CN101071007A - Environmental heat energy reasonable utilization system - Google Patents
Environmental heat energy reasonable utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101071007A CN101071007A CN 200610078052 CN200610078052A CN101071007A CN 101071007 A CN101071007 A CN 101071007A CN 200610078052 CN200610078052 CN 200610078052 CN 200610078052 A CN200610078052 A CN 200610078052A CN 101071007 A CN101071007 A CN 101071007A
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Abstract
This invention relates to refrigeration and thermodynamic engineering is a system through manufacture and use appropriate temperature difference, to extract and make use of environment geothermal energy, rely on the lack of vapor compression refrigeration law and the cooling of the compressor from the external environment and economic extraction thermal environment, the displacement of compressed gases within the expansion can be translated into law, in refrigeration At the same time, extraction of heat into the liquid facilitate the use of mechanical energy, and through further use of agency into mechanical energy, such as high heat. Including the following steps: (1) liquid refrigerant system and the external heat exchanger, which can translate into increased high pressure gaseous refrigerant; (2) high pressure gaseous refrigerant can be translated into, for the adiabatic decompression expansion refrigeration at the same time, can be translated into drive Another loss and liquid substances mechanical energy; (3) of another liquid substances can be obtained using machinery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration and thermodynamic engineering, be an environment thermal energy rationally utilize system, manufacturing with thermal machine is used to freeze.
Compressed Gas of the present invention is meant environment facies ratio of living in it, has more hyperbar, the gas of the external work done of can expanding.
Background technology
Now, people have recognized is containing the human renewable heat energy that can't exhaust in the environment, yet the way that still can't take out an economy at present extracts renewable heat energy effectively to be utilized.Although each state is all in the exploitation of encouraging and support regenerative resource, regenerative resource, especially renewable heat energy utilize cost, the traditional fossil fuel energy considerably beyond being accompanied by severe contamination can't extensively use.
Extract the suitable difference of energy demand, poor as the potential energy of water, the temperature difference of heat, pressure differential of gas or the like.Can not utilize the reason of renewable heat energy economically, be that people can not find or it is poor to make the required proper temperature of extraction environment thermal energy economically.
Technology contents
The present invention promptly is at the problems referred to above, and one of proposition by making and utilize appropriate temperature difference economically, with the system of environment thermal energy extraction and utilization.
Body series relies on exhaust steam compression-type refrigeration method and compressor to extract environment thermal energy economically from cooling method from external environment condition, energy conversion method in driving liquid expansion type Compressed Gas, heat energy with extraction in refrigeration is converted into the liquid machine energy of being convenient to utilize, and by utilizing mechanism to be converted into mechanical energy, high level heat etc. again, it is characterized in that including following steps: 1. liquid refrigeration working medium and system's external heat-exchanging, interior can increasing and be converted into the high-pressure gaseous refrigeration working medium; 2. high-pressure gaseous refrigeration working medium adiabatic puffing in interior energy converter freezes, simultaneously with the interior mechanical energy that can be converted into power transmission loss and a certain liquid substance; 3. the mechanical energy that this liquid substance is obtained is used, comprise: A or directly utilize: a guides the liquid of a certain space outerpace into another space outerpace and becomes refrigeration associating pump, and b draws back same space outerpace with the liquid of a certain space outerpace and circulates and heat and become the joint refrigeration machine that freezes; B or indirect utilization: as second level working medium, a drives the fluid turbine person and becomes the refrigeration combination with engine, and b becomes refrigeration combined heat device through heating the hot person of control.
Compare with existing refrigeration machine, pump, engine, heat-producing machine, the relevant device of body series is power source mainly with environment thermal energy as water body, atmosphere or industrial waste gas heat-carrying, and cost is low and pollution-free.
Embodiment
Driving can conversion method in the liquid expansion type Compressed Gas
Background
At present can subtract the mistake method in the Compressed Gas of international and domestic application, be in its adiabatic puffing process, realizes by the mode that drives reciprocating piston or the external work done of rotary blade.As in Thermal Motor, the Compressed Gas that the mode by internal combustion or external combustion obtains, energy at driven plunger toggle (as steam engine, internal combustion engine etc.) or in driving rotary blade mechanism (as steam turbine, gas turbine) externally work done reducing; And for example in the gas compression refrigerating machine, the Compressed Gas that is cooled in the compressed process, adiabatic expansion in decompressor drives the external work done of mode of reciprocating piston or the external work done of rotary blade, the interior energy of further loss gas.
The dual mode of energy in the external work done of compressed gas-driven reciprocating piston or impeller reduces can transform inadequate problem in all existing.
In the puffing process, gas internal energy reduces gradually, and externally the output work ability weakens gradually.Along with the puffing process continues, gas internal energy reduces with capacity for work and weakens after to a certain degree, be subjected to be limited by the working condition requirement of its driving device (as rotating speed), Compressed Gas just no longer can be to machinery (comprising reciprocating piston or rotary blade and the diligent machinery that the is connected thereof) work done of its driving, otherwise, under the effect of factors such as inertia, the machinery that is driven by it transfers the Compressed Gas work done is produced the negative work effect.Thereby the interior energy of Compressed Gas can't fully transform.
In can transform insufficiently, have the problem of two aspects:
The A thermal efficiency is not high: as, be subjected to the difference of engine operating condition requirement, in 40%, the thermal efficiency of piston-mode motor causes in 45%, a energy consumption height as the thermal efficiency limiting value of the wheeled engine of pivoting leaf; B pollutes big.
B is not easy to realize economically the cyclic process of working medium: owing to still have more interior energy in the gas (as exhaust steam) after the part work done, thereby have higher temperature, pressure and a bigger volume, realize that in the mode that compresses and liquefies the working medium circulation is very uneconomical, be the effect of deduction and exemption negative work, have to emit, or adopt the condensing mode of losing a large amount of heat energy to collect, as, in the gas compression-type refrigeration, a part haves no alternative but enter again atmosphere through the gas of purified treatment and compressor compresses; The exhaust steam of old-fashioned train is exhausted into atmosphere; The exhaust steam of steam turbine enters condenser, and the heat water that is cooled is taken away and become thermal pollution.
Content
The content of driving energy conversion method in the liquid expansion type Compressed Gas is:
Under the adiabatic condition, Compressed Gas in the sufficient puffing process, by comprising the drive mechanism of piston or barrier film, passes power to liquid chamber and work done in interior energy converter gas room, be converted into the mechanical energy of power transmission loss and liquid, thereby make gas internal energy fully subtract mistake.
Implement
Referring to Fig. 1.
Implement energy converter in this law, be characterised in that:
Surround the wall in gas room, tight adiabatic;
(on cylinder wall or piston) is provided with sensors such as temperature, pressure on the gas room wall;
The air pressure of gas room under off working state, the setting requirement according to controller is controlled at low-pressure state by compressor bank work, to keep the drying in gas room; In the energy converter, low-pressure state also is used to help the backfill of liquid to liquid chamber in single-acting piston type and diaphragm type;
Liquid chamber is borrowed and is flowed into road and liquid supplementation pipe 82 and the liquid injection pipe 81 and outside traffic of efferent tract through giving Drainage pipe 8; Traffic behavior is controlled according to the variation of room pressure automatically by valve (preferred one-way valve); Generally, the inflow road is roomy than efferent tract;
According to its organizational form, interior can including by converter:
The A single-acting piston type: connected and composed through two plug pistons by single-acting cylinder, single-acting fluid cylinder, cylinder and fluid cylinder are respectively as interior gas room and liquid chamber that can converter;
The B double-acting piston: connected and composed by double-acting cylinder, the two plug of double acting fluid cylinder warp pistons, cylinder and fluid cylinder are divided into two rooms and two Room by cylinder plug and fluid cylinder plug respectively, become the two indoor energy converters in two rooms;
Two plug pistons 53 are connected and composed by cylinder plug 531, fluid cylinder plug 532, connecting rod 533, and connecting rod connects cylinder plug and fluid cylinder plug, make two plug synchronization actions;
For ease of ensureing the balance of gas room, both sides power, and the balance of both sides liquid chamber volume change during the piston motion, can balancing pole 534 and 534 ' be installed at the offside of connecting rod; Balancing pole and cylinder plug synchronization action, sectional area equates with connecting rod;
The C diaphragm type: gas room 51 is in the same withstand voltage space with liquid chamber 52, separates with barrier film 53 between room, chamber.
Interior energy conversion process
Below according to can converter in the double-acting piston, to conversion process explaining in the Compressed Gas.
Can transform in gas room, both sides in the Compressed Gas and hocket;
The air pressure in inoperative gas room maintains the low-pressure state of setting by compressor bank, as 10kPa;
Compressed Gas injects a side gas room of converter, and this gas room becomes work gas room.Work gas room expands because of air pressure increases, at the air pressure that overcomes offside inoperative gas room, and after the friction of piston and gas, fluid cylinder wall, pressure is passed to fluid cylinder, the liquid chamber of fluid cylinder plug both sides becomes hyperbaric chamber and low-pressure chamber respectively, the liquid of the liquid in the hyperbaric chamber flows to outside through efferent tract, obtain the kinetic energy of liquid; Low-pressure chamber then attracts the liquid in the liquid supplementation pipe 82, fills low-pressure chamber.
Stop halfway under the puffing mode of gas injection, it is no longer mobile that work gas room will be expanded to piston, and the liquid chamber efferent tract no longer includes liquid and flows out, and air pressure equals: the inoperative gas room air pressure (10kPa) of friction/cylinder plug work area+set; Temperature equals the saturated vapor temperature (a little more than the boiling point of refrigeration working medium under this air pressure) of this refrigeration working medium under this air pressure, if under the situation that thermal insulation and piston friction are very little fully, because of its air pressure is low, this temperature even the temperature can be lower than it and in gasifier, saturated vapor takes place the time.
Helpfulness
Under this transform mode, piston and liquid can not be conversely to the Compressed Gas works done, the process of the mechanical energy that the power consumption of piston and liquid are obtained is fully passive and synchronous, subtracting of energy lost linearly property positive correlation in intensity and the Compressed Gas, quantity is tending towards all (energy increment in obtaining when gasifying in the cooling heat exchanger near refrigeration working medium), and follows in process all the time.
Thereby, in this Compressed Gas can subtract the mistake method, have following advantage: A can subtract the contract interior energy of gas of decompression to greatest extent than prior art, for next step compresses and liquefies recycling the providing of carrying out working medium to it economically may; B has obtained the liquid machine energy of being convenient to utilize again.
Compressor is from cooling method
Background
In the cooling means of in the past various types of compact machine, all do not adopt the liquid refrigeration working medium of self that compressor is cooled off this mode, compressor self and the heat production that is compressed gas are all taken away and are become thermal pollution as the used heat medium (as air, water) that is cooled.
Content
The content of this law is:
With liquid refrigeration working medium and the compressor heat exchange of bringing up it, make the method for compressor cooling.
Implement
Implementing the compressor cooler 21 (to call cooler in the following text) of this law, is a pressure vessel with outside tight thermal insulation, for liquid refrigeration cooler storehouse, is full of liquid refrigeration working medium; The container top has efferent tract to flow out for refrigeration working medium; Compressor is placed in internal tank, is immersed in the refrigeration working medium, and the heat dispersion of parts is good; Compressor is accepted the refrigeration working medium desire to compress and liquefy through the carrier pipe that penetrates chamber wall, and through delivery pipe the refrigeration working medium that compresses and liquefies is emitted in the container chamber; Compressor can be installed on internal tank side on the upper side, and its delivery pipe can be opened on container bottom; By a holding capacity of bin governor motion 211 is set, cooler 21 capacity can be adjusted.
Cooling procedure
During compressor operating, the refrigeration working medium exhaust steam is compressed and liquefied, and be thrown into the cooler bottom; Along with the circulation of working medium, newborn liquid refrigeration working medium upwards flows, and with the compressor heat exchange, cooling compressor is upwards flowed by the working medium continuation that heat exchange heats up, after outlet duct is discharged cooler in the way.
Helpfulness
The A good cooling results: liquid refrigeration working medium has lower temperature usually, the lower refrigeration working medium of critical-temperature especially, as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium etc., its low temperature be far from normal temperature can and;
The B heat loss is few: compressor self heat production and gas are compressed the latent heat that liquefaction discharges, and are used effectively by liquid to the thermal source in the vapour process as refrigeration working medium again.
Exhaust steam compression-type refrigeration method
Background
Existing compression refrigerating machine has two kinds of gas compression and steam compression types.
The method of work of gas compression is: compressor compresses gas, in the compression process compressor self be compressed the gas heat production and take away by heat exchanger, the Compressed Gas that is cooled enters in the decompressor through driving toggle or the external work done of rotary blade, the interior refrigeration that can further descend.
The method of work of steam compression type is: liquid refrigeration working medium enters in the evaporimeter freezes with the heat exchange of desire cooling thing, working medium transfers gaseous state to by liquid state, enter vacuum compressor and be compressed, liquefy, the latent heat that discharges in compressor self heat production and the working medium liquefaction process is taken away by heat exchanger.
There is following deficiency in the gas compression refrigerating machine: A energy consumption height: the compression of a gas is boosted and is realized by compressor operating; B gas decrement is big; C compressor operating environment temperature height carries out at normal temperatures.A little less than the B refrigerating capacity: the air pressure that the economical operation of a compressor produces down is limited, and the cold that produces after the gas adiabatic expansion of unit volume is less; B decompressor adiabatic efficiency not high (being generally 60-85%) can be lost deficiency in the working medium in the expansion process, and the cyclic process that need repeatedly make and intervene compression-expansion could produce enough low temperature.The heat production of C institute is a used heat: although it is in process of refrigerastion, output than cold more heat, but in order to guarantee cooling effect, the heat-carrying agent temperature that cooling is discharged with heat exchanger is lower, institute's heat-carrying is not easy to recycle, and Chang Zuowei used heat is abandoned and become thermal pollution.The D application surface is narrow: because of its economy relatively poor, unless, with better other type refrigeration machine of economic serviceability, freeze usually as vapor compression refrigerator for obtaining deep cooling.The E complex structure, bulky, produce, install, use inconvenience.The F noise is big: main noise source compressor bank workload is big, and directly opens in the environment by the environment temperature cooling.
There is following deficiency in vapour compression refrigerator: A energy consumption height: a compressor operating object is the sufficient steam of interior energy; B compressor operating environment temperature height carries out at normal temperatures.A little less than the B refrigerating capacity: a can only use critical-temperature to be higher than the working medium of normal temperature, and the heat that absorbs during the working medium gasification is less; The b depth as shallow of freezing.The heat production of C institute is a used heat: although it is in process of refrigerastion, output than cold more heat, but in order to guarantee cooling effect, the heat-carrying agent temperature that cooling is discharged with heat exchanger is lower, institute's heat-carrying is not easy to recycle, and Chang Zuowei used heat is abandoned and become thermal pollution.The D application surface is narrow, and deep cooling can not be provided.The E noise is big, and main noise source compressor bank workload is big, and directly opens in the environment by the environment temperature cooling.
Content
The feature of exhaust steam compression refrigeration method is to realize according to the following steps kind of refrigeration cycle: 1. liquid refrigeration working medium can increase in self when externally freezing through heat exchange, is converted into the gaseous working medium of uniform temperature, humidity, pressure; 2. gaseous working medium externally work done and interiorly can subtract mistake in the process of adiabatic puffing refrigeration; 3. can subtract in and lose the refrigeration working medium exhaust steam, compressed machine compression, liquefaction enter next circulation thus.
Implement
The refrigeration system of this law includes refrigerating cylinder 51, exhaust discharging tube 6, the compressor bank 7 of controller 1, cooling heat exchanger 2, air injection pipe 3, valve 4 and 4 ', interior energy converter 5, constitutes refrigeration machine thus.
Controller 1: by be distributed in can converter, sensors such as each temperature of locating such as gasifier, pressure are connected and obtain relevant parameter, according to refrigeration and the requirement of diligent mechanism of subordinate, be connected with the holding capacity of bin adjuster 211 of valve 4 and 4 ', cooler, the controlled devices such as desire heat exchange thing driver 226 of gasifier, major control: A compressor cooler and gasifier working condition, and then obtain suitable refrigeration working medium running parameter etc.; The keying of each valve of B and opening time, satisfy the interior designing requirement that can transform in the adiabatic puffing; The running parameter of C compressor bank makes inoperative gas room remain on suitable low-pressure state; The running parameters of diligent mechanism of D subordinate etc. are realized safe, automatic, the smooth working of refrigeration combine;
Cooling heat exchanger 2: comprise cooler 21 and gasifier 22;
Cooler 21: holding capacity of bin adjuster 211 is adjusted the capacity of cooler 21 according to the controller requirement, and then adjusts the refrigeration working medium quantity that enters gasifier, generation temperature, humidity and the pressure of control gaseous state refrigeration working medium, surplus summary.
Gasifier 22: desire heat exchange thing driver 226 according to the controller requirement, adjust and desire the heat exchange logistics capacity, and then the heat exchange situation of adjustment and refrigeration working medium, generation temperature, humidity and the pressure of control gaseous state refrigeration working medium, surplus summary.
Air injection pipe 3: with the high pressure refrigeration working medium gas that gasifier produces, the refrigerating cylinder of energy converter in transporting to.
Valve 4: reach input quantity, valve 4 ' mutually during the input of control gaseous state refrigeration working medium: be controlled at the refrigeration working medium exhaust steam that work done is finished in gas the room in and discharge.
Interior energy converter 5:
Both sides gas room alternation, the gas room expanse of working promotes two plug pistons and moves to bilateral: moving of A cylinder plug, compress inoperative gas room, work done is finished the exhaust steam of refrigeration working medium and carry to compressor bank through valve and exhaust discharging tube; B fluid cylinder plug moves, its separation become hyperbaric chamber and low-pressure chamber respectively, indoor liquid is through efferent tract and flow into the road and flow, and obtains mechanical energy; Surplus summary.
Exhaust discharging tube 6:,, carry to compressor bank 7 with the exhaust steam that refrigeration working medium is finished in work done through valve 4 '.
Compressor bank 7: the design pressure requirement of apparent expansion refrigeration, select one and an above positive displacement compressor series connection formation for use, surplus summary.
Refrigeration working medium:, select the low-boiling point material of different critical temperature for use, as freon, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, inert gas according to the refrigeration requirement; To the less demanding type of the refrigeration degree of depth, preferred critical-temperature is higher than the freon of normal temperature, in order to avoid shut down the too high mechanism's infringement that may cause of the whole vapor pressures of back refrigeration working medium.
Adiabatic: except that vacuum compressor and in the cooling heat exchanger the specific heat exchange position, mechanism that all contact with refrigeration working medium or position be thermal insulation tightly.
Process of refrigerastion
Under the control of controller 1, adjust the duty of cooler holding capacity of bin adjuster 211 and desire heat exchange thing driver 226, compressor bank 7 work, the liquid refrigeration working medium that drives certain flow is exported to gasifier 22 from cooler 21, working medium is cooled off the thing heat exchange with desire in gasifier 22, be converted into the gaseous working medium of uniform temperature, humidity, pressure, through air injection pipe 3 and valve 4, adiabatic puffings in the refrigerating cylinder 51 of energy converter 3 in injecting heat cylinder 52 output works through two 53 pairs in pistons of filling in simultaneously; In can fully lose the refrigeration working medium of transfer, temperature, sharp the falling of pressure and humidity increases rapidly, enter the compressor bank 7 that is arranged in the liquid cooled device through valve 4 ' and exhaust discharging tube 6, and be compressed, liquefy, enter cooler 21 bottoms, the process of flowing that makes progress from the bottom,, reenter gasifier and begin next circulation with compressor bank 7 heat exchange.
Helpfulness
With existing gas compression refigerating machine contrast, the present invention drives liquid expansion type refrigerating and heat-supplying machine and has the following advantages: A is energy-conservation: the operating pressure of its swell refrigeration of a need not compressor operating to be provided, and is produced by heat exchange; The b compressor bank only internally can fully shift, and temperature, pressure is low and working medium high humidity compresses and liquefies, and works under the heat exchange of low temperature liquid working medium; The heat production of c compressor bank work becomes one of thermal source of liquid refrigerant heating, and heat loss is few, even can be understood as no heat loss.The B refrigerating capacity is strong: a operating air pressure height, and energy density big (the refrigeration working medium air pressure that heat exchange forms can be higher than the air pressure that produces under the compressor economical operation far away), the cold that unit volume gas adiabatic expansion produces is big; Can shift in the refrigeration working medium during b adiabatic expansion and lose fully.C does not have used heat and produces: the interior energy of Compressed Gas, and exhausted major part is converted into the liquid machine energy of being convenient to utilize again, is utilized by the mechanism that utilizes again of next stage; D wide application:, can satisfy the refrigeration demand of the various degree of depth by to the selection of refrigeration working medium or the operating mode of adjustment cooling heat exchanger; E is simple in structure, and few easy workout part is convenient to make and install and use; The F noise is low: main noise source compressor bank workload is little, and isolated by multilayer solid, liquid attitude material such as thermal insulation layer, refrigeration cooler wall, refrigeration working medium and environment.
The preparing mechanism of high pressure refrigeration working medium (the extraction mechanism of environment thermal energy)-gasifier
Background
Existing swell refrigeration machinery, the obtaining of its Compressed Gas, none does not realize that by compressor compresses what consumed is the electric energy of high-order mechanical energy or highest order, simultaneously, the obtained Compressed Gas air pressure of the method for mechanical compress is limited.Thereby, caused the energy consumption of existing swell refrigeration machinery big, the problem that refrigerating capacity is not strong.
Purposes:
Gasifier is used for:
To whole association system, be used for from external environment condition extraction heat energy, as the active force of association system work;
To refrigeration system inside, the refrigeration working medium that is used for flowing in cooler further heats, vaporizes and even gasifies, and is formed with the gaseous state refrigeration working medium of uniform temperature, humidity and pressure;
To the refrigeration system outside, be the tower cooling heat exchanger of cooling, be used to provide cold.
Structure
The gasifier top is provided with desires the inlet 224 that the heat exchange thing enters; The below is provided with the outlet 225 that and the above thing of heat exchange are discharged; Inside is provided with refrigeration working medium cavity 221; The cavity outside, the top-down flow path of desire heat exchange thing that available dividing plate 222 and passage 223 are provided with; Mobile can the driving of desire cooling thing through driver 226 (as blower fan); Driver is placed in (in passage) on the flow path that comprises the heat transmission equipment main body, also can be placed on the moving path of the outer desire heat exchange logistics of main body;
Locate at refrigeration working medium cavity 221 walls, dividing plate 222 etc., be provided with sensors such as temperature, pressure;
Desire cooling thing can be target cooling thing, also can be heat-carrying agent;
The thermal insulation of gasifier and peripheral environment requires to decide according to refrigeration.To environment cooling person, as air-conditioning, structure can be simplified for merely, and need not be adiabatic; For certain refrigeration claimer is arranged,, carry out suitable thermal insulation as refrigerator, gas refrigeration liquefaction separation etc.
The course of work
Refrigeration working medium is in cooler 21 and after the compressor bank heat exchange, and it is inner and mobile from bottom to top to flow into gasifier refrigeration working medium cavity 221 through efferent tract; Refrigeration working medium cavity outside is desired the heat exchange thing and is flowed from top to bottom.
Through heat exchange, refrigeration working medium cavity inside, refrigeration working medium temperature from bottom to top progressively raises, and the bottom is in a liquid state, top is gaseous state, saturated vapor takes place, more than the liquid level at the liquid level place, humidity progressively reduces because heat exchange continuation, temperature continue to raise, and the position, the top is to air injection pipe 3 outputs; Refrigeration working medium cavity outside also forms the zone, warm rank that a plurality of temperature progressively descend from top to bottom, thereby realizes the refrigeration effect of different depth.
Helpfulness
Compare with the preparation method of the high-pressure gaseous refrigeration working medium of existing compression refigerating machine, this preparation method has the following advantages: A is energy-conservation, and the operating pressure of its swell refrigeration of a need not compressor operating to be provided, and is produced by heat exchange; The heat production of b compressor bank work becomes one of thermal source of liquid refrigerant heating, and heat loss is few, even can be understood as no heat loss; The B refrigerating capacity is strong, the operating air pressure height, and energy density big (the refrigeration working medium air pressure that heat exchange forms can be higher than the air pressure that produces under the compressor economical operation far away), the cold that unit volume gas adiabatic expansion produces is big; The C low noise, main noise source compressor bank workload is little, and isolated by multilayer solid, liquid attitude material such as thermal insulation layer, refrigeration cooler wall, refrigeration working medium and environment.
Transformed the tissue that utilizes mechanism again of interior energy and utilized mode again
Utilize mechanism again:
Directly utilize mechanism by interior can converter 5 fluid cylinder 52, form for Drainage pipe 8;
Indirect utilization mechanism by interior can converter 5 fluid cylinder 52, form for the diligent mechanism 9 of the Drainage pipe 8 and the second level.
Utilize mode again:
A directly utilizes
A introduces certain liquid from a certain space outerpace to liquid chamber under the qualification of guiding mechanisms such as check valve and pipeline, after the conversion of interior energy obtains mechanical energy, flow to another space outerpace, and become pump;
B draws back same space outerpace with the liquid of a certain space outerpace and circulates and heat and become refrigeration joint refrigeration machine;
The B indirect utilization
Obtain the liquid of mechanical energy, the second level working medium as circulation to the work done of the diligent mechanism in the second level, comprising:
A passes through to promote the external output mechanical energy of fluid turbine, and becomes engine;
B heats pipe through fluid and finally changes mechanical energy into heat energy again, and becomes heat-producing machine.
The drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is an energy converter schematic diagram in the present invention, and A, B, C are respectively the organizational form of energy converter in single-acting piston type, double-acting piston, the diaphragm type
Fig. 2 is a cooler schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a gasifier schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the present invention's associating pump schematic diagram that freezes
Fig. 5 is that the present invention is freezed to unite and heated the machine schematic diagram
Fig. 6 is the present invention's combination with engine schematic diagram that freezes
Fig. 7 is the present invention's combined heat device schematic diagram that freezes
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 4:
The former moving pump that freezes has the double action of refrigeration machine and pump concurrently, and can be used for refrigeration and carry liquid substance, and Propeller as ROV in the water.
Fluid cylinder wall or fluid cylinder plug place are provided with pressure sensor;
Between two liquid chambers, be provided with traffic pipe 83, the traffic of pipe is by being undertaken by controller 1 through liquid valve 84 Control;
In the situation of refrigeration associating pump for the potential energy that improves institute's pump liquid, such as the pump water that hoists from lower, when The impact that the potential energy difference can transform in the later stage puffing, when surpassing designing requirement, the conducting of traffic pipe is to ensure Puffing is undertaken by designing requirement;
Obvious pulsating nature is arranged when making cool associating pump work, can adopt a plurality of refrigeration associating pumps to stagger each other necessarily The work phase place work simultaneously.
Embodiment two
Referring to Fig. 5:
Refrigeration associating heating machine has refrigeration machine and the double action that heats device concurrently, exports cold on the one hand, on the one hand Output can be satisfied the heat energy of the required high position of productive life, such as hot water or water vapour.
It is characterized by:
The inflow road of both sides liquid chamber and efferent tract all directly open at same space outerpace;
Being heated liquid should select to the harmless person of hydraulic cylinder structure, such as pure water;
Practical application:
Take its refrigeration be used for the emporium air-conditioning, heat be used to providing steam as the example explanation:
Refrigeration working medium is selected freon;
Heating object is selected soft water;
The course of work:
Indoor damp and hot air enters gasifier through the gasifier entrance, and heats working medium heat exchange cooling, airborne water Steam-condensation is drawn through exporting 225 '; Air after the dehumidifying continues further cooling, in exporting 225 return chamber.
Heat working medium under the driving that constant pressure changes, constantly go out, enter liquid chamber, and because of linear loss and local losses Heat; It has heated the soft water in entrance 851 enters heat supply pot 85 and has produced steam for a long time, and steam is from going out Mouth 852 is drawn, and in other heating time spent condensation, returns the heat supply pot from entrance 851 after the pump pressurization.
Referring to Fig. 6:
The refrigeration combination with engine has the double action of refrigeration machine and engine concurrently, can be used for refrigeration and drives various usefulness Merit machinery, such as generator, vehicle, aircraft and boats and ships turn to oar, machine tool etc.;
It is characterized by:
The second level working medium of using is selected water, the aqueous solution, organic solvent, mercury metal etc., the preferred aqueous solution;
The liquid turbine 91 of using, preferred impulse turbine;
In view of the pulsating nature of second level working medium input is bigger, for ensureing the stable of engine output, can adopt The work phase place that a plurality of liquid chambers stagger certain is to same liquid turbine output;
For further more effectively utilizing the mechanical energy of second level working medium, can select many liquid turbines, or a plurality of leaf The liquid turbine of wheel, the mechanical energy of carrying with the second level working medium that takes full advantage of under the different in flow rate state;
Practical application:
Be used for ammonia synthesis gas separation, engine for generating electricity to the example explanation take its refrigeration:
Refrigeration working medium is selected helium;
Be frozen the ammonia, methane, inert gas of liquefaction etc., flow out through separately outlet duct 225 respectively, and receive Collect for subsequent use;
Be frozen nitrogen, the hydrogen of liquefaction, flow out through separately outlet duct 225 ' respectively, and through high-pressure pump 101 with 101 ', blowback synthetic tower 10;
New raw material nitrogen, hydrogen respectively through high-pressure pump 102 and 102 ', pump into synthetic tower 10;
The second level working medium of using is selected the natrium nitrosum Aqueous Solutions of Polyethylene Glycol;
Liquid turbine 91 is selected impulse turbine;
Hydraulic turbine output shaft 911 drives generator 912.
Embodiment four
Referring to Fig. 7:
Refrigeration associating heating machine has refrigeration machine and the double action that heats device concurrently, exports cold on the one hand, on the one hand Output can be satisfied the heat energy of the required high position of productive life, such as hot water or water vapour.
It is characterized by:
The inflow road of both sides liquid chamber and efferent tract are all merged into a two-way traffic road separately;
Fluid cylinder heats the cylinder capacity with heating cylinder volume regulator 54 automatic adjustings, to adapt to system for heating cylinder Hot working fluid Yin Wendu changes the volume that takes place and changes, and prevents mechanism's infringement that hypertonia may cause.
Heat pipe and coiled by metal tube and form, caliber is thin than fluid cylinder.
Second level working medium is selected water, the aqueous solution or mercury metal for heating working medium;
The top of Heat supply and heat exchange device 11 has wish to heat the entrance 111 of thing (such as cold water); The bottom has heats thing The outlet 112 of (such as hot water or steam), externally heat supply.
Practical application:
Being used for domestic air conditioning, heating for the domestic hot-water take its refrigeration is the example explanation:
Refrigeration working medium is selected freon;
The second level working medium of using is selected the natrium nitrosum Aqueous Solutions of Polyethylene Glycol for heating working medium;
The course of work:
Indoor damp and hot air enters gasifier through the gasifier entrance, and heats working medium heat exchange cooling, airborne water Steam-condensation is drawn through exporting 225 '; Air after the dehumidifying continues further cooling, in exporting 225 return chamber.
Heat working medium under the driving of pressure reduction between the chamber, back and forth flow through heating pipe, and because heating pipe 92 interior streams Moving linear loss and the local losses when heating pipe and enter liquid chamber heat; Institute heats has heated through entrance 111 Enter the cold water in the heat supply water tank 11, hot water is drawn from exporting 112, for having a bath, do washing usefulness.
Compare with refrigeration associating heating machine, refrigeration combined heat utensil has littler noise, and wish heating thing is wanted The condition of asking is lower, such as heating hard water.
Claims (12)
1, one by making and utilize appropriate temperature difference economically, system with environment thermal energy extraction and utilization, rely on exhaust steam compression-type refrigeration method and compressor from external environment condition, to extract environment thermal energy economically from cooling method, energy conversion method in driving liquid expansion type Compressed Gas, heat energy with extraction in refrigeration is converted into the liquid machine energy of being convenient to utilize, and by utilizing mechanism to be converted into mechanical energy again, high level heat etc., it is characterized in that including following steps: 1. liquid refrigeration working medium and system's external heat-exchanging, interior can increasing and be converted into the high-pressure gaseous refrigeration working medium; 2. high-pressure gaseous refrigeration working medium adiabatic puffing in interior energy converter freezes, simultaneously with the interior mechanical energy that can be converted into power transmission loss and a certain liquid substance; 3. the mechanical energy that this liquid substance is obtained is used, comprise: A or directly utilize: a guides the liquid of a certain space outerpace into another space outerpace and becomes refrigeration associating pump, and b draws back same space outerpace with the liquid of a certain space outerpace and circulates and heat and become the joint refrigeration machine that freezes; B or indirect utilization: as second level working medium, a drives the fluid turbine person and becomes the refrigeration combination with engine, and b becomes refrigeration combined heat device through heating the hot person of control.
2, the interior energy of the liquid expansion type Compressed Gas conversion method that drives as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that:
Under the adiabatic condition, Compressed Gas in the sufficient puffing process, by comprising the drive mechanism of piston or barrier film, passes power to liquid chamber and work done in interior energy converter gas room, be converted into the mechanical energy of power transmission loss and liquid, thereby make gas internal energy fully subtract mistake.
3, implement the interior energy converter (5) of claim 2, be characterised in that:
Comprise gas room (51), liquid chamber (52) and transmission device (53);
Gas room (51) is borrowed and is flowed into road and efferent tract, and through air injection pipe (3) and exhaust discharging tube (6) and outside traffic, traffic behavior is controlled by valve (4) and (4 ') according to working procedure; Efferent tract is in the lowest part in room, in order to the discharge of room content especially liquid substance;
Surround the wall in gas room, tight adiabatic;
(on cylinder wall or piston) is provided with sensors such as temperature, pressure on the gas room wall;
The air pressure of gas room under off working state according to the setting requirement of controller (1), is controlled at low-pressure state by compressor bank (7) work, to keep the drying in gas room; In the energy converter, low-pressure state also is used to help the backfill of liquid to liquid chamber in single-acting piston type and diaphragm type;
Liquid chamber is borrowed and is flowed into road and liquid supplementation pipe 82 and the liquid injection pipe 81 and outside traffic of efferent tract through giving Drainage pipe 8; Traffic behavior is controlled according to the variation of room pressure automatically by valve (preferred one-way valve); Generally, the inflow road is roomy than efferent tract;
According to its organizational form, interior can including by converter:
The A single-acting piston type: connected and composed through two plug pistons by single-acting cylinder, single-acting fluid cylinder, cylinder and fluid cylinder are respectively as interior gas room and liquid chamber that can converter;
The B double-acting piston: connected and composed by double-acting cylinder, the two plug of double acting fluid cylinder warp pistons, cylinder and fluid cylinder are divided into two rooms and two Room by cylinder plug and fluid cylinder plug respectively, become the two indoor energy converters in two rooms;
Two plug pistons (53) are connected and composed by cylinder plug (531), fluid cylinder plug (532), connecting rod (533), and connecting rod connects cylinder plug and fluid cylinder plug, make two plug synchronization actions;
For ease of ensureing the balance of gas room, both sides power, and the balance of both sides liquid chamber volume change during the piston motion, can balancing pole (534) and (534 ') be installed at the offside of connecting rod; Balancing pole and cylinder plug synchronization action, sectional area equates with connecting rod;
The C diaphragm type: gas room (51) are in the same withstand voltage space with liquid chamber (52), separate with barrier film (53) between room, chamber.
4, compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that from cooling method: with liquid refrigeration working medium and the compressor heat exchange of bringing up it, make the method for compressor cooling.
5, implement the cooler (21) of claim 4, be characterised in that:
Be one with outside tight adiabatic pressure vessel, be full of liquid refrigeration working medium; The container top has efferent tract to flow out for refrigeration working medium; Compressor is placed in internal tank, is immersed in the refrigeration working medium; Compressor is accepted the refrigeration working medium desire to compress and liquefy through the carrier pipe that penetrates chamber wall, and through delivery pipe the refrigeration working medium that compresses and liquefies is emitted in the container chamber; Compressor can be installed on internal tank side on the upper side, and its delivery pipe can be opened on container bottom; Can adjust the cooler capacity by a holding capacity of bin governor motion (211) is set.
6, exhaust steam compression-type refrigeration method as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that and realizes kind of refrigeration cycle according to the following steps:
A liquid refrigeration working medium can increase in self when externally freezing through heat exchange, is converted into the gaseous working medium of uniform temperature, humidity, pressure;
The B gaseous working medium is externally work done and interiorly can subtract mistake in the process of adiabatic puffing refrigeration;
Can subtract in the C and lose the refrigeration working medium exhaust steam, compressed machine compression, liquefaction enter next circulation thus.
7, implement the refrigeration system of claim 6, be characterised in that:
Include controller (1), compressor cooler (21), gasifier (22), air injection pipe (3), valve (4), with (4 '), interior can converter (5), exhaust discharging tube (6), compressor bank (7);
The mechanism that holds refrigeration working medium is according to being linked in sequence of compressor cooler (21), gasifier (22), air injection pipe (3), valve (4), interior cylinder (51), valve (4 '), exhaust discharging tube (6), compressor bank (7), compressor cooler that can converter (5); Refrigeration working medium circulates therein;
Controller (1): by be distributed in can converter, sensors such as each temperature of locating such as gasifier, pressure are connected and obtain relevant parameter, according to refrigeration and the requirement of diligent mechanism of subordinate, be connected with the holding capacity of bin adjuster (211) of valve (4) and (4 '), cooler, the desire heat exchange thing driver controlled devices such as (226) of gasifier, major control: A compressor cooler and gasifier working condition, and then obtain suitable refrigeration working medium running parameter etc.; The keying of each valve of B and opening time, satisfy the interior designing requirement that can transform in the adiabatic puffing: the running parameter of C compressor bank makes inoperative gas room remain on suitable low-pressure state; The running parameters of diligent mechanism of D subordinate etc. are realized safe, automatic, the smooth working of refrigeration combine;
Compressor bank (7): the design pressure requirement of apparent expansion refrigeration, select one and an above positive displacement compressor series connection formation for use;
Refrigeration working medium:, select the low-boiling point material of different critical temperature for use, as freon, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, inert gas according to the refrigeration requirement; To the less demanding type of the refrigeration degree of depth, preferred critical-temperature is higher than the freon of normal temperature, in order to avoid shut down the too high mechanism's infringement that may cause of the whole vapor pressures of back refrigeration working medium;
Adiabatic: except that the specific heat exchange position in gasifier, mechanism that all contact with refrigeration working medium or position are tightly adiabatic.
8, implement the refrigeration associating pump of claim 1 or 2 or 6, be characterised in that:
Liquid chamber (52) is through liquid supplementation pipe (82) and flow into the road, is connected with certain liquid of a certain space outerpace, is connected with another space outerpace with liquid injection pipe (81) through efferent tract; Check valve is arranged on and flows into road and efferent tract place;
Fluid cylinder wall or fluid cylinder plug place are provided with pressure sensor;
Between two liquid chambers, be provided with traffic pipe (83), the traffic of pipe is by being controlled by controller (1) through liquid valve (84);
Be used to improve at refrigeration associating pump under the situation of potential energy of institute's pump liquid, as the pump water that hoists from lower, when the influence that the potential energy difference can transform in the later stage puffing, during above designing requirement, the conducting of traffic pipe is undertaken by designing requirement with the guarantee puffing;
During because of refrigeration associating pump work tangible pulsating nature is arranged, the work phase place that can adopt a plurality of refrigeration associating pumps to stagger certain is each other worked simultaneously.
9, the refrigeration of implementing claim 1 or 2 or 6 is united the machine of heating, and is characterised in that:
The inflow road of liquid chamber all is connected with same space outerpace with efferent tract.
10, implement the refrigeration combination with engine of claim 1 or 2 or 6, be characterised in that:
The second level working medium of using is selected water, the aqueous solution, organic solvent, mercury metal etc. for use, preferred aqueous solutions;
The fluid turbine of using (91), preferred impulse turbine;
In view of the pulsating nature of second level working medium input is bigger, for ensureing the stable of engine output, the work phase place that can adopt a plurality of liquid chambers to stagger certain is to same fluid turbine output;
For further more effectively utilizing the mechanical energy of second level working medium, can select many fluid turbines for use, or the fluid turbine of a plurality of impellers, the mechanical energy of carrying with the second level working medium that makes full use of under the different in flow rate state.
11, implement the refrigeration combined heat device of claim 1 or 2 or 6, be characterised in that:
The inflow road of both sides liquid chamber and efferent tract are all merged into a two-way traffic road separately;
Fluid cylinder is regulated the cylinder capacity that heats for heating cylinder automatically with heating cylinder volume regulator (54), heats working medium because of the Volume Changes that variations in temperature takes place to adapt to, and prevents mechanism's infringement that hypertonia may cause.
Heating pipe (92) double is liquid injection pipe and liquid supplementation pipe, with the traffic road connection of both sides liquid chamber;
Heat pipe and coiled by metal tube and form, caliber is thin than fluid cylinder;
Second level working medium is selected water, the aqueous solution or mercury metal for use, preferred aqueous solutions for heating working medium;
Fluid cylinder (52) and heat pipe (92) and be placed in the Heat supply and heat exchange device (11), the position is the side on the lower side, so that heat exchange.
12, implement the environment thermal energy extraction equipment one refrigeration working medium gasifier of claim 1 or 6, be characterised in that:
The gasifier top is provided with desires the inlet (224) that the heat exchange thing enters; The below is provided with the outlet (225) that and the above thing of heat exchange are discharged; Inside is provided with refrigeration working medium cavity (221); The cavity outside, the top-down flow path of desire heat exchange thing that available dividing plate (222) and passage (223) are provided with; Mobile can the driving of desire cooling thing through driver 226 (as blower fan); Driver is placed in (in passage) on the flow path that comprises the heat transmission equipment main body, also can be placed on the moving path of the outer desire heat exchange logistics of main body;
At refrigeration working medium cavity (221) wall, dividing plate places such as (222), be provided with sensors such as temperature, pressure;
Desire cooling thing can be target cooling thing, also can be heat-carrying agent;
The thermal insulation of gasifier and peripheral environment requires to decide according to refrigeration.To environment cooling person, as air-conditioning, structure can be simplified for merely, and need not be adiabatic; For certain refrigeration claimer is arranged,, carry out suitable thermal insulation as refrigerator, gas refrigeration liquefaction separation etc.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610078052 CN101071007A (en) | 2006-05-08 | 2006-05-08 | Environmental heat energy reasonable utilization system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610078052 CN101071007A (en) | 2006-05-08 | 2006-05-08 | Environmental heat energy reasonable utilization system |
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| CN101071007A true CN101071007A (en) | 2007-11-14 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103821614A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-28 | 苟仲武 | Thermodynamic gas turbine adopting liquid-air working medium environment and working method of thermodynamic gas turbine |
| CN113007915A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 郑喜勋 | Thermodynamic method and device for changing state by utilizing steam pressure |
| CN114786790A (en) * | 2019-10-03 | 2022-07-22 | 能源创新系统有限公司 | System and method for extracting water from the environment and regulating the temperature with low energy consumption using a heat exchange cascade |
-
2006
- 2006-05-08 CN CN 200610078052 patent/CN101071007A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103821614A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-28 | 苟仲武 | Thermodynamic gas turbine adopting liquid-air working medium environment and working method of thermodynamic gas turbine |
| CN103821614B (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2017-01-18 | 苟仲武 | Thermodynamic gas turbine adopting liquid-air working medium environment and working method of thermodynamic gas turbine |
| CN114786790A (en) * | 2019-10-03 | 2022-07-22 | 能源创新系统有限公司 | System and method for extracting water from the environment and regulating the temperature with low energy consumption using a heat exchange cascade |
| CN113007915A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 郑喜勋 | Thermodynamic method and device for changing state by utilizing steam pressure |
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