter the second Rankine cycle condenser, use the refrigerant cooling liquid, enter the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser with the pressurization of pump secondary again;

3) expand into partial liquefaction, enter the gas-liquid separator gas-liquid separation, the compressed machine compression of the gas that gas-liquid separator separates goes out enters the second Rankine cycle condenser after boosting and heating up, become liquid with the refrigerant cooling condensation, the liquid that gas-liquid separator separates goes out is through one-level pump pressurization, and two flow of liquid are converged laggard secondary compression pump secondary and added and compress into the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser;

5) expand into uniform temperature and pressure and directly be compressed into liquid state, enter the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser with the pressurization of pump secondary again with compression unit.

The working medium of second Rankine cycle the first circulation vapour condenser promptly the gasification temperature under the second circulating evaporator setting pressure be lower than 100 ℃, absorb the latent heat of condensation of the first Rankine cycle working-medium water steam, the latent heat of condensation and transformable sensible heat are changed into the heat energy and the pressure energy of the second Rankine cycle working medium;

The condensing temperature of the working medium of second Rankine cycle is higher than normal temperature or near normal temperature or be lower than a certain setting temperature of normal temperature, available normal temperature cooling water, air or be lower than the second Rankine cycle working medium at the refrigerant of setting the condensing temperature under the operating mode, this working medium cooling and realization condensation liquefaction, perhaps compress and cool off and realize liquefying.

Improve the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser temperature, with the expansion acting temperature range, the conversion that helps the latent heat of condensation that enlarge second circulatory mediator, help obtaining of working medium, reduce by the second cycle fluid consumption, and first Rankine cycle is transferred to second cycle fluid, acting in second circulation because of the acting amount that improves the condensing temperature and reduce.For guaranteeing that steam turbine is operated in design conditions, new unit can be designed to high back pressure or steam-extracting type, and existing unit can draw gas before suitable level or remove last one-level or number grade blade.

Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

System of the present invention comprises first circulation, second circulation at least, also can comprise the 3rd circulation, even the 4th, the 5th circulation.

First circulation is the Rankine cycle of making working medium with water, comprises water vapor boiler, water vapor steam turbine, generator or blower fan or compressor or water pump, vapour condenser and accessory.Unit has condensed steam type and sucking condensing type.Difference is that vapour condenser does not re-use recirculated cooling water, and is to use low boiling working fluid.Low boiling working fluid is not entirely by the cooling tower cooling, but acting cooling and cooling tower cooling.Second recycles low boiling working fluid.

The elementary cell of low boiling working fluid multicycle power generation is evaporation unit, expansion cell, generator unit, medium presser unit, the medium presser unit is liquid compression pump unit or gas compression unit or liquid compression pump unit and gas compression unit, take subcritical, also have condensation unit when striding critical cycle.Other unit are auxiliary units, according to recursive nature and design needs changeable auxiliary unit and conversion auxiliary unit position.Can be designed to fixed and portable two kinds as the working medium supplementary device, when taking portable supplementary device, in system, only establish interface.And then if do not need to be designed to replenish medium and to make superior or other reasons also can be cancelled the working medium supplementary device; Consider according to factors such as flow scheme design and cost performances comprehensively, can not establish the leaking medium gathering-device.

Above-mentioned first circulation can be connected on after the gas turbine power generation circulation, the combustion turbine exhaustion pipe connects the import of improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser shell side, combustion turbine exhaustion is done the thermal source of improved Rankine cycle steam boiler, thereby constitutes combustion gas-water-low boiling working fluid multicycle power generation flow process.

The side-entrance of above-mentioned low boiling working fluid circuit vaporizer hot fluid also can directly link to each other with the combustion turbine exhaustion pipe, combustion turbine exhaustion is done low boiling working fluid circuit high temperature heat source, promptly water is not cooked the improved Rankine cycle of working medium, thereby constitutes the two circulations of combustion gas-low boiling working fluid.

Described gas turbine power generation circulation comprises elementary cells such as gas compressor, firing chamber, gas turbine and generator.

Fig. 1～Fig. 9 is five kinds of basic procedures of the two circulating generations of low boiling working fluid, can be divided into seven segmentation flow processs and combustion gas, water vapor, the circulation of low boiling working fluid cogeneration, combustion gas, the two circulating generations of low boiling working fluid.Second circulation kind: Fig. 1 be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle, Fig. 2 has the 1st kind of compression subcritical, strides critical power generation cycle, Fig. 3 be the 2nd kind subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle, Fig. 4 be have first kind again heat subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle, Fig. 5 be have second kind again heat subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle, Fig. 6 is the 1st kind of supercritical generating circulation, and Fig. 7 is the 2nd kind of supercritical generating circulation.Fig. 8 is combustion gas, water and the circulation of low boiling working fluid cogeneration, wherein low boiling working fluid a kind of of desirable Fig. 1～Fig. 7 of circulating.Fig. 9 is the circulation of combustion gas, low boiling working fluid cogeneration, wherein circulate a kind of among desirable Fig. 1～Fig. 7 of low boiling working fluid.

As shown in Figure 1.Improved Rankine cycle by water vapor boiler 1, steam turbine 2, generator set or blower fan, water pump 3, vapour condenser 4, condensate pump 5, Water Treatment 6, oxygen-eliminating device 7, boiler feed pump 8 and accessory such as economizer, high low pressure heater, dewatering capacity-enlarging device, decide the part or all of units in thermal power plant such as row, platoon, valve, pipeline, desulfation dust-extraction device and control system and form.But vapour condenser has not been to make cooling working medium with recirculated cooling water, but under the employing normal temperature and pressure natural refrigerant or the artificial synthesis working medium of gas, comprise: hydrocarbon, alkanes, alkene class, alkynes class, arene comprise the oxygenatedchemicals of ether, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketone, the ester class, anaerobic halide-containing, aerobic halide-containing, sulfur-containing compound, nitrogen-containing compound; Both can be single working medium, it also can be mixture, mixture as ethane, butane, normal butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane, ethene, propylene, butylene, maleic, isobutylene, butadiene, dimethylbenzene, chloroethanes, chlorobutane, vinyl chloride, R134a series, R410A series, HFC series synthetic, dimethyl ether, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), carbon dioxide gas, carbon dioxide and absorbing agent thereof, and the various suitable working medium such as the aqueous solution of nitrogen, air, helium, argon gas, hydrogen, ammonia, ammonia, the general designation low boiling point working medium.The latent heat that replaces recirculated cooling water to absorb the water vapor of finishing merit by low boiling working fluid transforms water vapor part heat by acting generating cooling again, and the latent heat of low boiling working fluid continues with cooling tower evaporation or wind cooling temperature lowering, and the recirculated cooling water amount reduces.Therefore the double-curve cooling column load reduces.The exhaust steam of Rankine cycle water vapor condenses into water, is delivered to the precision processing of chemical workshop section by condensate pump or directly advances oxygen-eliminating device and give boiler again and recycle.

Second circulation is similar with first circulation, comprise elementary cells such as evaporation unit, expansion cell, generator unit and presser unit, also comprise condensation unit in the critical cycle or also comprise compression unit or also comprise compression unit and condensation unit or also comprise again hot cell and reexpansion unit or repeatedly heat and expansion cell repeatedly again subcritical striding, in overcritical circulation, also comprise compression unit or compression unit and heat exchange unit.It does not use the boiler of fuel, and its " boiler " is that evaporation unit is the first circuit vapour condenser.States of matter change and acting no longer be water vapor, but low boiling point working medium.Its boiling point under the first circulation vapour condenser setting pressure is less than 100 ℃, under vapour condenser operating temperature and cold side pressure, can vaporize, absorb the condensation latent heat and the part sensible heat of water vapor exhaust steam, water vapor is condensed into water, gasification after self absorbs heat, the decompression of expanding in the second circulation expansion cell is lowered the temperature, and the part of water recovery latent heat is changed into mechanical energy, promotes the second circulation expansion cell rotor rotation or piston motion and then drives generator for electricity generation.Stride in the critical cycle subcritical, the condensing temperature of low boiling working fluid under the condenser setting pressure be higher than normal temperature or near normal temperature or the temperature that is higher than specific refrigerant by normal temperature cooling water, air or specific refrigerant cooling condensation, by pump pressurization back secondary enter evaporation unit promptly the first circulation vapour condenser begin secondary cycle; In overcritical circulation, the compressed cell compression of low boiling working fluid after the acting cooling, the also available refrigerant in compression back cools, and entering evaporation unit then is that the first circulation condensing is done secondary cycle.

For obtaining optimal temperature, mixture working medium is taked to change each component ratio method, to change the gasification point and the liquefaction point of mixture working medium.

For ease of absorbing the first circulating water steam latent heat, can suitably improve first circulation vapour condenser working pressure and the temperature, choose with the temperature range, the conversion that helps the latent heat of condensation and the working medium that enlarge low boiling working fluid acting cooling.After improving the first circulation vapour condenser operating temperature, first circulating generation or acting amount will reduce, but simultaneously in second circulation acting generating temperature equivalent increase, the more important thing is, help the absorption of latent heat and be converted into electric energy.

For guaranteeing the efficient of first turbine cycle, do not change design conditions, can remove steam turbine last stage or number grade blade or before suitable level, draw gas, the Design of Steam Turbine of coming of new becomes high back pressure work.

Second circulation and the 3rd circulation can be subcritical cycle, stride critical cycle, one of thermal cycle again and overcritical circulation are arranged.Fig. 1 is to Figure 9 shows that basic circulation.Second circulation and the 3rd circulation can be the combinations of above-mentioned basic circulation and remodeling thereof.

Subcritical, stride in critical cycle and the overcritical circulation and do not establish the working medium supplementary units, only establish additional interface, do not leak the working medium collector unit, the position of conversion heat exchange unit, cooling unit and quantity all are basic circuit remodeling, and every kind of basic circulation and basic circulation, circulation and basic circulation remodeling, basic circulation remodeling and basic circulation remodeling all can make up according to needs substantially.

Second power generation cycle shown in Figure 1 be the 1st kind subcritical and stride critical power generation cycle, by the first circuit vapour condenser 4 promptly the second circuit evaporator unit also be the second circuit boiler unit 9, second expansion cell 10, second generator unit 11, second condensation unit 12, the second compression pump unit 13, the second liquid refrigerant supplementary units 14, the second gaseous working medium supplementary units 15, leak that second working medium is collected and re-use device unit 16 and match equipment, control gear are formed.

Wherein the hot fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4 connects steam turbine 2 steam discharges, the hot fluid side outlet connects condensate system, the cold fluid side-entrance connects 13 outlets of second compression pump, the cold fluid side outlet connects expansion cell 10 imports, the expansion cell outlet connects condensation unit 12 imports, the condensation unit outlet connects 13 imports of the second compression pump unit, and the outlet of the second compression pump unit connects the cold fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4.The output shaft sending and receiving electric unit input shaft of expansion cell.

Cyclic process is: at the first circuit vapour condenser 4 is in the second circuit evaporation unit 9, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in liquid state second working medium absorption Rankine cycle of high pressure low temperature gasifies water recovery Cheng Shuihou self, enter second expansion cell 10, pressure reduces volumetric expansion, can become kinetic energy to pressure, promote rotation of expansion cell rotor or piston motion acting, drive generator unit 11 generatings, second medium temperature of finishing merit is reduced to setting temperature such as condensing temperature or two-phase point temperature or triple point temperature and enters condensation unit 12, all be liquefied as liquid, be raised to high pressure through compression pump unit 13, subcritical or critical or supercritical pressure enters the i.e. first circulation vapour condenser, the 4 beginnings circulation for the second time of evaporation unit 9.

For replenishing loss of working substance, between the condensation unit 12 and second compression pump 13, establish liquid medium supplementary units 14, or between evaporation unit 9 and expansion cell 10, establish gaseous working medium supplementary units 15, the two get its two or one, replenish working medium to system when being used in system the working medium reserves and descending, also can only establish interface or do not establish according to situation; Leakage working medium collector unit 16 is used for collecting leakage working medium, mainly is expansion cell shaft-packing leakage, also can not establish if be designed to not have the leakage type or leak reasons such as working medium value is very low.

Measurement and indicating meter and automatic control systems such as pressure, temperature, flow, vibration are housed on the main frame; comprise adjusting and vibration monitoring, protection and the fault treatment etc. of pressure, flow, temperature, rotating speed etc.; instrument has indicates and change is delivered to distant place master-control room and shown that local operation dish and MCR Master Control Room operating table or control panel are arranged on the spot.According to circumstances can not establish even less yet and establish.

Second circulation shown in Figure 2 be still first kind subcritical and stride critical power generation cycle, and the difference of Fig. 1 is to increase by second compression unit 12 and second compression drags unit 13 between expansion cell 10 and condensation unit 14, cyclic process is that compressed again unit 12 compressed laggard condensation unit 14 after working medium went out expansion cell, is beneficial to the adjustment liquefaction pressure.Other same Fig. 1.

Second circulation shown in Figure 3 be the 2nd kind subcritical and stride critical power generation cycle, with the 1st kind of power generation cycle difference be that expansion cell outlet medium is a gas-liquid two-phase flow.By the first circuit vapour condenser 4 is that the second circuit evaporator unit also is the second circuit evaporation unit 9, second expansion cell 10, second generator unit 11, second gas-liquid separation unit 12, the isolated gaseous state second working medium compression unit 13, second condensation unit 14, gas-liquid separation one-level compression pump unit 15, secondary compression pump unit 16, the second liquid refrigerant supplementary units 17, the second gaseous working medium supplementary units 18, second leaks working medium collector unit 19 and match equipment, control gear is formed.

Wherein the hot fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4 connects steam turbine 2 steam discharges, the hot fluid side outlet connects condensate pump 5 imports, the cold fluid side-entrance connects 16 outlets of secondary compression pump, the cold fluid side outlet connects expansion cell 10 imports, the expansion cell outlet connects 12 imports of second gas-liquid separation unit, the gas-liquid separation unit gas outlet connects 13 imports of second compression unit, and the outlet of second compression unit connects 14 imports of second condensation unit, and the outlet of second condensation unit is in parallel with 15 outlets of the second one-level compression pump; The gas-liquid separation unit liquid outlet connects unit 15 imports of gas-liquid separation one-level compression pump, one-level compression pump unit outlet with connect 16 imports of secondary compression pump unit after 14 outlets of second condensation unit are in parallel, secondary compression pump unit exports and connects the cold fluid side-entrance that evaporation unit 9 is a vapour condenser 4.The output shaft sending and receiving electric unit input shaft and the compression unit input shaft of expansion cell, compression unit also can be dragged separately by motor.

Cyclic process is: at the first circuit vapour condenser 4 is in the second circuit evaporation unit 9, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in liquid state second medium absorption Rankine cycle of high pressure low temperature gasifies water recovery Cheng Shuihou self, enter second expansion cell 10, pressure reduces volumetric expansion, can become kinetic energy to pressure, promote rotation of expansion cell rotor or piston motion acting, drive generator unit 11 generatings, also can drive 13 pairs of isolated gaseous state second working medium pressurizations of compression unit simultaneously.The second working medium temperature of finishing merit is reduced to condensing temperature or two-phase point temperature or triple point temperature, and part is that liquid partly is gas, enters gas-liquid separation unit 12.Isolated liquid through one-level compression pump unit 15 pressurizations give secondary compression pump 16.Isolated gas enters compression unit 13, compresses laggard second condensation unit 14 and is cooled and is condensed into liquid, and the liquid of sending with one-level compression pump 15 converges and enters secondary compression pump 16.The low boiling liquid medium is pressurized to elevated pressures to secondary compression pump 16 such as subcritical or critical even supercritical pressure is sent into evaporator unit 9, absorbs Rankine cycle and finish the latent heat of the water vapor of merit and gasify once more and do work.

Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands.

For replenishing loss, behind one-level compression pump 15, establish low boiling liquid refrigerant supplementary units 17, behind evaporation unit, establish 18 pairs of leakage loss working medium of low boiling gaseous working medium supplementary units and replenish.Pressure, the states of matter that also can consider to replenish working medium reach factors such as obtaining benefit as far as possible and choose auxiliary point comprehensively.For saving the second working medium consumption, establish and leak low boiling working fluid gathering-device 19, utilize again after the collection.According to flow scheme design, working medium supplementary units and leakage working medium collector unit can not established yet.

This is located described unit and comprises that main frame, supplementary equipment, instrument and control etc. are whole, can be several unit serial or parallel connections.

Figure 4 shows that first kind of heat is subcritical strides critical second circulation process again, second circulation by by the first circuit vapour condenser 4 promptly the second circuit evaporation unit 9, first expansion cell 10, second circulation, first generator unit 11, again hot cell 12, second heat source unit 13, reexpansion unit 14, reexpansion generator unit 15, condensation unit 16, condensate extractionpump unit 17, again heat pump unit 18, gaseous working medium supplementary units 19, leak working medium collector unit 20 and match equipment, control gear is formed.

Wherein the heat exchanger components hot fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4 connects steam turbine 2 steam discharges, the hot fluid side outlet connects condensate pump 5 imports, the side-entrance of heat exchanger components cold fluid connects 17 outlets of condensate pump unit, the cold fluid side outlet connects 10 imports of first expansion cell, the outlet of first expansion cell connects hot cell 12 imports again, the hot cell outlet connects 14 imports of reexpansion unit again, the outlet of reexpansion unit connects condensation unit 16 imports, the condensation unit outlet connects 17 imports of condensate extractionpump unit, and the outlet of condensate extractionpump pump unit connects the heat exchanger components cold fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4.The output of first expansion cell be coupling second the circulation the first generator unit input shaft, the reexpansion unit connects the second circulation reexpansion generator unit input shaft.Hot cell 12 condensation-water drains connect heat pump 18 imports again again, and the heat pump unit outlet is in parallel with 5 outlets of the first circulation condensate pump again.

Cyclic process is: at the first circuit vapour condenser 4 is in the second circuit evaporation unit 9, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in the liquid refrigerant absorption Rankine cycle of high pressure low temperature gasifies water recovery Cheng Shuihou self, enter second circulation, first expansion cell 10, pressure reduces volumetric expansion, can become kinetic energy to pressure, promote rotation of expansion cell rotor or piston motion acting, drive 11 generatings of second circulation, first generator unit, finish the second working medium temperature of merit, pressure is reduced to setting pressure, but pressure is still very high, there is pressure be able to utilize, entering hot cell 12 is heated by the heat of the water vapor that attracts from the first circulation vapour condenser 4 or second heat source unit again, be warmed up to the laggard reexpansion of setting temperature unit 14 reexpansions, expand into setting temperature such as saturation temperature or two-phase point temperature or triple point temperature and enter condensation unit 16, all be liquefied as liquid by the refrigerant cooling, be raised to high pressure through condensate extractionpump unit 17, subcritical or critical or supercritical pressure enters the i.e. first circulation vapour condenser, the 4 beginnings circulation for the second time of evaporation unit 9.Heat pump unit is sent the first cyclic chemical water treatment 6 of going in parallel with 5 outlets of the first circulation condensate pump to the condensed water of hot cell more again.

For replenishing loss of working substance, between evaporation unit 9 and expansion cell 10, establish working medium supplementary units 19, replenish working medium to system when being used for that the working medium reserves descend in system, also can only establish interface or do not establish according to situation; Leakage working medium collector unit 20 is used for collecting leakage working medium, mainly is expansion cell shaft-packing leakage, also can not establish if be designed to not have the leakage type or leak reasons such as working medium value is very low.

Figure 5 shows that second kind of heat is subcritical strides critical power generation cycle again.Second circulation is by by the i.e. second circuit evaporation unit 9 of the first circuit vapour condenser 4, first expansion cell 10, second circulation, first generator unit 11, hot cell 12 again, second heat source unit 13, reexpansion unit 14, second circulation, second generator unit 15, gas-liquid separation unit 16, isolated gas compression unit 17, condensation unit 18, separate compression pump unit 19, secondary compression pump unit 20 is heat pump unit 21 working medium supplementary units 22 again, leak working

medium collector unit

23 and 24 and match equipment, control gear is formed.

Wherein the hot fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4 connects steam turbine 2 steam discharges, the hot fluid side outlet connects condensate pump 5 imports, the cold fluid side-entrance connects 20 outlets of secondary compression pump unit, the cold fluid side outlet connects expansion cell 10 imports, an expansion cell outlet connects hot cell 12 imports again, the hot cell outlet connects 14 imports of reexpansion unit again, the outlet of reexpansion unit connects gas-liquid separation unit 16 imports, the gas-liquid separation unit gas outlet connects compression unit 17 imports, the compression unit outlet connects condensation unit 18 imports, condensation unit exports and separates compression pump 19 outlet parallel connections, the gas-liquid separation unit liquid outlet connects and separates compression pump unit 19 imports, separative element compression pump unit outlet with connect secondary compression pump unit 20 inlets after condensation unit 18 outlets are in parallel, the secondary compression pump exports and connects evaporation unit 9 is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser 4 cold fluid side-entrances.The output of an expansion cell second circulation first generator unit 11 input shafts that are coupling, the output of the reexpansion unit second circulation secondary electricity generation unit, 15 input shafts that are coupling.The hot cell condensation-water drain connects heat pump 21 imports again again, and the heat pump unit outlet is in parallel with the condensate pump outlet again.Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands.

Cyclic process is: at the first circuit vapour condenser 4 is in the second circuit evaporation unit 9, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in the liquid refrigerant absorption Rankine cycle of high pressure low temperature gasifies water recovery Cheng Shuihou self, enter the second circulation primary expansion cell 10, pressure reduces volumetric expansion, can become kinetic energy to pressure, promote rotation of expansion cell rotor or piston motion acting, drive 11 generatings of second circulation, first generator unit, the working medium temperature of finishing merit reduces, pressure is reduced to setting pressure, but still it is very high, there is pressure be able to utilize, entering hot cell 12 is heated by the heat of the water vapor that attracts from the first circulation vapour condenser 4 or second heat source unit 13 again, be warmed up to the laggard reexpansion of setting temperature unit 14 reexpansions, expand into setting temperature such as saturation temperature or two-phase point temperature or triple point temperature and enter gas-liquid separation unit 16, isolated gas enters compression unit 17 compressions, compress laggard condensation unit 18, all being liquefied as liquid by the refrigerant cooling goes out condensation unit and separates compression pump 19 outlet parallel connections, advance 20 imports of secondary compression pump unit, the isolated liquid of separative element adds and compresses into that pressurization is in parallel with condensation unit 18 outlets advances 20 imports of secondary compression pump through separating compression pump unit 19, and whole liquid are pressurized to high pressure by the secondary compression pump, subcritical or critical or supercritical pressure enters the i.e. first circulation vapour condenser, the 4 beginnings circulation for the second time of evaporation unit 9.Heat pump unit 21 is sent the first cyclic chemical water treatment 6 of going in parallel with 5 outlets of the first circulation condensate pump to the condensed water of hot cell 12 more again.

For replenishing loss of working substance, between evaporation unit 9 and expansion cell 10, establish working medium supplementary units 22, replenish working medium to system when being used for that the working medium reserves descend in system, also can only establish interface or do not establish according to situation; Leakage working

medium collector unit

23,24 is respectively applied for the leakage working medium of expansion cell 10 of collection and compression unit 17, mainly is shaft-packing leakage, also can not establish if be designed to not have the leakage type or leak reasons such as working medium value is very low.

Fig. 6 is that second circulation is the flow process that the external agency cooling is adopted in the 1st kind of supercritical generating circulation.Promptly the second circuit evaporation unit 9, second expansion cell 10, second generator unit 11, second compression unit 12, second cooling unit 13, second intercooler unit 14, the second working medium supplementary units 15, the second leakage working medium collector unit 16 are formed by the first circuit vapour condenser 4 in second circulation.Wherein the hot fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4 connects steam turbine 2 steam discharges, the hot fluid side outlet connects condensate pump 5 imports, the cold fluid side outlet connects expansion cell 10 inlets, the expansion cell outlet connects compression unit 12 inlets, the compression unit outlet connects cooling unit 13 inlets, the cooling unit outlet connects vapour condenser cold fluid side entrance, and intercooler unit 14 imports connect the outlet of compression unit low pressure stage, and the intercooler unit outlet connects the import of compression unit next stage.Cyclic process is: high pressure low temperature gas enters the Rankine cycle vapour condenser, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in absorption makes water recovery Cheng Shui, the gas heating volumetric expansion enters expansion cell, can become kinetic energy to pressure and make expansion cell output shaft motion drive generator unit rotor rotary electrification or drive compression unit simultaneously to the gas pressurized after expanding.Compression unit also available motor drags separately.A kind of flow scheme design is that the gaseous working medium temperature after the compression is elevated to more than the normal temperature, enter cooler, arrive a certain design value with recirculated cooling water or air cooling-down, purpose improves the degree of vacuum of the first circulation vapour condenser, second kind of design is that the very high inter-stage that needs of compression unit temperature rise cools off to reduce compression work and to improve compression efficiency, if interstage cooler is drawn gas in compression midway, sending into the compression unit next stage after cooling, to enter evaporator unit 9 then be vapour condenser 4, if the compression unit Outlet Gas Temperature is still higher, then establishing cooling unit continues gas cooling, enter vapour condenser 4 after the cooling again, the latent heat that absorbs water vapor circulates once more; Gas temperature is still very low after the flow scheme design compression, then can not establish heat exchanger, directly enters evaporation unit after the compression and circulates once more.

Second circulation shown in Figure 7 is the circulation of second kind of supercritical generating, comprise vapour condenser 4 promptly the second circulating and evaporating unit 9, expansion cell 10, generator unit 11, compression unit 12, from heat exchange unit 13, working medium supplementary units 14 with leak working medium collector unit 15.Wherein the hot fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4 connects steam turbine 2 steam discharges, the hot fluid side outlet connects condensate pump 5 imports, the cold fluid side outlet connects from heat exchange unit 13 shell side imports, connect expansion cell 10 imports from the outlet of heat exchange unit cold flow side shell side, the expansion cell outlet connects compression unit 12 imports, the compression unit outlet connects from heat exchange unit 13 tube side imports, connects the cold fluid side entrance of vapour condenser 4 from the outlet of heat exchange unit tube side.This flow process characteristics are to establish from heat exchange unit.Second circulation is from heat exchange process, and heat exchange unit is located between evaporation unit 9 and the expansion cell 10.Lower the temperature to improve the degree of vacuum of vapour condenser to compressing the higher gas of back temperature with the gas that the relative temperature of coming out from the first circulation vapour condenser is lower.The vapour condenser that raises out simultaneously advances the gas temperature of expansion cell, improves the acting ability of expansion cell.Cyclic process is: high pressure low temperature gas enters i.e. second evaporation unit 9 of Rankine cycle vapour condenser 4, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in absorption makes water recovery Cheng Shui, the gas converting heat that the gas heating volumetric expansion enters after the compression on heat exchange unit 13 hot-fluid sides and cold flow side enters expansion cell 10, can become kinetic energy to pressure and make the motion of expansion cell output shaft drive generator unit 11 rotor rotary electrifications or drive compression unit 12 simultaneously; Gas after the expansion enters compression unit 12 and is compressed, and enters after the pressure rising volume-diminished from heat exchange unit 13 cold flow sides, stresses multiple circulation with the cold fluid that enters vaporizer behind the gas converting heat of hot-fluid side.If compression unit intergrade temperature is too high, can as Fig. 6, establishes intercooler unit gas is lowered the temperature.

Figure 8 shows that fuel gas generation circulation, water vapor are Rankine cycle, the low boiling working fluid circuit cogeneration circulation basic procedure of working medium.The fuel gas generation circulation comprises that gas compressor 1, firing chamber 2, gas turbine 3, combustion gas circulating generator 4, Rankine cycle comprise steam boiler 5, steam turbine 6, Rankine cycle generator 7, Rankine cycle vapour condenser 8, Rankine cycle water pump 9, low boiling working fluid circulating and evaporating unit 10, low boiling working fluid circulation expansion cell 11, low boiling working fluid generator unit 12, low boiling working fluid circulating condensing unit 13, low boiling working fluid circulation compression pump unit 14.Wherein the logical atmosphere of compressor inlet exports and connects the firing chamber, and fuel advances the firing chamber fuel inlet, and combustor exit connects gas turbine inlet, and the gas turbine outlet connects Rankine cycle steam boiler shell side, gas turbine output shaft sending and receiving motor input shaft.The import of Rankine cycle steam boiler shell side connects the combustion turbine exhaustion mouth, shell side connects atmosphere, the tube side import connects the import of Rankine cycle water pump, the tube side outlet connects the steam turbine import, the steam turbine outlet connects the hot fluid side-entrance of agreeing the circulation vapour condenser, the hot fluid side outlet of vapour condenser connects the import of Rankine cycle water pump, and exit of pump connects steam boiler.The Rankine cycle vapour condenser is low boiling working fluid circulating and evaporating unit simultaneously.The cold fluid side outlet of Rankine cycle vapour condenser connects the import of low boiling working fluid circulation expansion cell, the expansion cell outlet connects the hot side-entrance of low boiling working fluid cycle condenser, the hot side outlet of condenser connects low boiling working fluid circulation compression pump unit inlet, and the compression pump outlet connects the cold fluid side-entrance of low boiling working fluid evaporation unit.Gas turbine is exported the combustion gas circulating generator input shaft that is coupling, and steam turbine is exported the Rankine cycle generator input shaft that is coupling, and low boiling working fluid circulation decompressor is exported the low boiling working fluid circulating generation unit input shaft that is coupling.Cyclic process is: gas compressor 1 sucks air and is pressurized to design pressure from atmosphere and enters firing chamber 2, fuel also enters the firing chamber and air burning heat release generation high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas enters gas turbine, can convert pressure the rotation of to kinetic energy propelling gas turbine engine rotor and drive 4 generatings of combustion gas circulating generator.The combustion gas of finishing merit still has very high-temperature, enters the Rankine cycle steam boiler and makes the heating of Rankine cycle working-medium water it be vaporizated into high-pressure water vapor as thermal source, enters steam turbine 6 and promotes 7 generatings of rotor rotation drive Rankine cycle generator.The water vapor exhaust steam of finishing merit enters Rankine cycle vapour condenser 8, latent heat and part sensible heat is passed to low boiling working fluid condense into water, is extracted and is pressurized to out design pressure by the Rankine cycle water pump and enter steam boiler 5 secondary cycle; Low boiling working fluid absorbs Rankine cycle in Rankine cycle vapour condenser 8 is low boiling working fluid circulating and evaporating unit 10 finishes the water vapor exhaust steam latent heat and the part sensible heat of merit and makes its condensation, self gasification intensification volumetric expansion or stop long-pending the expansion by low temperature to high temperature and enter expansion cell 11 and can become pressure kinetic energy to promote that expansion machine rotor rotates and then drive generator unit 12 generates electricity with thermal power transfer.Low boiling working fluid acting back pressure and temp reduces, entering condensation unit 13 is cooled off by refrigerant, when adopting the subcritical liquid that is condensed into when striding critical cycle, when adopting the cooling that is cooled of overcritical circulation time gas, design pressure is brought up in pressurized unit 14 pressurizations of liquid state or gaseous working medium, and to enter evaporation unit 10 be that Rankine cycle vapour condenser 8 begins secondary cycle.

Figure 9 shows that fuel gas generation circulation, the two circulation basic procedures of low boiling working fluid circuit cogeneration.The fuel gas generation circulation comprises gas compressor 1, firing chamber 2, gas turbine 3, combustion gas circulating generator 4, low boiling working fluid circulating and evaporating unit 5, low boiling working fluid circulation expansion cell 6, low boiling working fluid generator unit 7, low boiling working fluid circulating condensing unit 8, low boiling working fluid circulation compression pump unit 9.Wherein atmosphere is led in the import of gas compressor atmosphere, outlet connects the firing chamber, fuel advances the firing chamber fuel inlet, combustor exit connects the gas turbine inlet air mouth, the combustion turbine exhaustion mouth connects the hot side-entrance of low boiling working fluid circulating and evaporating unit, the hot side outlet row of evaporation unit atmosphere, the import of evaporation unit cold side connects the outlet of compression pump unit, the cold side outlet connects the outlet of expansion cell import expansion cell and connects the hot side-entrance of low boiling working fluid cycle condenser, the hot side outlet of condenser connects low boiling working fluid circulation compression pump unit inlet, and the compression pump outlet connects the import of low boiling working fluid evaporation unit cold side.Gas turbine is exported the combustion gas circulating generator input shaft that is coupling, and low boiling working fluid circulation decompressor is exported the low boiling working fluid circulating generation unit input shaft that is coupling.Cyclic process is: gas compressor 1 sucks air and is pressurized to design pressure from atmosphere and enters firing chamber 2, fuel also enters the firing chamber and air burning heat release generation high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas enters gas turbine 3, can convert pressure the rotation of to kinetic energy propelling gas turbine engine rotor and drive 4 generatings of combustion gas circulating generator.The combustion gas of finishing merit still has very high-temperature, enter and emit heat in the low boiling working fluid circulating and evaporating unit 5 to low boiling working fluid, low boiling working fluid absorbs waste heat gas gasification intensification volumetric expansion or enters expansion cell 6 by low temperature to the high volume expansion can become pressure kinetic energy promotion expansion machine rotor rotation with thermal power transfer and then drive generator unit 7 to generate electricity.Low boiling working fluid acting back pressure and temp reduces, entering condensation unit 8 is cooled off by refrigerant, when adopting the subcritical liquid that is condensed into when striding critical cycle, when adopting the cooling that is cooled of overcritical circulation time gas, pressurized unit 9 pressurizations of liquid state or gaseous working medium are brought up to design pressure and are entered evaporation unit 5 and begin secondary cycle.

When second circulation also has available heat energy, can adopt the 3rd circulation to continue acting, to obtain more convertible energy.The 3rd circulation is formed basic with second circulation, but the boiling point of used working medium is lower than the second circulatory mediator boiling point.Because the second circular work amount is big, the high-power turbo-expander that is more suitable for must solve the anti-drop of several grade blades in back and wash away when adopting subcritical and striding critical cycle.If adopting overcritical circulation then can avoid drop washes away.For the latent heat of the first circulating water steam is changed into electric energy as much as possible, adopting the 3rd circulation to continue Conversion of energy is one of way.

Figure 16～Figure 20 is representational five three circulating generation flow processs.Second circulation and the 3rd of Figure 16 circulate all be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical cycle; Second circulation of Figure 17 be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical cycle, the 3rd circulation be the 2nd kind subcritical, stride critical cycle; Figure 18 be have again heat subcritical, stride critical cycle; Figure 19 second circulation be the 2nd kind subcritical, stride critical cycle, the 3rd circulation is the 1st kind of overcritical circulation; Figure 20 second circulation is the 1st kind of overcritical circulation, and the 3rd circulation is the 2nd kind of overcritical circulation.Also have other compound modes not enumerate one by one at this.

First circulation of three circuit is identical with bicirculating first circulation.Second circulation is that its condensation unit subcritical, that stride critical cycle promptly is the 3rd circuit evaporation unit, as Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19 and Figure 20.Second the circulation be overcritical circuit, the cooling unit that cooling unit is arranged is exactly the evaporation unit of the 3rd circuit, no cooling unit to increase cooling unit and as the 3rd circuit evaporation unit.

With Figure 16 is example, is described as follows: this three circulation process first circulation is improved Rankine cycle, second circulation be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical generating flow process, the 3rd circulation also be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical generating flow process.Promptly the second circuit evaporation unit 9, second expansion cell 10, second generator unit 11, second condensation unit 12 (also being the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit 17), the second compression pump unit 13, the second liquid medium supplementary units 14, the second gaseous medium supplementary units 15, the second leaking medium collector unit 16 and match equipment, control gear are formed by the first circuit vapour condenser 4 in second circulation.Wherein the hot side-entrance of vapour condenser 4 connects turbine discharge, and hot side outlet connects condensate pump 5 imports; The cold side import connects 13 outlets of second compression pump, and the cold side outlet connects expansion cell 10 imports; Expansion cell 10 outlets connect the hot side-entrance of second condensation unit 12, the hot side outlet of second condensation unit 12 connects the second circulation compression pump unit, 13 inlets, and 13 outlets of the second compression pump unit connect the first i.e. cold side import of the second circulating and evaporating unit 9 of circulation vapour condenser 4.The output shaft sending and receiving electric unit input shaft of expansion cell.Second cyclic process is: at the first circuit vapour condenser 4 is in the second circuit evaporation unit 9, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in liquid state second working medium absorption Rankine cycle of high pressure low temperature gasifies water recovery Cheng Shuihou self, enter second expansion cell 10, volumetric expansion can become kinetic energy to pressure, make the motion of expansion cell output shaft, drive generator unit 11 generatings, the second working medium temperature of finishing merit is reduced near condensing temperature or near two-phase point temperature temperature and enters second condensation unit 12, in condensation unit, heat is passed to the lower low boiling working fluid of the 3rd circulation boiling point, all be liquefied as liquid, be pressurized to subcritical or critical through one-level compression pump unit 13 or supercritical pressure is sent into second evaporator unit 9 and carried out second time circulation, absorb Rankine cycle and finish the latent heat of the water vapor of merit and gasify once more and do work.

For replenishing loss, can before the second compression pump unit 13, establish the second low boiling liquid refrigerant supplementary units 14, behind second evaporation unit, establish 15 pairs of leakage loss working medium of the second low boiling gaseous working medium supplementary units and replenish or only establish 13 or 15.Pressure, the states of matter of taking all factors into consideration additional working medium reach factors such as obtaining benefit as far as possible and choose auxiliary point, only establish additional interface or do not consider supplementary device when being designed to movable type.For saving the working medium consumption, establish second and leak working medium gathering-device 16, utilize again after the collection, can not establish yet.

The 3rd circulation is the 3rd evaporation unit 17, the 3rd expansion cell 18 by second condensation unit 12, the 3rd generator unit 19, the 3rd circulating condensing unit 20, the 3rd compression pump unit 21, the 3rd liquid working substance supplementary units 22, the 3rd gas working medium supplementary units 23, the three is leaked working medium collector unit 24 grades and all match equipment, facility, parts, element and instrument and control system composition.Cyclic process is: more lower boiling high pressure low temperature the 3rd working medium is that the heat that absorbs second working medium in the 3rd evaporation unit 17 is liquefied as liquid to second working medium and the volume increase of self gasifying in the second condensing unit 12, enter the 3rd expansion cell 18, promote the motion of expansion cell output shaft, drive 19 generatings of the 3rd generator unit, the heat energy of second cycle fluid is converted into mechanical energy and then changes into electric energy.The 3rd cycle fluid that comes out from expansion cell enters the 3rd circulating condensing unit 20 and is become liquid by the refrigerant cooling condensation, be pressurized to subcritical or critical or supercritical pressure through the 3rd circulation compression pump unit 22, enter the i.e. second circulating condensing unit, the 12 beginnings circulation for the second time in the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit 17.Working medium supplementary units 22 and 23 one of can only be established or do not established.

The present invention is mainly used in the increase generated energy, but also can provide cold simultaneously, i.e. generating-refrigeration combined cycle.Way is a cold rank as required, increases one or more heat exchanger in second circulation, the suitable link of the 3rd circuit, promptly provides cold to the medium cooling that extracts cold.This moment, circulation became generating-refrigeration combined cycle.

Five kinds of basic procedures of the two circulating generations of Figure 10～Figure 15 shows that-refrigeration combined cycle, Figure 109 be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, Figure 11 be the 2nd kind subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, Figure 12 be have again heat subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, Figure 132 is the 1st kind of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, Figure 14 is the 2nd kind of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, and Figure 15 is combustion gas, water vapor, low boiling working fluid multicycle power generation-refrigeration basic procedure.

With Figure 10 is example, be described as follows: this pair circulating generation-refrigeration combined cycle flow process first circulation is improved Rankine cycle, second circulation be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration cycle, promptly the second circuit evaporation unit 9, second expansion cell 10, second generator unit 11, second condensation unit 12, the second compression pump unit 13, the second cooling unit 14, the second liquid refrigerant supplementary units 15, second are leaked working medium collector unit 16 and match equipment, control gear is formed by the first circuit vapour condenser 4 in second circulation.Wherein the hot side-entrance of vapour condenser 4 connects turbine discharge, hot side outlet connects condensate pump 5 imports, the cold side import connects 14 outlets of cooling unit, the cold side outlet connects expansion cell 10 imports, expansion cell 10 outlets connect the hot side-entrance of second condensation unit 12, the hot side outlet of second condensation unit 12 connects the second compression pump unit, 13 inlets, and 13 outlets of the second compression pump unit connect 14 imports of the second cooling unit, and 14 outlets of cooling unit connect the first i.e. cold side import of the second circulating and evaporating unit 9 of circulation vapour condenser 4.The output shaft sending and receiving electric unit input shaft of expansion cell.Second cyclic process is: at the first circulation vapour condenser 4 is in the second circulating and evaporating unit 9, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in liquid state second working medium absorption Rankine cycle of high pressure low temperature gasifies water recovery Cheng Shuihou self, enter second expansion cell 10, volumetric expansion can become kinetic energy to pressure, make the motion of expansion cell output shaft, drive generator unit 11 generatings, the second working medium temperature of finishing merit is reduced to saturation temperature or enters second condensation unit 12 near two-phase point temperature, in condensation unit, heat is passed to refrigerant, all be liquefied as liquid, be pressurized to subcritical or critical through the second compression pump unit 13 or supercritical pressure is sent into cooling unit 14, the external output cold in cooling unit enters second evaporator unit 9 and carries out second time circulation, absorbs Rankine cycle and finishes the latent heat of the water vapor of merit and gasify once more and do work.

For replenishing loss, can before the second compression pump unit 13, establish the second low boiling liquid refrigerant supplementary units 15, leakage loss working medium is replenished.Take all factors into consideration pressure, the states of matter of replenishing working medium and obtain factor such as benefit as far as possible and choose auxiliary point or do not establish, only establish and replenish interface or do not consider supplementary device when being designed to movable type.For saving the working medium consumption, establish second and leak working medium gathering-device 16, utilize again after the collection, can not establish yet.

Figure 21～Figure 25 is representational three circulating generations-refrigeration combined cycle.Second circulation of Figure 21 be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle, the 3rd circulation be the 2nd kind subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, second circulation of Figure 22 be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle, the 3rd circulation is the 2nd kind of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle.Second circulation of Figure 23 be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle, the 3rd circulation is that the 1st kind of subcritical critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle of striding of heat again arranged.Second circulation of Figure 24 is the 1st kind of subcritical critical generating-refrigeration associating combined cycle of striding, and the 3rd circulation is the 1st kind of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle.Figure 25 second circulation be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, the 3rd to circulate be the 2nd kind of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle.

With Figure 24 is example: second circulation be the 1st kind subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle, comprise that the i.e. first circulation vapour condenser 4, second expansion cell 10, second generator unit 11, the second circulating condensing unit 12, the second circulation compression pump unit 13, the second circulation liquid refrigerant supplementary units 14, the second circulation gaseous working medium supplementary units 15, second circulation in the second circulating evaporator unit 9 leak working medium collector unit 16 and form.Wherein the outlet of the cold side of evaporator unit 9 connects expansion cell 10 imports, expansion cell 10 output shaft sending and receiving electric units 11 input shafts, sender property outlet connects condensation unit 12 inlets, condensation unit 12 outlets connect second circulation compression pump unit 13 imports, and the outlet of compression pump unit connects the second i.e. cold side import of the first circulation vapour condenser 4 in circulating and evaporating unit 9.Second cyclic process is: at the first circulation vapour condenser 4 is in the second circulating and evaporating unit 9, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in second working medium absorption Rankine cycle of high pressure low temperature gasifies water recovery Cheng Shuihou self, enter second expansion cell 10, volumetric expansion can become kinetic energy to pressure, make the motion of expansion cell output shaft, drive generator unit 11 generatings, the second working medium temperature of finishing merit is reduced to saturation temperature or enters second condensation unit 12 near two-phase point temperature temperature, in condensation unit, heat is passed to the lower cycle fluid of the 3rd circulating temperature, all be liquefied as liquid, be pressurized to subcritical or critical through the second circulation compression pump unit 13 or supercritical pressure is sent into the second circulating evaporator unit 9 and carried out second time circulation, absorb Rankine cycle and finish the latent heat of the water vapor of merit and gasify once more and do work.

The 3rd circulation is the 1st kind of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, comprises the second circulating condensing unit 12 i.e. the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit 17, the 3rd circulation expansion cell 18, the 3rd circulating generation unit 19, the 3rd circulating condensing unit 20, the 3rd circulation compression pump unit 21, the 3rd circulation cooling unit 22, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units 23, the 3rd circulation leakage working medium collector unit 24.Workflow is: high pressure more the 3rd cycle fluid of low temperature is that the latent heat of condensation that absorbs second cycle fluid in the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit 17 becomes liquid to the second cycle fluid total condensation in the second circulating condensing unit 12, the volume that self gasifies increases temperature and raises, enter the 3rd circulation expansion cell 18, can be transformed into kinetic energy to pressure and promote the motion of the 3rd circulation expansion cell movement parts, drive 19 generatings of the 3rd circulating generation unit, acting back working medium temperature is reduced to saturation temperature, enter the 3rd circulating condensing unit 20 by the refrigerant condensation, it is pressurized to enter the 3rd circulation compression pump unit 21 again, enters behind the rising pressure to enter the i.e. second circulating condensing unit, the 12 beginning secondary cycle in the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit 17 after cooling unit 22 emits the part cold.Working medium supplementary units 23 can be designed to fixed or portable two kinds, only does interface when being designed to movable type in the system, also shouldn't the working medium supplementary units according to flow scheme design.Leak working medium collector unit 24 collection leakage working medium and utilize again, also shouldn't according to flow scheme design.

Second power generation cycle shown in Figure 26 is that the working medium back of expanding directly is compressed into the power generation cycle of liquid, by the first circuit vapour condenser 4 promptly the second circuit evaporator unit also be that the second circuit boiler unit 9, second expansion cell 10, second generator unit 11, second compression unit 12, compressor drag unit 13, compression pump unit 14, the second liquid refrigerant supplementary units 15, leak that second working medium is collected and re-use device unit 16 and match equipment, control gear are formed.

Wherein the hot fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4 connects the steam discharge of steam turbine 2, the hot fluid side outlet connects condensate system, the cold fluid side-entrance connects the outlet of second compression pump 14, the cold fluid side outlet connects the import of expansion cell 10, the outlet of expansion cell connects the import of compression unit 12, the outlet of compression unit connects the import of the second compression pump unit 14, and the outlet of the second compression pump unit connects the cold fluid side-entrance of vapour condenser 4.The output shaft sending and receiving electric unit input shaft of expansion cell, the compression unit input is coupling and drags the unit output shaft.

Cyclic process is: at the first circuit vapour condenser 4 is in the second circuit evaporation unit 9, the latent heat of condensation that the water vapor of merit is finished in liquid state second working medium absorption Rankine cycle of high pressure low temperature gasifies water recovery Cheng Shuihou self, enter second expansion cell 10, pressure reduces volumetric expansion, pressure energy and heat energy are become kinetic energy, promote rotation of expansion cell rotor or piston motion acting, drive generator unit 11 generatings, the second working medium temperature of finishing merit is reduced to setting temperature such as condensing temperature or two-phase point temperature or triple point temperature and enters compression unit 12, be compressed and be liquefied as liquid, through compression pump unit 13 secondary boosters to high pressure, subcritical or critical or supercritical pressure enters the i.e. first circulation vapour condenser, the 4 beginnings circulation for the second time of evaporation unit 9.

For replenishing relative permitivity, between compression unit 13 and second compression pump 14, establish liquid medium supplementary units 15, to the additional working medium of system, also can only establish interface or do not establish when being used for that the working medium reserves descend in system according to situation; Leakage working medium collector unit 16 is used for collecting leakage working medium, mainly is expansion cell shaft-packing leakage, also can not establish if be designed to not have the leakage type or leak reasons such as working medium value is very low.

No matter be more than two circulations or three circulations or three circulate, no matter to be power generation cycle or generating-refrigeration combined cycle, all can be according to needs by basic circulation and remodeling combination in any thereof.Last circulating condensing unit or the promptly back circuit evaporation unit of cooling unit are established in two circulation convergence parts.

In the circulation, the working medium states of matter changes as follows:

Working medium whole process circulates at gaseous state, states of matter does not take place change.Promptly all the time in superheat state.But for reducing compression power consumption, temperature is as far as possible near the saturation temperature or the temperature that reaches capacity when going out expansion cell.

Gaseous state had hot, was promptly crossing hot circulation all the time.

Had hot and saturation state to transform, as to go out expansion cell be saturation state, the entrance pressure unit that contracts was compressed into hot.

The working medium states of matter has the conversion of gaseous state, liquid state even gaseous state, liquid state and solid-state conversion is arranged in the circulation.Subcritical, to stride critical cycle be circulation in gaseous state, the liquid conversion; When adopting carbon dioxide to do working medium, during the liquid carbon dioxide gasification if outside energy is under-supply or untimely, then can generating portion dry ice, gaseous state, liquid state and solid-state conversion promptly appear.

Pressure after the pressurization is high more, and the acting ability is big more, is pressurized to elevated pressures, high pressure, subcritical pressure boiler, critical pressure, supercritical pressure, the acting ability strengthens successively, acting back temperature can be even lower successively, is easier to liquefaction or compression, and promptly the refrigerant of Xiao Haoing is few or compression work is more little.But for gaseous working medium, the temperature rise after the compression is also high more.When surpassing a certain numerical value,, add the cooling cooling unit in the compression process and the cooling of the working medium after the compression perhaps for realizing that circulation process needs as the first circulation vapour condenser temperature.

Second circulation and the 3rd circulation and the above many circulations of three circulations, its working medium inflation process has following mode: 1. once expand; 2. secondary and repeatedly expansion; 3. each expansion can be an one-level; 4. each expansion can be multistage; Can be hot again after 5 expansions.

The nucleus equipment of working medium circular work is the decompressor of expansion cell, and its kind has:

1. turbo-expander comprises axial flow, the centrifugal and built-up shaft heart mixed-flow of wandering about as a refugee.A kind of expansion overall process all is a gaseous state, and blade only bears the promotion of gas.Second kind of expansion is that last number grade blade can bear partial liquefaction and all liquefaction even impacts that solid particle medium is arranged to saturation temperature or two-phase point, triple point temperature.Turbine can be made impulsion (impact) formula, also can make reaction (counterattack) formula.The turbo wheel material can be alloyed steel and aluminum alloy or titanium alloy.Also can before several grades be alloyed steel, medium is used aluminum alloy or titanium alloy instead after dropping to a certain temperature, or the combination of alloyed steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy; Can spraying outside base material, brushing or sintered wear-resistant decrease or wear-resistant and anti-washing away or wear-resistant and anti-washing away and corrosion resistant substance.

2. positive-displacement expansion engine.Comprise piston-cylinder, rolling-piston-type, swing-rotor type, eddy type, screw type.Positive-displacement expansion engine is lower than turbine engine to the susceptibility of drop.

3. nozzle.

4. adopt turbo-expander, positive-displacement expansion engine and nozzle two or three combination.

Reduce temperature and the desirable following flow process of compression:

1. second circulation, the 3rd circulation and the above circulation gaseous working medium of the 3rd circulation expand into saturated gaseous state or saturated and partial liquefaction.Liquid medium pumps up, and enters last circulation vapour condenser or condensation unit again; The also available compression unit of gaseous working medium compresses the condensation that is cooled of laggard condenser, and entering evaporation unit through the pump pressurization again is last circulation vapour condenser or condensation unit.

2. second circulation the 3rd circulation gaseous working medium expand into saturation state, promptly there is liquid that gas is arranged again even solid is arranged, be two-phase flow or three-phase stream, through gas-liquid separation, isolated liquid is with the pressurization of compression pump unit, and isolated gas adds with compression unit to be compressed into condensation unit and be cooled and be condensed into liquid, and the two pressurizes with secondary compression pump unit and enters last circulation vapour condenser, to solid, can provide cold promptly to absorb heat to the external world by the cooling unit and make its liquefaction or gasification.

But said process also first step compression makes working medium liquefaction, enters last circulation vapour condenser with the pressurization of pump secondary again.

3. second circulation, the 3rd circulation gaseous working medium are still gas after expanding, but are saturation temperature, and purpose is to reduce compression work to greatest extent, is compressed by compressor at an easy rate, enters last circulation sub-cooling unit after boosting.

4. second circulation, the 3rd circulation gaseous working medium are still gas after expanding and doing work, and the degree of superheat is higher, but design the temperature eventually that expands according to requirements of process, reduce compression work as far as possible.With cooling to design load with air or recirculated cooling water or another refrigerant as required after the compressor pressurizes, enter last working medium condensing unit or sub-cooling unit.

The sum of series number of times of compression and cooling, no matter be subcritical, stride critically or overcritical, all can be designed to one or more levels compression, the one or many compression according to dielectric property, nothing cooling or one-level (inferior) cooling or multistage (inferior) cooling comprise the middle cooling in the compression unit.

The compressor kind of compression unit can be turbine-type and positive displacement, and turbine-type can be axial flow, centrifugal and axial flow, centrifugal mixed-flow, promptly before several grades be axial flow, back one-level or several grades are made centrifugal.Can reciprocating type (comprising piston type, inclined disc type), eddy type, sliding vane, rolling-piston-type, screw type in the positive displacement.Turbocompressor impeller or blade surface can spray, brushing or other materials of sintering.

Decompressor removes drawing generator, also can drag compressor simultaneously, and is similar to gas turbine group.Be decompressor one end connection generator, the other end connection compressor.

The expansion compressor capable kind is made in decompressor and compressor in the housing.Kind has: axial flow, centrifugal, the centrifugal mixed-flow of axial flow, reciprocating piston type, rolling-piston-type, swing-rotor type, sliding vane, screw type, hinged vane type etc.

The bearing of the decompressor of expansion cell and the compressor of compression unit, available have an oil lubrication, and also available oil-free lubrication is as magnetic suspension bearing and gas bearing.

For replenishing leakage loss, establish second circulation and the 3rd cycle fluid and replenish interface and supplementary device.The position that replenishes mouthful, when adopting liquid refrigerant to replenish, be located at secondary compression pump unit before or before the evaporation unit.Basis is replenished the pressure of working medium when the employing gaseous working medium is additional, the pressure before the decompressor air inlet is located at the suitable energy of locating, do not waste additional working medium and obtains the maximum generation ability again or the place of exerting oneself.Supplementary device can be designed to fixed and portable two kinds, when taking portable supplementary device, only establishes interface in system.And then if do not need to be designed to replenish working medium and to make superior or other reasons also can be cancelled the working medium supplementary device; Consider according to factors such as flow scheme design and cost performances comprehensively, can not establish and leak the working medium gathering-device.

Since second especially the 3rd working medium circulation be to move at low temperatures, need the insulation cold insulation, make circulation near adiabatic circulation or be exactly adiabatic the circulation.

Claims

1. a multicycle power generation thermodynamic system comprises first circulation that contains vapour condenser, and this first circulation is the improved Rankine cycle that uses water as working medium, it is characterized in that:

This system also comprises second circulation, this second circulation is to use low boiling point working medium to do the secondary electricity generation circulation that working medium converts the water vapor exhaust steam latent heat of condensation to electric energy, vapour condenser in described first circulation is a pressurized container, make water recovery in the described vapour condenser with low boiling working fluid, described vapour condenser is as the second circuit evaporation unit, the hot fluid side-entrance of this vapour condenser connects turbine discharge, and outlet connects condensate system, and the cold flow side of this vapour condenser is serially connected with in second circulation;

Described second circulation also comprises expansion cell, generator unit and presser unit, described low boiling working fluid is vaporized after absorbing water recovery latent heat during through the first circulation vapour condenser, heat energy and pressure can be become kinetic energy, promote the output shaft motion of described expansion cell, drive described generator unit generating or generating and refrigeration, the media expansion cooling begins circulation for the second time after the first circulation vapour condenser is sent in the presser unit pressurization;

Described second circulation for subcritical, also comprise condensation unit or condensation unit and hot cell again when striding critical cycle, promptly second circulation also is Rankine cycle, forms two Rankine cycles.

2. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

As preposition circulation, the combustion turbine exhaustion pipe is serially connected with the first circuit boiler shell side import, does the first circuit thermal source with combustion turbine exhaustion with gas turbine power generation, constitutes fuel gas-steam-low boiling working fluid multicycle power generation thermodynamic system;

The preposition circulation of described gas turbine power generation comprises elementary cells such as gas compressor, firing chamber, gas turbine and generator.

3. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described low boiling working fluid is to absorb natural refrigerant or artificial synthesis working medium water recovery latent heat and be gas under normal temperature and pressure in the first circulation vapour condenser under the first circulation vapour condenser proper functioning operating mode, comprise: hydrocarbon, alkanes, alkene class, alkynes class, arene, the oxygenatedchemicals that comprises ether, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketone, ester class, the anaerobic halide-containing, the aerobic halide-containing, sulfur-containing compound, nitrogen-containing compound; Both can be single working medium, it also can be mixture, as the mixture of ethane, butane, normal butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane, ethene, propylene, butylene, maleic, isobutylene, butadiene, dimethylbenzene, chloroethanes, chlorobutane, vinyl chloride, R134a series, R410A series, HFC synthetic series, dimethyl ether, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), carbon dioxide gas, carbon dioxide and absorbing agent thereof, and the various suitable working medium such as the aqueous solution of nitrogen, air, helium, argon gas, hydrogen, ammonia, ammonia;

4. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described low boiling working fluid, the boiling point under the first circulation vapour condenser setting pressure is less than 100 ℃.

5. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

The condensing temperature of described low boiling working fluid under the second cycle condenser setting pressure is higher than normal temperature or near normal temperature or be lower than a certain setting temperature of normal temperature, available normal temperature cooling water, air or be lower than working medium at the refrigerant of setting the condensing temperature under the operating mode, working medium cooling and realization condensation liquefaction, perhaps compress and cool off and realize liquefaction, perhaps compress and liquefy.

6. as the described multicycle power generation thermodynamic system of one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that:

Described second circulation is a power generation cycle, can be subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle and one of basic circulation of thermal cycle and supercritical generating circulation again thereof, and second evaporation unit of mentioning below is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, wherein:

When second circulation be expand to end for full gaseous state subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, this second circulation comprises second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second condensation unit, the second compression pump unit, also can establish the second working medium supplementary units, second and leak the working medium collector unit; The high pressure low temperature liquid refrigerant absorbs the first circulating water vapor condenses latent heat in vapour condenser makes water recovery Cheng Shui, working medium gasification enter expansion cell decompression volumetric expansion pressure can and heat energy change into kinetic energy and promote the motion of expansion cell movement parts and drive generator unit and generate electricity, the temperature, pressure reduction of working medium acting back enters condensation unit liquefaction, and pressurization enters the vapour condenser repetitive cycling through the compression pump unit again;

Also can establish compression unit behind second expansion cell, working medium is compressed to the laggard condensation unit cooling condensation of a certain pressure, pressurization enters the vapour condenser repetitive cycling through the compression pump unit again;

When second circulation have for expand ending that partially liq generates subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, this second circulation comprises second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second gas-liquid separation unit, second compression unit, second condensation unit, the isolated liquid one-level of second gas-liquid separation unit compression pump unit, secondary compression pump unit, also can establish the second working medium supplementary units, second and leak the working medium collector unit; Wherein second gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances the second condensation unit cooling liquid; Second compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second condensation unit cooling liquid of expanding;

When second circulation during for thermal cycle again, this second circulates on aforementioned two kinds of subcritical, bases of striding critical power generation cycle, behind expansion cell, increase again hot cell, reexpansion unit and reexpansion generator unit, from the first circulation vapour condenser shunt a part of water vapor exhaust steam or with other thermals source to working medium double heating after once expanding and reexpansion acting, but the also heating for multiple times acting of repeatedly expanding;

When second circulation is the supercritical generating circulation time of nothing from heat exchange, this second circulation comprises second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, also can establish the second working medium supplementary units, second and leak the working medium collector unit, also can establish second heat exchange unit;

When second circulation is the overcritical circulation time that has from heat exchange, second circulation comprise second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, second from heat exchange unit or second from heat exchange unit and heat exchange unit, also can establish the second working medium supplementary units, second and leak the working medium collector unit;

Described generator unit can be other working machines such as blower fan, compressor, water pump;

7. as the described multicycle power generation thermodynamic system of one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that:

Described second circulation is a generating-refrigeration combined cycle, can be two kinds subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, have again heat subcritical, stride critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, two kinds of supercritical generating-refrigeration combined cycle are one of totally five kinds of basic generating-refrigeration combined cycle, and second evaporation unit of mentioning below is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser;

When second circulation be expand to end for full gaseous state subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, this second circulation comprises second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, the second cooling unit, second condenser unit, the second compression pump unit, also can establish the second gaseous working medium supplementary units, the second liquid refrigerant supplementary units, the second leakage working medium collector unit; The high pressure low temperature liquid refrigerant absorbs the first circulating water vapor condenses latent heat in condensing makes water recovery Cheng Shui, the working medium gasification enters expansion cell decompression volumetric expansion can change into the generating of kinetic energy promotion expansion cell movement parts motion drive generator unit to pressure, working medium acting back temperature reduces, enter the condenser liquefaction that is cooled, pressurization enters Lang Ken circulation vapour condenser repetitive cycling through the compression pump unit again, and the cooling unit provides a part of cold to the external world; Advance condenser again after the also available compression unit compression after the expansion;

When second circulation have for expand ending that partially liq generates subcritical, when striding critical generating and cooling combined cycle, this second circulation comprises second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second gas-liquid separation unit, second compression unit, second condensation unit, the second condensate extractionpump unit, the isolated liquid compression pump of second gas-liquid separation unit unit, the second cooling unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit; Wherein second gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second condensation unit; Second compression unit can not established yet, working medium laggard second condensation unit that expands;

When this second circulation for have again heat subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, the second circulation primary expansion cell after, add again hot first, heat pump unit and reexpansion unit, secondary electricity generation unit again, other heat source unit also can be arranged;

When second circulation is not have when the supercritical generating of heat exchange freezes combined cycle, this second circulation comprises second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, the second cooling unit, also can establish the second working medium supplementary units, second and leak the working medium collector unit, also can establish second heat exchange unit;

When second circulation when supercritical generating from heat exchange-refrigeration combined cycle is arranged, this second circulation comprises second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, second from heat exchange unit, the second cooling unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit;

When taking combustion gas, water vapour, low boiling working fluid cogeneration-many circulation times that freeze, this second circulation also comprises the second cooling unit.

8. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Also can increase more circulation after second circulation, circuit quantity is more than or equal to three, wherein: first circulation is improved Rankine cycle, and second circulation and follow-up circulation are basic power generation cycle and remodeling and one of basic generating and cooling combined cycle and remodeling; The condensation latent heat of the used working medium of back one circulation is less than the condensation latent heat of last cycle fluid; The working medium boiling point that the boiling point of back one cycle fluid adopts than last circulation is low; Since the 3rd circulation, to establish condensing unit or cooling unit behind the last circuit expansion cell; This condensing unit or cooling unit are back one circuit evaporation unit; Unit in described each circulation refers to comprise that body equipment and accessory, parts, element, connection and instrument and control are all; But described various basic circulation and remodeling combination in any.

9. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that:

When described second the circulation be first kind subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, this second circulation comprises: second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second condensation unit, the second compression pump unit, also can establish the second working medium supplementary units, second and leak the working medium collector unit, described condensation unit is the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit; Also can behind expansion cell, establish second compression and drag the unit;

When described second the circulation be second kind subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, this second circulation comprises: second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second gas-liquid separation unit, second compression unit, second condensation unit, the isolated liquid one-level of second gas-liquid separation unit compression pump unit, secondary compression pump unit, also can establish the second working medium supplementary units, second and leak the working medium collector unit, described second condensation unit is the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit; Wherein second gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second condensation unit; Second compression unit can not established yet, working medium laggard second condensation unit that expands;

When described second circulation is that the circulation time of heat is again arranged, after planting circuit expansion cell, the first two increases again hot cell, reexpansion and reexpansion generator unit, also can increase by second heat source unit;

When described second circulation is first kind of supercritical generating circulation time, this second circulation comprises: second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, second cooling unit also can be established the second working medium supplementary units, second and leak the working medium collector unit;

When described second circulation is second kind of supercritical generating circulation time, this second circulation comprises: second evaporation unit, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, second also can be established the second working medium supplementary units, second and leak the working medium collector unit from heat exchange unit;

Above-mentioned five kinds of circulations are basic circulations, and supplementary equipment beyond the increase and decrease elementary cell or change position then constitute basic circuit remodeling;

When described the 3rd circulation is power generation cycle, the 3rd circulation be subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle, have again heat subcritical, stride critical power generation cycle or one of supercritical generating circulation and basic circulation remodeling, and the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit of below mentioning is second circuit, second condenser unit or second cooling unit, wherein:

When described the 3rd the circulation be second kind subcritical, when striding critical power generation cycle, the 3rd circulation comprises the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd cycle condenser unit, the isolated liquid one-level of the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation unit compression pump unit, liquid secondary compression pump unit, also can establish the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units, the 3rd circulation leakage working medium collection and second use unit; Wherein second gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second condensation unit; Second compression unit can not established yet, working medium laggard second condensation unit that expands;

When described the 3rd circulation is that the circulation time of heat is again arranged, after planting circuit expansion cell, the first two increases again hot cell, reexpansion unit and reexpansion generator unit, also can establish other heat source units;

When described the 3rd circulation is second kind of supercritical generating circulation time, the 3rd circulation comprises the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd circulation from heat exchange unit, also can establish the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units, the 3rd circulation leakage working medium collector unit;

When described second circulation is the generating and cooling combined cycle, can be two kinds subcritical, stride critical generating and cooling combined cycle, have again heat subcritical, stride critical generating and cooling combined cycle, two kinds of supercritical generatings refrigeration combined cycle are one of totally five kinds of basic generating and cooling combined cycle;

When second circulation have for expand ending that partially liq generates subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, this second circulation comprises that second evaporation unit is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second gas-liquid separation unit, second compression unit, second condenser unit, the second condenser compression pump unit, the isolated liquid compression pump of second gas-liquid separation unit unit, the second cooling unit, the second working medium supplementary units, also can establish second and leak the working medium collector unit; Wherein second gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second condensation unit; Second compression unit can not established yet, working medium laggard second condensation unit that expands;

When this second circulation for have again heat subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, after the second circulation primary expansion cell, add again hot cell and reexpansion unit;

When second circulation when not having supercritical generating from heat exchange-refrigeration combined cycle, this second circulation comprises that second evaporation unit is improved Rankine cycle vapour condenser, second expansion cell, second generator unit, second compression unit, the second cooling unit, the second medium supplementary units, also can establish the second leaking medium collector unit, also can establish second heat exchange unit, the second cooling unit;

When described the 3rd circulation be second kind subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, the 3rd circulation comprises: the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd cycle condenser unit, the isolated liquid medium one-level of the 3rd circulation gas-liquid separation unit compression pump unit, the 3rd circulating liquid medium secondary compression pump unit, the 3rd circulation cooling unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units, and also can establish the 3rd circulation and leak the working medium collector unit; Wherein second gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second condensation unit; Second compression unit can not established yet, working medium laggard second condensation unit that expands;

When described the 3rd circulation for have again hot subcritical, when striding critical generating-refrigeration combined cycle, behind the first two kind circuit expansion cell, increase again hot cell, reexpansion unit and secondary electricity generation unit, also can establish other heat source units;

When described the 3rd circulation when being second kind of supercritical generating-refrigeration cycle, the 3rd circulation comprises: the 3rd circulating and evaporating unit, the 3rd circulation expansion cell, the 3rd circulating generation unit, the 3rd loop compression unit, the 3rd circulation also can be established the 3rd circulation and leak the working medium collector unit from heat exchange unit, the 3rd circulation cooling unit, the 3rd cycle fluid supplementary units; Wherein second gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second condensation unit; Second compression unit can not established yet, working medium laggard second condensation unit that expands;

10. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:

11. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described expansion cell is a kind of or combination of turbo-expander, positive-displacement expansion engine, nozzle; Can one-level expand, but also multistage expansion; Can be a bloating plant, also many bloating plant parallel connections; Can be once to expand, also can be repeatedly to expand, can be hot again between twice expansion; Can be that gas phase or gas-liquid two-phase flow or gas-liquid-solid three-phase expand;

Described positive-displacement expansion engine can use piston-cylinder, rolling-piston-type, swing-rotor type, eddy type, screw type, and described decompressor output shaft has two kinds of way of outputs; A kind of is a sending and receiving motor, and second kind is end connection generator, the other end connection compressor;

12., it is characterized in that as claim 1 or 5 described multicycle power generation thermodynamic systems:

Described presser unit comprises the compression unit that is used for the compressed gaseous medium and is used for the compression pump unit of liquid medium pressurization, the compression unit that is used for gaseous medium can adopt turbine-type or positive displacement single-stage or secondary or multistage compressor, can adopt the compressor more than and; Axial flow and centrifugal two compressors that are divided into, also can make one: preceding what for axial flow, what be centrifugal for back one-level or back, or preceding what use turbine engine, afterwards grade use positive displacement compressor; The compression pump unit adopts single-stage or multistage centrifugal pump or positive displacement pump that medium is pressurized to necessary pressure; Compression unit gas phase compressor or gas-liquid two-phase flow compressor; Can be with condenser unit or cooling unit after the compression, available cycles water cooling, air cooling or the cooling of other media or use cryogenic gas cooling after expanding from last circulation vapour condenser;

Described compression unit can be the motor single driving, and also available decompressor directly drives;

13. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that:

14. multicycle power generation thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

15. a multicycle power generation thermodynamic system, this system is two circulations, it is characterized in that:

As first circulation, second circulation is to use low boiling point working medium to do the secondary electricity generation circulation of working medium with gas turbine power generation;

Combustion turbine exhaustion pipe in first circulation is serially connected with the hot fluid side-entrance of the second circuit vaporizer, does the second circuit high temperature heat source with combustion turbine exhaustion, constitutes combustion gas-two circulations of low boiling working fluid generating;

16. the implementation method of two Rankine cycle power generation thermodynamic systems is characterized in that:

After first Rankine cycle that with water is cycle fluid, being connected in series one is second Rankine cycle of cycle fluid with the low boiling point working medium, promptly adopt two Rankine cycles generatings or drag working machines such as blower fan, water pump, promptly the part of condensation latent heat that the water vapor exhaust steam of merit is finished in first Rankine cycle converts electric energy or acting to;

3) expand into partial liquefaction, enter the gas-liquid separator gas-liquid separation, the compressed machine compression of the gas that gas-liquid separator separates goes out enters the second Rankine cycle condenser after boosting and heating up, become liquid with the refrigerant cooling condensation, the liquid that gas-liquid separator separates goes out is through one-level pump pressurization, and two flow of liquid are converged laggard secondary compression pump secondary and added and compress into the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second condensation unit; Second compression unit can not established yet, working medium laggard second condensation unit that expands;

4) expand into uniform temperature and pressure and carry out heat again, thermal source can be with the first Rankine cycle exhaust steam or other thermals source, heat back reexpansion again, the laggard condenser that expands liquefies, or expand into partial liquefaction air inlet liquid/gas separator, the compressed cell compression of the gas that gas-liquid separator separates goes out enters the second Rankine cycle condenser, become liquid state to pump up again with the refrigerant cooling condensation, the liquid that gas-liquid separator separates goes out is through one-level pump pressurization, and two flow of liquid are converged laggard secondary compression pump secondary and added and compress into the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser; Wherein gas-liquid separation unit can not established, and working medium expands, and the back is compressed advances second cycle condenser; Compression unit can not established yet, the working medium laggard second Rankine cycle condenser that expands;

5) the expansion back directly is compressed into liquid with compressor, enters the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser with the pressurization of pump secondary again;

The gasification temperature of the working medium of second Rankine cycle under a certain setting pressure is lower than 100 ℃, absorbs the latent heat of condensation of the first Rankine cycle working-medium water steam, the latent heat of condensation and transformable sensible heat changed into the heat energy and the pressure energy of the second Rankine cycle working medium;

The second Rankine cycle working medium advance vaporizer promptly the pressure of the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser can below critical pressure, also can be critical pressure according to the working medium characteristic, also can be supercritical pressure;

Also can be the preposition circulation of gas turbine power generation circulation as first Rankine cycle, the waste gas that the gas turbine power generation circulation is discharged is the thermal source of the first Rankine cycle steam boiler, thereby constitutes fuel gas-steam-low boiling working fluid associating multicycle power generation thermodynamic system.

17. the method that adopts in the as claimed in claim 16 pair of Rankine cycle power generation thermodynamic system is characterized in that:

The condensing temperature of the working medium of second Rankine cycle is higher than normal temperature or near normal temperature or be lower than a certain setting temperature of normal temperature, available normal temperature cooling water, air or be lower than the second Rankine cycle working medium at the refrigerant of setting the condensing temperature under the operating mode, this medium cooling and realization condensation liquefaction, perhaps compress and cool off and realize liquefying.

18. the method that adopts in the as claimed in claim 16 pair of Rankine cycle power generation thermodynamic system is characterized in that:

The method that the mixture working medium of second Rankine cycle is taked to change the each component ratio obtains gasification temperature and the condensing temperature that water recovery latent heat is transferred to the second Rankine cycle working medium preferably, and use cheap refrigerant that the second Rankine cycle working medium is liquefied, or with other refrigerant cooling liquids.

19. the method that adopts in the as claimed in claim 16 pair of Rankine cycle power generation thermodynamic system is characterized in that:

Improve the first Rankine cycle vapour condenser temperature, with the expansion acting temperature range, the conversion that helps the latent heat of condensation that enlarge second circulatory mediator, help obtaining and reducing by the second cycle fluid consumption of working medium, and first Rankine cycle is transferred to second cycle fluid because of the acting amount that improves the condensing temperature and reduce, acting in second circulation, for guaranteeing that steam turbine is operated in design conditions, new unit can be designed to high back pressure or draw gas, and existing unit can draw gas before suitable level or remove last one-level or number grade blade.