CN105649694B - Four-stage electric water-cooling heat-and-steam heating system for back pressure cooling of fuel gas steam - Google Patents
Four-stage electric water-cooling heat-and-steam heating system for back pressure cooling of fuel gas steam Download PDFInfo
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- CN105649694B CN105649694B CN201610068575.6A CN201610068575A CN105649694B CN 105649694 B CN105649694 B CN 105649694B CN 201610068575 A CN201610068575 A CN 201610068575A CN 105649694 B CN105649694 B CN 105649694B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
Abstract
Four-stage back pressure cooling system for gas steam by utilizing electric water cooling and heating: the system integrates energy equipment such as a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler, a back pressure steam turbine and the like, and functional equipment such as a back pressure heat supply switching loop, an organic Rankine cycle unit, an absorption unit, a heat supply pipe network and the like; the method comprises the steps of constructing a remote management integrated system capable of networking, balancing back pressure heat supply and heat consumption of multiple groups of functional equipment according to seasons: the gas steam two-stage circulation power generation, heating and steam supply are realized in winter; the organic three-stage circulation power generation, sanitary hot water supply and steam supply of the fuel gas steam are realized in spring and autumn; the two-stage circulation power generation, process cold water supply, process hot water supply and steam supply of the fuel gas steam are realized in summer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel gas steam back pressure cooling four-stage electric water-cooling heat steam heating system in a distributed energy system.
Background
In the gas-steam combined cycle power generation device, electric energy is generated in two-stage power generation cycles respectively:
(1) The gas turbine generates power in a first-stage cycle, the gas and the air are mixed and combusted, and the generated high-pressure and high-temperature flue gas is sent into the gas turbine to expand and do work to push the impeller to rotate and drive the generator rotor to rotate so as to generate first-stage power; the discharged low-pressure and high-temperature flue gas is introduced into a waste heat boiler, and sensible heat of the flue gas is recovered to generate high-pressure and high-temperature superheated steam.
(2) And the second-stage circulation power generation of the steam turbine is carried out, superheated steam is sent into the steam turbine for expansion and work, and the impeller is pushed to rotate and drives the generator rotor to rotate so as to generate second-stage power.
Therefore, the gas-steam combined cycle power generation device has the technical advantages that: (1) The power generation efficiency is improved to 60 percent, which exceeds the highest value of 40 percent of any single-stage cycle power generation efficiency; therefore, the power generation device with the highest efficiency is the current power generation device; (2) Reducing the discharge of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides; and reliable and flexible power support is provided for voltage fluctuation of the renewable energy power generation device.
However, the above-described steam turbine cycle power generation mode is as follows:
(1) Condensing steam turbine power generation cycle: only generates electricity and does not supply heat, so that a large amount of condensing latent heat is not fully utilized, and the environment is discharged through the evaporation of circulating water in the cooling tower, so that water resources are consumed, and environmental heat and humidity pollution are caused; meanwhile, the device is complicated, the investment is increased, the reliability is reduced, the operation cost is increased, and therefore the system is not energy-saving and has poor economical efficiency.
(2) Thermoelectric cycle of extraction condensing steam turbine: the heat of condensing in summer is still discharged to the environment through the evaporation of circulating water in the cooling tower, so that water resources are consumed, and environmental heat and humidity pollution are caused; when the steam turbine intermediate stage extracts steam to supply heat in winter, the steam extraction quantity reduces the generated energy; the circulating device is complex, the investment is increased, the reliability is reduced, the operation cost is increased, the energy is not saved, and the economical efficiency is poor. The only technical advantage is that the circulating power generation of the gas turbine is not affected to avoid the gas from being diffused.
(3) Back pressure steam turbine thermoelectric cycle: the system not only generates electricity and supplies heat, but also heats circulating hot water by fully utilizing a large amount of condensing latent heat through improving back pressure in winter, does not need a cooling tower, does not consume water resources, and does not pollute environment heat and humidity; therefore, the device is simple, the investment is reduced, the operation is reliable, the energy conservation is remarkable, the operation cost is low, and the economical efficiency is excellent. However, the cycle is powered by heat, so that when no heat supply load exists in spring, summer and autumn, the steam turbine needs to stop running, and the power generation cycle of the gas turbine is affected, so that the gas is diffused.
In summary, in the gas-steam combined cycle power generation device, if the back pressure steam turbine is adopted for the second stage, the power generation and heat supply are carried out in winter, and the cogeneration efficiency can reach 90%, so that the energy-saving effect is remarkable, the economy is excellent, and the water resource consumption and the environmental heat and humidity pollution are avoided; however, the steam turbine is stopped when no heating load is applied in spring, summer and autumn. Therefore, how to improve the annual utilization rate of the thermoelectric cycle of the second-stage back pressure steam turbine is in need of intensive research and solution by thermal energy technological workers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to construct a fuel gas steam back pressure cooling four-stage electric water-cooling heat-steam heating system: on the basis of a gas-steam combined cycle power generation device, a second stage adopts a back pressure steam turbine to perform thermoelectric cycle, and the back pressure heat supply quantity released by a condenser balances the heat consumption of a plurality of groups of functional equipment in seasons: driving a heating pipe network in winter to realize gas steam secondary circulation power generation, back pressure heating and steam supply; the organic Rankine cycle unit is driven in spring and autumn to realize organic three-stage cycle power generation, sanitary hot water supply and steam supply of gas steam; the absorption unit is driven in summer to realize gas steam secondary circulation power generation, process cold water supply, process hot water supply and steam supply; under the condition of maintaining the first-stage circulation power generation of the gas turbine, the heat energy is utilized by the gas heat, the steam heat, the back pressure heat and the cooling heat in four stages, and the six functions of power generation, water supply, cold supply, heat supply, heating and steam supply are realized through seasonal switching, so that the comprehensive energy utilization rate of the system is doubled compared with that of the combined cycle.
The four-stage electric water-cooling and heating system is cooled by the back pressure of the gas steam shown in the attached figure 1, and comprises a 1-compressor; 1-1-an intake filter; 1-2-an intake muffler; 2-combustion chamber; 3-two-way valve; 4-gas turbine; 4-1-monoaxially; a 5-generator; 6-a waste heat boiler; 6-1-deoxidizing steam drum; 6-2-deoxidizing evaporator; 6-3-economizer; 6-4-steam drum; 6-5-evaporator; 6-6-superheater; 6-7-chimney; 7-a filter; 8-a circulating pump; 9-check valve; 10-steam turbine; 11-a condenser; 12-reheater; 13-an organic rankine cycle unit; 13-1-evaporator; 13-2-expander; 13-3-regenerator; 13-4-condenser; 13-5-a liquid storage tank; 13-6 working medium pumps; 13-7 of an organic working medium; 14-an absorption unit; 14-1-regenerator; 14-2-evaporator; a 14-3-absorber; 14-4-condenser; 15-a sensor data acquisition and exchange module; 16-an internet terminal computer controller; 17 expansion tank etc. is constituteed, its characterized in that:
the gas turbine consists of a gas compressor 1, a combustion chamber 2 and a gas turbine 4;
the compressor 1, the gas turbine 4 and the generator 5 are connected into a whole through a single shaft 4-1 and share a base to form a first-stage circulating power generation and gas compression device of the gas turbine;
the gas pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of the combustion chamber 2 to form a gas branch;
the air pipeline is connected with an air inlet of the air inlet filter 1-1, the air inlet silencer 1-2, the air compressor 1 and the combustion chamber 2 to form an air branch;
the air pipeline is connected with the two-way valve 3 and the outlet end of the air compressor 1 to form an air control branch;
the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber 2 is connected with a gas turbine 4, a flue gas inlet of a waste heat boiler 6, a superheater 6-6, an evaporator 6-5, an economizer 6-3, a deoxidization evaporator 6-2 and a chimney 6-7 through pipelines to form a flue gas loop;
the bottom of the condensation water side of the condenser 11 is connected with the two-way valve 3 and the tee joint through pipelines, and is connected with the bottom of the condensation water side of the reheater 12 in parallel through the two-way valve 3 and the tee joint, and then is connected with the desalted water supplementing pipeline in parallel through the tee joint and the two-way valve 3, and finally is connected to the condensation water inlet of the deoxidization steam drum 6-1 in series to form a condensation water loop;
the deaeration steam drum 6-1 and the deaeration evaporator 6-2, the filter 7, the circulating pump 8, the check valve 9, the economizer 6-3, the steam drum 6-4 and the evaporator 6-5 and the superheater 6-6 connected with the circulating pipeline thereof form a superheated steam preparation loop of the waste heat boiler 6;
the deoxygenation evaporator 6-2, the economizer 6-3 and the bottom header of the evaporator 6-5 are respectively connected with the two-way valve 3 through pipelines and then connected with the discharge pipe in parallel to form a pollution discharge branch of the waste heat boiler 6;
the outlet of the superheater 6-6 is connected with a tee joint, a tee joint and a two-way valve 3 through pipelines to form a branch for providing superheated steam;
the outlet of the superheater 6-6 is connected with the superheated steam side of the tee joint, the two-way valve 3 and the reheater 12 through pipelines to form a reheating branch;
the outlet of the superheater 6-6 is connected with the superheated steam side of the tee joint, the two-way valve 3, the steam turbine 10 and the condenser 11 through pipelines to form a steam turbine branch;
the steam turbine 10 and the generator 5 form a second-stage circulating power generation device of the steam turbine;
the return water pipe is connected with a tee joint, a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9, a hot water side of a condenser 11, the tee joint, a hot water side of a reheater 12, a water supply pipe network, a heating tail end, a sanitary hot water tail end, a return water pipe network, a two-way valve 3 and the tee joint to form a back pressure heat supply driving heating circulation switching loop;
the return pipe is connected with a tee joint, a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9, a hot water side of a condenser 11, the tee joint, a hot water side of an evaporator 13-1, a two-way valve 3, the tee joint and the tee joint to form a back pressure heat supply driving power generation circulation switching loop;
the organic working medium pipeline is connected with the working medium side of the evaporator 13-1, the two-way valve 3, the expansion machine 13-2, the heat release side of the heat regenerator 13-3, the working medium side of the condenser 13-4, the liquid storage tank 13-5, the working medium pump 13-6, the two-way valve 3 and the heat absorption side of the heat regenerator 13-3 to form an organic Rankine cycle;
the expander 13-2 and the generator 5 form a third-stage circulating power generation device of the expander;
the tap water pipeline is connected with the filter 7, the circulating pump 8, the check valve 9 and the hot water-guarding side of the condenser 13-4 to form a sanitary hot water circulating loop;
the return pipe is connected with a tee joint, a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9, a hot water side of a condenser 11, the tee joint, a hot water side of a regenerator 14-1, a two-way valve 3, the tee joint and the tee joint to form a back pressure heat supply driving absorption unit (refrigeration and heating) combined cycle switching loop;
the process water return pipeline is connected with a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9 and a process cold water side of an evaporator 14-2 to form a process cold water circulating loop;
the process water return pipeline is connected with a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9, an absorber 14-3 and a process hot water side of a condenser 14-4 which are connected in series to form a process hot water circulating loop;
the outlet of the bottom of the expansion tank 17 is connected to a tee joint in front of the inlet of the filter 7 through a pipeline to form a constant-pressure expansion branch of the back pressure heat supply switching loop.
The gas transmission pipeline, the air transmission pipeline, the filter 7 inlet of various circulation loops, the steam inlet of the steam turbine 10, the power transmission line of each level of generator 5, the superheated steam output pipe, the heating hot water output pipe, the superheated steam side steam inlet of the reheater 12 and the desalted water supplementing pipe in the integrated system are all provided with sensor data acquisition and exchange modules 15 which are respectively connected with the Internet terminal computer controller 16 in a communication manner through a wired or wireless manner and exchange information to form an energy management internet-capable networking.
The evaporator 13-1 is a dry evaporator or a flooded evaporator or a falling film evaporator; the condenser 13-4 is a shell-and-tube condenser or a plate-type condenser or a sleeve-type condenser or a plate-fin condenser or a coil-type condenser.
The organic working medium 13-7 is R134a or R245fa.
The working principle of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1:
1. the flue gas drives the gas turbine 4 to provide first-stage cyclic power generation and drive the compressor 1: the purified and compressed fuel gas flows through the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15 and is sent into the combustion chamber 2, and then is mixed with air sent into the combustion chamber 2 through the purification of the air inlet filter 1-1, the noise elimination of the air inlet silencer 1-2, the detection of the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15 and the pressurization of the air compressor 1, and then is combusted to generate high-pressure and high-temperature flue gas, the high-pressure and high-temperature flue gas is sent into the gas turbine 4 through the air inlet to expand and output mechanical work, the impeller is pushed to rotate, and the rotor of the generator 5 and the impeller of the air compressor 1 are driven to rotate together through the single shaft 4-1, so that on one hand, first-stage electric energy is output through the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, and on the other hand, the air from the silencer 1-2 is compressed.
2. The waste heat boiler 6 recovers the waste heat of the flue gas: the low-pressure and high-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine 4 flows into the waste heat boiler 6, and sensible heat of the flue gas is recovered step by step through the superheater 6-6, the evaporator 6-5, the economizer 6-3 and the deoxidizing evaporator 6-2; and the condensation backwater in the waste heat boiler 6 is heated in a cascade way in a countercurrent mode, and the tail gas after backheating and temperature reduction is discharged from the chimney 6-7 at high altitude.
3. The waste heat boiler 6 prepares superheated steam: the bottom condensed water of the condenser 11 is mutually mixed with the bottom condensed water of the reheater 12 through the two-way valve 3 and the three-way valve, is then mixed with desalted water which is supplemented through the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, the two-way valve 3 and the three-way valve, flows into the deoxidization steam drum 6-1 and the deoxidization evaporator 6-2 connected with the circulating pipeline thereof to be heated, separated and discharged by siphoning circulation, is heated to be saturated through the deoxidization steam drum 6-1, the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, the filter 7, the circulating pump 8, the check valve 9 and the coal economizer 6-3, flows into the evaporator 6-5 connected with the steam drum 6-4 and the circulating pipeline thereof to be heated by siphoning circulation, generates saturated steam, is separated through the steam drum 6-4, and then flows through the superheater 6-6 to be continuously heated to be overheated steam; the sewage is converged to a discharge pipe through a pipeline and a two-way valve 3 respectively by a deoxidizing evaporator 6-2, an economizer 6-3 and a bottom header of the evaporator 6-5 and discharged into a sewer.
4. The superheated steam supplies heat, reheat and drives steam turbine 10 to provide second stage cycle power generation: the outlet of the superheater 6-6 is overheated water vapor, (1) flows through the tee joint, the two-way valve 3 and the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15 to provide overheated water vapor; (2) The superheated water vapor flows through the tee joint, the tee joint and the two-way valve 3, the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15 and the reheater 12, and is condensed after being heated again; (3) The waste steam flows through the tee joint, the two-way valve 3 and the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, is fed into the steam turbine 10 from a steam inlet to expand to output mechanical work, pushes an impeller to rotate, drives a rotor of the generator 5 to rotate through the single shaft 4-1 to output second-stage electric energy through the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, and meanwhile, the waste steam at the outlet of the steam turbine 10 flows into the steam side of the condenser 11 to heat and circulate backwater and condense.
5. Back pressure heat supply switching drive heat supply pipe network provides heating hot water circulation: the backwater flows through a tee joint, a sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9, a hot water side of a condenser 11, the tee joint, a hot water side of a reheater 12, the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, a water supply pipe network, a heating tail end, a sanitary hot water tail end, a backwater pipe network, a two-way valve 3 and the tee joint, so that back pressure heat supply is completed through switching, and heating hot water circulation is driven.
6. Back pressure heat supply switching drive organic Rankine cycle unit supply (third-stage cycle power generation+sanitary hot water): the backwater flows through a tee joint, a sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9, a hot water side of a condenser 11, the tee joint, the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, the hot water side of an evaporator 13-1, a two-way valve 3, the tee joint and the tee joint to switch and complete back pressure heat supply to drive third-stage circulating power generation; the low boiling point organic working medium 13-7 at the working medium side of the evaporator 13-1 absorbs back pressure heat to gasify into pressure gas, and then flows through the two-way valve 3 to drive the expander 13-2 to rotate to do work to reduce pressure, and drives the rotor of the generator 5 to rotate so as to output third-stage electric energy through the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15; the gas-liquid two-phase flow formed by heat release and temperature reduction of the heat regenerator 13-3 releases heat to the circulating sanitary hot water when flowing through the working medium side of the condenser 13-4 to be condensed into liquid and flows into the liquid storage tank 13-5, finally, the liquid is driven by the working medium pump 13-6, and after heat absorption and temperature rise of the two-way valve 3 and the heat regenerator 13-3, the liquid flows back to the working medium side of the evaporator 13-1 again, so that the organic Rankine cycle is completed. Tap water flows through the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, the filter 7, the circulating pump 8 and the check valve 9, and enters the hot water side of the condenser 13-4 to be heated by condensation of working medium to provide sanitary hot water.
7. Back pressure heat supply switching driving absorption type unit (refrigeration and heating) combined cycle supply (process cold water and process hot water): the backwater flows through a tee joint, a sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9, a hot water side of a condenser 11, the tee joint, the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, the inside of a regenerator 14-1 pipe, a two-way valve 3, the tee joint and the tee joint, so that back pressure heat supply is completed through switching, an absorption unit is driven, a solution outside the heating pipe is evaporated, water vapor is evaporated and is concentrated into absorption liquid, and the absorption liquid is driven by an absorption liquid pump and is dripped outside the absorber 14-3 pipe; the water vapor flows through the outside of the condenser 14-4 pipe to release heat and condense into refrigerant water, then is depressurized and cooled through a pipeline, flows into the evaporator 14-2 according to gravity, is driven by a refrigerant pump to circularly drip outside the evaporator 14-2 pipe to absorb heat of process backwater and evaporate into water vapor, then flows through the outside of the absorber 14-3 pipe, is absorbed by drip absorption liquid to become dilute solution and release solution heat, is driven by a solution pump, is sent back to the outside of the regenerator 14-1 pipe again, and finally absorbs heat to evaporate the water vapor, thereby completing the combined cycle of an absorption unit (refrigeration and heating). The process backwater flows through the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, the filter 7, the circulating pump 8 and the check valve 9, enters the evaporator 14-2, is evaporated and absorbed by the refrigerant water dripped outside the evaporator and cools itself, so as to complete the process cold water circulation. The process backwater flows through the sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15, the filter 7, the circulating pump 8 and the check valve 9 and enters the process hot water side in the pipe of the absorber 14-3 and the condenser 14-4 which are connected in series, so as to be heated and warmed up successively by the heat of solution released by the absorption process of the solution outside the pipe and the heat of condensation and heat release of water vapor to provide process hot water.
Therefore, compared with the existing gas-steam combined cycle power generation device, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the combined production of six functions of power generation, water supply, cold supply, heat supply and steam supply: the system integrates energy equipment and functional equipment such as a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler, a back pressure steam turbine, an organic Rankine cycle unit, an absorption unit, a heat supply pipe network and the like, so that the six functions of power generation, sanitary hot water supply, process cold water supply, process hot water supply, heating hot water supply, superheated steam supply and the like are realized.
2. Four-stage heat energy cascade utilization: the primary uses the high-temperature flue gas heat energy at 1000 ℃ to drive the gas turbine, the secondary uses the medium-temperature steam heat energy at 500 ℃ to drive the steam turbine, the tertiary uses the low-temperature back pressure heat energy at 100 ℃ to drive the organic Rankine cycle unit or the absorption unit, and the quaternary uses the cooling heat energy at 50 ℃ at normal temperature to heat sanitary hot water or process hot water.
3. Organic three-stage circulation power generation of fuel gas and steam: the system integrates energy equipment and functional equipment such as a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler, a back pressure steam turbine, an organic Rankine cycle unit and the like, so that the gas steam organic three-stage cycle power generation is realized.
4. Multifunction of the device: the organic Rankine cycle unit is used for providing (electric power and sanitary hot water), and the absorption unit is used for providing (process cold water and process hot water), so that each functional device outputs more functions, the return rate of the integrated system is improved, the investment recovery period is shortened, and the economic requirement required by contract energy management is met.
5. The back pressure heat supply quantity is switched in different seasons to balance heat consumption of multiple groups of functional equipment:
(1) The organic Rankine cycle unit is driven in spring and autumn, so that the gas steam organic three-stage cycle power generation efficiency is 60%, meanwhile, the environment heat removal quantity is recovered to heat sanitary hot water at 25% efficiency, superheated steam is provided at 5% efficiency, and the comprehensive energy utilization rate of the system is 90;
(2) The heating pipe network is driven in winter to provide heating hot water circulation with 30% efficiency, so that the gas steam secondary circulation power generation efficiency is 55%, superheated steam is provided with 5% efficiency, and the comprehensive energy utilization rate of the system is 90%;
(3) The combined cycle of the absorption unit (refrigeration and heating) is driven in summer, so that the gas steam two-stage cycle power generation efficiency is 55%, process cold water is provided at 24% efficiency, process hot water is provided at 54% efficiency, and superheated steam is provided at 5% efficiency, and the efficiency is doubled compared with that of the combined cycle.
6. Energy saving and environmental protection are combined: the organic Rankine cycle unit and the absorption unit in the integrated system recycle all the environmental heat removal of the cooling tower to provide sanitary hot water and process hot water, reduce the system driving energy consumption and the system investment, simultaneously avoid water resource consumption and environmental heat and humidity pollution, realize energy conservation and environmental protection and realize combined operation, and have excellent economical efficiency; to provide more functional, efficient and high-quality networked clean energy service for distributed energy users.
7. The construction can be networked: the gas transmission pipeline, the air transmission pipeline, the filter 7 inlet of various circulation loops, the steam inlet of the steam turbine 10, the power transmission line of each level of generator 5, the superheated steam output pipe, the heating hot water output pipe, the superheated steam side steam inlet of the reheater 12 and the desalted water supplementing pipe in the integrated system are all provided with sensor data acquisition and exchange modules 15 which are respectively connected with the Internet terminal computer controller 16 in a communication manner through a wired or wireless manner and exchange information to form an energy management internet-capable networking.
8. Networking remote management integrated system: the four-stage heat energy cascade utilization of fuel gas, steam and organic three-stage circulation power generation is realized, and the six functions of power generation, water supply, cold supply, heat supply, heating and steam supply are combined.
9. 4.0 of industrial power generation: the Internet plus three-stage circulating power generation, four-stage heat energy cascade utilization and six-function co-production are 4.0 of industrial power generation. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Interconnection: through the internet+ (sensors, integrated systems, distributed energy demand);
(2) Data: the sensor, the integrated system, the research and development manufacturing, the industrial chain, the operation management, the distributed energy demand and other big data can be connected through the network;
(3) Integration: the sensor, the embedded terminal, the intelligent control, the communication facility and the like are built into an intelligent network, and then the intelligent network can be used for forming networking of people-people, people-machine, machine-machine and service-service, so that high integration of transverse and longitudinal and terminal is realized;
(4) Innovation: three-level cyclic power generation innovation, four-level heat energy cascade utilization innovation, six-function co-production innovation, system integration innovation, networking management innovation, business model innovation and industrial form innovation;
(5) Transformation: from the existing distributed energy system of gas-steam combined cycle power generation and electric heating and cooling cogeneration, the system is changed into the distributed energy system of gas-steam organic three-stage cycle power generation, four-stage heat energy cascade utilization and six-function cogeneration, and the multi-stage cycle power generation and heat energy utilization, the diversification of functional output and the high efficiency of comprehensive energy utilization are realized.
10. The integrated system maintains the air inflow and the first-stage circulation generating capacity of the gas turbine by maintaining the steam inflow and the second-stage circulation generating capacity of the back pressure steam turbine all the year round, so that the gas is prevented from being diffused.
Therefore, compared with a distributed energy system for combined cycle power generation of gas and steam, the invention has the technical advantages that: the system integrates energy equipment such as a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler, a back pressure steam turbine and the like, and functional equipment such as a back pressure heat supply switching loop, an organic Rankine cycle unit, an absorption unit, a heat supply pipe network and the like; the method comprises the steps of constructing a networking remote management integrated system, and balancing back pressure heat supply quantity and heat consumption quantity of multiple groups of functional equipment according to seasons: the co-production efficiency of the fuel gas and steam two-stage circulation power generation, the back pressure heating and the electric heating steam supply is 90%, the organic three-stage circulation power generation of the fuel gas and steam, the sanitary hot water supply and the electric steam co-production efficiency of the steam supply are 90% in spring and autumn, and the fuel gas and steam two-stage circulation power generation, the absorption supply (process cold water, process hot water) +the electric cooling and heating steam co-production of the steam supply are doubled in summer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the system of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, wherein: 1-a compressor; 1-1-an intake filter; 1-2-an intake muffler; 2-combustion chamber; 3-two-way valve; 4-gas turbine; 4-1-monoaxially; a 5-generator; 6-a waste heat boiler; 6-1-deoxidizing steam drum; 6-2-deoxidizing evaporator; 6-3-economizer; 6-4-steam drum; 6-5-evaporator; 6-6-superheater; 6-7-chimney; 7-a filter; 8-a circulating pump; 9-check valve; 10-steam turbine; 11-a condenser; 12-reheater; 13-an organic rankine cycle unit; 13-1-evaporator; 13-2-expander; 13-3-regenerator; 13-4-condenser; 13-5-a liquid storage tank; 13-6 working medium pumps; 13-7 of an organic working medium; 14-an absorption unit; 14-1-regenerator; 14-2-evaporator; a 14-3-absorber; 14-4-condenser; 15-a sensor data acquisition and exchange module; 16-an internet terminal computer controller; 17-expansion tank.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the gas steam back pressure cooling four-stage electric water-cooling heat-steam utilizing system provided by the invention is shown in the attached figure 1, and is now described as follows: the gas turbine consists of a gas compressor 1 (with a pressure ratio of 16.8:1), a stainless steel combustion chamber 2 (with a volume of 160L) and a gas turbine 4 with a power generation capacity of 15 MW;
the gas turbine 1, the gas turbine 4, the generator 5 (rated power 15MW, rated voltage 10.5kV, rated current 1031A, rated frequency 50Hz, rated rotating speed 1500r/min, synchronization of power factor 0.8) are connected into a whole through a single shaft 4-1 (of stainless steel with the diameter of 75 mm) and share a base, so that a first-stage circulating power generation and gas compression device of the gas turbine (with the thermal efficiency of 34.8%) is formed;
(stainless steel with diameter of 400mm and wall thickness of 4 mm) gas pipeline connectionThe gas inlet of the combustion chamber 2, composition (coke oven gas flow 7989Nm 3 Gas branch with heat value of 16.72MJ/Nm3, temperature of 50 ℃, pressure of 2.6MPa and filtering precision of 40 μm;
the air pipe (stainless steel with diameter 400mm and wall thickness 4 mm) is connected with the air inlet filter 1-1, the air inlet silencer 1-2, the air compressor 1 and the air inlet of the combustion chamber 2 to form (flow 150000 Nm) 3 /h, temperature 20 ℃, pressure loss 100mmH 2 O, 99.9% filtration efficiency) air branch;
an air pipeline (stainless steel with the diameter of 60mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm) is connected with the two-way valve 3 and the outlet end of the air compressor 1 to form an air control pneumatic cut-off valve branch;
the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber 2 is connected with the gas turbine 4 (self-deoxidizing, natural circulation, parameter 3.82MPa/450 ℃ and steam yield 16.8 t/h) through a stainless steel pipeline (diameter 600mm and wall thickness 6 mm) and the flue gas inlet (flow 39.4kg/s and temperature 555 ℃) of the waste heat boiler 6 (heat exchange area 120 m) 2 Superheater 6-6, (heat exchange area 220 m) 2 Evaporator 6-5, (heat exchange area 140 m) 2 Economizer 6-3, (heat exchange area 120 m) 2 The outlet flue gas temperature of the deoxygenation evaporator 6-2, (stainless steel with the diameter of 800mm and the wall thickness of 8 mm) chimney 6-7 is 126 ℃, and a flue gas loop is formed;
(Heat exchange area 280 m) 2 The flow rate of the circulating hot water is 800t/h, the design pressure of the circulating hot water is 0.3MPa, and the water resistance of the circulating hot water is 5mH 2 The bottom of the condensate side of the condenser 11 with the rated back pressure of O and 0.15MPa is connected with a two-way valve 3 and a tee joint through a stainless steel pipeline with the diameter of 40mm and the wall thickness of 2mm, and is connected with the bottom of the condensate side of the reheater 12 in parallel through the stainless steel pipeline with the diameter of 40mm and the wall thickness of 2mm, and then is connected with a desalted water supplementing pipeline with the flow of 10t/h, the stainless steel with the diameter of 40mm and the wall thickness of 2mm in parallel through the tee joint and the two-way valve 3, and finally is connected to a condensate inlet of the deaeration steam drum 6-1 in series to form a condensate loop;
(deoxygenation steam drum 6-1 with volume of 200L) deoxygenation evaporator 6-2 (stainless steel with diameter of 20mm and wall thickness of 2 mm) connected by circulating pipeline (stainless steel with interface diameter of 200mm and wall thickness of 2 mm) filter 7 (flow rate of 16)8t/h, 150mH head 2 O) a circulating pump 8, (stainless steel with the interface diameter of 200mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm) a check valve 9, an economizer 6-3, a steam drum 6-4 (stainless steel with the diameter of 20mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm) and an evaporator 6-5 and a superheater 6-6 which are connected by a circulating pipeline form a superheated steam preparation loop of the waste heat boiler 6;
the deoxygenation evaporator 6-2, the economizer 6-3 and the bottom header of the evaporator 6-5 are respectively connected with the two-way valve 3 through stainless steel pipes (with the diameter of 20mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm) and then connected with stainless steel discharge pipes (with the diameter of 40mm and the wall thickness of 3 mm) in parallel to form a pollution discharge branch (with the flow rate of 0.7t/h and the temperature of 250 ℃) of the waste heat boiler 6;
the outlet of the superheater 6-6 is connected with a tee joint, a tee joint and a two-way valve 3 through a stainless steel pipeline (with the diameter of 200mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm) to form a superheated steam branch (6.1 t/h);
the outlet of the superheater 6-6 is connected with a tee joint, a tee joint and a two-way valve 3 (heat exchange area 15 m) through pipelines 2 (ii) the superheated steam side of the reheater 12, constituting a reheat branch;
the outlet of the superheater 6-6 is connected with the superheated steam sides of the steam turbine 10 and the condenser 11 (the rated steam inlet flow rate is 16.8t/h, the rated steam inlet pressure is 3.43MPa, the rated back pressure is 0.15MPa, the rated steam inlet temperature is 435 ℃, the given power is 3.00MW, the rated rotating speed is 5600r/min, and the rotating direction is clockwise as seen in the steam flow direction) through a pipeline to form a back pressure steam turbine branch;
a steam turbine 10, (rated power 3.00MW, rated voltage 10.5kV, rated frequency 50Hz, rated rotating speed 5600r/min and power factor 0.8 synchronous) generator 5, and a second-stage circulating power generation device of the steam turbine is formed;
(carbon steel with the diameter of 200mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm) return pipe is connected with a tee joint, a filter 7, (the flow rate is 800t/h and the lift is 50 mH) 2 O), a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9, a hot water side of a condenser 11, a tee joint, a hot water side of a reheater 12, a water supply pipe network, a heating tail end, a sanitary hot water tail end, a backwater pipe network, a two-way valve 3 and a tee joint form a back pressure heat supply driving heating circulation switching loop;
the return pipe is connected with a tee joint, a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9 and a condenserHot water side, tee of steam turbine 11, (heat exchange area 100 m) 2 A dry plate type) evaporator 13-1, a two-way valve 3, a tee joint and a tee joint to form a back pressure heat supply driving power generation circulation switching loop;
(red copper with the diameter of 100mm and the wall thickness of 1 mm) organic working medium pipeline is connected with the working medium side of the evaporator 13-1, the two-way valve 3, (rated working medium flow rate of 6.0t/h, rated inlet pressure of 1.8MPa, rated inlet temperature of 90 ℃ and given power of 1.0MW, rated rotating speed of 5600r/min and the rotating direction of which is clockwise as seen in the working medium flowing direction) the expander 13-2, (heat exchange area of 32 m) 2 The heat release side (heat exchange area 120 m) of the heat regenerator 13-3 with the interface diameter of 50mm 2 Tube-shell type) condenser 13-4 working medium side, liquid storage tank 13-5 (stainless steel with volume of 80L and interface diameter of 50 mm), rated working medium flow rate of 6.0t/h and rated lift of 150mH 2 O) working medium pump 13-6, two-way valve 3 (with interface diameter of 50 mm) and heat absorption side of heat regenerator 13-3 to form organic Rankine cycle loop;
an expander 13-2 (asynchronous) generator 5 with rated power of 0.82MW, rated voltage of 380V, rated frequency of 50Hz, rated rotating speed of 5600r/min and power factor of 0.8) forms a third-stage circulation power generation device of the expander;
tap water (carbon steel with diameter of 250mm and wall thickness of 2 mm) pipeline (with temperature of 20 ℃) is connected with filter 7, (rated cooling water flow rate of 400t/h and rated lift of 15 mH) 2 O) circulating pump 8, check valve 9, condenser 13-4 to form a sanitary hot water circulating loop (heating capacity 9 MW);
the return pipe is connected with a tee joint, a filter 7, a circulating pump 8, a check valve 9, a hot water side of a condenser 11, the tee joint, (heat exchange area 100 m) 2 The hot water side of the regenerator 14-1, the two-way valve 3, the tee joint and the tee joint form a back pressure heat supply driving absorption unit (refrigeration and heating) combined cycle switching loop;
(carbon steel with the temperature of 35 ℃, the diameter of 100mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm) process water return pipeline is connected with a filter 7, (the flow rate is 400t/h and the lift is 35 mH) 2 O) circulation pump 8, check valve 9, (heat exchange area 100 m) 2 The process cold water side of the evaporator 14-2, constitutes a process cold water circulation loop;
(carbon steel with the temperature of 35 ℃, the diameter of 100mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm) process water return pipeline is connected with a filter 7, (the flow rate is 400t/h and the lift is 35 mH) 2 O), circulation pump 8, check valve 9, series-connected (heat exchange area 100m 2 Absorber 14-3 and (heat exchange area 100 m) 2 The hot process water side of the condenser 14-4, forming a hot process water circulation loop;
the gas transmission pipeline, the air transmission pipeline, the filter 7 inlet of various circulation loops, the steam inlet of the steam turbine 10, the power transmission line of each level of generator 5, the superheated steam output pipe, the heating hot water output pipe, the superheated steam side steam inlet of the reheater 12 and the desalted water supplementing pipe in the integrated system are respectively provided with a sensor data acquisition and exchange module 15 (of flow, temperature, pressure, current, voltage and frequency), and are respectively connected with an internet terminal computer controller 16 in a communication manner through a wired or wireless manner, and exchange information to form an energy management interconnection network-capable of networking;
(volume 150 m) 3 Stainless steel with the wall thickness of 6 mm) is connected to a tee joint in front of the inlet of the filter 7 through a stainless steel pipeline with the diameter of 25mm and the wall thickness of 2mm to form a constant-pressure expansion branch of the back pressure heat supply switching circuit.
The organic working material 13-7 is R245fa.
The embodiment of the invention ensures that the back pressure heat supply of the steam turbine is 10MW through loop switching, and the heat consumption of functional equipment for seasonal balance (power generation, sanitary hot water supply), process cold water supply, process hot water supply, heating gas supply and steam supply is divided into:
(1) The heating pipe network is driven in winter to provide heating hot water circulation, 18MW of gas steam secondary circulation generated energy and 10MW of back pressure heating are realized, 2MW of steam is provided, and the co-production efficiency of electric heating steam is 90%;
(2) The organic Rankine cycle unit is driven in spring and autumn, the power generation amount of the third-stage cycle is 0.82MW, the power generation amount of the organic third-stage cycle of the gas steam is 18.82MW, the sanitary hot water at 43 ℃ is 9.18MW, the steam is 2MW, and the electricity-water vapor co-production efficiency is 90%;
(3) The absorption unit is driven in summer, 18MW of gas steam secondary circulation generating capacity is achieved, and 2MW of steam is provided.
Therefore, the integrated system maintains the air inflow of the gas turbine and the first-stage circulation generating capacity by maintaining the steam inflow of the back-pressure steam turbine and the second-stage circulation generating capacity all the year round; avoiding the gas from diffusing.
Claims (4)
1. A gas steam back pressure cooling four-stage electric water-cooling heat steam heating system comprises a gas compressor (1), a gas inlet filter (1-1), a gas inlet silencer (1-2), a combustion chamber (2), a two-way valve, a gas turbine (4), a single shaft (4-1), a generator (5), a waste heat boiler (6), a deoxidization steam drum (6-1), a deoxidization evaporator (6-2), an economizer (6-3), a steam drum (6-4), an evaporator (6-5), a superheater (6-6), a chimney (6-7), a filter, a circulating pump, a check valve, a steam turbine (10), a condenser (11), a reheater (12), an organic Rankine cycle unit (13), an evaporator (13-1), an expander (13-2), a regenerator (13-3), a condenser (13-4), a liquid storage tank (13-5), a working medium pump (13-6), an organic working medium (13-7), an absorption unit (14), a regenerator (14-1), an evaporator (14-2), an absorber (14-3), a condenser (14-4), an internet data acquisition terminal and a computer control terminal (16), expansion tank (17) are constituteed, its characterized in that: the gas turbine consists of a gas compressor (1), a combustion chamber (2) and a gas turbine (4); the gas compressor (1), the gas turbine (4) and the generator (5) are connected into a whole through a single shaft (4-1) and share a base to form a first-stage circulating power generation and gas compression device of the gas turbine; the gas pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of the combustion chamber (2) to form a gas branch; the air pipeline is connected with an air inlet filter (1-1), an air inlet silencer (1-2), an air compressor (1) and an air inlet of a combustion chamber (2) to form an air branch; the air pipeline is connected with the two-way valve and the outlet end of the air compressor (1) to form an air control branch; the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber (2) is connected with a gas turbine (4), a flue gas inlet of a waste heat boiler (6), a superheater (6-6), an evaporator (6-5), a coal economizer (6-3), a deoxidizing evaporator (6-2) and a chimney (6-7) through pipelines to form a flue gas loop; the bottom of the condensed water side of the condenser (11) is connected with a two-way valve and a tee joint through a pipeline, and is connected with the bottom of the condensed water side of the reheater (12) in parallel through the pipeline, and then is connected with a desalted water supplementing pipeline in parallel through the tee joint and the two-way valve, and finally is connected with a condensed water inlet of the deoxidizing steam drum (6-1) in series to form a condensed water loop; the deaeration steam drum (6-1) and a deaeration evaporator (6-2) connected with a circulating pipeline thereof, a filter, a circulating pump, a check valve, an economizer (6-3), the steam drum (6-4) and an evaporator (6-5) connected with a circulating pipeline thereof, and a superheater (6-6) form a superheated steam preparation loop of the waste heat boiler (6); the deoxygenation evaporator (6-2), the economizer (6-3) and the bottom header of the evaporator (6-5) are respectively connected with a two-way valve through pipelines and then connected with a discharge pipe in parallel to form a pollution discharge branch of the waste heat boiler (6); the outlet of the superheater (6-6) is connected with a tee joint, a tee joint and a two-way valve through pipelines to form a branch circuit for providing superheated steam; the outlet of the superheater (6-6) is connected with the superheated steam side of the tee joint, the two-way valve and the reheater (12) through pipelines to form a reheating branch; the outlet of the superheater (6-6) is connected with the superheated steam side of the tee joint, the two-way valve, the steam turbine (10) and the condenser (11) through pipelines to form a steam turbine branch; the steam turbine (10) and the generator (5) form a second-stage circulating power generation device of the steam turbine; the return water pipe is connected with a tee joint, a filter, a circulating pump, a check valve, a hot water side of a condenser (11), the tee joint, a hot water side of a reheater (12), a water supply pipe network, a heating tail end, a sanitary hot water tail end, a return water pipe network, a two-way valve and the tee joint to form a back pressure heat supply driving heating circulation switching loop; the return pipe is connected with a tee joint, a filter, a circulating pump, a check valve, a hot water side of a condenser (11), the tee joint, a hot water side of an evaporator (13-1), a two-way valve, the tee joint and the tee joint to form a back pressure heat supply driving power generation circulation switching loop; the organic working medium pipeline is connected with a working medium side of the evaporator (13-1), a two-way valve, an expansion machine (13-2), a heat release side of the heat regenerator (13-3), a working medium side of the condenser (13-4), a liquid storage tank (13-5), a working medium pump (13-6), the two-way valve and a heat absorption side of the heat regenerator (13-3) to form an organic Rankine cycle loop; the expander (13-2) and the generator (5) form a third-stage circulation power generation device of the expander; the tap water pipeline is connected with a filter, a circulating pump, a check valve and a hot water-guarding side of a condenser (13-4) to form a sanitary hot water circulating loop; the return pipe is connected with a tee joint, a filter, a circulating pump, a check valve, a hot water side of a condenser (11), the tee joint, a hot water side of a regenerator (14-1), a two-way valve, the tee joint and the tee joint to form a back pressure heat supply driving absorption unit combined cycle switching loop; the process water return pipeline is connected with a filter, a circulating pump, a check valve and a process cold water side of an evaporator (14-2) to form a process cold water circulating loop; the process water return pipeline is connected with a filter, a circulating pump, a check valve, a series-connected absorber (14-3) and a process hot water side of a condenser (14-4) to form a process hot water circulating loop; the outlet at the bottom of the expansion tank (17) is connected to a tee joint in front of the inlet of the filter through a pipeline to form a constant-pressure expansion branch of the back pressure heat supply switching loop.
2. The gas steam back pressure cooling four-stage electric water-cooling heat-steam-utilizing system according to claim 1, wherein: the gas transmission pipeline, the air transmission pipeline, the filter inlet of various circulation loops, the steam inlet of the steam turbine (10), the power transmission line of each level of generator (5), the superheated steam output pipe, the heating hot water output pipe, the superheated steam side steam inlet of the reheater (12) and the desalted water supplementing pipe in the integrated system are all provided with sensor data acquisition and exchange modules (15), and are respectively connected with an internet terminal computer controller (16) in a communication manner through a wired or wireless manner, and exchange information to form an energy management interconnection network which can be networked.
3. The gas steam back pressure cooling four-stage electric water-cooling heat-steam-utilizing system according to claim 1, wherein: the evaporator (13-1) is a dry evaporator or a flooded evaporator or a falling film evaporator; the condenser (13-4) is a shell-and-tube condenser or a plate-type condenser or a sleeve-type condenser or a plate-fin condenser or a coil-type condenser.
4. The gas steam back pressure cooling four-stage electric water-cooling heat-steam-utilizing system according to claim 1, wherein: the organic working medium (13-7) is R134a or R245fa.
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| CN106642804B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-03-01 | 宁波工程学院 | Refrigeration equipment |
| CN107269391A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-10-20 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Comprehensive hospital energy supplying system and its application based on gas turbine |
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