CN103089439B - Boulez pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle cogeneration device - Google Patents
Boulez pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle cogeneration device Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Boulez pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle cogeneration method and device, adopt the thermal source of exhaust as steam Rankine cycle system of gas turbine, stram condenser in steam Rankine cycle is as the thermal source of low-temperature end organic Rankine bottoming cycle, vapour condenser adopts operation under positive pressure mode, the latent heat of vaporization of high efficiente callback steam is used for generating, thus Boulez is paused-steam Rankine-organic Rankine bottoming cycle is combined with each other and forms new combined cycle system, adopt the method for organic working medium and flue gas indirect heat exchange, organic working medium is avoided to follow the direct contact of flue gas, solve a difficult problem for ORC unit safety operation, simultaneously effectively reduce temperature of exhaust fume and avoid the cold end corrosion of flue gas.The present invention both can be used for the reducing energy consumption of existing unit, also can be used for the design of new-built unit, construction, was particularly suitable for newly-built, the enlarging in the area such as severe cold, water-deficient area, short of electricity, reconstruction generator set, and economic, society, environmental benefit are remarkable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Boulez pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle generating unit, and concrete genus thermal power plant field of power equipment technology.
Background technique
Combustion gas one Steam Combined Cycle is because of series of advantages such as its thermal efficiency are high, toggle speed is fast, environmental protection condition is good, installation period is short, investment cost is low, add the develop rapidly of gas turbine technology in recent years, gas turbine single-machine capacity also continues to increase, and combined cycle research has caused attention and the enforcement of countries in the world.
The research of external combined cycle generation technology starts from eighties of last century end of the sixties, through the development of decades, at present, the combustion gas one steam combined cycle power generating technology comparative maturity of many developed countries such as the U.S., Britain, Japan, its power supply efficiency reaches more than 50%.If U.S. CE company is about 53%; ABB AB is 48% ~ 51.9%; Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd are 5l% ~ 52%.Many companies (as Texco company of the U.S., Belgian CMI company etc.) all have the Combined Cycle Heat Recovery Boiler performance design of comparative maturity, system optimization, structure optimization, manufacturing technology, and have grasped thermodynamic property and the roadability of Combined Cycle Heat Recovery Boiler completely.The extraction cycle of Gas-steam Combined Cycle and the at present Cheng's cycle of two-fluid circulation-steam injected gas turbine just under development and the blower outlet water-spraying evaporation at gas turbine, the representative of this technical development just, the former is full-fledged, achieve huge economic benefit, rear both are stepping up among research, and Cheng's cycle has application example and formal product.
Modern big-and-middle-sized steam power plant all adopts the heated feed water extraction cycle that draws gas without any exception, employing is drawn gas after backheat heated feed water, feed temperature is improved, thus improve heating mean temperature, except considerably improving thermal efficiency of cycle, though specific steam consumption increases to some extent, owing to drawing gas step by step, steam discharge rate is reduced, this is conducive to the ratio i.e. internal efficiency ratio η of this circulation of actual acting amount and theoretical acting amount
oiraising, solve simultaneously large steam turbine exhaust stage blade negotiability restriction difficulty, vapour condenser volume also can correspondingly reduce.But still discharge a large amount of latent heats of vaporization when steam condenses in vapour condenser, need a large amount of water or air to cool, namely waste heat, cause thermo-pollution, waste again electric energy, water resources.Therefore how effectively to utilize a large amount of latent heat of vaporization discharged during steam condensation in vapour condenser, be worth further investigation.
Give off a large amount of flue gases in station boiler production process, wherein the heat of recoverable is a lot.Also need in station boiler running to ensure that the water quality of boiler meets demand for security by continuous blowdown and periodical blowdown, the oxygen in boiler feed water must be removed, to avoid the corrosion to steam generator system simultaneously.Current thermal deaerator is the one preferred technique of station boiler, and oxygen-eliminating device, while work, is carried a large amount of working steams secretly and entered air.Owing to containing a large amount of heats and excellent water quality in boiler platoon water and deaerator exhaust, if directly discharge will cause the great energy and the wasting of resources, and to environment.Although the waste of these two-part residual heat resources is huge, recycle and have larger difficulty, its main cause is: the quality of (1) waste heat is lower, does not find effective Application way; (2) waste heat of reclaimer three part, often makes larger change to the original thermodynamic system of boiler, has certain risk; (3) thermal balance question is difficult to tissue, is difficult to all directly utilize in inside plants, often needs outwards to find suitable heat user, and heat user often have fluctuation by heat load, thus limit the versatility of recovery method.
Zhang Hong (the organic Rankine bottoming cycle pure low-temperature cogeneration technology [J] of low boiling working fluid. cement .2006.No.8) compare conventional water vapour Rankine cycle and the organic Rankine bottoming cycle features when reclaiming low etc. and middle constant enthalpy heat for pentane.
When utilizing low temperature organic working medium, capital equipment has: vaporizer, steam turbine, condenser and pentane recycle pump.For low grade and medium enthalpy heat, ORC technology has many good qualities than conventional water vapour Rankine cycle, mainly in recovery sensible heat, has higher efficiency, and because in circulation, sensible heat/latent heat ratio is unequal, in ORC technology, this ratio is large.Therefore ORC technology is adopted can to reclaim more heat than water steam.
But ORC technology also has its intrinsic shortcoming: because organic working medium may have the features such as flammable, blast, when boiler or industrial furnace back-end ductwork utilize fume afterheat to organize ORC, the leakage that in flue gas, dust etc. causes the wearing and tearing, corrosion etc. of the heat exchanger be arranged in flue must be considered, the protection etc. of explosion protection and environment and the job site of drawing thus must be considered.This is the difficult problem that ORC technology reclaims dust-laden, must solve when having the fume afterheat of corrosive deposit in electric power station system.
Xiong Yiquan (multi-stage Rankine cycle [J] of high-power output. electric power information .1997.No.1) the electric power information translated selected passages points out, when boundary conditions is identical, when namely having identical cold & heat source inlet temperature, heat capacity ratio, heat exchanger conductivity, then multi-stage Rankine cycle has better roadability than single-stage Rankine cycle.Multi-stage Rankine cycle so there is this premium properties, mainly due in coupling maximum power circulating heat transfer process by flexibility specific to adjustment boiler pressure and relevant temperature.Obviously this thermal source is for boiler, i.e. the flue gas of high temperature.
The above-mentioned ORC generation technology mentioned also has its intrinsic shortcoming: as organic working medium may have the features such as flammable, blast, when boiler or industrial furnace back-end ductwork utilize fume afterheat to organize ORC, the leakage that in flue gas, dust etc. causes the wearing and tearing, corrosion etc. of the heat exchanger be arranged in flue must be considered, the protection etc. of explosion protection and environment and the job site of drawing thus must be considered.This is the difficult problem that ORC generation technology must solve when reclaiming dust-laden in electric power station system, have the fume afterheat of corrosive deposit and even directly apply to thermal power plant.
Therefore the thermomechanics basic law in steam Rankine cycle thermal power plant how is utilized, use for reference the innovative approach that the combined cycle scheduling theory such as thinking and Rankine-Kalina is organized in compound Rankine cycle, retain the advantage based on the power plant technology of Rankine cycle principle, inquire into new combined cycle theoretical, really find the new way increasing substantially thermodynamic cycle power plant thermal efficiency, become the difficult point of this area research.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is the shortcoming solving the existence of the technology such as above-mentioned steam Rankine cycle and organic Rankine bottoming cycle, proposing a kind of new Boulez pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle system, traditional steam Rankine cycle can be substituted, Gas-steam Combined Cycle and Cheng's cycle unit, the difficult problem that a large amount of latent heat of vaporization discharged when simultaneously solving steam condensation in the key issue of organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit safety operation and vapour condenser reclaims, adopt vapour condenser operation under positive pressure mode, the latent heat of vaporization in recovered steam Rankine cycle during steam condensation is used for the generating of low-temperature end organic Rankine bottoming cycle, thus realize the thermal efficiency effectively improving whole Combined Cycle Unit, finally reach energy-saving and cost-reducing, improve the object of system thermal efficiency.
The object of the invention is to be realized by following measures:
A kind of Boulez pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle cogeneration device, and this device comprises Boulez and to pause circulation, steam Rankine cycle, low-temperature end organic rankine cycle system, it is characterized in that:
Air 35 sends into fuel-burning equipment 37 through gas compressor 36, and with fuel 38 Thorough combustion entered, the high-temperature flue gas of generation enters gas turbine 39, drags gas turbine powered generator 41 and generates electricity, complete gas turbine unit Boulez and to pause circulation.
Described gas turbine 39 high-temperature flue gas 40 of discharging is as the thermal source of steam Rankine cycle system, and high-temperature flue gas 40 is discharged after reducing temperature through exhaust heat boiler body 1, superheater 2, feed water preheater 8, vaporizer 13-1.
Described steam Rankine cycle, refers to by exhaust heat boiler body 1 saturated vapour 2 out, forms superheated vapor 3-1 through superheater 3, sends into steam turbine 4 and drives steam-driven generator 21 to generate electricity; Steam turbine 4 exhaust steam 5 out forms water of condensation 6 through superheater 9, condenser/evaporator 10, and water of condensation 6 through feed water pump 7, feed water preheater 8, exhaust heat boiler body 1, then produces saturated vapour, thus forms steam Rankine cycle circuit.
Described organic Rankine bottoming cycle, refer to that liquid organic working medium 11 sends into condenser/evaporator 10, cooling evaporator 12, organic working medium vaporizer 14 respectively or successively through recycle pump 12, the organic working medium steam produced forms organic working medium superheated vapor 16 through superheater 9, enter organic working medium steam turbine 17 again, drag organic working medium generator 20 to generate electricity, the exhaust steam of discharging from organic working medium steam turbine 17 cools the liquid organic working medium 11 of formation through organic working medium condenser 18, enter recycle pump 12 again, thus form organic Rankine cycle circuit.
Described liquid organic working medium 11 is the organic working medium of one-component, or be low boiling component with organic working medium, the high boiling component mixed solution etc. that is absorbing agent.
When described liquid organic working medium is Multi component, liquid organic working medium 11 through recycle pump 12 or and regenerator 15 send into condenser/evaporator 10, cooling evaporator 12, organic working medium vaporizer 14 successively or respectively, the lean solution formed returns organic working medium condenser 18 through regenerator 15, the pipeline 19 that backflows, the organic working medium steam produced forms liquid organic working medium 11 through superheater 9, organic working medium steam turbine 17, organic working medium vaporizer 14, organic working medium condenser 18, return recycle pump 12, thus form organic Rankine cycle circuit.
The pressure of the exhaust steam 5 that described steam turbine 4 is discharged is higher than atmospheric pressure.
Described steam Rankine cycle circuit and organic Rankine bottoming cycle loop by superheater 9, condenser/evaporator 10 or and cooling evaporator 13 or and organic working medium vaporizer 14, by the Rankine cycle of temperature end steam together with low-temperature end organic Rankine bottoming cycle organic composite, the latent heat of vaporization discharged during the steam-condensation of high efficiente callback temperature end steam Rankine cycle generates electricity for low-temperature end organic Rankine bottoming cycle.
Heat transferring medium organic working medium and the flue gas of described cooling evaporator 13 adopt separated type heat exchange mode, cooling evaporator 13 comprises vaporizer 13-1, condenser 13-2, wherein vaporizer 13-1 is arranged in flue 23, condenser 13-2 is arranged in outside flue 23, and phase-change working substance wherein adopts water or other suitable materials; The heat that phase-change working substance absorbs flue gas in vaporizer 13-1 produces saturated vapour, saturated vapour is as the thermal source of liquid organic working medium 11, by condenser 13-2 and liquid organic working medium 11 wall-type heat exchange, form condensation water after cooling and produce steam again by the heat of vaporizer 13-1 absorption flue gas again, thus form the Inner eycle loop of phase-change working substance; Phase-change working substance adopts natural circulation or pump circulation mode.
Be provided with exhaust steam regenerator 22: the organic working medium steam that organic working medium vaporizer 14 produces gets back to organic working medium vaporizer 14 through exhaust steam regenerator 22, superheater 9, organic working medium steam turbine 17, exhaust steam regenerator 22, organic working medium vaporizer 14, organic working medium condenser 18, recycle pump 12, thus forms organic Rankine cycle circuit.
Be provided with the makeup Water System supporting with steam Rankine cycle system: the distilled water 24 in distilled water tank 25, after small pump 26, normal temp. deaerator 27 deoxygenation, mixed bed 28 desalination, fill into steam Rankine cycle system.
Described feed water preheater 8, superheater 9, condenser/evaporator 10, cooling evaporator 13, organic working medium vaporizer 14, exhaust steam regenerator 22 can arrange one or more respectively, adopt series, parallel or series-parallel connection mode to connect.
Described organic working medium condenser 18 conveniently technology is arranged, and adopts water or air etc. as cooling medium.
The heat-exchanging element of aforementioned device mentioned in the present invention can adopt tubulation, fin tube, coiler or spiral groove pipe, or adopts the pipe of other augmentation of heat transfer measures or the hollow cavity heat-exchanging element of other patterns.
While controlling a little higher than flue gas acid dew point temperature of wall surface temperature of vaporizer 13-1 heat exchanger surface, or adopt corrosion-resistant material effectively to alleviate the cold end corrosion of flue gas, can effectively reduce temperature of exhaust fume, avoiding flue gas low-temperature to corrode, high efficiente callback fume afterheat.
When gas turbine in the present invention becomes other pneumatic motors such as internal-combustion engine, Stirling-electric hybrid, the electricity generating device such as Otto-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle, Stirling cycle-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle can be formed equally.
Unaccounted equipment and standby system, pipeline, instrument, valve in the present invention, be incubated, there is regulatory function bypass facility etc. adopt known mature technology to carry out supporting.
Be provided with the regulating controller supporting with present system, the known Mature Regulation technology of existing steam Rankine cycle power station, Cheng's cycle power station or gas-steam combined cycle power plant is adopted to carry out supporting, steam Rankine-Ka Linne combined cycle generating unit energy economy, safety, high thermal efficiency are run, reaches energy-saving and cost-reducing object.
the present invention compared to existing technology tool has the following advantages:
1, energy-saving effect is remarkable: the Boulez of the present invention's design pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle generating unit, be different from traditional steam Rankine cycle based on Rankine cycle principle, the Cheng Cycle system of Gas-steam Combined Cycle and steam injection and utilize vapor plume as the combined cycle system of the organic Rankine bottoming cycle of thermal source, adopt combustion turbine exhaustion as the thermal source of steam Rankine cycle, the condenser of steam Rankine cycle system is as the vaporizer of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, the latent heat of vaporization of high efficiente callback steam is used for organic Rankine bottoming cycle generating, the utilization of organic Rankine bottoming cycle centering low-temperature heat source is utilized to have more high efficiency feature, have completely and can reach, exceed the level of original gas-steam combined circulating generation unit, that one of conventional electric power generation technology is improved greatly.
Adopt vapour condenser operation under positive pressure mode, using the thermal source of the turbine discharge of steam Rankine cycle as organic Rankine bottoming cycle, the utilization of organic rankine cycle system centering low-temperature heat source is utilized to have more high efficiency feature, be combined with each other ingenious for the vaporizer in vapour condenser and organic Rankine bottoming cycle, the gasification latent heat of steam is utilized effectively, except steam sensible heat utilization etc. has higher efficiency than steam Rankine cycle, only utilize the latent heat of vaporization of steam to generate electricity this block just nearly more than 50 KWhs/ton of steam, therefore the absolute thermal efficiency of whole system improves more than 2%; Because back pressure adopts malleation mode to run, steam turbine outlet exhaust steam can ensure certain degree of superheat, improves thermal efficiency of cycle further by the method suitably improving steam first pressing, and the specific volume exporting exhaust steam due to steam turbine diminishes, and reduces the size of equipment.
2, the equipment of steam Rankine cycle system and capital investment significantly reduce, and the operating cost of whole Combined Cycle Unit reduces significantly:
(1) vapour condenser of steam Rankine cycle system is owing to adopting operation under positive pressure mode, eliminate that traditional negative pressure operation technique inevitably leaks gas, water leakage phenomenon, oxygen-eliminating device is arranged at outside Rankine cycle delivery (pipe) line system, the feedwater deaeration load of oxygen-eliminating device significantly alleviates, deaeration plant capacity is little, compare the large high-rise arrangement space of traditional oxygen-eliminating device, required space is little, and flexible arrangement is convenient;
(2) owing to eliminating the inlet pressure raising of condensate pump, feed water pump, the power consumption of feed water pump effectively reduces, and the station-service electricity of system effectively reduces; Cancel the recirculating cooling water system of original system simultaneously, because of steam the latent heat of vaporization about 15% by the card Linne circulatory system for generating, organic rankine cycle system cooling water system power consumption reduce by more than 30%; Consider the high-temperature stability needed for feed water pump and Security, investment may be high, can consider to adopt condensate super-cooling measure;
(3) low-pressure heater in conventional vapor Rankine cycle, air ejector are cancelled;
(4) much smaller than traditional vapour condenser of the steam specific volume entering vapour condenser because discharging, vapour condenser volume ratio conventional art much smaller and without the need to using the brass tube a large amount of in traditional vapour condenser, price is high, equipment price is thus much lower; In organic Rankine bottoming cycle organic working medium condenser because of pressure high, specific volume is little, and the line size in organic working medium steam turbine (particularly the height of its exhaust stage blade), exhaust duct and condenser is less, reduces investment further.
3, the three wastes of power plant realize integrated utilization: during the heat exchanger employing phase-change heat-exchanger that back-end ductwork is arranged, can the waste heat of high efficiente callback flue gas, temperature of exhaust fume can be reduced to about 120 DEG C, during phase-change heat-exchanger vaporizer employing resistant material, temperature of exhaust fume can reduce more, reaches about 85 DEG C, very favourable to the operation of system for desulfuration and denitration, while effectively avoiding flue gas low-temperature to corrode, the heat of recovery is used for organic rankine cycle system efficiency power generation, more meets cascaded utilization of energy principle.The waste heat such as waste water, waste vapour that steam Rankine cycle system produces all can be included organic rankine cycle system in and recycle.Fundamentally eliminate other waste gas, waste water, waste vapour waste heat recovering device to the impact of whole unit circulation system, realize the integrated utilization of the real meaning of whole power plant system waste heat, water saving, successful such as joint vapour, economize on electricity etc.
4, safety in operation significantly improves:
(1) for pentane, the density ratio water vapour of pentane is large, specific volume is less than water vapour, and the line size in organic working medium steam turbine (particularly the height of its exhaust stage blade), exhaust duct and air-cooled condenser is less.Organic working medium remains drying regime in expansion work process, this obviates the possibility forming moisture and the possibility working as high speed droplet impact failure decompressor impeller.So ORC can more effectively adapt to operation at part load and large power variation than steam turbine, and the vibration of organic steam turbine generator group is than having clear improvement;
Steam turbine operation under positive pressure, outlet vapor is superheated vapor, fundamentally eliminate the problem that in conventional vapor Rankine cycle, last stage vane of steam turbine brings because of wet vapor to design, manufacture and operation problem, and bulky problem, the operating conditions of steam turbine is optimized, and obviously improves before the vibration comparatively of steam turbine generator set; Compared with water vapour, because the velocity of sound of organic working medium is low, can obtain favourable aerodynamic force when low blades speed and coordinate, turbine can obtain higher efficiency when 50Hz, does not need to fill gearbox;
(2) compared to traditional organic Rankine bottoming cycle technology, when adopting preferred version, without the need to arranging the heat exchanger of dividing wall type in flue, the better split type phase-change heat-exchanger condenser of Security that adopts in generation reclaims heat, and numerous safety problems that the wearing and tearing caused because of the dust in flue gas, aggressive medium etc., corrosion cause organic working medium to follow smoke contacts and cause are solved at all; Organic working medium carries out wall-type heat exchange in phase-change heat-exchanger condenser, because nontoxic, the non-combustion-supporting material of water vapour, the non-excellent feature such as flammable, fire-retardant, even if leak, accident also easily obtains process, controls, the vaporizer in organic Rankine bottoming cycle or and the operating conditions of superheater obviously improve;
(3) because steam Rankine cycle steam discharge adopts malleation, therefore can guide to by pipeline the safe place adopting reliable protection measure, organic rankine cycle system (comprising phase-change heat-exchanger condenser) independently can be arranged in safe and reliable protective zone and to be equipped with reliable safety installations, avoid directly being staggered in together and the problems that cause with steam Rankine cycle system, the Security of organic rankine cycle system obtains Reliable guarantee, for its industrial applications eliminates safe hidden trouble further;
(4) the oxygen corrosion Safety performance of steam boiler system is obviously improved, and alleviates conventional vapor generator set because of the operation of vapour condenser negative pressure, the oxygen corrosion harm that air unavoidably bleeds and causes service system.
5, the solution of the present invention both can be used for design, the construction of newly-built combined power plants system, also can be used for existing pure condensate formula, take out solidifying, take out the back of the body unit carry out reducing energy consumption, the potentiality of the abundant excavating device of energy, vitalize existing assets, meet the industrial policy of country simultaneously, economical, the Security of unit operation obtain Reliable guarantee, effectively can improve the thermal efficiency of system.
For new power plant construction, the complete set technology of steam electric power unit equipment is easier to solve: for the steam electric power unit in newly-built combined cycle, can retrofit to existing ripe type easily in manufactory field, at the maintenance a little higher than barometric pressure of back pressure under guaranteeing the prerequisite of vapour condenser operation under positive pressure, as the impeller by removing final stage, blade, dividing plate, diaphragm housing ring, or the impeller of final stage, blade dividing plate, diaphragm housing ring are redesigned, supporting, separately add the dynamic and static balance that counterweight circle keeps rotor; Improved front and back bearings centre distance is constant, constant with the Placement of generator, countercylinder part, and by installing shutoff spiral case additional to intermediate pressure cylinder, prime shutoff spiral case place sets up new built-in sealing gland, and after final stage, perforate is as back pressure steam-expelling port; Regulating system part only needs to increase back pressure exhaust steam pressure protective gear, to strengthen the Security of unit operation.
For newly-designed power plant, by improving the means such as steam first pressing, adopt the solution of the present invention can be at war with traditional gas-steam combined cycle set.
6, newly-built, the enlarging in the areas such as severe cold, water-deficient area, short of electricity, reconstruction generator set is suitable for being applied to especially.Be suitable for being applied to newly-built, the enlarging in the areas such as severe cold, water-deficient area, short of electricity, reconstruction generator set especially.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that a kind of Boulez of the present invention pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle generating unit schematic flow sheet.
In Fig. 1: 1-boiler body, 2-saturated vapour, 3-superheater, 3-1-superheated vapor, 4-steam turbine, 5-exhaust steam, 6-water of condensation, 7-feed water pump, 8-feed water preheater, 9-superheater, 10-condenser/evaporator, the liquid organic working medium of 11-, 12-recycle pump, 13-cooling evaporator, 13-1-vaporizer, 13-2-condenser, 14-organic working medium vaporizer, 15-regenerator, 16-organic working medium superheated vapor, 17-organic working medium steam turbine, 18-organic working medium condenser, 19-backflows liquid, 20-organic working medium generator, 21-vapour generator, 22-exhaust steam regenerator, 23-flue, 24-distilled water, 25-distilled water tank, 26-small pump, 27-oxygen-eliminating device, 28-mixed bed, 29-backflows water pipeline, 35-air, 36-gas compressor, 37-fuel-burning equipment, 38-fuel, 39-gas turbine, 40-high-temperature flue gas, 41-gas turbine powered generator.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Boulez pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle cogeneration device, and organic working medium adopts double-component, and this device comprises Boulez and to pause circulating generation unit, steam turbine generator set, low-temperature end organic Rankine bottoming cycle generator set:
Air 35 sends into fuel-burning equipment 37 through gas compressor 36, and with fuel 38 Thorough combustion entered, the high-temperature flue gas of generation enters gas turbine 39, drags gas turbine powered generator 41 and generates electricity, complete gas turbine unit Boulez and to pause circulation.
Described gas turbine 39 high-temperature flue gas 40 of discharging is as the thermal source of steam Rankine cycle system, and high-temperature flue gas 40 is discharged after reducing temperature through exhaust heat boiler body 1, superheater 2, feed water preheater 8, vaporizer 13-1.
Described steam Rankine cycle, refers to by exhaust heat boiler body 1 saturated vapour 2 out, forms superheated vapor 3-1 through superheater 3, sends into steam turbine 4 and drives steam-driven generator 21 to generate electricity; Steam turbine 4 exhaust steam 5 out forms water of condensation 6 through superheater 9, condenser/evaporator 10, and water of condensation 6 through feed water pump 7, feed water preheater 8, exhaust heat boiler body 1, then produces saturated vapour, thus forms steam Rankine cycle circuit.
Described organic Rankine bottoming cycle, refer to that liquid organic working medium 11 sends into condenser/evaporator 10, cooling evaporator 12, organic working medium vaporizer 14 respectively or successively through recycle pump 12, the organic working medium steam produced forms organic working medium superheated vapor 16 through superheater 9, enter organic working medium steam turbine 17 again, drag organic working medium generator 20 to generate electricity, the exhaust steam of discharging from organic working medium steam turbine 17 cools the liquid organic working medium 11 of formation through organic working medium condenser 18, enter recycle pump 12 again, thus form organic Rankine cycle circuit.
When described liquid organic working medium is Multi component, liquid organic working medium 11 through recycle pump 12 or and regenerator 15 send into condenser/evaporator 10, cooling evaporator 12, organic working medium vaporizer 14 successively or respectively, the lean solution formed returns organic working medium condenser 18 through regenerator 15, the pipeline 19 that backflows, the organic working medium steam produced forms liquid organic working medium 11 through superheater 9, organic working medium steam turbine 17, organic working medium vaporizer 14, organic working medium condenser 18, return recycle pump 12, thus form organic Rankine cycle circuit.
The pressure of the exhaust steam 5 that described steam turbine 4 is discharged is higher than atmospheric pressure.
Described steam Rankine cycle circuit and organic Rankine bottoming cycle loop are by superheater 9, condenser/evaporator 10, cooling evaporator 13, organic working medium vaporizer 14, by the Rankine cycle of temperature end steam together with low-temperature end organic Rankine bottoming cycle organic composite, the latent heat of vaporization discharged during the steam-condensation of high efficiente callback temperature end steam Rankine cycle generates electricity for low-temperature end organic Rankine bottoming cycle.
Heat transferring medium organic working medium and the flue gas of described cooling evaporator 13 adopt separated type heat exchange mode, cooling evaporator 13 comprises vaporizer 13-1, condenser 13-2, wherein vaporizer 13-1 is arranged in flue 23, condenser 13-2 is arranged in outside flue 23, and phase-change working substance wherein adopts water or other suitable materials; The heat that phase-change working substance absorbs flue gas in vaporizer 13-1 produces saturated vapour, saturated vapour is as the thermal source of liquid organic working medium 11, by condenser 13-2 and liquid organic working medium 11 wall-type heat exchange, form condensation water after cooling and produce steam again by the heat of vaporizer 13-1 absorption flue gas again, thus form the Inner eycle loop of phase-change working substance; Phase-change working substance adopts natural circulation or pump circulation mode.
Be provided with exhaust steam regenerator 22: the organic working medium steam that organic working medium vaporizer 14 produces gets back to organic working medium vaporizer 14 through exhaust steam regenerator 22, superheater 9, organic working medium steam turbine 17, exhaust steam regenerator 22, organic working medium vaporizer 14, organic working medium condenser 18, recycle pump 12, thus forms organic Rankine cycle circuit.
Be provided with the makeup Water System supporting with steam Rankine cycle system: the distilled water 24 in distilled water tank 25, after small pump 26, normal temp. deaerator 27 deoxygenation, mixed bed 28 desalination, fill into steam Rankine cycle system.
Described feed water preheater 8, superheater 9, condenser/evaporator 10, cooling evaporator 13, organic working medium vaporizer 14, exhaust steam regenerator 22 can arrange one or more respectively, adopt series, parallel or series-parallel connection mode to connect.
Described organic working medium condenser 18 conveniently technology is arranged, and adopts water or air etc. as cooling medium.
The heat-exchanging element of aforementioned device mentioned in the present invention can adopt tubulation, fin tube, coiler or spiral groove pipe, or adopts the pipe of other augmentation of heat transfer measures or the hollow cavity heat-exchanging element of other patterns.
Control a little higher than flue gas acid dew point temperature of wall surface temperature of the vaporizer 14-1 heat exchanger surface of heat exchanger 14, or adopt corrosion-resistant material effectively to alleviate the cold end corrosion of flue gas, can effectively reduce temperature of exhaust fume, avoid flue gas low-temperature corrode while, high efficiente callback fume afterheat.
Unaccounted equipment and standby system, pipeline, instrument, valve in the present invention, be incubated, there is regulatory function bypass facility etc. adopt known mature technology to carry out supporting.
Be provided with the safety regulating device supporting with present system, the known Mature Regulation technology of existing steam Rankine cycle power station, Cheng's cycle power station or gas-steam combined cycle power plant is adopted to carry out supporting, make Boulez pause-steam Rankine-Ka Linne combined cycle generating unit energy economy, safety, high thermal efficiency run, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing object.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above, they are not for limiting the present invention, being anyly familiar with this those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, from ought making various changes or retouch, belong to the protection domain of the present invention equally.What therefore protection scope of the present invention should define with the claim of the application is as the criterion.
Claims (4)
1. Boulez pauses-steam Rankine-organic Rankine combined cycle generating unit, and this device comprises Boulez and to pause circulation, steam Rankine cycle and organic rankine cycle system, it is characterized in that:
Air (35) sends into fuel-burning equipment (37) through gas compressor (36), with the fuel entered (38) Thorough combustion, the high-temperature flue gas generated enters gas turbine (39), drag gas turbine powered generator (41) generating, gas turbine (39) high-temperature flue gas (40) of discharging is discharged as after the thermal source cooling of steam Rankine cycle system, thus completes gas turbine unit Boulez and to pause circulation;
Described steam Rankine cycle, refers to by exhaust heat boiler body (1) saturated vapour out (2), forms superheated vapor (3-1) through the first superheater (3), sends into steam turbine (4) and drives steam-driven generator (21) generating; Steam turbine (4) exhaust steam out (5) is through the second hot device (9), condenser/evaporator (10), cooled by the organic working medium of organic Rankine bottoming cycle and form water of condensation (6), water of condensation (6) is through feed water pump (7), feed water preheater (8), exhaust heat boiler body (1), produce saturated vapour again, thus form steam Rankine cycle circuit;
In described steam Rankine cycle, the pressure of the exhaust steam (5) that steam turbine (4) is discharged is higher than atmospheric pressure;
Described organic rankie cycle loop is provided with the second superheater (9): liquid organic working medium (11) is through recycle pump (12), condenser/evaporator (10), the organic working medium steam produced forms organic working medium superheated vapor (16) through the second superheater (9), enter organic working medium steam turbine (17) again, drag organic working medium generator (20) generating, the exhaust steam of discharging from organic working medium steam turbine (17) forms liquid organic working medium (11) through organic working medium condenser (18) cooling, enter recycle pump (12) again, thus form organic Rankine cycle circuit, or liquid organic working medium (11) is through recycle pump (12), organic working medium vaporizer (14), the organic working medium steam produced forms organic working medium superheated vapor (16) through the second superheater (9), enter organic working medium steam turbine (17) again, drag organic working medium generator (20) generating, the exhaust steam of discharging from organic working medium steam turbine (17) forms liquid organic working medium (11) through organic working medium condenser (18) cooling, enter recycle pump (12) again, thus form organic Rankine cycle circuit, or liquid organic working medium (11) is through recycle pump (12), cooling evaporator (13), the organic working medium steam produced forms organic working medium superheated vapor (16) through the second superheater (9), enter organic working medium steam turbine (17) again, drag organic working medium generator (20) generating, the exhaust steam of discharging from organic working medium steam turbine (17) forms liquid organic working medium (11) through organic working medium condenser (18) cooling, enter recycle pump (12) again, thus form organic Rankine cycle circuit,
Be provided with mixed bed (28): the distilled water (24) in distilled water tank (25), fill into steam Rankine cycle system through small pump (26), normal temp. deaerator (27), mixed bed (28).
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Be provided with regenerator (15): the lean solution of the part or all of vaporizer generation of condenser/evaporator (10), organic working medium vaporizer (14), cooling evaporator (13), through regenerator (15), the pipeline that backflows (19), gets back to organic working medium condenser (18); Liquid organic working medium (11) is through recycle pump (12), regenerator (15) or and condenser/evaporator (10) or and organic working medium vaporizer (14) or and the part or all of generation organic working medium steam of cooling evaporator (13).
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Be provided with exhaust steam regenerator (22): the organic working medium steam that liquid organic working medium (11) produces through recycle pump (12), organic working medium vaporizer (14) forms liquid organic working medium (11) through exhaust steam regenerator (22), the second superheater (9), organic working medium steam turbine (17), exhaust steam regenerator (22), organic working medium vaporizer (14), organic working medium condenser (18), enter recycle pump (12) again, thus form organic Rankine cycle circuit; Or the organic working medium steam that liquid organic working medium (11) produces through recycle pump (12), condenser/evaporator (10) forms liquid organic working medium (11) through exhaust steam regenerator (22), the second superheater (9), organic working medium steam turbine (17), exhaust steam regenerator (22), condenser/evaporator (10), organic working medium condenser (18), enter recycle pump (12) again, thus form organic Rankine cycle circuit.
4., according to the device one of claims 1 to 3 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that:
Flue gas in described cooling evaporator (13) adopts separated type heat exchange mode with liquid organic working medium (11): cooling evaporator (13) comprises vaporizer (13-1), condenser (13-2), wherein vaporizer (13-1) is arranged in flue (23), and condenser (13-2) is arranged in flue (23) outward; The heat that phase-change working substance absorbs flue gas in vaporizer (13-1) produces saturated vapour, saturated vapour in condenser (13-2) as the thermal source of liquid organic working medium, by condenser (13-2) and liquid organic working medium (11) wall-type heat exchange, condensation water is formed again by vaporizer (13-1) after cooling, the heat absorbing flue gas produces steam again, thus forms the Inner eycle loop of phase-change working substance.
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| CN103790732B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-07-08 | 山东青能动力股份有限公司 | Medium and high temperature flue gas waste heat dual-working-medium combined cycle power generation device |
| CN104405461B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-02-03 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of organic rankie cycle afterheat generating system |
| CN104482771A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-04-01 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Lime rotary kiln waste gas heat generating device |
| CN104727871B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-10-10 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of organic Rankine Stirling-electric hybrid association circulating power generation system and its application method |
| CN105134406A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-09 | 上海理工大学 | Power generation system with liquid nitrogen of cold supply system as energy |
| CN108870802A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-23 | 重庆大学 | A kind of near-zero release distributed energy resource system and its method |
| CN110259538B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-07-28 | 西安交通大学 | Utilize multistage power generation system of cement kiln waste heat |
| CN114444251B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2024-03-01 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Indirect calculation method for power of single-shaft combined cycle unit combustion engine |
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| CN201280956Y (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2009-07-29 | 郭清温 | Flue gas waste heat recovering and generating set |
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