CN209910217U - Organic Rankine cycle system for multi-grade waste heat utilization - Google Patents
Organic Rankine cycle system for multi-grade waste heat utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN209910217U CN209910217U CN201920073427.2U CN201920073427U CN209910217U CN 209910217 U CN209910217 U CN 209910217U CN 201920073427 U CN201920073427 U CN 201920073427U CN 209910217 U CN209910217 U CN 209910217U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a many grades of waste heat utilization organic rankine cycle system, including organic rankine cycle unit and heat pump unit, set up one in the organic rankine cycle unit and be used for absorbing the multi-inlet evaporimeter that utilizes many grades of waste heat energy. The heat pump unit adopts an absorption heat pump form, and fully utilizes a low-grade heat source to pump heat from a low-temperature heat source to a high-temperature heat source. The utility model is suitable for a overwhelming majority area in our country, the system can start respectively in winter and summer and heat and the refrigeration mode, heat under the mode, the condenser among the organic rankine cycle unit and the heat pump unit evaporimeter intercommunication, the evaporimeter absorbs the heat that comes from the exhaust steam release after the waste heat does work, under the effect of a series of heat exchangers, the user utilizes the heat that gives off from the condenser, under the refrigeration mode, condenser and cooling tower among the organic rankine cycle unit meet, in order to reach the purpose that refrigeration utilized cold volume.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an organic rankine cycle system, in particular to organic rankine cycle system of many grade waste heat utilization.
Background
In industrial production, a large amount of waste heat is generated, the grade of the waste heat is different, and if the waste heat is directly discharged into the environment in the production process, the problem of heat pollution to the periphery is caused, and heat waste exists. Therefore, the waste heat of different grades is recycled and utilized, so that the environmental pressure can be lightened, and the utilization rate of energy can be improved. The available waste heat has the characteristics of wide temperature range and multiple forms, and comprises circulating cooling water, waste heat steam, industrial furnace pit flue gas, metallurgical slag waste heat and the like. The low-grade waste heat comprises the waste heat of exhaust gas of a power plant (25-35 ℃) and low-temperature process cooling water (28-45 ℃) in process cooling equipment such as a fan and a cold rolling mill, the medium-grade waste heat mainly comprises a high-temperature section (55-75 ℃) of slag flushing water and turbid circulating water (45-55 ℃) of an energy power plant, and the high-grade waste heat comprises the waste gas of the middle-temperature section and the low-temperature section of blast furnace gas (80-120 ℃).
The organic Rankine cycle is one of key technologies utilizing low-grade waste heat, can effectively relieve the energy crisis to a certain extent, and the working medium in the cycle is an organic working medium. The problem that the waste heat energy temperature difference between the grades is large, the high grade and the low grade are mutually restricted, and the waste heat energy cannot be fully recycled is solved. In addition, in order to solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by heat supply of a coal-fired boiler in winter, the heat pump system device is applied to large area in building air conditioning, so that the organic Rankine system is connected with the heat pump system, waste heat energy can be effectively utilized, and particularly, the efficiency of the heat pump device can be obviously and effectively improved in winter.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The shortcoming and the deficiency to above-mentioned prior art, the utility model aims at providing a many grades of waste heat utilization organic rankine cycle system, adopt the many imports evaporimeter to absorb the heat production steam drive steam turbine work in the grade waste heat medium at different levels, exhaust steam after the work is utilized once more and is used for building air conditioning, realize the supply in turn of changes in temperature of two seasons in summer and winter, outside the utilization ratio that has improved grade waste heat at different levels, still adopted the heating of burning coal charcoal to play the limiting displacement when winter, lightened environmental pollution pressure.
The technical problem of the utility model is solved by following technical scheme:
a multi-grade waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system comprises an organic Rankine cycle unit and a heat pump unit, and is characterized in that,
the organic rankine cycle unit at least comprises a multi-inlet evaporator, an expander and a condenser, wherein a multi-grade waste heat medium is introduced into a hot side of the multi-inlet evaporator, the multi-grade waste heat medium at least comprises flue gas, and a cold-side steam outlet of the multi-inlet evaporator is communicated with a cold-side water inlet of the multi-inlet evaporator after sequentially passing through the expander and the condenser through a pipeline;
-the heat pump unit comprises at least a generator, an absorber, a heat pump evaporator, a heat pump condenser, a throttle valve, a cooling tower, and a solution heat exchanger, wherein heat exchange components are arranged in the generator, the absorber, the heat pump evaporator, and the heat pump condenser, wherein,
the generator is internally provided with working medium pair solution, the flue gas discharged from the hot side outlet of the multi-inlet evaporator is introduced into a heat exchange part of the generator through a pipeline and heats the working medium pair solution, the working medium pair solution is converted into working medium concentrated solution and working medium steam after being heated, wherein the working medium steam is introduced into the heat pump condenser through a pipeline, and the working medium concentrated solution is introduced into the absorber after passing through the hot side of the solution heat exchanger through a pipeline;
the heat exchange part in the heat pump condenser is used for condensing the working medium water vapor introduced into the heat pump condenser into liquid working medium water, and the liquid working medium water is depressurized through the throttle valve through a pipeline and then is introduced into the heat pump evaporator;
the heat exchange part in the heat pump evaporator forms a circulation loop with the cold side of the condenser through a pipeline with a valve on one hand, and forms another circulation loop with a cold user unit through a pipeline with a valve on the other hand, and the cold side of the condenser forms another circulation loop with the cooling tower through a pipeline with a valve on the other hand; the heat exchange part in the heat pump evaporator evaporates low-pressure liquid working medium water introduced into the heat pump evaporator into low-pressure working medium water vapor, the low-pressure working medium water vapor is conveyed into the absorber through a pipeline and is mixed with the working medium concentrated solution to form working medium dilute solution, and the working medium dilute solution passes through the cold side of the solution heat exchanger through a pipeline and is introduced into the generator;
the heat exchange parts in the absorber and the heat pump condenser are mutually connected in series to form a heat exchange part, the heat exchange part and a heat user unit form a circulation loop through a pipeline with a valve, and the heat exchange part and the cooling tower form another circulation loop through a pipeline with a valve.
Preferably, in the organic Rankine cycle unit, the expander is in transmission connection with a generator.
Preferably, in the organic Rankine cycle unit, a water pump is arranged on a cold-side water inlet pipeline of the multi-inlet evaporator.
Preferably, a solution pump is arranged on the cold side pipeline and/or the hot side pipeline of the solution heat exchanger.
Preferably, the outlet end of the heat exchange component in the heat pump condenser is respectively communicated with the water inlets of the heat consumer unit and the cooling tower, and the water return ports of the heat consumer unit and the cooling tower are both communicated with the inlet end of the heat exchange component in the absorber.
Preferably, the multi-level waste heat utilization organic rankine cycle system comprises a heating mode and a cooling mode.
Further, when the multi-grade waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system is in a heating mode, the heat exchange component formed by serially connecting the heat exchange components in the absorber and the heat pump condenser is in an open state with a circulation loop formed by the hot user unit, and is in a closed state with a circulation loop formed by the cooling tower; a heat exchange component in the heat pump evaporator, wherein a circulation loop formed by the heat exchange component and the cold side of the condenser is in an open state, and a circulation loop formed by the heat exchange component and the cold user unit is in a closed state; the cold side of the condenser is also in a closed state with the circulation loop formed by the cooling tower.
Further, when the multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system is in a refrigeration mode, the heat exchange component formed by serially connecting the heat exchange components in the absorber and the heat pump condenser is in a closed state with a circulation loop formed by the hot user unit, and is in an open state with a circulation loop formed by the cooling tower; and the heat exchange part in the heat pump evaporator is in a closed state with a circulation loop formed by the cold side of the condenser, is in an open state with a circulation loop formed by the cold user unit, and is in an open state with a circulation loop formed by the cold side of the condenser and the cooling tower.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a many grades of waste heat utilization organic rankine cycle system, each grade waste heat is when collecting the import evaporimeter at most, and the heat that comes from waste heat such as blast furnace flue gas is absorbed to the import evaporimeter more to heat into the steam form with the cycle medium, steam passes through the expander and does work afterwards. The heat pump unit adopts an absorption heat pump form, and fully utilizes a low-grade heat source to pump heat from a low-temperature heat source to a high-temperature heat source. The heat pump system operates on the same principle as a refrigerator, and operates according to a reverse Carnot cycle, and the heat pump functions to extract heat from the surrounding environment and transfer the heat to the object to be heated. The utility model discloses a many grades of waste heat utilization organic rankine cycle system, be applicable to the overwhelming majority area of our country, the system can start respectively winter and summer and heat and the refrigeration mode, under the mode of heating, the condenser among the organic rankine cycle system links to each other with the evaporimeter in the heat pump system, the evaporimeter absorbs the heat that comes from the exhaust steam release after the waste heat does work, under the effect of a series of heat exchangers, the user utilizes the heat that gives off from the condenser, under the refrigeration mode, condenser among the organic rankine cycle system meets with the cooling tower, in order to reach the purpose that refrigeration utilized cold volume.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the organic Rankine cycle system utilizing multi-grade waste heat according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system of the present invention includes an organic Rankine cycle unit and a heat pump unit. The organic Rankine cycle unit mainly comprises a multi-inlet evaporator 1, an expander 2, a generator 3, a condenser 4, a water pump 5 and the like. The hot side of the multi-inlet evaporator 1 is introduced with multi-grade waste heat media, the multi-grade waste heat media at least comprise blast furnace flue gas, a cold side steam outlet of the multi-inlet evaporator 1 is communicated with a cold side water inlet of the multi-inlet evaporator after sequentially passing through the expansion machine 2 and the condenser 4 through pipelines, and the expansion machine 2 is in transmission connection with the generator 3 and used for converting energy generated by circulation into electric energy and outputting the electric energy to the outside.
The heat pump unit mainly comprises a generator 10, an absorber 7, a heat pump evaporator 6, a heat pump condenser 11, a throttle valve 12, a cooling tower 13, a solution heat exchanger 9, a solution pump 8 and the like. The generator 10, the absorber 7, the heat pump evaporator 6 and the heat pump condenser 11 are all provided with heat exchange components. The generator 10 contains working medium pair solution, the flue gas discharged from the hot side outlet of the multi-inlet evaporator 1 is introduced into the heat exchange part of the generator 10 through a pipeline and heats the working medium pair solution, the working medium pair solution is converted into working medium concentrated solution and working medium water vapor after being heated, wherein the working medium water vapor is introduced into the heat pump condenser 11 through a pipeline, and the working medium concentrated solution is introduced into the absorber 7 after passing through the hot side of the solution heat exchanger 9 through a pipeline; the heat exchange part in the heat pump condenser 11 is used for condensing the working medium water vapor introduced into the heat pump condenser into liquid working medium water, and the liquid working medium water is depressurized by the throttle valve 12 through a pipeline and then is introduced into the heat pump evaporator 6; the heat exchange components in the heat pump evaporator 6 form, on the one hand, a circulation loop with the cold side of the condenser 4 via lines with valves 20, 21 and, on the other hand, a further circulation loop with the cold consumer unit via lines with valves 18, 19, the cold side of the condenser 4 also forming a further circulation loop with the cooling tower 13 via lines with valves 14, 15; and the heat exchange part in the heat pump evaporator 6 evaporates the low-pressure liquid working medium water introduced into the heat pump evaporator 6 into low-pressure working medium water vapor, the low-pressure working medium water vapor is conveyed into the absorber 7 through a pipeline and is mixed with the working medium concentrated solution therein to form working medium dilute solution, and the working medium dilute solution passes through the pipeline and is introduced into the generator after passing through the cold side of the solution heat exchanger 9. The absorber 7 and the heat exchange part in the heat pump condenser 11 are connected in series to form a heat exchange part, the heat exchange part forms a circulation loop with the heat consumer unit through a pipeline with valves 22 and 23, and the heat exchange part forms another circulation loop with the cooling tower through a pipeline with valves 16 and 17.
The utility model provides an usable multi-grade waste heat of many imports evaporimeter 1, the design of many imports can be as much as possible utilize waste heat such as blast furnace flue gas, high temperature coke, cold slag water, and the resource has been practiced thrift to such many imports evaporimeter, has reduced the loss of middle in-process energy, has improved the utilization efficiency and the economic nature of waste heat. When the waste heat of each grade is collected to the multi-inlet evaporator 1, the evaporator absorbs the heat of the waste heat from the flue gas of the blast furnace and the like, the circulating working medium is heated into a steam form, then the steam works through the expansion machine 2, and the expansion machine 2 is in transmission connection with the engine 3, so that the energy form is converted into electric energy to be output.
The heat pump unit adopts an absorption heat pump form, can fully utilize a low-grade heat source, and realizes the pumping of heat from a low-temperature heat source to a high-temperature heat source. Absorption heat pumps operate on the same principle as refrigerators and operate according to a reverse Carnot cycle, and heat pumps function to extract heat from the surrounding environment and transfer it to a heated object. The functions of the main components in the heat pump unit are as follows: the generator 10 heats working medium pair solution in the generator 10 by using high-temperature flue gas in the waste heat collected by the multi-inlet evaporator 1, so that working medium water is changed into steam, and dilute solution is changed into concentrated solution; the heat pump condenser 11, the cycle working medium steam from generator 10 condenses into liquid in the heat pump condenser 11, release the heat at the same time; the throttle valve 12, the high pressure, temperature cycle working medium liquid of the valve changes into the cycle working medium saturation gas, saturated liquid mixture of the pressure, temperature lower after the throttle valve, namely the wet steam; the heat pump evaporator 6 absorbs heat of a low-temperature heat source in the heat pump evaporator by using circulating working medium wet steam with lower pressure and temperature to change into saturated gas; the absorber 7 is used for sucking the circulating working medium generated in the heat pump evaporator 6 into the absorber 7 by utilizing the stronger absorption capacity of the working medium to the circulating working medium of the solution; the solution pump 8 is used for continuously feeding the working medium dilute solution in the absorber 7 into the generator 10 and keeping the solution amount in the absorber 7 and the generator 10 to be stable; a solution valve responsible for regulating the amount of solution flowing from the generator 10 into the absorber 7; the solution heat exchanger 9 is used as a part for carrying out heat exchange between the dilute solution flowing out of the absorber 7 and the concentrated solution flowing out of the generator 10, so that the temperature of the dilute solution entering the absorber 7 is reduced, the absorption capacity of the solution in the absorber 7 is improved, meanwhile, the temperature of the dilute solution entering the generator 10 is increased, and the high-temperature heat energy consumption in the generator 10 is saved.
When the utility model discloses when many grades of waste heat utilization organic rankine cycle system is in the operating mode of heating, each grade waste heat is through the collection of many import evaporimeters 1, absorbs behind the heat heating cycle working medium of many grade waste heat steam through expander 2 doing work, drives the electricity generation of generator 3. And the dead steam after doing work exchanges heat through the condenser 4, the valve 20 and the valve 21 are opened, second circulating water from the heat pump evaporator 6 of the heat pump unit is heated, the dead steam is condensed into liquid state circulation again, a first circulating water path is formed through the water pump 5, and the liquid state circulation is supplied to the multi-inlet evaporator 1 again to absorb the rest heat, so that the organic Rankine cycle is formed.
In addition, in the heating condition, the valve 22 and the valve 23 are required to be opened by the heat pump unit, the heat pump evaporator 6 absorbs heat from the second circulating water loop to evaporate the circulating working medium of the heat pump unit, the working medium sucks the circulating working medium generated in the heat pump evaporator 6 into the absorber 7 through the strong absorption capacity of the absorber 7, then the solution is sent into the generator 10 through the solution pump 8, the generator 10 absorbs heat of high-grade waste heat from the multi-inlet evaporator 1, so that the working medium water is changed into water vapor, meanwhile, the circulating solution is changed into a concentrated solution, the steam exchanges heat with third circulating water of a user through the heat pump condenser 11, the heated water is used for supplying the user, the condensed steam is subjected to constant temperature decompression through the throttle valve 12 and then is subjected to heat absorption and evaporation through the heat pump evaporator 6, and a cycle is completed.
The first circulating water loop is used for absorbing heat of multi-grade waste heat and driving the generator to generate power to form a complete organic Rankine cycle system.
And in the second circulating water loop, circulating cooling water absorbs the heat of the dead steam through the condenser 4 to heat the cooling water, the cooling water with certain temperature exchanges heat through the heat pump evaporator 6, and the cooling water enters the condenser 4 after the temperature of the cooling water is reduced, so that a water cycle is completed.
And a third circulating user water loop, wherein circulating water heated by the heat pump condenser 11 is supplied to a user, unused hot water is supplied to the absorber 7 through the water pump for heat exchange, and a water loop is heated and then is subjected to heat pump condenser 11 to complete a water cycle.
When the utility model discloses when many grades of waste heat utilization organic rankine cycle system is in the refrigeration operating mode, the thermodynamic cycle of organic rankine cycle unit is the same when with the heating operating mode, and the valve of opening this moment is 14 and 15, and in the thermodynamic cycle of heat pump unit, valve 16, 17, 18, 19 are in the open mode.
And under the refrigeration working condition, the fourth circulating user water loop supplies circulating water which is evaporated and absorbs heat by the heat pump evaporator 6 to a user, and unused cold water is supplied to the heat pump evaporator 6 by the water pump for heat exchange to complete a water cycle.
In the fifth circulating water loop, the heat released in the condenser 4 is cooled by the cooling tower 13, and at the moment, the working medium circulating water at the outlet of the cooling tower 13 absorbs the heat of the heat exchanger by the absorber 7 and the heat pump condenser 11 respectively, and then is sent into the cooling tower 13 along with the circulating working medium in the condenser 4 for cooling, so that the purpose of utilizing the cold energy is achieved.
This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-grade waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system comprises an organic Rankine cycle unit and a heat pump unit, and is characterized in that,
the organic rankine cycle unit at least comprises a multi-inlet evaporator, an expander and a condenser, wherein a multi-grade waste heat medium is introduced into a hot side of the multi-inlet evaporator, the multi-grade waste heat medium at least comprises flue gas, and a cold-side steam outlet of the multi-inlet evaporator is communicated with a cold-side water inlet of the multi-inlet evaporator after sequentially passing through the expander and the condenser through a pipeline;
-the heat pump unit comprises at least a generator, an absorber, a heat pump evaporator, a heat pump condenser, a throttle valve, a cooling tower, and a solution heat exchanger, wherein heat exchange components are arranged in the generator, the absorber, the heat pump evaporator, and the heat pump condenser, wherein,
the generator is internally provided with working medium pair solution, the flue gas discharged from the hot side outlet of the multi-inlet evaporator is introduced into a heat exchange part of the generator through a pipeline and heats the working medium pair solution, the working medium pair solution is converted into working medium concentrated solution and working medium steam after being heated, wherein the working medium steam is introduced into the heat pump condenser through a pipeline, and the working medium concentrated solution is introduced into the absorber after passing through the hot side of the solution heat exchanger through a pipeline;
the heat exchange part in the heat pump condenser is used for condensing the working medium water vapor introduced into the heat pump condenser into liquid working medium water, and the liquid working medium water is depressurized through the throttle valve through a pipeline and then is introduced into the heat pump evaporator;
the heat exchange part in the heat pump evaporator forms a circulation loop with the cold side of the condenser through a pipeline with a valve on one hand, and forms another circulation loop with a cold user unit through a pipeline with a valve on the other hand, and the cold side of the condenser forms another circulation loop with the cooling tower through a pipeline with a valve on the other hand; the heat exchange part in the heat pump evaporator evaporates low-pressure liquid working medium water introduced into the heat pump evaporator into low-pressure working medium water vapor, the low-pressure working medium water vapor is conveyed into the absorber through a pipeline and is mixed with the working medium concentrated solution to form working medium dilute solution, and the working medium dilute solution passes through the cold side of the solution heat exchanger through a pipeline and is introduced into the generator;
the heat exchange parts in the absorber and the heat pump condenser are mutually connected in series to form a heat exchange part, the heat exchange part and a heat user unit form a circulation loop through a pipeline with a valve, and the heat exchange part and the cooling tower form another circulation loop through a pipeline with a valve.
2. The multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 1, wherein the expander is in transmission connection with a generator in the organic Rankine cycle unit.
3. The multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 1, wherein a water pump is arranged on a cold-side water inlet pipeline of the multi-inlet evaporator in the organic Rankine cycle unit.
4. The multi-grade waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 1, wherein a solution pump is arranged on the cold side pipeline and/or the hot side pipeline of the solution heat exchanger.
5. The multi-grade waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 1, wherein outlet ends of heat exchange components in the heat pump condenser are respectively communicated with water inlets of the hot user unit and the cooling tower, and water return ports of the hot user unit and the cooling tower are respectively communicated with inlet ends of the heat exchange components in the absorber.
6. The multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system of claim 1, wherein the multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system comprises a heating mode and a cooling mode.
7. The multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 6, wherein when the multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system is in a heating mode, the heat exchange component formed by the heat exchange components in the absorber and the heat pump condenser connected in series is in an open state with a circulation loop formed by the hot user unit and is in a closed state with a circulation loop formed by the cooling tower; a heat exchange component in the heat pump evaporator, wherein a circulation loop formed by the heat exchange component and the cold side of the condenser is in an open state, and a circulation loop formed by the heat exchange component and the cold user unit is in a closed state; the cold side of the condenser is also in a closed state with the circulation loop formed by the cooling tower.
8. The multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 6, wherein when the multi-level waste heat utilization organic Rankine cycle system is in a cooling mode, the heat exchange component formed by the heat exchange components in the absorber and the heat pump condenser connected in series is in a closed state with a circulation loop formed by the hot user unit and is in an open state with a circulation loop formed by the cooling tower; and the heat exchange part in the heat pump evaporator is in a closed state with a circulation loop formed by the cold side of the condenser, is in an open state with a circulation loop formed by the cold user unit, and is in an open state with a circulation loop formed by the cold side of the condenser and the cooling tower.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114440490A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-06 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Water chilling unit |
| CN115560494A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-01-03 | 荏原冷热系统（中国）有限公司 | Refrigerating system capable of secondarily utilizing waste heat |
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2019
- 2019-01-16 CN CN201920073427.2U patent/CN209910217U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114440490A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-06 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Water chilling unit |
| CN114440490B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2024-02-09 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Water chilling unit |
| CN115560494A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-01-03 | 荏原冷热系统（中国）有限公司 | Refrigerating system capable of secondarily utilizing waste heat |
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