WO2020211474A1 - Single working medium steam combined cycle - Google Patents

Single working medium steam combined cycle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020211474A1
WO2020211474A1 PCT/CN2020/000072 CN2020000072W WO2020211474A1 WO 2020211474 A1 WO2020211474 A1 WO 2020211474A1 CN 2020000072 W CN2020000072 W CN 2020000072W WO 2020211474 A1 WO2020211474 A1 WO 2020211474A1
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working fluid
kilogram
endothermic
exothermic
working
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PCT/CN2020/000072
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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李华玉
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李华玉
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Priority to US17/604,390 priority Critical patent/US20220372894A1/en
Publication of WO2020211474A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020211474A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours

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  • the invention belongs to the field of energy and power technology.
  • the heat source is high temperature and variable temperature heat source; when the Rankine cycle is used as the theoretical basis, water vapor is used as the circulating working fluid to achieve thermal variable work, due to the temperature and pressure resistance of the material And safety restrictions, no matter what parameters are used for operation, there is a large temperature difference between the circulating working fluid and the heat source, and the irreversible loss is large, resulting in low thermal efficiency.
  • thermal cycle is a heat energy utilization device
  • the present invention proposes a single working substance steam combination cycle.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single working fluid steam combined cycle, and the specific content of the invention is described as follows:
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the nine processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid suction Thermal vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 85, M 3 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 3 kg working fluid Pressure reduction process 67, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 81-a closed process of composition; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  • the single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in ten processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid absorption Thermal vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 57, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 96, M 2 kg working fluid Endothermic process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-closed process of composition; where M 3 is M 1 and The sum of M 2 .
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, and ten processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid absorption Thermal vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 47, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid Depressurization process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91—composition closed process; where M 3 is M 1 and The sum of M 2 .
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to eleven processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 59, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process c6, M 2 kg working fluid mass endothermic process 67, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurisation 78, M 2 kilogram refrigerant exothermic process 89, M 3 kilogram refrigerant exothermic process 9c, M 1 kilogram working medium composed of an exothermic condensation c1-- The closing process; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to thirteen processes composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg Working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 57, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 9a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boosting process a6, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, M 3 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process 91—composition closed process; , M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in fourteen processes-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 kilogram Working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 59, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increase process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure increase process a6, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 89, M 3 kg working fluid heat release process 9c, The exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram of working fluid, c1-a closed process of composition; where M 3 is the sum of M
  • Figure 3/12 is an example diagram of the third principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 6/12 is an example diagram of the sixth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 7/12 is an example diagram of the seventh principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 8/12 is an example diagram of the eighth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 9/12 is an example diagram of the ninth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 10/12 is an example diagram of the tenth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 11/12 is an example diagram of the eleventh principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 12/12 is an example diagram of the twelfth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 ; And examples describe the present invention in detail.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 and 45 processes, and M 3 kg of working fluid is used for 56 processes.
  • the heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source; the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source Or it is provided by the exothermic heat (return heat) of the 78 process performed by the M 3 kg working fluid, or provided by both.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 57, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increasing process 96, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, M 3 kg working fluid pressure reducing expansion process 78, M 3 The exothermic cooling process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram working fluid 91-a total of 10 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 and 45 processes, and M 2 kg of working fluid is used for 67 processes.
  • the heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source; the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source Or it is provided by the exothermic heat (regeneration) of the 89 process performed by the M 3 kilogram working fluid, or provided by both.
  • M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kilogram bootstrapping working medium is generally accomplished by the compressor 96; M 1 kilogram of working fluid down the expansion process 34.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 47, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 78, M 3 The exothermic cooling process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram working fluid 91-a total of 10 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 and 47 processes, and M 2 kg of working fluid is used for 56 processes.
  • the heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source, and the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source Or it is provided by the exothermic heat (regeneration) of the 89 process performed by the M 3 kilogram working fluid, or provided by both.
  • M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, the booster during the working medium M 2 kilogram generally accomplished by the compressor 95; M 1 kilogram of working fluid down the expansion process 34.
  • the pressure-reducing expansion process of M 2 kg working fluid 67 and the pressure-reducing expansion process 78 of M 3 kg working fluid are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the external circulation is provided Net work, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 59, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increasing process c6, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 78, M 2 The exothermic cooling process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic cooling process of M 3 kilogram working fluid 9c, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram working fluid c1-a total of 11 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 and 45 processes, and M 2 kg of working fluid is used for 67 processes.
  • the heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source; the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source Or it is provided by the combined heat release (regeneration) of the M 2 kg working medium for the 89 process and the M 3 kg working medium for the 9c process, or both.
  • M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump
  • M 2 kilogram refrigerants bootstrapping c6 is generally accomplished by the compressor
  • M 1 kilogram of working fluid depressurisation 34 M 1 kilogram depressurisation of the working fluid 59, and M 2 kilogram depressurisation of the working fluid 78, is generally accomplished by the expander
  • expansion work is greater than boosted power consumption, and completion of the thermal power net provide external circulation Work to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 56, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 69, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process c7, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 78, M 2 The pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic cooling process of M 3 kilogram working fluid 9c, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram working fluid c1-a total of 11 processes.
  • M 1 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of 69 process and M 3 kilograms of working fluid carries out the heat release of 9c process, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of it can be used in other processes of combined cycle Heat absorption demand, the useless part is released to the low-temperature heat source (such as the environment); M 1 kg of working fluid is used to release heat from the c1 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and is provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
  • M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kilogram bootstrapping working medium is generally accomplished by the compressor 85; M 1 kilogram of working fluid depressurisation 34
  • the depressurization process of M 1 kg of working fluid 56 and the depressurization process of M 2 kg of working fluid 89 are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the boosting power consumption, and the thermal transformation is completed and the external circulation net is provided. Work to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process c5, M 3 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56, X kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 69, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67 , (M 3 -X) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 89, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic and cooling process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and condensation Process c1-a total of 12 processes.
  • M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process and 8a (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a5 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) the pressure-reducing process of the working fluid of (M 1 +M) 34, the pressure-reducing expansion process of the M 3 kg of working fluid 67, which is generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the heat Variable power and external cycle net power is provided to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant 9a and bootstrapping (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a6 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 57, and the pressure reduction expansion process of the M 3 kilogram working fluid 78, It is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the boosting work consumption, the thermal transformation is completed and the net work is provided to the outside, forming a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • the working medium is carried out-M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure increase process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid and M kg of working fluid mixed endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and Overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 47, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 9a, M kg working fluid and The mixed exothermic condensation process of M 1 kg of working fluid ab, (M 2 -M) pressure rise and temperature rise process of kg of working fluid a5, (M 2 -M) endothermic heating process of kilograms of working fluid 56, (M 2 -M) kg Working fluid depressurization expansion process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-a total of 13 processes.
  • M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant 9a and bootstrapping (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a5 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction process of kilograms of working fluid 34, (M 2 -M) pressure reduction and expansion process of kilograms of working fluid 67, and the pressure reduction and expansion process of M 3 kilograms of working fluid 78, It is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • the working medium is carried out-M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure increase process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid and M kg of working fluid mixed endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and Overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 59, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process ca, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process a6, (M 2 -M) kg Working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 89, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a total of 14 processes.
  • M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant and bootstrapping ca (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a6 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 59 and (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, It is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • the working medium is carried out-M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure increase process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid and M kg of working fluid mixed endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and Overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 56, ( M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 69, M 2 kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process ca, M 1 kilogram working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg Working fluid pressure increasing process a7, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 78, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 89, M 3 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a total of 14 processes.
  • M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant and bootstrapping ca (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general bootstrapping a7 Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 56, and (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 89.
  • M 1 +M kilogram of working fluid pressure reduction process 34
  • M 1 +M kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 56
  • M 2 -M kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 89.
  • the expansion work is greater than the boosting work consumption
  • the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided to the outside, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant and bootstrapping ca (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a5 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction process of kilograms of working fluid 34, the pressure reduction process of X kilograms of working fluid 69, and the pressure reduction process of (M 3 -X) kilograms of working fluid 78, generally by expansion
  • the expansion work is greater than the boosting work consumption, the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided to the outside, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • a single working fluid is conducive to production and storage; reduces operating costs and improves the flexibility of cycle adjustment
  • the circulating medium and the heat source medium are both in the temperature change process, which is beneficial to reduce the temperature difference heat transfer loss in the heat absorption link and improve the thermal efficiency.
  • the low-pressure and high-temperature operation mode is adopted in the high-temperature zone to solve the difficult to reconcile contradictions between thermal efficiency, circulating medium parameters and pipe pressure and temperature resistance in traditional steam power plants.
  • low-pressure operation can be selected to provide theoretical support for improving the safety of device operation.
  • the working fluid has a wide application range, can well adapt to the energy supply demand, and the working fluid and working parameters are matched flexibly.
  • thermodynamic cycle range for realizing the utilization of temperature difference is expanded, which is beneficial to better realize the high-efficiency power utilization of high-temperature heat source and variable-temperature heat source.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

Provided is a single working medium steam combined cycle, which belongs to the technical field of energy and power. The single working medium steam combined cycle is a closed process consisting of nine processes performed by the working medium of M1 kg and M2 kg respectively or collectively,that is, an M1 kg working medium pressure increase process (12), an M1 kg working medium endothermic vaporization process (23), an M1 kg working medium pressure decrease process (34), an M1 kg working medium heat absorption process (45), an M2 kg working medium pressure increase process (85), an M3 kg working medium heat absorption process (56), an M3 kg working medium pressure decrease process (67), an M3 kg working medium heat release process (78), and an M1 kg working medium exothermic condensation process (81); wherein, M3 is the sum of M1 and M2.

Description

单工质蒸汽联合循环Single working substance steam combined cycle 技术领域：Technical field:
本发明属于能源与动力技术领域。The invention belongs to the field of energy and power technology.
背景技术：Background technique:
冷需求、热需求和动力需求，为人类生活与生产当中所常见；其中，利用热能转换为机械能是获得和提供动力的重要方式。一般情况下，热源的温度随着热的释放而降低，热源是变温的；在以化石燃料为源头能源时，热源同时具有高温和变温的双重特点，这使得采用单一热力循环理论实现制冷、供热或转化为动时能源利用率不理想。Cold demand, heat demand and power demand are common in human life and production; among them, the conversion of heat energy into mechanical energy is an important way to obtain and provide power. Under normal circumstances, the temperature of the heat source decreases with the release of heat, and the heat source changes temperature; when fossil fuels are used as the source energy, the heat source has the dual characteristics of high temperature and variable temperature at the same time, which makes the use of a single thermal cycle theory to achieve cooling and supply The energy efficiency is not ideal when the heat is converted into motion.
以外燃式蒸汽动力装置为例，其热源属于高温且为变温热源；当以朗肯循环为理论基础，采用水蒸气为循环工质实现热变功时，由于受到材料耐温耐压性能和安全性方面的限制，无论采用何种参数运行，循环工质与热源之间都存在较大的温差损失，不可逆损失大，导致热效率较低。Take the external combustion steam power plant as an example, the heat source is high temperature and variable temperature heat source; when the Rankine cycle is used as the theoretical basis, water vapor is used as the circulating working fluid to achieve thermal variable work, due to the temperature and pressure resistance of the material And safety restrictions, no matter what parameters are used for operation, there is a large temperature difference between the circulating working fluid and the heat source, and the irreversible loss is large, resulting in low thermal efficiency.
人们需要简单、主动、高效地利用燃料生成或其它的高温热能来实现制冷、供热或转化为动力，这需要热科学基础理论的支撑；在热科学基础理论体系中，热力循环是热能利用装置的理论基础和能源利用系统的核心；热力循环的创建及发展应用将对能源利用的飞跃起到重大作用，将积极推动社会进步和生产力发展。People need simple, active and efficient use of fuel generation or other high-temperature heat energy to achieve cooling, heating or conversion into power, which requires the support of the basic theory of thermal science; in the basic theoretical system of thermal science, the thermal cycle is a heat energy utilization device The theoretical foundation and the core of the energy utilization system; the creation, development and application of thermal cycles will play a major role in the leap of energy utilization and will actively promote social progress and productivity development.
从简单、主动和高效地实现温差利用的原则出发，针对高温热源或变温热源的动力应用，力求为热动系统的简单化和高效化提供理论支撑，本发明提出了单工质蒸汽联合循环。Starting from the principle of simple, active and efficient utilization of temperature difference, aiming at the power application of high-temperature heat source or variable-temperature heat source, and striving to provide theoretical support for the simplification and high efficiency of the thermodynamic system, the present invention proposes a single working substance steam combination cycle.
发明内容：Summary of the invention:
本发明主要目的是要提供单工质蒸汽联合循环，具体发明内容分项阐述如下：The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single working fluid steam combined cycle, and the specific content of the invention is described as follows:
1.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的九个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 2千克工质升压过程85，M 3千克工质吸热过程56，M 3千克工质降压过程67，M 3千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程81——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 1. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the nine processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid suction Thermal vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 85, M 3 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 3 kg working fluid Pressure reduction process 67, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 81-a closed process of composition; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
2.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程57，M 2千克工质升压过程96，M 2千克工质吸热过程67，M 3千克工质降压过程78，M 3千克工质放热过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 2. The single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in ten processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid absorption Thermal vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 57, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 96, M 2 kg working fluid Endothermic process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-closed process of composition; where M 3 is M 1 and The sum of M 2 .
3.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程47，M 2千克工质升压过程95，M 2千克工质吸热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程67，M 3千克工质降压过程78，M 3千克工质放热过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 3. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, and ten processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid absorption Thermal vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 47, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid Depressurization process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91—composition closed process; where M 3 is M 1 and The sum of M 2 .
4.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十 一个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程59，M 2千克工质升压过程c6，M 2千克工质吸热过程67，M 2千克工质降压过程78，M 2千克工质放热过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 4. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to eleven processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 59, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process c6, M 2 kg working fluid mass endothermic process 67, M 2 kilogram working fluid depressurisation 78, M 2 kilogram refrigerant exothermic process 89, M 3 kilogram refrigerant exothermic process 9c, M 1 kilogram working medium composed of an exothermic condensation c1-- The closing process; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
5.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十一个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程56，M 1千克工质放热过程69，M 2千克工质升压过程c7，M 2千克工质吸热过程78，M 2千克工质降压过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 5. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to eleven processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 56, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic process 69, M 2 kg working fluid Mass pressure increase process c7, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 78, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process 89, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-composed The closing process; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
6.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 2千克工质升压过程c5，M 3千克工质吸热过程56，X千克工质降压过程69，(M 3-X)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 3-X)千克工质降压过程78，(M 3-X)千克工质放热过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 6. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in twelve processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg Working fluid endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process c5, M 3 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, X kg Working fluid pressure reduction process 69, (M 3 -X) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 3 -X) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 3 -X) kilogram working fluid heat release process 89, M The exothermic process of 3 kg of working fluid 9c, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kg of working fluid, c1-the closed process of composition; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
7.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，M 2千克工质升压过程8a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，M 3千克工质吸热过程56，M 3千克工质降压过程67，M 3千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程81——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 7. The single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in twelve processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg Working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 8a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boost process a5, M 3 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 3 kg working fluid drop Compression process 67, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 81-a closed process of composition; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
8.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程57，M 2千克工质升压过程9a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程67，M 3千克工质降压过程78，M 3千克工质放热过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 8. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to thirteen processes composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg Working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 57, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 9a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boosting process a6, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, M 3 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process 91—composition closed process; , M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
9.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程47，M 2千克工质升压过程9a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程67，M 3千克工质降压过程78，M 3千克工质放热过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 9. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg Working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 47, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increase process 9a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure increase process a5, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid endothermic process 56, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid depressurization process 67, M 3 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process 91—composition closed process; , M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
10.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部 分进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程59，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 10. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in fourteen processes-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 kilogram Working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 59, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increase process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure increase process a6, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 89, M 3 kg working fluid heat release process 9c, The exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram of working fluid, c1-a closed process of composition; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
11.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程56，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程69，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a7，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 11. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in 14 processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg Working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid exothermic process 69, M 2 kg working fluid boost process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid boost process a7, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 78, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid depressurization process 89, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 9c, The exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram of working fluid c1-the closed process of composition; M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
12.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，M 3千克工质吸热过程56，X千克工质降压过程69，(M 3-X)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 3-X)千克工质降压过程78，(M 3-X)千克工质放热过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 12. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in fifteen processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg Working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increase process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure increase process a5, M 3 kg working fluid heat absorption process 56, X kg working fluid pressure reduction Process 69, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid depressurization process 78, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 3 kg working fluid The exothermic process 9c, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kg of working fluid, c1-the closed process of composition; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
附图说明：Description of the drawings:
图1/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第1种原则性流程示例图。Figure 1/12 is an example diagram of the first principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图2/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第2种原则性流程示例图。Figure 2/12 is an example diagram of the second principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图3/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第3种原则性流程示例图。Figure 3/12 is an example diagram of the third principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图4/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第4种原则性流程示例图。Figure 4/12 is an example diagram of the fourth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图5/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第5种原则性流程示例图。Figure 5/12 is an example diagram of the fifth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图6/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第6种原则性流程示例图。Figure 6/12 is an example diagram of the sixth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图7/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第7种原则性流程示例图。Figure 7/12 is an example diagram of the seventh principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图8/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第8种原则性流程示例图。Figure 8/12 is an example diagram of the eighth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图9/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第9种原则性流程示例图。Figure 9/12 is an example diagram of the ninth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图10/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第10种原则性流程示例图。Figure 10/12 is an example diagram of the tenth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图11/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第11种原则性流程示例图。Figure 11/12 is an example diagram of the eleventh principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图12/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第12种原则性流程示例图。Figure 12/12 is an example diagram of the twelfth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式：detailed description:
首先要说明的是，在结构和流程的表述上，非必要情况下不重复进行，对显而易见的流程不作表述；下述各示例中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和；下面结合附图和实例详细描述本发明。 The first thing to explain is that in the description of the structure and process, it is not repeated unless necessary, and the obvious process is not described. In the following examples, M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 ; And examples describe the present invention in detail.
图1/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 1/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 2千克工质升压升温过程85，M 3千克工质吸热升温过程56，M 3千克工质降压膨胀过程67，M 3千克工质放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程81——共9个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increasing process 85, M 3 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56, M 3 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 67, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 The exothermic condensation process of kilogram working fluid 81-a total of 9 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行23过程和45过程，还有M 3千克工质进行56过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供；低温段的吸热由外部热源或由M 3千克工质进行78过程的放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process—M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 and 45 processes, and M 3 kg of working fluid is used for 56 processes. The heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source; the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source Or it is provided by the exothermic heat (return heat) of the 78 process performed by the M 3 kg working fluid, or provided by both.
②放热过程——M 3千克工质进行78过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或全部用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行81过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-M 3 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 78, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or all of the heat absorption demand of other processes in the combined cycle, and the useless part is directed to the low temperature heat source (such as environment) Release; M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of the 81 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程85一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34和M 3千克工质的降压膨胀过程67，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kilogram bootstrapping working medium is generally accomplished by the compressor 85; M 1 kilogram working fluid during expansion 34 Buck The pressure-reducing expansion process 67 with M 3 kilograms of working fluid is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure-boosting power consumption, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided externally to form a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图2/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 2/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程57，M 2千克工质升压升温过程96，M 2千克工质吸热升温过程67，M 3千克工质降压膨胀过程78，M 3千克工质放热降温过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——共10个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 57, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increasing process 96, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, M 3 kg working fluid pressure reducing expansion process 78, M 3 The exothermic cooling process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram working fluid 91-a total of 10 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行23过程和45过程，还有M 2千克工质进行67过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供；低温段的吸热由外部热源或由M 3千克工质进行89过程的放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process—M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 and 45 processes, and M 2 kg of working fluid is used for 67 processes. The heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source; the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source Or it is provided by the exothermic heat (regeneration) of the 89 process performed by the M 3 kilogram working fluid, or provided by both.
②放热过程——M 3千克工质进行89过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行91过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-M 3 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 89, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of the heat absorption demand of other processes in the combined cycle, and the useless part is transferred to the low temperature heat source (such as environmental ) Release; M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of the 91 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程96一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程57，还有M 3千克工质的降压膨胀过程78，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kilogram bootstrapping working medium is generally accomplished by the compressor 96; M 1 kilogram of working fluid down the expansion process 34. The pressure-reducing expansion process of M 1 kg of working fluid 57, and the pressure-reducing expansion process of M 3 kilograms of working fluid 78, which are generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal conversion work is completed and external Provide cycle net power to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图3/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working substance steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 3/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程47，M 2千克工质升 压升温过程95，M 2千克工质吸热升温过程56，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程67，M 3千克工质降压膨胀过程78，M 3千克工质放热降温过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——共10个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 47, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 78, M 3 The exothermic cooling process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram working fluid 91-a total of 10 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行23过程和47过程，还有M 2千克工质进行56过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供，低温段的吸热由外部热源或由M 3千克工质进行89过程的放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process—M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 and 47 processes, and M 2 kg of working fluid is used for 56 processes. The heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source, and the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source Or it is provided by the exothermic heat (regeneration) of the 89 process performed by the M 3 kilogram working fluid, or provided by both.
②放热过程——M 3千克工质进行89过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行91过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-M 3 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 89, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of the heat absorption demand of other processes in the combined cycle, and the useless part is transferred to the low temperature heat source (such as environmental ) Release; M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of the 91 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程95一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，M 2千克工质的降压膨胀过程67和M 3千克工质的降压膨胀过程78，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, the booster during the working medium M 2 kilogram generally accomplished by the compressor 95; M 1 kilogram of working fluid down the expansion process 34. The pressure-reducing expansion process of M 2 kg working fluid 67 and the pressure-reducing expansion process 78 of M 3 kg working fluid are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the external circulation is provided Net work, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图4/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 4/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程59，M 2千克工质升压升温过程c6，M 2千克工质吸热升温过程67，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程78，M 2千克工质放热降温过程89，M 3千克工质放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共11个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 59, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increasing process c6, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 78, M 2 The exothermic cooling process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic cooling process of M 3 kilogram working fluid 9c, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram working fluid c1-a total of 11 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行23过程和45过程，还有M 2千克工质进行67过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供；低温段的吸热由外部热源或由M 2千克工质进行89过程与M 3千克工质进行9c过程的联合放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process—M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 and 45 processes, and M 2 kg of working fluid is used for 67 processes. The heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source; the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source Or it is provided by the combined heat release (regeneration) of the M 2 kg working medium for the 89 process and the M 3 kg working medium for the 9c process, or both.
②放热过程——M 2千克工质进行89过程的放热和M 3千克工质进行9c过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-M 2 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of the 89 process and M 3 kilograms of working fluid carries out the heat release of the 9c process, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of it can be used in other processes of the combined cycle Heat absorption demand, the useless part is released to the low-temperature heat source (such as the environment); M 1 kg of working fluid is used to release heat from the c1 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and is provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程c6一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压过程34，M 1千克工质的降压过程59，还有M 2千克工质的降压过程78，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kilogram refrigerants bootstrapping c6 is generally accomplished by the compressor; M 1 kilogram of working fluid depressurisation 34 , M 1 kilogram depressurisation of the working fluid 59, and M 2 kilogram depressurisation of the working fluid 78, is generally accomplished by the expander; expansion work is greater than boosted power consumption, and completion of the thermal power net provide external circulation Work to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图5/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of a single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 5/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程56，M 1千克工质放热降温过程69，M 2千克工质升压升温过程c7，M 2千克工 质吸热升温过程78，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程89，M 3千克工质放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共11个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 56, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 69, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process c7, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 78, M 2 The pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic cooling process of M 3 kilogram working fluid 9c, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kilogram working fluid c1-a total of 11 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行23过程和45过程，还有M 2千克工质进行78过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供；低温段的吸热由外部热源或由M 1千克工质进行69过程与M 3千克工质进行9c过程的联合放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process-M 1 kg of working fluid for 23 and 45 processes, and M 2 kg of working fluid for 78 processes. The heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source; the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source Or it is provided by the combined heat release (regeneration) of the M 1 kg working fluid for the 69 process and the M 3 kg working fluid for the 9c process, or both.
②放热过程——M 1千克工质进行69过程的放热和M 3千克工质进行9c过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——M 1 kg of working fluid carries out the heat release of 69 process and M 3 kilograms of working fluid carries out the heat release of 9c process, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of it can be used in other processes of combined cycle Heat absorption demand, the useless part is released to the low-temperature heat source (such as the environment); M 1 kg of working fluid is used to release heat from the c1 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and is provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程85一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压过程34，M 1千克工质的降压过程56，还有M 2千克工质的降压过程89，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kilogram bootstrapping working medium is generally accomplished by the compressor 85; M 1 kilogram of working fluid depressurisation 34 The depressurization process of M 1 kg of working fluid 56 and the depressurization process of M 2 kg of working fluid 89 are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the boosting power consumption, and the thermal transformation is completed and the external circulation net is provided. Work to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图6/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 6/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 2千克工质升压升温过程c5，M 3千克工质吸热升温过程56，X千克工质降压膨胀过程69，(M 3-X)千克工质吸热升温过程67，(M 3-X)千克工质降压膨胀过程78，(M 3-X)千克工质放热降温过程89，M 3千克工质放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共12个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process c5, M 3 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56, X kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 69, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67 , (M 3 -X) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 89, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic and cooling process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic and condensation Process c1-a total of 12 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行23过程、M 1千克工质进行45过程、M 3千克工质进行56过程和(M 3-X)千克进行67过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供；低温段的吸热由外部热源或由(M 3-X)千克工质进行89过程与M 3千克工质进行9c过程的联合放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process-M 1 kg of working fluid carries out 23 processes, M 1 kilograms of working fluid carries out 45 processes, M 3 kilograms of working fluid carries out 56 processes, and (M 3 -X) kilograms carries out 67 processes. The heat absorption in the high temperature section Generally provided by an external heat source; the heat absorption in the low-temperature section is provided by an external heat source or a combined heat release (regeneration) of (M 3 -X) kg of working fluid for 89 process and M 3 kg of working fluid for 9c process, or Provided by both.
②放热过程——(M 3-X)千克工质进行89过程的放热和M 3千克工质进行9c过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-(M 3 -X) kilogram of working fluid for 89 process heat release and M 3 kilogram of working fluid for 9c process heat release, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of it can be used for joint The heat absorption requirements of other processes are circulated, and the useless part is released to the low temperature heat source (such as the environment); the M 1 kg of working fluid is released to the low temperature heat source for the heat release of the C1 process, and it is provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程c5一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压过程34，X千克工质的降压过程69，(M 3-X)千克工质的降压过程78，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kilogram booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kilogram bootstrapping c5 working fluid is generally accomplished by the compressor; M 1 kilogram of working fluid depressurisation 34 , The pressure reduction process of X kilogram working fluid 69, the pressure reduction process 78 of (M 3 -X) kilogram working fluid, generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting power consumption, the thermal transformation work is completed and the external circulation is provided Net work, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图7/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working substance steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 7/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质与M千克工质的混合 吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 2千克工质升压升温过程8a，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a5，M 3千克工质吸热升温过程56，M 3千克工质降压膨胀过程67，M 3千克工质放热降温过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程81——共12个过程。 The working medium is carried out-M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure increase process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid and M kg of working fluid mixed endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and Overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 8a, M kg working fluid and The mixed exothermic condensation process of M 1 kg of working fluid ab, (M 2 -M) kg of working fluid’s pressure rising and heating process a5, M 3 kg of working fluid’s endothermic heating process 56, M 3 kg of working fluid depressurizing expansion process 67, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 81-a total of 12 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，M 1千克工质进行b3过程和45过程，还有M 3千克工质进行56过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供，低温段的吸热由外部热源或由M 3千克工质进行78过程的放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the endothermic heat of M 1 kg of working fluid for process 2b comes from the mixed heat release of M kg of superheated steam, M 1 kg of working fluid for b3 and 45 processes, and M 3 kg of working fluid for 56 processes. The heat absorption in the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source, and the heat absorption in the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source or the exothermic heat (regeneration) of the 78 process performed by M 3 kg of working fluid, or both.
②放热过程——M 3千克工质进行78过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或全部用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行81过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-M 3 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 78, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or all of the heat absorption demand of other processes in the combined cycle, and the useless part is directed to the low temperature heat source (such as the environment) Release; M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of the 81 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程8a和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a5一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压过程34，M 3千克工质的降压膨胀过程67，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process and 8a (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a5 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) the pressure-reducing process of the working fluid of (M 1 +M) 34, the pressure-reducing expansion process of the M 3 kg of working fluid 67, which is generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the heat Variable power and external cycle net power is provided to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图8/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of a single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 8/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质与M千克工质的混合吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程57，M 2千克工质升压升温过程9a，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热升温过程67，M 3千克工质降压膨胀过程78，M 3千克工质放热降温过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——共13个过程。 The working medium is carried out-M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure increase process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid and M kg of working fluid mixed endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and Overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 57, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 9a, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process a6, (M 2 -M) kg Working fluid endothermic heating process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-a total of 13 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行23过程和45过程，还有(M 2-M)千克工质进行67过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供，低温段的吸热由外部热源或由M 3千克工质进行89过程的放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the endothermic heat of M 1 kg of working fluid for process 2b comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid for 23 and 45 processes, and (M 2 -M) ) Kilogram of working fluid for 67 process, the heat absorption of the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source, and the heat absorption of the low temperature section is provided by an external heat source or the exothermic heat (regeneration) of M 3 kilogram of working fluid for 89 process, or Provided by both.
②放热过程——M 3千克工质进行89过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行91过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-M 3 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 89, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of the heat absorption demand of other processes in the combined cycle, and the useless part is transferred to the low temperature heat source (such as environmental ) Release; M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of the 91 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程9a和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a6一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程57，还有M 3千克工质的降压膨胀过程78，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功， 形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant 9a and bootstrapping (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a6 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 57, and the pressure reduction expansion process of the M 3 kilogram working fluid 78, It is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the boosting work consumption, the thermal transformation is completed and the net work is provided to the outside, forming a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图9/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of a single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 9/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质与M千克工质的混合吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程47，M 2千克工质升压升温过程9a，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a5，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热升温过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程67，M 3千克工质降压膨胀过程78，M 3千克工质放热降温过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——共13个过程。 The working medium is carried out-M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure increase process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid and M kg of working fluid mixed endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and Overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 47, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 9a, M kg working fluid and The mixed exothermic condensation process of M 1 kg of working fluid ab, (M 2 -M) pressure rise and temperature rise process of kg of working fluid a5, (M 2 -M) endothermic heating process of kilograms of working fluid 56, (M 2 -M) kg Working fluid depressurization expansion process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-a total of 13 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程和47过程，还有(M 2-M)千克工质进行56过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供，低温段的吸热由外部热源或由M 3千克工质进行89过程的放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the endothermic heat of M 1 kg of working fluid for process 2b comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid for b3 and 47 processes, and (M 2 -M) ) Kilogram of working fluid carries out 56 process, the heat absorption of the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source, and the heat absorption of low temperature section is provided by external heat source or the heat release (regeneration) of 89 process carried out by M 3 kilogram of working fluid, or Provided by both.
②放热过程——M 3千克工质进行89过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行91过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-M 3 kg of working fluid carries out the exothermic process of 89, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of the heat absorption demand of other processes in the combined cycle, and the useless part is transferred to the low temperature heat source (such as environmental ) Release; M 1 kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat release of the 91 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程9a和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a5一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程67，还有M 3千克工质的降压膨胀过程78，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant 9a and bootstrapping (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a5 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction process of kilograms of working fluid 34, (M 2 -M) pressure reduction and expansion process of kilograms of working fluid 67, and the pressure reduction and expansion process of M 3 kilograms of working fluid 78, It is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图10/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 10/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质与M千克工质的混合吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程59，M 2千克工质升压升温过程ca，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热升温过程67，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质放热降温过程89，M 3千克工质放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共14个过程。 The working medium is carried out-M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure increase process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid and M kg of working fluid mixed endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and Overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 59, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process ca, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process a6, (M 2 -M) kg Working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 89, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a total of 14 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程和45过程，还有(M 2-M)千克工质进行67过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供；低温段的吸热由外部热源或由(M 2-M)千克工质进行89过程与M 3千克工质进行9c过程的联合放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the heat absorption of M 1 kg of working fluid for process 2b comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid for b3 and 45 processes, and (M 2 -M) ) Kilogram of working fluid carries out 67 process, the heat absorption of the high temperature section is generally provided by external heat source; the heat absorption of low temperature section is carried out by external heat source or by (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid for 89 process and M 3 kilogram working fluid The 9c process is provided by the joint exothermic (regeneration) or both.
②放热过程——(M 2-M)千克工质进行89过程的放热和M 3千克工质进行9c过程的 放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ② Heat release process-(M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid for 89 process heat release and M 3 kilogram of working fluid for 9c process heat release, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of it can be used for joint The heat absorption requirements of other processes are circulated, and the useless part is released to the low temperature heat source (such as the environment); the M 1 kg of working fluid is released to the low temperature heat source for the heat release of the C1 process, and it is provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程ca和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a6一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质的降压过程59和(M 2-M)千克工质的降压过程78，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant and bootstrapping ca (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a6 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 59 and (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, It is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图11/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 11/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质与M千克工质的混合吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程56，(M 1+M)千克工质放热降温过程69，M 2千克工质升压升温过程ca，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a7，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热升温过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程89，M 3千克工质放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共计14个过程。 The working medium is carried out-M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure increase process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid and M kg of working fluid mixed endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and Overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 56, ( M 1 +M) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 69, M 2 kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process ca, M 1 kilogram working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg Working fluid pressure increasing process a7, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 78, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid depressurizing expansion process 89, M 3 kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 9c, M 1 kg of working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a total of 14 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程和45过程，还有(M 2-M)千克工质进行78过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供；低温段的吸热由外部热源或由(M 1+M)千克工质进行69过程与M 3千克工质进行9c过程的联合放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the heat absorption of M 1 kg of working fluid for process 2b comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid for b3 and 45 processes, and (M 2 -M) ) Kilogram of working fluid carries out 78 process, the heat absorption of the high temperature section is generally provided by external heat source; the heat absorption of low temperature section is carried out by external heat source or by (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid for 69 process and M 3 kilogram working fluid The 9c process is provided by the joint exothermic (regeneration) or both.
②放热过程——(M 1+M)千克工质进行69过程的放热和M 3千克工质进行9c过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-(M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid for 69 process heat release and M 3 kilogram of working fluid for 9c process heat release, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of it can be used for joint The heat absorption requirements of other processes are circulated, and the useless part is released to the low temperature heat source (such as the environment); the M 1 kg of working fluid is released to the low temperature heat source for the heat release of the C1 process, and it is provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程ca和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a7一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质的降压过程56，还有(M 2-M)千克工质的降压过程89，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant and bootstrapping ca (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general bootstrapping a7 Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 56, and (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 89. Generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the boosting work consumption, the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided to the outside, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图12/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 12/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质与M千克工质的混合吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 2千克工质升压升温过程ca，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a5，M 3千克工质吸热升温过程56，X千克工质降压膨胀过程69，(M 3-X)千克工质吸热升 温过程67，(M 3-X)千克工质降压膨胀过程78，(M 3-X)千克工质放热降温过程89，M 3千克工质放热降温过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共计15个过程。 The working medium is carried out-M 1 kg of working fluid condensate pressure increase process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid and M kg of working fluid mixed endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and Overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process ca, M kg working fluid and The mixed exothermic condensation process of M 1 kg of working fluid ab, (M 2 -M) kg of working fluid’s pressure rise and temperature rise process a5, M 3 kg of working fluid’s endothermic temperature rise process 56, X kilograms of working fluid depressurization expansion process 69, ( M 3 -X) Kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 3 -X) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction expansion process 78, (M 3 -X) Kilogram working fluid exothermic cooling process 89, M 3 kg working fluid release Thermal cooling process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a total of 15 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程和45过程，M 3千克工质进行56过程，还有(M 3-X)千克进行67过程，其高温段的吸热一般由外部热源来提供；低温段的吸热由外部热源或由(M 3-X)千克工质进行89过程与M 3千克工质进行9c过程的联合放热(回热)来提供，或由二者共同来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the heat absorption of M 1 kg of working fluid for process 2b comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid for b3 process and 45 process, and M 3 kg of working fluid for 56 There are also (M 3 -X) kilograms for 67 processes. The heat absorption of the high temperature section is generally provided by an external heat source; the heat absorption of the low temperature section is performed by external heat sources or (M 3 -X) kilograms of working fluid for 89 processes It is provided by the combined heat release (regeneration) of the 9c process with the M 3 kg working fluid, or provided by both.
②放热过程——(M 3-X)千克工质进行89过程的放热和M 3千克工质进行9c过程的放热，可对外提供满足相应热需求，或者部分或大部分用于联合循环其它过程的吸热需求，无用部分向低温热源(如环境)释放；M 1千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-(M 3 -X) kilogram of working fluid for 89 process heat release and M 3 kilogram of working fluid for 9c process heat release, which can be provided to meet the corresponding heat demand, or part or most of it can be used for joint The heat absorption requirements of other processes are circulated, and the useless part is released to the low temperature heat source (such as the environment); the M 1 kg of working fluid is released to the low temperature heat source for the heat release of the C1 process, and it is provided to the heat user when the heat is combined.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程ca和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a5一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压过程34，X千克工质的降压过程69，还有(M 3-X)千克工质的降压过程78，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③ energy conversion process --M 1 kg booster working fluid 12 is generally accomplished by the process of the circulation pump, M 2 kg of refrigerant and bootstrapping ca (M 2 -M) kg of the working fluid by the general a5 bootstrapping Compressor to complete; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction process of kilograms of working fluid 34, the pressure reduction process of X kilograms of working fluid 69, and the pressure reduction process of (M 3 -X) kilograms of working fluid 78, generally by expansion The expansion work is greater than the boosting work consumption, the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided to the outside, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
本发明技术可以实现的效果——本发明所提出的单工质蒸汽联合循环，具有如下效果和优势：The effects that can be achieved by the technology of the present invention-the single working substance steam combined cycle proposed by the present invention has the following effects and advantages:
(1)创建热能(温差)利用基础理论。(1) Create a basic theory of thermal energy (temperature difference) utilization.
(2)较大幅度减少相变吸热过程的热负荷，相对增加高温段吸热负荷，热效率高。(2) The heat load of the phase change heat absorption process is greatly reduced, and the heat absorption load of the high temperature section is relatively increased, and the thermal efficiency is high.
(3)方法简单，流程合理，适用性好，是实现温差有效利用的共性技术。(3) The method is simple, the process is reasonable, and the applicability is good. It is a common technology to realize the effective use of temperature difference.
(4)单一工质，有利于生产和储存；降低运行成本，提高循环调节的灵活性(4) A single working fluid is conducive to production and storage; reduces operating costs and improves the flexibility of cycle adjustment
(5)过程共用，减少过程，为减少设备投资提供理论基础。(5) Process sharing, reducing process, and providing a theoretical basis for reducing equipment investment.
(6)在高温区或变温区阶段，循环介质与热源介质同为变温过程，有利于降低吸热环节的温差传热损失，提高热效率。(6) In the high temperature zone or the variable temperature zone stage, the circulating medium and the heat source medium are both in the temperature change process, which is beneficial to reduce the temperature difference heat transfer loss in the heat absorption link and improve the thermal efficiency.
(7)在高温区采取低压高温运行方式，解决传统蒸汽动力装置中热效率、循环介质参数与管材耐压耐温性能之间难以调和的矛盾。(7) The low-pressure and high-temperature operation mode is adopted in the high-temperature zone to solve the difficult to reconcile contradictions between thermal efficiency, circulating medium parameters and pipe pressure and temperature resistance in traditional steam power plants.
(8)在实现高热效率前提下，可选择低压运行，为提高装置运行的安全性提供理论支撑。(8) Under the premise of achieving high thermal efficiency, low-pressure operation can be selected to provide theoretical support for improving the safety of device operation.
(9)工质适用范围广，能够很好地适应供能需求，工质与工作参数之间匹配灵活。(9) The working fluid has a wide application range, can well adapt to the energy supply demand, and the working fluid and working parameters are matched flexibly.
(10)扩展了实现温差利用的热力循环范围，有利于更好地实现高温热源和变温热源的高效动力利用。(10) The thermodynamic cycle range for realizing the utilization of temperature difference is expanded, which is beneficial to better realize the high-efficiency power utilization of high-temperature heat source and variable-temperature heat source.

Claims (12)

  1. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的九个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 2千克工质升压过程85，M 3千克工质吸热过程56，M 3千克工质降压过程67，M 3千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程81——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the nine processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization Process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 85, M 3 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 3 kg working fluid depressurizing Process 67, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 81-a closed process of composition; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  2. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程57，M 2千克工质升压过程96，M 2千克工质吸热过程67，M 3千克工质降压过程78，M 3千克工质放热过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to ten processes composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization Process 23, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 34, M 1 kg working fluid heat absorption process 45, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 57, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increase process 96, M 2 kg working fluid heat absorption process Process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91—composition closed process; where M 3 is M 1 and M 2 Sum.
  3. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程47，M 2千克工质升压过程95，M 2千克工质吸热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程67，M 3千克工质降压过程78，M 3千克工质放热过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to ten processes composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization Process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 47, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing Process 67, M 3 kg working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91—composition closed process; where M 3 is M 1 and M 2 Sum.
  4. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十一个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程59，M 2千克工质升压过程c6，M 2千克工质吸热过程67，M 2千克工质降压过程78，M 2千克工质放热过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to eleven processes composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid absorbs heat Vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 34, M 1 kg working fluid heat absorption process 45, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 59, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increase process c6, M 2 kg working fluid absorption process Thermal process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process 78, M 2 kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process c1——composition closed process ; Among them, M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  5. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十一个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程56，M 1千克工质放热过程69，M 2千克工质升压过程c7，M 2千克工质吸热过程78，M 2千克工质降压过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to eleven processes composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid absorbs heat Vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 34, M 1 kg working fluid heat absorption process 45, M 1 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 56, M 1 kg working fluid heat release process 69, M 2 kg working fluid rise Pressure process c7, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 78, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process 89, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 9c, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process c1——composition closed process ; Among them, M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  6. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 2千克工质升压过程c5，M 3千克工质吸热过程56，X千克工质降压过程69，(M 3-X)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 3-X)千克工质降压过程78，(M 3-X)千克工质放热过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热 冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working medium steam combined cycle refers to the working medium composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in twelve processes-M 1 kg working medium boost process 12, M 1 kg working medium Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process c5, M 3 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, X kg working fluid Pressure reduction process 69, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 3 kg Working fluid exothermic process 9c, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-composition closed process; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  7. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，M 2千克工质升压过程8a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，M 3千克工质吸热过程56，M 3千克工质降压过程67，M 3千克工质放热过程78，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程81——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working medium steam combined cycle refers to the working medium composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in twelve processes-M 1 kg working medium boost process 12, M 1 kg working medium Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 2 Kilogram working fluid boost process 8a, M kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boosting process a5, M 3 kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, M 3 kilogram working fluid depressurizing process 67, M 3 kg working fluid exothermic process 78, M 1 kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 81-a closed process of composition; among them, M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  8. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程57，M 2千克工质升压过程9a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程67，M 3千克工质降压过程78，M 3千克工质放热过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 57, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 9a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boosting process a6, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, M 3 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 kilogram working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 kilogram working fluid exothermic and condensing process 91—composition closed process; among them, M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  9. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程47，M 2千克工质升压过程9a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程67，M 3千克工质降压过程78，M 3千克工质放热过程89，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 47, M 2 Kilogram working fluid boosting process 9a, M kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boosting process a5, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, (M 2- M) Kg working fluid depressurization process 67, M 3 Kg working fluid depressurization process 78, M 3 Kg working fluid exothermic process 89, M 1 Kg working fluid exothermic and condensation process 91—composition closed process; among them, M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  10. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程59，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质放热过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in 14 processes-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 kilogram working medium Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 59, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boosting process a6, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid heat release process 89, M 3 Kilogram working fluid heat release process 9c, M 1 Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1——composition closed process; among them, M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  11. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程56，(M 1+M)千克工质放热过程69，M 2千克工质升 压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a7，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kilogram and M 2 kilograms, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in 14 processes-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 kilogram working medium Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid heat release process 69, M 2 kg working fluid boost process ca, M kg working fluid heat release and condensation process ab, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid boost process a7, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 78, (M 2 -M) Kilogram working fluid depressurization process 89, M 3 Kilogram working fluid heat release process 9c, M 1 Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1——composition closed process; M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
  12. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克和M 2千克组成的工质，分别或共同或部分进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，M 3千克工质吸热过程56，X千克工质降压过程69，(M 3-X)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 3-X)千克工质降压过程78，(M 3-X)千克工质放热过程89，M 3千克工质放热过程9c，M 1千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程；其中，M 3为M 1与M 2之和。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg and M 2 kg, which are carried out separately or jointly or partially in fifteen processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 2 Kilogram working fluid pressure increase process ca, M kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure increase process a5, M 3 kilogram working fluid heat absorption process 56, X kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 69 , (M 3 -X) kg working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 3 -X) kg working fluid heat release process 89, M 3 kg working fluid heat release process Process 9c, the exothermic condensation process of M 1 kg of working fluid, c1-a closed process of composition; where M 3 is the sum of M 1 and M 2 .
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