WO2009059562A1

WO2009059562A1 - A pneumatic-thermal expansion type cycling method and the apparatus thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2009059562A1
Application number: PCT/CN2008/072934
Authority: WO
Inventors: Zhirong Luo
Original assignee: Zhirong Luo
Priority date: 2007-11-05
Filing date: 2008-11-04
Publication date: 2009-05-14
Also published as: CN101784847B; CN101784847A

Abstract

An apparatus for realizing a pneumatic-thermal expansion type cycling method includes a condenser (6), a low temperature liquid generator (1), a low temperature heat exchanger (3) and a heat collector (4) arranged according to the horizontal height from up to down. The outlet of the upper component is connected with the inlet of the lower component adjacent to the upper component. The outlet of the heat collector (4) is connected with the inlet of a heat-work exchanger (5). The outlet of the heat-work exchanger (5) is connected with the inlet of the condenser (6). The outlets and inlets of each component are connected hermetically by pipes and a coolant medium is sealed in the hermetical cycling system.

Description

Air pressure-thermal expansion type circulation method and device thereof

[1] The present invention relates to a thermodynamic cycle of engineering thermodynamics, and more particularly to a refrigeration (heat) and thermal engine thermodynamic cycle that can use low grade thermal energy as a power source.

Background technique

[2] It is well known in the field of engineering thermodynamics: The existing thermodynamic cycle technology can be divided into positive circulation and reverse circulation according to the effect and direction of the thermodynamic cycle. All heat engines work in a positive cycle, with representative steam

The Power Rankine Cycle' consists mainly of pumps, boilers, steam turbines and condensers. During the forward circulation process, the circulating working fluid uses the heat of the water pump and the high-temperature heat source of the boiler as the circulating power. The vaporized circulating working medium converts part of the heat into the useful work by the steam turbine for external heat exchange, and the other part of the heat is used as the low-temperature heat source for condensation. The device is exothermic.

The positive circulation effect is to consume high-temperature thermal energy and output mechanical energy to the outside. The reverse cycle is to transfer heat from low-temperature objects to high-temperature objects.

Compressed inverse Carnot (ideal) cycle, the device consists mainly of a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator (low temperature heat exchanger). In the reverse cycle, the circulating medium uses the compressor input mechanical energy as the circulating power, and absorbs heat in the low-temperature heat exchanger as a low-temperature heat source, and releases heat to the condenser as a high-temperature heat source. The reverse cycle effect is to consume mechanical energy to achieve refrigeration (heat

) Purpose. The above two representative circulatory system devices require the circulating working fluid to be cycled and renewed in the same cycle, and the quality is constant, and the corresponding components are connected by pipes or directly sealed.

Form a corresponding closed system circulation device. The existing thermodynamic cycle technology and its equipment can be published from the China Mechanical Industry Press, and the book "Thermal Power Dynamics" edited by Jiang Zuxing is cited. Currently, universal application of refrigeration (heat

) and thermal engine units, which consume non-renewable energy in either forward or reverse cycle operation. The negative impact of the large consumption of non-renewable energy on the earth's resources and environmental protection is becoming increasingly serious. Moreover, the existing popular thermal cycle device has the disadvantages of complicated mechanical structure and large noise. The above disadvantages exist because : The existing popular thermal circulation technology does not fully utilize the boiling point of the refrigerant medium, which is suitable for the heat source temperature, and the spontaneous process of the refrigerant medium state change.

Disclosure of invention

technical problem

[3] The present invention provides a pneumatic-thermal expansion type circulation method and a device thereof, in order to overcome the disadvantages of the existing popular application of the thermal cycle technology, which relies on the mechanical structure of the non-renewable energy source and the circulation device, and the noise is large. And its equipment can use low-grade thermal energy as power energy (such as solar energy, environmental water, temperature and heat energy), drive refrigerant refrigerant circulation, and can obtain refrigeration and heating simultaneously.

And output mechanical energy effects outward.

Technical solution

[4] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: 气压Pneumatic-thermal expansion type circulation method

, in the closed circulation system, the refrigerant working medium undergoes the following A-E-series state changes,

Re-return to the original initial state after completing the one-week cycle: A

Under the action of pressure, the refrigerant medium is passed through the cold liquid.

The mixed gas space adiabatically expands to generate low temperature liquid and low temperature refrigerant vapor; B

By the reverse force of the system and the total pressure of the mixed gas composed of the refrigerant vapor and the auxiliary gas, the mixed gas pushes the refrigerant working medium to work externally, and condenses the low temperature liquid;

The action of the low temperature liquid enters the low temperature heat source constant pressure endotherm and the sensible heat rises, no phase change occurs; D, the sensible heat rises the low temperature liquid force to enter the high temperature heat source to generate the high temperature refrigerant vapor; E, high temperature refrigerant vapor Under the action of the pressure difference, it enters the heat of another low-temperature heat source, cools to become the supercooled liquid under the condensing pressure, establishes and maintains the condensing pressure, and returns to the state of step A.

[5] During the refrigerant working cycle, when the sum of the condensing pressure and the static pressure of the subcooled liquid column is greater than the total pressure of the mixed gas 吋, the supercooled liquid enters

Mixed gas space (according to Pascal principle), adiabatic expansion between low temperature or low pressure refrigerant vapor partial pressure environment and auxiliary gas molecules, thermodynamics of supercooled liquid can reduce low temperature wet steam (ie low temperature liquid and low temperature refrigerant vapor);吋, the pressure potential of the low-temperature refrigerant vapor increases, resulting in an increase in the total pressure of the mixed gas. Under the action of the condensing pressure and the static pressure of the supercooled liquid column or the mechanically set reverse force, and the total pressure of the mixed gas composed of the refrigerant vapor and the auxiliary gas, the mixed gas pushes the refrigerant working medium to work externally; The external heat exchange of the mixed gas causes the low-temperature refrigerant vapor to condense out of the low-temperature liquid, resulting in a decrease in the total pressure of the mixed gas, and the system outputs mechanical energy to the outside (according to the first law of thermodynamics). The cryogenic liquid generated by expansion and coagulation is settled in the bottom of the mixed gas space by gravity, and enters the low temperature heat source under the action of the combined force of gravity or the combined pressure of the mixed gas and the static pressure of the cryogenic liquid column (corresponding to the reverse cycle low temperature heat source)

), the heat of the low-temperature heat source is absorbed under the pressure of the total mixed gas pressure or the static pressure of the low-temperature liquid column, and the sensible heat is raised, and no phase change occurs. The sensible heat-raising cryogenic liquid enters the high-temperature heat source (corresponding to the forward-circulating high-temperature heat source) by the combined force of gravity or the combined pressure of the mixed gas and the static component of the cryogenic liquid column, and combines or condenses the total pressure of the mixed gas or the static pressure of the cryogenic liquid column. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor is generated by absorbing the heat of the high-temperature heat source under pressure. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor enters another low-temperature heat source (corresponding to a forward-circulating low-temperature heat source) under the combined force of the mixed gas or the combined pressure of the cryogenic liquid column and the pressure of the condensing pressure, and releases heat under the condensing pressure, and cools into a supercooled liquid. And establish and maintain condensing pressure. At this point, the refrigerant medium completes a cycle and returns to the original supercooled state, and repeats the cycle. Select a refrigerant with a standard boiling point suitable for obtaining the heat source temperature, when the high temperature heat source reaches the temperature

The refrigerant refrigerant saturation temperature corresponding to the combined pressure of the combined gas or the combined pressure of the cryogenic liquid column or the condensing pressure

Above, the refrigerant in the refrigerant fluid is boiled into high-temperature refrigerant vapor, and the system can enter the cyclic operation state. Therefore, the circulation method can use low-grade thermal energy as the circulating power of the refrigerant working medium, and can output mechanical power to the outside during the external work process, and can obtain the cooling effect in the heat exchange of the low-temperature heat source, and the heat exchange can be achieved in another low-temperature heat source. Heating purpose; system operation can obtain refrigeration and heating

And output mechanical energy effects.

The mixed gas promotes the work of the refrigerant medium to exchange work for external work. The refrigerant medium is used as a medium to push the heat work to convert the machine to work externally, and convert some of the heat energy in the mixed gas into

Mechanical energy is output to the outside of the system;

Should choose a larger refrigerant working medium specific volume, can also increase the refrigerant working medium specific volume by heating or increase the driving force of the mixed gas to meet the amount of work required for the heat exchange of the mixed gas, so that the circulating system refrigerant The working fluid runs in a steady flow state.

The mixed gas is composed of an auxiliary gas working medium and a refrigerant working medium in a mixed gas space. The sum of the auxiliary gas working fluid partial pressure and the refrigerant vapor working fluid partial pressure in the mixed gas space is equal to the total mixed gas pressure ( According to Dalton's law of partial pressure);

The auxiliary gas working pressure is set according to the operating pressure of the cryogenic liquid and the condensing pressure of the refrigerant working, so that the total mixed gas pressure is less than or equal to the condensing pressure.

The mixed gas space is an opening system with an inlet and outlet, in which a certain pressure of auxiliary gas working medium is stored to establish a total mixed gas pressure; and a sufficient space volume is provided for the supercooled liquid, and a low temperature or low pressure refrigerant medium partial pressure is provided. Environment, adiabatic expansion; In order to avoid the external heat transfer and affect the partial pressure of low-temperature refrigerant vapor, heat insulation and insulation measures must be taken to affect the heat transfer.

Reduce to a negligible level. Auxiliary gas working fluid

The standard boiling point is lower than the standard boiling point of the refrigerant. Select the ideal working group pair to make the auxiliary

The gas working fluid is dry saturated or superheated steam gas at the operating temperature of the cryogenic liquid, and is completely separated from the cryogenic liquid.

[6] The technical solution of the device for carrying out the circulation method of the invention is: in the closed circulation system, the inlet and outlet of each component are directly connected by a pipe or directly sealed, so that the low temperature liquid generator outlet, the low temperature heat exchanger, the heat collector (or the heat work) The switch, the heat work exchanger (or collector), the condenser and the cryogen generator inlet are sequentially connected; the system is filled with the refrigerant medium under vacuum, and the auxiliary gas working medium is stored in the low temperature liquid generator. The heat work switch used in the invention device is a heat work conversion machine, which is a component that drives the impeller to rotate smoothly by the refrigerant medium, and avoids the compressor used in the heat cycle technology of the existing popular application, because of the compressed gas and vibration. The generated noise; its structure is simple and the noise is small.

The heat work switch is designed to output the work capacity according to the requirement of converting the thermal energy on demand. The refrigerant medium is used as the push medium to output the power to the mechanical parts. The structure is mainly provided by the sliding body of the body casing with the working medium inlet and outlet. The impeller is rotated, and the impeller shaft extends out of the body casing to connect a certain mechanical load. The low-temperature liquid generator is used as a mixed gas space, and is mainly composed of an auxiliary gas working medium for storing a certain pressure in a heat-insulated rigid open container. The upper opening is a supercooled liquid inlet, and the lower opening is a low-temperature liquid outlet. As a low-temperature heat source, the low-temperature heat exchanger is a heat exchange device that absorbs external heat by sensible heat of liquid. The condenser acts as another low temperature heat source and is a high temperature refrigerant vapor.

A heat exchange device that discharges heat to the outside, in which the refrigerant medium flows from top to bottom. The collector acts as a high-temperature heat source and absorbs heat generated in any way above the temperature of the refrigerant.

Beneficial effect

[7] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: low-grade thermal energy can be used, and clean energy is easily obtained. (such as solar energy, environmental water, temperature and heat energy) as the circulating power of refrigerant

To achieve the purpose of cooling (heat) and obtaining mechanical energy, thus changing the existing popular application of thermal cycle technology depends on the consumption of non-renewable energy. The only mechanical rotating component of the circulation device of the present invention is a thermal power exchanger, which has a simple structure and low noise.

DRAWINGS

[8] Figure 1 is a pressure-thermal expansion cycle p-h (pressure-焓) diagram.

2 is a schematic view of a system of a pneumatic-thermal expansion type circulation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic view of a system of a pneumatic-thermal expansion type circulation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[11] In the above figures, 1. cryogenic liquid generator, 2. solenoid valve, 3. low temperature heat exchanger, 4. collector, 5. heat power switch, 6. condenser, 7. check valve, 8. Solenoid valve, 9. Solenoid valve, 10. Check valve, 11. Three-way check valve,

12'. booster collector, 12'. booster collector, 6'. condenser, 6'. condenser, 16. check valve, 17. check valve

, 19. Solenoid valve.

Embodiments of the invention

[12] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[13] In Fig. 1, the state change process of the refrigerant working medium for one cycle is: & the state of the subcooled liquid is expanded to a point b state by adiabatic cooling, and the low temperature refrigerant vapor of the wet steam of the b point state is externally coagulated to form a low temperature liquid. And it forms a c-point state with the low-temperature liquid generated by the expansion, the c-point state low-temperature liquid constant-pressure endotherm and the sensible heat rises to the d-point state, the d-point state sensible heat rises the low-temperature liquid to absorb the heat into the e-point state, and the e-point state high-temperature refrigerant The steam is released into a & point state.

[14] Example 1:

[15] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the components of the circulation device of the present invention are connected by a pipe or a direct sealing connection: the condenser 6, the check valve 7, and the solenoid valve 8 are arranged in order from the top to the bottom in the horizontal direction. , low temperature liquid generator 1, solenoid valve 2, low temperature heat exchanger 3, solenoid valve 9 and heat collector 4; the outlet of the low temperature liquid generator 1 is connected to the inlet of the solenoid valve 2, the outlet of the solenoid valve 2 and the low temperature heat exchanger 3 The inlet connection, the outlet of the low temperature heat exchanger 3 is connected to the inlet of the solenoid valve 9, the outlet of the solenoid valve 9 is connected to the inlet of the collector 4, the outlet of the collector 4 is connected to the inlet of the heat power switch 5, and the outlet of the heat power switch 5 is connected to the condenser 6 The intermediate interface is connected, the lower end outlet of the condenser 6 is connected to the inlet of the check valve 7, the outlet of the check valve 7 is connected to the inlet of the electromagnetic valve 8, the outlet of the electromagnetic valve 8 is connected to the inlet of the low temperature liquid generator 1, and the upper end of the condenser 6 is connected to the one side. Valve 10 inlet connection, check valve 10 outlet and cryogenic fluid The gas return port of the device 1 is connected; an appropriate amount of the working medium composed of the refrigerant medium and the auxiliary gas working medium is selected, the refrigerant working medium is sealed in the circulation system, and the auxiliary gas working medium is stored in the low temperature liquid generator 1; Form a closed system thermodynamic cycle device. The refrigerant working medium can be a refrigerant working medium commonly used in the technical field, and the auxiliary gas can be selected as an inert gas, as long as the two do not chemically react, and the standard boiling point of the auxiliary gas working medium is lower than the standard boiling point of the refrigerant working medium.

[16] In this embodiment, the mixed gas composed of the refrigerant vapor and the auxiliary gas pushes the high-temperature refrigerant vapor to flow through the heat-work exchanger 5, and increases the certain pressure by increasing the specific temperature of the sensible heat-raising low-temperature liquid to become the high-temperature refrigerant vapor. The unit mass sensible heat rises the amount of work of the low temperature liquid to achieve the amount of work required for the external heat exchange of the mixed gas.

[17] Set the refrigerant working fluid condensation pressure according to the temperature of the solar energy, ambient water or temperature heat source and set the temperature of the supercooled liquid according to the cooling conditions. Set the total pressure of the mixed gas in the low temperature liquid generator 1 in the system operation to be equal to the refrigerant pressure of the refrigerant.

[18] According to the mixed gas, the mass of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor is equal to the product of the total gas pressure and the specific volume of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor per unit mass. The unit mass of the cryogenic liquid is equal to the unit mass of the supercooled liquid and the unit mass. The difference between the refrigerant vapor and the amount of work is determined to determine the saturation temperature and saturation pressure of the cryogenic liquid.

[19] According to the cryogenic liquid running saturation pressure, the auxiliary gas working fluid partial pressure is adjusted so that the sum of the cryogenic liquid running saturation pressure and the auxiliary gas working fluid partial pressure is equal to the total mixed gas pressure.

[20] After the circulation device is put into operation, firstly, the solenoid valve 9 is opened, so that the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature heat exchanger 3 enters the collector 4 to absorb heat to establish a condensation pressure; when the condensation pressure is equal to or close to the total pressure of the mixed gas, the solenoid valve 2 and the solenoid valve 8 is opened simultaneously, and the circulation device enters the running state. When the refrigerant in the collector 4 absorbs external heat (from solar energy, ambient water or temperature heat energy, etc.) to reach the saturation temperature and above corresponding to the total pressure of the mixed gas, the condenser 6 is equal to the total pressure of the mixed gas. Condensing pressure, under the action of the sum of the condensing pressure and the static pressure of the supercooled liquid column being greater than the total pressure of the mixed gas, the supercooled liquid at point a in Fig. 1 enters the adiabatic expansion of the low temperature liquid generator 1 to generate the low temperature liquid and the low temperature refrigerant vapor. Figure 1 shows the wet steam at point b; due to the condensing pressure and the static pressure of the subcooled liquid column or the reverse force of the check valve 7, the mixed gas in the low temperature liquid generator 1 passes through the pipe of the low temperature heat exchanger 3 to directly promote the heat collection. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor in the device 4 enters the heat-work switch 5 to perform external work (output mechanical power to the outside), and the supercooled liquid expands and performs external work to become the point c in Fig. 1 State low temperature liquid; low temperature liquid enters the low temperature heat exchanger 3 by gravity, absorbs external heat (refrigeration) under the total pressure of the mixed gas and becomes the sensible heat rising temperature liquid of d point in Fig. 1; the sensible heat rising low temperature liquid is affected by gravity Entering the collector 4, absorbing external heat (from solar energy, ambient water or temperature heat energy, etc.) under the total pressure of the mixed gas, generating high-temperature refrigerant vapor in the state of point e in Fig. 1; pressure in the total pressure of the mixed gas and the pressure of the condensing pressure Under the action of the difference, the mixed gas pushes the high-temperature refrigerant vapor through the heat-work exchanger 5 to enter the condenser 6, and discharges heat (heating) to the outside under the condensing pressure, and cools to become the supercooled liquid at the point a in Fig. 1 and maintains the condensing pressure. The refrigerant medium in the system absorbs external heat in the heat collector 4 and vaporizes, and performs a cycle of repeated cycles. In order to prevent the auxiliary gas working fluid from entering the condenser 6 and affecting the normal operation of the system, the total pressure of the mixed gas in the low temperature liquid generator 1 is at the operating pressure 吋, maintaining the heat absorption state of the collector 4 in normal operation, and closing the electromagnetic valve 2 And the solenoid valve 8, the auxiliary gas working medium which is not completely separated and collected in the upper portion of the condenser 6 is returned to the low temperature liquid generator 1 via the check valve 10. When the circulation device stops running, the solenoid valve 9 is closed to retain the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature heat exchanger 3; meanwhile, the solenoid valve 2 and the solenoid valve 8 are closed to maintain the refrigerant medium in the low temperature liquid generator 1 at a low temperature or a low pressure state. It is convenient for the next operation and maintenance of the system equipment. The cryogenic liquid generator 1 is provided with three interfaces, wherein the upper interface is an auxiliary gas working fluid recovery inlet. In operation, any cross section of the low temperature heat exchanger 3 has a mixed gas and a cryogenic liquid, and the low temperature liquid flows from top to bottom. The heat collector 4 is a heat absorbing container having two interfaces, the upper interface of which is a refrigerant working medium inlet, and the lower interface is an outlet; the different working fluids have different standard boiling points, and the internal mixed gas is heated to separate the auxiliary gas workers. The refrigerant and the refrigerant medium are sealed between the inlet of the low temperature liquid generator 1 and the outlet of the heat collector 4. The condenser 6 has three interface heat exchange devices, wherein the intermediate interface is a refrigerant working medium inlet and the bottom interface is an outlet; the upper end portion is an auxiliary gas working medium collecting space and has an interface.

[21] Example 2:

[22] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the inlet and outlet of each component of the circulation device are connected by a pipe or a direct sealing connection: the outlet of the cryogenic liquid generator 1 is connected to the inlet of the solenoid valve 2, the outlet of the solenoid valve 2 and the inlet of the low temperature heat exchanger 3 Connection, the outlet of the low temperature heat exchanger 3 is connected to the inlet of the solenoid valve 19, the outlet of the solenoid valve 19 is connected to the inlet of the heat power switch 5, the outlet of the heat power switch 5 is connected to the inlet of the heat collector 4, and the outlet of the heat collector 4 is connected to the three-way one-way. The inlet of the valve 11 is connected; the two outlets of the three-way check valve 11 are respectively connected to the inlet of the condenser 6' and the condenser 6, and the outlet of the condenser 6' is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve 16, the outlet of the condenser 6" and the check valve 17 The inlet connection, the one-way valve 16 and the one-way valve 17 outlet are combined with the inlet of the solenoid valve 8, and the outlet of the solenoid valve 8 is connected to the inlet of the cryogen generator 1; the booster collector 12' is connected The port is connected to the condenser ₆ ' intermediate interface, and the booster collector 12" interface is connected with the condenser 6" intermediate interface; an appropriate amount of the refrigerant pair and the auxiliary gas working medium are selected to form the working medium to make the refrigerant medium Sealed in the circulation system, the auxiliary gas working medium is stored in the low temperature liquid generator 1; thereby forming a closed system thermodynamic cycle device.

[23] In this embodiment, the refrigerant liquid is driven by the mixed gas composed of the refrigerant vapor and the auxiliary gas to flow through the heat work exchanger 5, and the external heat of the mixed gas is achieved by increasing the total pressure of the mixed gas and selecting a large specific volume refrigerant liquid. The amount of work required for the exchange of work.

[24] Set the maximum condensing pressure of the refrigerant working medium according to the temperature of the solar energy, ambient water or temperature heat source, and set the temperature of the supercooling liquid according to the cooling conditions. Set the total mixed gas pressure in the low temperature liquid generator 1 during system operation to be less than or equal to the maximum condensing pressure of the refrigerant medium.

[25] According to the mixed gas, the mass of the cryogenic liquid is equal to the product of the total pressure of the mixed gas and the specific volume of the cryogenic liquid per unit mass. The unit mass of the cryogenic liquid is equal to the unit mass of the supercooled liquid and the unit mass of the cryogenic liquid. The difference between the quantities determines the saturation temperature and saturation pressure of the cryogenic liquid.

[26] According to the cryogenic liquid running saturation pressure, the auxiliary gas working fluid partial pressure is adjusted so that the sum of the cryogenic liquid running saturation pressure and the auxiliary gas working fluid partial pressure is equal to the total mixed gas pressure.

[27] After the circulation device is operated, firstly, the solenoid valve 19 is opened, so that the refrigerant liquid in the low-temperature heat exchanger 3 enters the collector 4 to absorb external heat (from solar energy, ambient water or temperature heat energy) to establish a condensing pressure; When the pressure is equal to or close to the total pressure of the mixed gas, the solenoid valve 2 and the solenoid valve 8 are simultaneously opened, and the circulation device enters the running state. When one of the outlets of the three-way check valve 11 is closed, the condenser 6' connected thereto has completed the high-temperature refrigerant vapor entering process, and some of the supercooled liquid absorbs external heat in the booster collector 12' (from the solar energy , ambient water or temperature heat energy) produces the highest condensing pressure. When the sum of the condensing pressure and the static pressure of the subcooled liquid column is greater than the total pressure of the mixed gas, the supercooled liquid at point a in Figure 1 enters the cryogenic liquid generator 1 Thermal expansion, generating low temperature liquid and low temperature refrigerant vapor to become wet steam at point b in Fig. 1; subject to condensing pressure and subcooling liquid column static pressure or reverse force of check valve 16 and check valve 17, cryogenic liquid generator 1 The internal mixed gas directly pushes the low temperature liquid in the low temperature heat exchanger 3 into the heat work switch 5 to perform external work (output mechanical power to the outside), and the supercooled liquid expands and performs external work to become the low temperature liquid of the point c in Fig. 1; The combination of the total pressure of the mixed gas and the static pressure of the cryogenic liquid column enters the low temperature heat exchanger 3, and absorbs external heat under the combined pressure of the combined gas total pressure and the cryogenic liquid column static pressure (refrigeration) It becomes 1 in FIG. The d-point state sensible heat-raising low-temperature liquid; the sensible heat-raising low-temperature liquid is combined with the total pressure of the mixed gas and the static pressure of the low-temperature liquid column to flow through the heat work switch 5 and enter the heat collector 4, absorbing external heat under the condensing pressure ( From the solar energy, ambient water or temperature heat energy), the high-temperature refrigerant vapor in the state of point e in Fig. 1 is generated; the high-temperature refrigerant vapor enters the three-way check valve 11, and the other outlet that is opened enters the condenser of the lowest condensing pressure state 6 ", discharge heat to the outside (heating) and cool to a point of state supercooled liquid. Because the three-way check valve has the same feature that when one of the outlets is closed, and the other outlet is opened, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor alternately enters the condensation. 6' and condenser 6". When the supercooled liquid in the condenser 6" enters the low temperature liquid generator 1 under the condensing pressure generated by the pressurized heat collector 12" and the static pressure of the supercooled liquid column, the refrigerant working medium repeats the above change process and repeats the cycle. After the circulation device stops running, the electromagnetic valve 19 is closed to retain the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature heat exchanger 3; meanwhile, the electromagnetic valve 2 and the electromagnetic valve 8 are closed to maintain the refrigerant working medium in the low temperature liquid generator 1 at a low temperature or a low pressure state. It is convenient for the next operation and maintenance of the system equipment. The booster collector 12" and the booster collector 12' are heat absorbing containers having only one interface, mainly absorbing external heat to achieve the highest condensing pressure. The heat collector 4 is a heat absorbing container having two interfaces. The lower interface is the refrigerant medium inlet and the upper part is the outlet. The three-way check valve 11 is coaxially sealed by the inlets of the two through-way check valves, the connection outlet interface is the inlet, and the two straight-through check valve pistons are A connecting rod is connected on the axial line, and when one of the outlets is closed, the other outlet is opened. The condenser 6' and the condenser 6" are heat exchange devices having three interfaces, and the refrigerant medium is discharged and the opening between the inlets is Intermediate interface. After the system is running, the low temperature heat exchanger 3 is filled with the low temperature liquid, and the auxiliary gas working medium is sealed between the inlet of the low temperature liquid generator 1 and the low temperature liquid surface of the collector low temperature heat exchanger 3 by the liquid seal feature.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Simplifications, which are equivalent replacement means, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claim

[1] A pneumatic-thermal expansion cycle method characterized in that a refrigerant working medium undergoes a state change of the following A-E-series in a closed system, and returns to the original initial state after completing one cycle:

A. Under the action of pressure, the refrigerant medium supercooled liquid enters the mixed gas space to adiabatic expansion, and generates low temperature liquid and low temperature refrigerant vapor;

B. Under the action of the system reverse force and the total pressure of the mixed gas composed of the refrigerant vapor and the auxiliary gas, the mixed gas pushes the refrigerant working medium to work externally, and condenses the low temperature liquid;

C. The effect of the low temperature liquid is forced into the low temperature heat source and the sensible heat is raised, and the phase change does not occur;

D, the effect of sensible heat and low temperature liquid into the high temperature heat source to generate high temperature refrigerant vapor;

E. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor enters the heat of another low-temperature heat source under the pressure difference, cools to become the supercooled liquid, establishes and maintains the condensing pressure, and returns to the step A state.

[2] The air pressure-thermal expansion type circulation method according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed gas pushes the refrigerant working medium to work externally, by selecting a suitable refrigerant working medium specific volume, or by increasing the refrigerant working medium ratio. Volume or driving force to achieve the amount of work required for the external heat exchange of the mixed gas.

[3] The air pressure-thermal expansion type circulation method according to claim 2, wherein the mixed gas exchanges external heat work by converting the heat energy of the mixed gas into mechanical energy by the heat work converting machine.

[4] according to claim 1

The air pressure-thermal expansion type circulation method is characterized in that: the high temperature heat source reaches the saturation temperature of the refrigerant medium corresponding to the combined force of the mixed gas and the static pressure of the low temperature liquid column or the condensing pressure, and the system enters the circulation operation. status.

[5] The air pressure-thermal expansion type circulation method according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed gas space is an opening system provided with an inlet and outlet, and a certain pressure of auxiliary gas working medium is stored therein to establish a total mixed gas. Pressure; Provide sufficient space for the subcooled liquid, and adiabatic expansion under low pressure or low pressure refrigerant working pressure.

[6] The air pressure-thermal expansion type circulation method according to claim 1 or 4 or 5, wherein: the system is operated, the total mixed gas pressure is less than or equal to the refrigerant working medium condensation pressure.

[7] The air pressure-thermal expansion type circulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The mixed gas is composed of an auxiliary gas working fluid and a refrigerant steam working medium, and the standard boiling point of the auxiliary gas working medium is lower than the standard boiling point of the refrigerant working medium.

[8] An apparatus for implementing the circulation method of claim 1, wherein: the cryogenic liquid generator outlet, the low temperature heat exchanger, the heat power switch, the heat collector, and the three-way check valve inlet are sequentially connected, The two outlets of the one-way valve are respectively connected with the inlets of the two condensers, and the outlets of the two condensers are respectively connected with the inlets of the two one-way valves, and the outlets of the two one-way valves are combined with the inlet of the low-temperature liquid generator, and the intermediate interfaces of the two condensers are respectively The pressurized collector is connected; the inlet and outlet of each component are connected by a pipe or directly sealed, and the refrigerant is sealed in a closed circulation system.

[9] The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: an intermediate interface is provided between the refrigerant working medium outlet and the inlet of the condenser.

[10] The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: the three-way check valve is coaxially sealed by an inlet of two through-way check valves, the connection outlet interface is an inlet, and two straight-through check valves are provided. The pistons are connected by a connecting rod on the axial line. When one of the outlets is closed, the other outlet is opened.

[11] A device for implementing the recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the condenser, the cryogenic liquid generator, the low temperature heat exchanger and the heat collector are arranged in order from the top to the bottom of the horizontal height, each of which is adjacent to each other The outlet of the upper part is connected to the inlet of the lower part; the outlet of the collector is connected to the inlet of the heat work switch, and the outlet of the heat work switch is connected to the inlet of the condenser; the inlet and outlet of each component are connected by a pipe or a direct seal, and the refrigerant is sealed in a closed circulation system. Inside.

[12] The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein: the collector has a structural feature of heating the internal mixed gas to separate the auxiliary gas working medium and the refrigerant working medium, and the upper interface is an inlet, below The interface is an outlet.

[13] The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein: the upper end portion of the condenser is a gas collecting space and leads to an interface.

[14] The device according to claim 8 or 11, wherein: the heat power switch is a mechanical component that is applied to a refrigerant working fluid circulation system to design a power output according to a requirement of converting thermal energy; A sliding impeller is arranged in the outer casing of the working body with the working fluid inlet and outlet, and the impeller rotating shaft extends out of the outer casing to connect a certain mechanical load.

[15] The device according to claim 8 or 11, wherein: the cryogenic liquid generator is mainly insulated The insulated rigid open container is composed of an auxiliary gas working medium which stores a certain pressure; the upper opening is an inlet and the lower opening is an outlet.