CN114396610B - System and method for heating external steam of thermal power boiler - Google Patents
System and method for heating external steam of thermal power boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN114396610B CN114396610B CN202111623571.7A CN202111623571A CN114396610B CN 114396610 B CN114396610 B CN 114396610B CN 202111623571 A CN202111623571 A CN 202111623571A CN 114396610 B CN114396610 B CN 114396610B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for heating external steam of a thermal power boiler, comprising a hearth area, a tail flue area and a boiler barrel of the thermal power boiler, wherein a first heating mechanism is arranged above the boiler barrel at the top of the boiler, and/or a second heating mechanism is arranged at the tail flue area, and/or a third heating mechanism is arranged at a high-temperature steam extraction point of the boiler. The invention can adopt a corresponding heating mode according to the pressure of external saturated steam, and solve the electricity and steam consumption requirements of a refining base so as to improve the saturated steam parameters produced by an external waste heat boiler, further improve the steam quality, ensure that the application range is wider, realize quality improvement and efficiency improvement, and avoid the damage of the external saturated steam to the boiler body caused by water after long-pipe transportation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power boilers, and particularly relates to a system and a method for heating external steam by a thermal power boiler.
Background
With the great development of domestic non-electric industries such as steel, chemical industry and the like, the electricity and steam requirements of the partially refined base are huge, and a thermal power boiler unit is generally built to ensure the electricity and steam requirements of the main industry process. Meanwhile, a plurality of waste heat boilers are also constructed to recycle heat generated by the main industry process. The steam at the outlet of the waste heat boiler is generally saturated steam with certain pressure or low-temperature superheated steam, and the steam has smaller direct use range and larger direct discharge loss due to the reasons of lower temperature, fluctuation of steam flow and the like. How to effectively utilize the low-quality steam and change the low-quality steam into high-quality steam with high utilization rate is a problem in industries such as steel, chemical industry and the like.
The patent 201320351073.6 proposes a steam waste heat utilization device of an industrial boiler. An external steam heater is arranged at the tail part of the boiler to heat the external steam. Meanwhile, a water spray temperature reducing device is arranged on the eduction tube to regulate the temperature. However, after the external saturated steam is conveyed by a long-distance pipeline, certain pressure loss is caused, the saturated steam can bring water, if the saturated steam does not process, the heating surface can be seriously affected, and meanwhile, the outlet steam can bring water by a temperature regulation mode of reducing the temperature of outlet water spraying, so that downstream equipment is damaged.
The patent 201920648862.3 proposes a waste steam utilizing boiler, which is combined with a main steam system of the boiler by introducing external steam into a boiler barrel, and further utilizes a boiler superheater to heat the external steam, so that the steam quality is improved, and a generator is driven to generate power. However, the water space of the boiler barrel is affected by the external steam, so that the water power safety is affected, and the insufficient output of the steam-water separator in the boiler barrel is caused by the external steam introduced into the steam space of the boiler barrel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the problems, the system and the method for heating the external steam by the thermoelectric boiler can solve the electricity and steam requirements of the non-electric industry, improve the low-parameter saturated steam parameters generated by the waste heat boiler of the refining base and simultaneously avoid the damage of the heating surface of the boiler caused by the water carried by the external saturated steam.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a system of thermal power boiler heating extraneous steam, includes coal fired boiler furnace region, afterbody flue region and drum, its characterized in that: a first heating mechanism is arranged above the boiler barrel at the top of the boiler, and/or a second heating mechanism is arranged at the tail flue area, and/or a third heating mechanism is arranged at the high-temperature steam extraction point of the boiler;
the first heating mechanism is used for coupling external saturated steam with the main steam of the boiler under the condition that the external saturated steam pressure is equivalent to the main steam system pressure of the boiler;
the second heating mechanism is used for heating the external steam by arranging an independent heater in the tail flue region of the boiler under the condition that the external saturated steam pressure is greatly different from the pressure of the main steam system of the boiler;
the third heating mechanism is used for heating external steam in a heat exchanger independently arranged outside the boiler by adopting high-temperature steam led from the inside of the boiler under the conditions that the external saturated steam flow is smaller and the temperature of the steam at the outlet is required to be lower than the temperature of the steam at the steam outlet of the boiler system.
The invention discloses a system for heating external steam of a thermal power boiler, which comprises a first external saturated steam inlet pipeline, a first steam-water separator, a first separator drainage pipeline, a steam-water connecting pipe, a boiler barrel saturated steam eduction pipe, a first separator eduction pipe, a steam collecting box and a mixed steam eduction pipe, wherein the first external saturated steam inlet pipeline is connected with a top inlet of the first steam-water separator, the first steam-water separator is arranged at a position higher than a boiler barrel, the bottom of the first steam-water separator is connected with a boiler barrel water space through the first separator drainage pipeline, the top of the first steam-water separator is connected with the steam collecting box through the first separator eduction pipe, the steam-water connecting pipe is connected with the boiler barrel, the boiler barrel is connected with the steam collecting box through the boiler barrel saturated steam eduction pipe, and the steam collecting box is used for conveying mixed dry saturated steam to a next stage of a boiler through the mixed steam eduction pipe.
The invention relates to a system for heating external steam of a thermal power boiler, which is characterized in that a check valve is arranged on an eduction tube of a first separator.
The invention discloses a system for heating external steam of a thermal power boiler, which comprises a second external saturated steam inlet pipeline, a second steam-water separator, a second separator drain pipeline, a second separator outlet pipe, a heater inlet header, a heater outlet header, an external steam outlet pipe and a multi-stage heating component arranged in a tail flue region, wherein the second external saturated steam inlet pipeline is connected with the top inlet of the second steam-water separator, the steam outlet position of the second steam-water separator is lower than the heater inlet header, the second steam-water separator is connected with the heater inlet header through the second separator outlet pipe, the multi-stage heating component is respectively connected with the heater inlet header and the heater outlet header, and the heater outlet header is connected with the external steam outlet pipe.
The system for heating external steam of the thermal power boiler comprises a multistage heater arranged in a tail flue area, wherein two adjacent stages of heaters are connected through a heater connecting pipe, a desuperheater is arranged on the heater connecting pipe, and a desuperheater is not arranged at a final stage heater outlet.
The third heating mechanism comprises a third external saturated steam inlet pipeline, a steam-steam heat exchanger with a steam-water separation device, a heat exchanger drainage pipeline, an external saturated steam outlet pipeline, a boiler steam inlet pipeline and a boiler steam outlet pipeline, wherein the third external saturated steam inlet pipeline is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger, a first-stage high-temperature heating surface in the boiler is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger through the boiler steam inlet pipeline, a second-stage high-temperature heating surface in the boiler is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger through the boiler steam outlet pipeline, and the external saturated steam outlet pipeline is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger.
A method for heating external steam by a thermal power boiler, which is characterized in that: according to the difference of external saturated steam pressure, different heating modes are adopted, specifically:
when the external saturated steam pressure is matched with the pressure of a main steam system of the boiler, heating the external saturated steam by adopting a first heating mechanism, mixing the separated dry saturated steam with saturated steam produced by a boiler drum of the boiler in a separately arranged steam collecting box, and then entering a next stage superheater of the boiler for superheating;
when the external saturated steam pressure is not matched with the pressure of the main steam system of the boiler, the external saturated steam is heated by adopting a second heating mechanism, and the separated dry saturated steam enters an independent heater arranged at the tail flue of the boiler for heating;
when the external saturated steam flow is smaller and the temperature of the required outlet steam is lower than the temperature of the steam outlet of the boiler system, the external saturated steam is heated by adopting a third heating mechanism, part of high-temperature steam is led from the boiler body, and the external steam is heated in a separately arranged steam-steam heat exchanger.
When the method for heating external steam of the thermal power boiler is used for heating by adopting a first heating mechanism, external saturated steam is firstly introduced into a first steam-water separator through a first external saturated steam inlet pipeline, steam-liquid separation is carried out in the first steam-water separator, separated water is discharged into a drum water space through a first separator drain pipeline below the separator, separated water is recovered, separated dry saturated steam is led out from a first separator outlet pipe at the upper part of the separator and enters a steam collecting box;
the steam-water mixture from the water-cooling heating surface of the boiler enters the boiler barrel through the steam-water connecting pipe, steam-liquid separation is carried out in the boiler barrel, dry saturated steam is led out from the saturated steam leading-out pipe of the boiler barrel at the top of the boiler barrel, enters the steam collecting box and is converged with dry saturated steam from the first steam-water separator, and the mixed dry saturated steam is led out from the steam collecting box and enters the heating surface of the next stage of the boiler through the mixed steam leading-out pipe for heating.
When the method for heating external steam of the thermal power boiler is used for heating by adopting a second heating mechanism, external saturated steam is firstly introduced into a second steam-water separator through a second external saturated steam inlet pipeline, steam-liquid separation is carried out in the second steam-water separator, separated water enters a deaerator or a flash vessel through a second separator drain pipeline at the lower end of the separator, separated dry saturated steam is led out from a second separator eduction pipe, enters a heater inlet header, sequentially flows through a primary heater 26 and a secondary heater 29, leaves the boiler and is sent to steam using equipment.
When the method for heating external steam of the thermal power boiler adopts a third heating mechanism for heating, saturated steam from a third external saturated steam inlet pipeline firstly enters a steam-water separation device arranged in a steam-steam heat exchanger, separated water enters a deaerator or a flash vessel through a heat exchanger drainage pipeline, separated dry saturated steam flows outside a built-in pipe of the heat exchanger, high-temperature steam from a first-stage high-temperature heating surface of the boiler enters the heat exchanger through a boiler steam inlet pipeline, flows in the built-in pipe of the heat exchanger, the high-temperature steam after heat exchange returns to a second-stage high-temperature heating surface of the boiler through a boiler steam outlet pipeline for continuously absorbing heat, and the heated external steam is led out from an external saturated steam outlet pipeline and is sent to steam using equipment.
The invention can adopt a corresponding heating mode according to the pressure of external saturated steam, and solve the electricity and steam consumption requirements of a refining base so as to improve the saturated steam parameters produced by an external waste heat boiler, further improve the steam quality, ensure that the application range is wider, realize quality improvement and efficiency improvement, and avoid the damage of the external saturated steam to the boiler body caused by water after long-pipe transportation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first heating mechanism in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second heating mechanism in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third heating mechanism in the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a hearth area of a coal-fired boiler, 2 is a tail flue area, 3 is a first external saturated steam inlet pipeline, 4 is a first steam-water separator, 5 is a first separator drain pipeline, 6 is a boiler barrel, 7 is a steam-water connecting pipe, 8 is a boiler barrel saturated steam outlet pipe, 9 is a first separator outlet pipe, 10 is a check valve, 11 is a steam collecting tank, 12 is a mixed steam outlet pipe, 21 is a second external saturated steam inlet pipeline, 22 is a second steam-water separator, 23 is a second separator drain pipeline, 24 is a second separator outlet pipe, 25 is a heater inlet tank, 26 is a primary heater, 27 is a heater connecting pipe, 28 is a desuperheater, 29 is a secondary heater, 30 is a heater outlet tank, 31 is an external steam outlet pipe, 41 is a third external saturated steam inlet pipeline, 42 is a steam-hot surface heat exchanger, 43 is a heat exchanger drain pipeline, 44 is an external saturated steam outlet pipeline, 45 is a boiler steam inlet pipeline, 46 is a boiler primary high temperature heating surface high temperature heating water heating surface, 48 is boiler secondary heating surface heating water heating pipeline.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship conventionally put in use of the product of the present invention as understood by those skilled in the art, merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and is not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for understanding as indicating or implying a relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in detail by those skilled in the art; the accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
As shown in fig. 1, a system for heating external steam of a thermal power boiler comprises a coal-fired boiler furnace area 1, a tail flue area 2 and a boiler barrel 6, wherein the boiler barrel is arranged above the boiler furnace, a first heating mechanism is arranged above the boiler barrel 6 at the top of the boiler, and the first heating mechanism is used for coupling external saturated steam with main steam of the boiler, namely, integrating the external saturated steam into the main steam system of the boiler under the condition that the external saturated steam pressure is equivalent to the main steam system pressure of the boiler, so that the high-quality main steam yield of the boiler is improved; the platform near the tail flue area 2 is provided with a second heating mechanism, and the second heating mechanism is used for heating the external steam by adopting an independent heater arranged in the tail flue area 2 of the boiler under the condition that the external saturated steam pressure is larger than the pressure difference of the main steam system of the boiler, if the external steam flow is larger or the required outlet steam temperature is higher, so that the steam quality is improved and the exhaust gas temperature is reduced; and a third heating mechanism arranged on the platform near the high-temperature steam extraction point of the boiler, wherein the third heating mechanism is used for heating the external steam in a heat exchanger independently arranged outside the boiler by adopting high-temperature steam led from the inner part of the boiler under the condition that the external saturated steam flow is small and the temperature of the outlet steam is required to be lower than the temperature of the steam outlet of the boiler system.
As shown in fig. 2, the first heating mechanism comprises a first external saturated steam inlet pipeline 3, a first steam-water separator 4, a first separator drain pipeline 5, a steam-water connecting pipe 7, a boiler barrel saturated steam eduction tube 8, a first separator eduction tube 9, a steam collecting tank 11 and a mixed steam eduction tube 12, the first external saturated steam inlet pipeline 3 is connected with the top inlet of the first steam-water separator 4, the first steam-water separator 4 is arranged at a position higher than the boiler barrel 6, the bottom of the first steam-water separator 4 is connected with the water space of the boiler barrel 6 through the first separator drain pipeline 5 to recover heat, the top of the first steam-water separator 4 is connected with the steam collecting tank 11 through the first separator eduction tube 9, a check valve 10 is arranged on the first separator eduction tube 9 to prevent saturated steam from the hot-water barrel from flowing backwards into the steam-water separator, the steam-water connecting pipe 7 is connected with the boiler barrel 6 through the drum saturated steam eduction tube 8, and the steam collecting tank 11 is connected with the mixed steam collecting tank 11 through the mixed steam eduction tube 12 to send the mixed steam to the next saturated steam receiving stage.
As shown in fig. 3, the second heating mechanism includes a second external saturated steam inlet pipe 21, a second steam-water separator 22, a second separator drain pipe 23, a second separator outlet pipe 24, a heater inlet header 25, a heater outlet header 30, an external steam outlet pipe 31, and a multi-stage heating assembly disposed in the tail flue region 2, where the second external saturated steam inlet pipe 21 is connected to the top inlet of the second steam-water separator 22, the steam outlet position of the second steam-water separator 22 is lower than the heater inlet header 25, the working principle and structural design of the second steam-water separator are the same as those of the first steam-water separator, the second steam-water separator 22 is connected to the heater inlet header 25 through the second separator outlet pipe 24, the multi-stage heating assembly is respectively connected to the heater inlet header 25 and the heater outlet header 30, and the heater outlet header 30 is connected to the external steam outlet pipe 31.
The multi-stage heating assembly comprises a multi-stage heater arranged in the tail flue area 2, and is divided into two stages in the embodiment, namely a primary heater 26 and a secondary heater 29, wherein the primary heater 26 and the secondary heater 29 are connected through a heater connecting pipe 27, a desuperheater 28 is arranged on the heater connecting pipe 27 and used for controlling the outlet steam temperature of the secondary heater, the overtemperature of a heating surface is avoided, the aim of controlling the steam outlet temperature is achieved, the desuperheater 28 is not arranged at the outlet of the secondary heater 29, and the risk of carrying water by the outlet steam is avoided. Of course, three or more than three stages of heaters can be arranged according to the external steam heating condition, and a desuperheater is also arranged between the stages to control the outlet steam temperature of the heater of the next stage, so that the overtemperature of a heating surface is avoided, and the aim of controlling the steam outlet temperature is fulfilled.
As shown in fig. 4, the third heating mechanism includes a third external saturated steam inlet pipe 41, a steam-steam heat exchanger 42 with a steam-water separation device, a heat exchanger drain pipe 43, an external saturated steam outlet pipe 44, a boiler steam inlet pipe 45 and a boiler steam outlet pipe 47, the third external saturated steam inlet pipe 41 is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger 42, a boiler primary high-temperature heating surface 46 in the boiler is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger 42 through the boiler steam inlet pipe 45, a boiler secondary high-temperature heating surface 48 in the boiler is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger 42 through the boiler steam outlet pipe 47, and the external saturated steam outlet pipe 44 is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger 42. The temperature of the high-temperature steam from the boiler body is at least 10 ℃ higher than the outlet temperature required by the heated steam, the high-temperature steam leaves the steam-steam heat exchanger after releasing heat and returns to the boiler body to continue absorbing heat, and the high-temperature steam can also be used as an external heat source or steam source.
The invention also provides a method for heating external steam of the thermal power boiler, which adopts different heating modes according to different external saturated steam pressures and different external steam outlet temperatures, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the external saturated steam pressure is matched with the pressure of the main steam system of the boiler, the external saturated steam is heated by adopting a first heating mechanism, firstly enters a separately arranged steam-water separator for steam-liquid separation, and the separated dry saturated steam is mixed with the saturated steam produced by the boiler drum of the boiler in a separately arranged steam collecting box and then enters a next stage superheater of the boiler for overheating.
Specifically, after saturated steam from an outlet of a waste heat boiler is conveyed by a long-distance pipeline, the dryness of the saturated steam is reduced due to pressure loss and other reasons, a first heating mechanism is adopted to heat the heated surface of the boiler superheater, external saturated steam is firstly introduced into a first steam-water separator through a first external saturated steam inlet pipeline, steam-liquid separation is carried out in the first steam-water separator, the steam-water separator is arranged at a position higher than a boiler barrel, the gravity separation principle is adopted, enough space height is arranged in the steam-water separator to carry out gravity separation, separated water is discharged into the water space of the boiler barrel through a first separator drain pipeline below the separator, the separated water is recovered, and the separated water can also be introduced into other equipment of a power plant, such as a deaerator and a flash vessel, and the separated dry saturated steam is led out from a first separator outlet pipe at the upper part of the separator and enters a steam collecting box; the steam-water mixture from the water-cooling heating surface of the boiler enters the boiler barrel through the steam-water connecting pipe, steam-liquid separation is carried out in the boiler barrel, dry saturated steam is led out from the saturated steam leading-out pipe of the boiler barrel at the top of the boiler barrel, enters the steam collecting box and is converged with dry saturated steam from the first steam-water separator, and the mixed dry saturated steam is led out from the steam collecting box and enters the heating surface of the next stage of the boiler through the mixed steam leading-out pipe for heating.
When the external saturated steam pressure is not matched with the pressure of the main steam system of the boiler, and the requirement on the temperature of the outlet steam is higher, the external saturated steam is heated by adopting a second heating mechanism, firstly enters a separately arranged steam-water separator for steam-liquid separation, and the separated dry saturated steam enters an independent heater arranged at the tail flue of the boiler for heating, and is led out of the boiler after reaching the required steam temperature. In the heating mode, when external steam is interrupted, the independent heater of the tail convection flue has the risk of dry burning, and a device for avoiding dry burning is required to be synchronously arranged.
Specifically, after saturated steam produced by the waste heat boiler is conveyed by a long-distance pipeline, the dryness of the saturated steam is reduced due to pressure loss and other reasons, in order to prevent the damage of the heating surface of the heater caused by the water vapor, a second heating mechanism is adopted to heat the saturated steam, the external saturated steam is firstly introduced into a second steam-water separator through a second external saturated steam inlet pipeline, the steam-liquid separation is carried out in the second steam-water separator, the separated water enters a deaerator or a flash vessel through a second separator drain pipeline at the lower end of the separator, the separated dry saturated steam is led out from a second separator outlet pipe, enters a heater inlet header, sequentially flows through a primary heater 26 and a secondary heater 29, leaves the boiler and is sent to steam using equipment.
When the external saturated steam flow is smaller and the temperature of the required outlet steam is lower than the temperature of the steam outlet of the boiler system, the external saturated steam is heated by adopting a third heating mechanism, part of high-temperature steam is led from the boiler body, the external steam is heated in a separately arranged steam-steam heat exchanger so as to heat the external saturated steam to the required temperature, and the steam after heat release returns to the steam system of the boiler body to be heated continuously. In the steam-steam heat exchanger adopted in the heating mode, steam-water separation devices (such as corrugated plate separators) are arranged at the inlet sections of the incoming steam and the outgoing steam inside the heat exchanger so as to separate the steam from the external steam, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. In addition, the heating mode has no risk of dry heating even if external steam is interrupted.
Specifically, when the third heating mechanism is adopted for heating, saturated steam from a third external saturated steam inlet pipeline firstly enters a steam-water separation device arranged in a steam-steam heat exchanger, separated water enters a deaerator or a flash vessel through a heat exchanger drainage pipeline, separated dry saturated steam flows outside a built-in pipe of the heat exchanger, high-temperature steam from a first-stage high-temperature heating surface of a boiler enters the heat exchanger through a boiler steam inlet pipeline, flows inside the built-in pipe of the heat exchanger, the flowing directions of the two flows are opposite to improve the heat exchange temperature difference, heat transfer is enhanced, the high-temperature steam after heat exchange returns to a second-stage high-temperature heating surface of the boiler through a boiler steam outlet pipeline to continuously absorb heat, and the heated external steam can also be used as an external heat source or steam source and is led out by an external saturated steam outlet pipeline and sent to steam utilization equipment.
It should be noted that the method for heating external steam in the boiler according to the present invention is not only applicable to coal-fired boilers, but also to boilers that burn other fuels, such as other solid fuels, gaseous fuels or liquid fuels.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a system for thermal power boiler heating extraneous steam, includes coal fired boiler furnace region (1), afterbody flue region (2) and drum (6), its characterized in that: a first heating mechanism is arranged above a boiler barrel (6) at the top of the boiler, and/or a second heating mechanism is arranged at a tail flue area (2), and/or a third heating mechanism is arranged at a high-temperature steam extraction point of the boiler;
the first heating mechanism is used for coupling external saturated steam with the main steam of the boiler under the condition that the external saturated steam pressure is equivalent to the main steam system pressure of the boiler;
the second heating mechanism is used for heating the external steam by arranging an independent heater in a boiler tail flue area (2) under the condition that the external saturated steam pressure is greatly different from the pressure of a main steam system of the boiler;
the third heating mechanism is used for heating external steam in a heat exchanger which is independently arranged outside the boiler by adopting high-temperature steam led from the inside of the boiler under the conditions that the external saturated steam flow is smaller and the temperature of the steam at the outlet is required to be lower than the temperature of the steam at the steam outlet of the boiler system;
the first heating mechanism comprises a first external saturated steam inlet pipeline (3), a first steam-water separator (4), a first separator drain pipeline (5), a steam-water connecting pipe (7), a drum saturated steam eduction pipe (8), a first separator eduction pipe (9), a steam collecting box (11) and a mixed steam eduction pipe (12), the first external saturated steam inlet pipeline (3) is connected with the top inlet of the first steam-water separator (4), the first steam-water separator (4) is arranged at a position higher than the drum (6), the bottom of the first steam-water separator (4) is connected with the water space of the drum (6) through the first separator drain pipeline (5), the top of the first steam-water separator (4) is connected with the steam collecting box (11) through the first separator eduction pipe (9), the connecting pipe (7) is connected with the drum (6), the drum (6) is connected with the steam collecting box (11) through the drum saturated steam eduction pipe (8), and the steam collecting box (11) sends mixed steam to the lower saturated steam receiving side through the mixed steam eduction pipe (12).
2. The system for heating external steam for a thermal power boiler according to claim 1, wherein: a check valve (10) is provided on the first separator outlet pipe (9).
3. The system for heating external steam for a thermal power boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the second heating mechanism comprises a second external saturated steam inlet pipeline (21), a second steam-water separator (22), a second separator drain pipeline (23), a second separator eduction tube (24), a heater inlet header (25), a heater outlet header (30), an external steam eduction tube (31) and a multi-stage heating assembly arranged in the tail flue region (2), the second external saturated steam inlet pipeline (21) is connected with the top inlet of the second steam-water separator (22), the steam outlet position of the second steam-water separator (22) is lower than the heater inlet header (25), the second steam-water separator (22) is connected with the heater inlet header (25) through the second separator eduction tube (24), the multi-stage heating assembly is respectively connected with the heater inlet header (25) and the heater outlet header (30), and the heater outlet header (30) is connected with the external steam eduction tube (31).
4. A system for heating extraneous steam for a thermal power boiler according to claim 3, wherein: the multistage heating assembly comprises multistage heaters arranged in the tail flue region (2), two adjacent stages of heaters are connected through a heater connecting pipe (27), a desuperheater (28) is arranged on the heater connecting pipe (27), and a desuperheater (28) is not arranged at the outlet of the final stage heater.
5. The system for heating external steam for a thermal power boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the third heating mechanism comprises a third external saturated steam inlet pipeline (41), a steam-steam heat exchanger (42) with a steam-water separation device, a heat exchanger drain pipeline (43), an external saturated steam outlet pipeline (44), a boiler steam inlet pipeline (45) and a boiler steam outlet pipeline (47), wherein the third external saturated steam inlet pipeline (41) is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger (42), a first-stage high-temperature heating surface (46) in the boiler is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger (42) through the boiler steam inlet pipeline (45), a second-stage high-temperature heating surface (48) in the boiler is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger (42) through the boiler steam outlet pipeline (47), and the external saturated steam outlet pipeline (44) is connected with the steam-steam heat exchanger (42).
6. A method for heating external steam by a thermal power boiler, which is characterized in that: according to the difference of external saturated steam pressure, different heating modes are adopted, specifically:
when the external saturated steam pressure is matched with the pressure of a main steam system of the boiler, heating the external saturated steam by adopting a first heating mechanism, introducing the external saturated steam into a first steam-water separator through a first external saturated steam inlet pipeline, performing steam-liquid separation in the first steam-water separator, mixing the separated dry saturated steam with saturated steam produced from a boiler drum in a separately arranged steam collecting box, and then entering a next stage superheater of the boiler for superheating;
when the external saturated steam pressure is not matched with the pressure of the main steam system of the boiler, the external saturated steam is heated by adopting a second heating mechanism, and the separated dry saturated steam enters an independent heater arranged at the tail flue of the boiler for heating;
when the external saturated steam flow is smaller and the temperature of the required outlet steam is lower than the temperature of the steam outlet of the boiler system, the external saturated steam is heated by adopting a third heating mechanism, part of high-temperature steam is led from the boiler body, and the external steam is heated in a separately arranged steam-steam heat exchanger;
when the first heating mechanism is adopted for heating, external saturated steam is firstly introduced into the first steam-water separator through a first external saturated steam inlet pipeline, steam-liquid separation is carried out in the first steam-water separator, separated water is discharged into a drum water space through a first separator drain pipeline below the separator, separated water is recovered, separated dry saturated steam is led out from a first separator eduction pipe at the upper part of the separator, and the separated dry saturated steam enters a steam collecting box;
the steam-water mixture from the water-cooling heating surface of the boiler enters the boiler barrel through the steam-water connecting pipe, steam-liquid separation is carried out in the boiler barrel, dry saturated steam is led out from the saturated steam leading-out pipe of the boiler barrel at the top of the boiler barrel, enters the steam collecting box and is converged with dry saturated steam from the first steam-water separator, and the mixed dry saturated steam is led out from the steam collecting box and enters the heating surface of the next stage of the boiler through the mixed steam leading-out pipe for heating.
7. The method for heating external steam for a thermal power boiler according to claim 6, wherein: when the second heating mechanism is used for heating, external saturated steam is firstly introduced into the second steam-water separator through the second external saturated steam inlet pipeline, steam-liquid separation is carried out in the second steam-water separator, separated water enters the deaerator or the expander through the second separator drain pipeline at the lower end of the separator, separated dry saturated steam is led out from the second separator outlet pipe, enters the heater inlet header, sequentially flows through the primary heater and the secondary heater, leaves the boiler, and is sent to the steam using equipment.
8. The method for heating external steam for a thermal power boiler according to claim 6, wherein: when the third heating mechanism is adopted for heating, saturated steam from a third external saturated steam inlet pipeline firstly enters a steam-water separation device arranged in a steam-steam heat exchanger, separated water enters a deaerator or a flash vessel through a heat exchanger drainage pipeline, separated dry saturated steam flows outside a built-in pipe of the heat exchanger, high-temperature steam from a first-stage high-temperature heating surface of a boiler enters the heat exchanger through a boiler steam inlet pipeline and flows in the built-in pipe of the heat exchanger, heat-exchanged high-temperature steam returns to a second-stage high-temperature heating surface of the boiler through a boiler steam outlet pipeline for continuously absorbing heat, and heated external steam is led out through an external saturated steam outlet pipeline and is sent to steam utilization equipment.
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