WO2020215815A1 - Single working fluid steam combined cycle - Google Patents

Single working fluid steam combined cycle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020215815A1
WO2020215815A1 PCT/CN2020/000079 CN2020000079W WO2020215815A1 WO 2020215815 A1 WO2020215815 A1 WO 2020215815A1 CN 2020000079 W CN2020000079 W CN 2020000079W WO 2020215815 A1 WO2020215815 A1 WO 2020215815A1
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Prior art keywords
working fluid
kilogram
endothermic
exothermic
working
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PCT/CN2020/000079
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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李华玉
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李华玉
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Priority to US17/606,446 priority Critical patent/US20220195895A1/en
Publication of WO2020215815A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020215815A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/08—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/02—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-expansion type

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of energy and power technology.
  • the heat source is high temperature and variable temperature heat source; when the Rankine cycle is used as the theoretical basis, water vapor is used as the circulating working fluid to achieve thermal variable work, due to the temperature and pressure resistance of the material And safety restrictions, no matter what parameters are used for operation, there is a large temperature difference between the circulating working fluid and the heat source, and the irreversible loss is large, resulting in low thermal efficiency.
  • thermal cycle is The theoretical basis of thermal energy utilization devices and the core of energy utilization systems; the creation and development and application of thermal cycles will play a major role in the leap of energy utilization and will actively promote social progress and productivity development.
  • the present invention proposes a single working substance steam combination cycle.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single working fluid steam combined cycle, and the specific content of the invention is described as follows:
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid consisting of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and twelve processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant heat absorption process 45, H kg refrigerant pressure boost process 1e, H kg refrigerant heat absorption process e8, M 2 kg Working fluid pressure increase process 85, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid heat absorption process 56, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg Working fluid mixing exothermic process 78, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization process 89, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-a closed process of composition.
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, respectively or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant endothermic process 45, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 57, H kg refrigerant boost process 1e, H kg Working fluid endothermic process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 96, M 2 kg working fluid heat absorption process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg Working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a closed process composed of.
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant heat absorption process 47, H kg refrigerant pressure boost process 1e, H kg refrigerant heat absorption process e9, M 2 kg Working fluid boost process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid depressurization process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg Working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid depressurization process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1——composed closed process.
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid consisting of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, and 14 processes carried out separately or together-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant endothermic process 45, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 59, H kg refrigerant boost process 1e, H kg Working fluid endothermic process ec, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increase process c6, M 2 kg working fluid heat absorption process 67, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 78, M 2 kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic Process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid pressure reduction process cd, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation Process d1-the closed process of composition.
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid consisting of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, 14 processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45, M 1 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 56, M 1 kg working fluid mixed with H kg working fluid exothermic process 69, H kg refrigerant bootstrapping 1e, H kg refrigerant endothermic process ec, M 2 kg refrigerant boosting process c7, M 2 kg refrigerant endothermic process 78, M 2 kg refrigerant buck Process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid pressure reduction process cd, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation Process d1-the closed process of composition.
  • the single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and fifteen processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant heat absorption process 45, H kg refrigerant pressure boost process 1e, H kg refrigerant heat absorption process ec, M 2 kg Working fluid pressure increase process c5, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, X kilogram working fluid depressurization process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid and H Kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H)
  • the single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, respectively or together fifteen processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , H kg working fluid boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process e8, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 8a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boost Process a5, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic process 56, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixed with H kg working fluid Thermal process 78, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization process 89, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-a closed process of composition
  • Single-working-substance steam combined cycle refers to sixteen processes that are composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg, and H kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 57, H kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 9a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation Process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boosting process a6, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid depressurizing process 78, (M 1 + M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the sixteen processes that are composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg working fluid separately or together-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 47 , H kg working fluid boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 9a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boost Process a5, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 + M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 9c, (M 1
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the seventeen processes that are composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg working fluid separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 59, H kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation Process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boost process a6, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 2 -M) ) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing ex
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, and 17 processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 69, H kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic Process ec, M 2 kg working fluid pressure boost process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boost process a7, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid endothermic process 78 , (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid
  • Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and 18 processes carried out separately or together-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , H kg working fluid boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boost process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boost Process a5, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, X kilogram working fluid depressurization process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process
  • Figure 1/12 is an example diagram of the first principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 2/12 is an example diagram of the second principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 3/12 is an example diagram of the third principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 4/12 is an example diagram of the fourth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 5/12 is an example diagram of the fifth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 6/12 is an example diagram of the sixth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 7/12 is an example diagram of the seventh principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 8/12 is an example diagram of the eighth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 9/12 is an example diagram of the ninth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 10/12 is an example diagram of the tenth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 11/12 is an example diagram of the eleventh principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 12/12 is an example diagram of the twelfth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, H kg working fluid condensate boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e8, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 85, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid Endothermic heating process 56, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixed with H kg working fluid, exothermic cooling process 78, (M 1 +H) The pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic condensation process of (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid 91-a total of 12 processes.
  • Endothermic process The endothermic heat of the e8 process with H kg of working fluid is provided by the exothermic heat of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid 78, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 Processes and 45 processes, and (M 1 +M 2 ) kilograms of working fluid are used for 56 processes, and the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
  • 3Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process 85 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor;
  • the pressure-reducing expansion process of M 1 kilogram working fluid 34, the pressure-reducing expansion process of (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid 67, and the pressure-reducing expansion process of (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid 89 are generally performed by an expander
  • the expansion work is greater than the boosting work consumption, the thermal conversion work is completed and the net cycle power is provided to the outside, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizes through expansion range 57, H kg working fluid condensate boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 96, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic cooling process 89 , (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a total of 13 processes.
  • 3Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process 96 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor; M 1 kg expansion process of the working fluid 34 is down, M 1 kg of working fluid down the expansion process 57, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg of working fluid down the expansion process 78, and (M 1 + H) kg
  • the working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 9c is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting power consumption, completing the thermal conversion work and providing external circulation net power, forming a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 47, H kg working fluid condensate boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56 , M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +H) the pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 9c, (M 1 +H) the exothermic condensation process of kilogram working fluid c1-a total of 13 processes.
  • 3Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process 95 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor;
  • the working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 9c is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting power consumption, completing the thermal conversion work and providing external circulation net power, forming a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 59, H kg working fluid condensate boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process c6 , M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, M 2 kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixing and cooling process exothermic kg H working medium 9c, (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant expansion process down cd, (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant exothermic condensation of 14 d1-- process.
  • 3Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process c6 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor;
  • M 1 kg depressurisation of the working fluid 34 is, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurisation 59, M 2 kg depressurisation of the working fluid 78, and (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant expansion process buck CD, It is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 56, M 1 kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic cooling process 69, H kg working fluid condensate pressure boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating , Vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increasing process c7, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 78, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixing and cooling process exothermic kg H working medium 9c, (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant expansion process down cd, (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant exothermic condensation of 14 d1-- process.
  • 3Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process c7 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor; M 1 kg expansion process of the working fluid 34 is down, M 1 kg of working fluid down the expansion process 56, the step-down the expansion process of the working medium M 2 89 kg, and (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant expansion buck
  • the process cd is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, H kg working fluid condensate boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process c5, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid Endothermic heating process 56, X kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic cooling process 9c, (M 1 +H) the pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid
  • 3Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process c5 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor;
  • the pressure-reducing expansion process cd of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting power consumption, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, H kg working fluid condensate pressure boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e8, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 8a, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process a5, (M 1 + M 2 )Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56, (M 1 +M 2 )Kg working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 67, (M 1 +M 2 )Kg working fluid mixed with H kg working fluid, exothermic cooling process 78, (M 1 +H) the pressure-reducing expansion process of the kilogram working fluid
  • 3Energy conversion process-the boosting process of M 1 kg of working fluid 12 and the boosting process of H kg of working fluid 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process of M 2 kg of working fluid 8a and (M 2 -M)
  • the pressure increase process a5 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 67, and (M 1 +H)
  • the pressure-reducing expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 89 is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting power consumption, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided externally to form a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 57, H kg working fluid condensate boost Process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 9a, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process a6, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid pressure reducing expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram Working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1
  • Endothermic process The endothermic heat of the e9 process with H kg of working fluid is provided by the exothermic heat of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid 89, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 2b
  • the endothermic heat of the process comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, or an external heat source is provided at the same time;
  • the endothermic heat of M 1 kg of working fluid for the 2b process comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kg
  • the working fluid performs the b3 process and the 45 process, and the (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid performs the 67 process, and the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
  • 3Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 12 and H kg of working fluid boosting process 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process 9a and (M 2 -M)
  • the pressure increase process a6 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 57, (M 1 +M 2 ) the pressure-reducing expansion process 78 of the kilogram working fluid, and the pressure-reducing expansion process of the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid 9c, which are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed It also provides external circulating net power to form a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) Pressure reduction and expansion process of kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 47, H kilogram working fluid condensate pressure rise process 1e, H kilogram working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e9, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 9a, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process a5, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 56, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid depressurization expansion process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg Working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +H)
  • Endothermic process The endothermic heat of the e9 process with H kg of working fluid is provided by the exothermic heat of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid 89, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 2b
  • the heat absorption of the process comes from the mixed exothermic heat of M kilograms of superheated steam, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; (M 1 +M) kilograms of working fluid for b3 and 47 processes, and (M 2 -M) kilograms of working fluid for 56 During the process, the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
  • the pressure increase process a5 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 2 -M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) the pressure-reducing expansion process 78 of the kilogram working fluid, and the pressure-reducing expansion process of the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid 9c, which are generally completed by the expander;
  • the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed It also provides external circulating net power to form a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 59, H kg working fluid condensate boost Process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process ca, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process a6, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reducing expansion process 78, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid Mixing with H kg working fluid, exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +
  • 3Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 12 and H kg of working fluid boosting process 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process ca and (M 2 -M)
  • the pressure increase process a6 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure-reducing expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) the pressure-reducing expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 59, (M 2 -M)
  • the pressure reduction process 78 of the kilogram working fluid, and the pressure reduction and expansion process cd of the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid cd which are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boost work, and the thermal transformation work is completed.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) Pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) heat-absorbing and heating-up process of kilogram working fluid 45, (M 1 +M) pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 56, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid quality and H kg refrigerant mixing exothermic cooling process 69, the working fluid condensate kg H bootstrapping 1E, H kg refrigerant absorbs heat heating, vaporization and superheating process ec, M 2 kg refrigerant boost heating process ca, M The mixing exothermic condensation process of kilogram working fluid and M 1 kilogram working fluid ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure rising process a7, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 78, (M 2 -M)Kg working fluid depressur
  • 3Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 12 and H kg of working fluid boosting process 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process ca and (M 2 -M)
  • the pressure increase process a7 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction and expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction process of the kilogram working fluid 56, (M 2- M)
  • the pressure reduction process of the kilogram working fluid 89, and the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process cd which are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal conversion work is completed and external Provide cycle net power to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • Working medium M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, H kg working fluid condensate pressure boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process ca, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process a5, (M 1 + M 2 )Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56, X kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg Working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X
  • 3Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 12 and H kg of working fluid boosting process 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process ca and (M 2 -M)
  • the pressure increase process a5 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction and expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, the pressure reduction process of the X kilogram working fluid 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X)
  • the pressure reduction process 78 of the kilogram working fluid, and the pressure reduction expansion process cd of the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid cd are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the external circulation is provided Net work, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
  • a single working fluid is conducive to production and storage; reduces operating costs and improves the flexibility of cycle adjustment
  • the circulating medium and the heat source medium are the same gas, and the absorbing link of the circulating working fluid from the heat source is beneficial to reduce temperature difference heat transfer loss and improve thermal efficiency.
  • the low-pressure and high-temperature operation method is adopted in the high-temperature zone to solve the difficult to reconcile contradiction between the thermal efficiency, circulating medium parameters and the pressure and temperature resistance of pipes in traditional steam power plants.
  • low-pressure operation can be selected to provide theoretical support for improving the safety of device operation.
  • the working fluid has a wide application range, can well adapt to the energy supply demand, and the working fluid and working parameters can be matched flexibly.
  • thermodynamic cycle range for realizing the utilization of temperature difference is expanded, which is beneficial to better realize the high-efficiency power utilization of high-temperature heat source and variable-temperature heat source.

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Abstract

A single working fluid steam combined cycle, relating to the technical field of energies and power. A single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to a closed process consisting of twelve processes respectively or simultaneously carried out for M1 kg, M2 kg, and H kg working fluids, i.e., M1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M1 kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process 23, M1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, H kg working fluid boost process 1e, a mixing endothermic process e8 of H kg working fluid and (M1+M2) kg working fluid, M2 kg working fluid boost process 85, (M1+M2) kg working fluid heat absorption process 56, (M1+M2) kg working fluid depressurization process 67, a mixing exothermic process 78 of (M1+M2) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid, (M1+H) kg working fluid depressurization process 89, and (M1+H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91.

Description

单工质蒸汽联合循环Single working substance steam combined cycle 技术领域：Technical field:
本发明属于能源与动力技术领域。The invention belongs to the field of energy and power technology.
背景技术：Background technique:
冷需求、热需求和动力需求，为人类生活与生产当中所常见；其中，利用热能转换为机械能是获得和提供动力的重要方式。一般情况下，热源的温度随着热的释放而降低，热源是变温的；在以化石燃料为源头能源时，热源同时具有高温和变温的双重特点，这使得采用单一热力循环理论实现制冷、供热或转化为动时能源利用率不理想。Cold demand, heat demand and power demand are common in human life and production; among them, the conversion of heat energy into mechanical energy is an important way to obtain and provide power. Under normal circumstances, the temperature of the heat source decreases with the release of heat, and the heat source is variable temperature; when fossil fuels are used as the source energy, the heat source has the dual characteristics of high temperature and variable temperature at the same time, which makes the use of a single thermal cycle theory to achieve cooling and supply The energy efficiency is not ideal when the heat is converted into motion.
以外燃式蒸汽动力装置为例，其热源属于高温且为变温热源；当以朗肯循环为理论基础，采用水蒸气为循环工质实现热变功时，由于受到材料耐温耐压性能和安全性方面的限制，无论采用何种参数运行，循环工质与热源之间都存在较大的温差损失，不可逆损失大，导致热效率较低。Take the external combustion steam power plant as an example, the heat source is high temperature and variable temperature heat source; when the Rankine cycle is used as the theoretical basis, water vapor is used as the circulating working fluid to achieve thermal variable work, due to the temperature and pressure resistance of the material And safety restrictions, no matter what parameters are used for operation, there is a large temperature difference between the circulating working fluid and the heat source, and the irreversible loss is large, resulting in low thermal efficiency.
现实中，人们需要简单、主动、高效地利用燃料生成或其它的高温热能来实现制冷、供热或转化为动力，这需要热科学基础理论的支撑；在热科学基础理论体系中，热力循环是热能利用装置的理论基础和能源利用系统的核心；热力循环的创建及发展应用将对能源利用的飞跃起到重大作用，将积极推动社会进步和生产力发展。In reality, people need to use fuel generation or other high-temperature heat energy to achieve cooling, heating, or conversion into power simply, actively, and efficiently. This requires the support of the basic theory of thermal science; in the basic theoretical system of thermal science, the thermal cycle is The theoretical basis of thermal energy utilization devices and the core of energy utilization systems; the creation and development and application of thermal cycles will play a major role in the leap of energy utilization and will actively promote social progress and productivity development.
从简单、主动和高效地实现温差利用的原则出发，针对高温热源或变温热源的动力应用，力求为热动系统的简单化和高效化提供理论支撑，本发明提出了单工质蒸汽联合循环。Starting from the principle of simple, active and efficient utilization of temperature difference, aiming at the power application of high temperature heat source or variable temperature heat source, and striving to provide theoretical support for the simplification and high efficiency of the thermodynamic system, the present invention proposes a single working substance steam combination cycle.
发明内容：Summary of the invention:
本发明主要目的是要提供单工质蒸汽联合循环，具体发明内容分项阐述如下：The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single working fluid steam combined cycle, and the specific content of the invention is described as follows:
1.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e8，M 2千克工质升压过程85，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程56，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混和放热过程78，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程。 1. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid consisting of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and twelve processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant heat absorption process 45, H kg refrigerant pressure boost process 1e, H kg refrigerant heat absorption process e8, M 2 kg Working fluid pressure increase process 85, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid heat absorption process 56, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg Working fluid mixing exothermic process 78, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization process 89, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-a closed process of composition.
2.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程57，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压过程96，M 2千克工质吸热过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混和放热过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 2. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, respectively or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant endothermic process 45, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 57, H kg refrigerant boost process 1e, H kg Working fluid endothermic process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 96, M 2 kg working fluid heat absorption process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg Working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a closed process composed of.
3.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程47，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压过程95，M 2千克工质吸热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程67， (M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 3. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to 13 processes that are composed of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant heat absorption process 47, H kg refrigerant pressure boost process 1e, H kg refrigerant heat absorption process e9, M 2 kg Working fluid boost process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid depressurization process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg Working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid depressurization process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1——composed closed process.
4.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程59，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程c6，M 2千克工质吸热过程67，M 2千克工质降压过程78，M 2千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 4. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid consisting of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, and 14 processes carried out separately or together-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant endothermic process 45, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 59, H kg refrigerant boost process 1e, H kg Working fluid endothermic process ec, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increase process c6, M 2 kg working fluid heat absorption process 67, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 78, M 2 kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic Process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid pressure reduction process cd, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation Process d1-the closed process of composition.
5.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程56，M 1千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程69，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程c7，M 2千克工质吸热过程78，M 2千克工质降压过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 5. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid consisting of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, 14 processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45, M 1 kilogram working fluid depressurization process 56, M 1 kg working fluid mixed with H kg working fluid exothermic process 69, H kg refrigerant bootstrapping 1e, H kg refrigerant endothermic process ec, M 2 kg refrigerant boosting process c7, M 2 kg refrigerant endothermic process 78, M 2 kg refrigerant buck Process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid pressure reduction process cd, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation Process d1-the closed process of composition.
6.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程c5，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程56，X千克工质降压过程69，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 6. The single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and fifteen processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 12, M 1 Kilogram refrigerant endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant heat absorption process 45, H kg refrigerant pressure boost process 1e, H kg refrigerant heat absorption process ec, M 2 kg Working fluid pressure increase process c5, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, X kilogram working fluid depressurization process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid and H Kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid depressurization process cd, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process d1—composition closed process.
7.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e8，M 2千克工质升压过程8a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程56，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程78，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程。 7. The single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, respectively or together fifteen processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , H kg working fluid boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process e8, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 8a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boost Process a5, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic process 56, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixed with H kg working fluid Thermal process 78, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization process 89, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-a closed process of composition.
8.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十六个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程57，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压过程9a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放 热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 8. Single-working-substance steam combined cycle refers to sixteen processes that are composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg, and H kg, respectively or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 57, H kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 9a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation Process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boosting process a6, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid depressurizing process 78, (M 1 + M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 9c, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-composition closure process.
9.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十六个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程47，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压过程9a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 9. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the sixteen processes that are composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg working fluid separately or together-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 47 , H kg working fluid boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 9a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boost Process a5, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 + M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 9c, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-composition closure process.
10.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十七个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程59，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 10. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the seventeen processes that are composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg working fluid separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 59, H kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation Process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boost process a6, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 2 -M) ) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurizing process cd, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process d1-closed process of composition.
11.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十七个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程56，(M 1+M)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程69，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a7，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 11. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, and 17 processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 69, H kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic Process ec, M 2 kg working fluid pressure boost process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boost process a7, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid endothermic process 78 , (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid pressure reduction process cd, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process d1-closed process of composition.
12.单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十八个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程56，X千克工质降压过程69，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 12. Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and 18 processes carried out separately or together-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 Kilogram working fluid endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45 , H kg working fluid boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boost process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boost Process a5, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, X kilogram working fluid depressurization process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing Exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid depressurization process cd, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process d1—composition closed process.
附图说明：Description of the drawings:
图1/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第1种原则性流程示例图。Figure 1/12 is an example diagram of the first principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图2/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第2种原则性流程示例图。Figure 2/12 is an example diagram of the second principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图3/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第3种原则性流程示例图。Figure 3/12 is an example diagram of the third principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图4/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第4种原则性流程示例图。Figure 4/12 is an example diagram of the fourth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图5/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第5种原则性流程示例图。Figure 5/12 is an example diagram of the fifth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图6/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第6种原则性流程示例图。Figure 6/12 is an example diagram of the sixth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图7/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第7种原则性流程示例图。Figure 7/12 is an example diagram of the seventh principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图8/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第8种原则性流程示例图。Figure 8/12 is an example diagram of the eighth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图9/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第9种原则性流程示例图。Figure 9/12 is an example diagram of the ninth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图10/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第10种原则性流程示例图。Figure 10/12 is an example diagram of the tenth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图11/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第11种原则性流程示例图。Figure 11/12 is an example diagram of the eleventh principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
图12/12是依据本发明所提供的单工质蒸汽联合循环第12种原则性流程示例图。Figure 12/12 is an example diagram of the twelfth principle flow chart of the single working fluid steam combined cycle provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
首先要说明的是，在结构和流程的表述上，非必要情况下不重复进行；对显而易见的流程不作表述。下面结合附图和实例来详细描述本发明。The first thing to note is that in the expression of the structure and process, it is not repeated unless necessary; the obvious process is not described. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
图1/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 1/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程e8，M 2千克工质升压升温过程85，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程56，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压膨胀过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混和放热降温过程78，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程91——共12个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, H kg working fluid condensate boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e8, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 85, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid Endothermic heating process 56, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixed with H kg working fluid, exothermic cooling process 78, (M 1 +H) The pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 89, the exothermic condensation process of (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid 91-a total of 12 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行e8过程的吸热由(M 1+M 2)千克工质78过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行23过程和45过程，以及(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行56过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process——The endothermic heat of the e8 process with H kg of working fluid is provided by the exothermic heat of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid 78, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 Processes and 45 processes, and (M 1 +M 2 ) kilograms of working fluid are used for 56 processes, and the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至8点，完成78放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行91过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——(M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid releases heat to H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 8 points to complete the 78 exothermic process; (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid carries out 91 process The exothermic heat is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and is provided to the thermal user in the case of the combined heat and power supply.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程85一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质的降压膨胀过程67，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程89，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process 85 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor; The pressure-reducing expansion process of M 1 kilogram working fluid 34, the pressure-reducing expansion process of (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid 67, and the pressure-reducing expansion process of (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid 89 are generally performed by an expander The expansion work is greater than the boosting work consumption, the thermal conversion work is completed and the net cycle power is provided to the outside, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图2/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 2/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 1千克工质降压过膨胀程57，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压升温过程96，M 2千克工质吸热升温过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压膨 胀过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混和放热降温过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共13个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurizes through expansion range 57, H kg working fluid condensate boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 96, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic cooling process 89 , (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a total of 13 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行e9过程的吸热由(M 1+M 2)千克工质89过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行23过程和45过程，以及M 2千克工质进行67过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the endothermic heat of the e9 process with H kg of working fluid is provided by (M 1 + M 2 ) the exothermic heat of the 89 process of kg of working fluid, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 Processes and 45 processes, as well as M 2 kg working fluid for 67 processes, the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成89放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——(M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid releases heat from H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 9 o'clock to complete the 89 exothermic process; (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid undergoes the c1 process The exothermic heat is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and is provided to the thermal user in the case of the combined heat and power supply.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程96一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程57，(M 1+M 2)千克工质的降压膨胀过程78，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程9c，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process 96 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor; M 1 kg expansion process of the working fluid 34 is down, M 1 kg of working fluid down the expansion process 57, (M 1 + M 2 ) kg of working fluid down the expansion process 78, and (M 1 + H) kg The working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 9c is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting power consumption, completing the thermal conversion work and providing external circulation net power, forming a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图3/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working substance steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 3/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程47，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压升温过程95，M 2千克工质吸热升温过程56，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压膨胀过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共13个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 47, H kg working fluid condensate boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56 , M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +H) the pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 9c, (M 1 +H) the exothermic condensation process of kilogram working fluid c1-a total of 13 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行e9过程的吸热由(M 1+M 2)千克工质89过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行23过程和47过程，以及M 2千克工质进行56过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the endothermic heat of the e9 process with H kg of working fluid is provided by (M 1 + M 2 ) the exothermic heat of the 89 process of kg of working fluid, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 23 Process and process 47, as well as process 56 with M 2 kg working fluid, the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成89放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——(M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid releases heat from H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 9 o'clock to complete the 89 exothermic process; (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid undergoes the c1 process The exothermic heat is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and is provided to the thermal user in the case of the combined heat and power supply.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程95一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，M 2千克工质的降压膨胀过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质的降压膨胀过程78，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程9c，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process 95 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor; The pressure-reducing expansion process of M 1 kg working fluid 34, the pressure-reducing expansion process of M 2 kg working fluid 67, the pressure-reducing expansion process of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid 78, and (M 1 +H) kg The working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 9c is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting power consumption, completing the thermal conversion work and providing external circulation net power, forming a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图4/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 4/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 1千克工质降 压膨胀过程59，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压升温过程c6，M 2千克工质吸热升温过程67，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程78，M 2千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——共14个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 59, H kg working fluid condensate boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process c6 , M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, M 2 kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixing and cooling process exothermic kg H working medium 9c, (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant expansion process down cd, (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant exothermic condensation of 14 d1-- process.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行ec过程的吸热由(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质89过程和(M 1+M 2)千克工质9c过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行23过程和45过程，以及M 2千克工质进行67过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the heat absorption of the ec process of the H kg working fluid is provided by the heat release of the (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid 89 process and the (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid 9c process, Or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for the 23 process and 45 process, and M 2 kg of the working fluid is used for the 67 process, and the required heat load is provided by the external heat source.
②放热过程——M 2千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成89放热过程；(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至c点，完成9c放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行d1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-M 2 kg of working fluid releases heat from H kg of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 9 points to complete the 89 exothermic process; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid releases heat from H in a mixed manner The kilogram of working fluid is cooled to point c to complete the 9c heat release process; (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid undergoes heat release during the d1 process, which is generally released to a low-temperature heat source and provided to heat users in the case of combined heat and power supply.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程c6一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压过程34，M 1千克工质的降压过程59，M 2千克工质的降压过程78，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process c6 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor; M 1 kg depressurisation of the working fluid 34 is, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurisation 59, M 2 kg depressurisation of the working fluid 78, and (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant expansion process buck CD, It is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图5/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of a single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 5/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程56，M 1千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程69，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压升温过程c7，M 2千克工质吸热升温过程78，M 2千克工质降压膨胀过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——共14个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization and expansion process 56, M 1 kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic cooling process 69, H kg working fluid condensate pressure boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating , Vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid pressure increasing process c7, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic heating process 78, M 2 kg working fluid depressurizing expansion process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixing and cooling process exothermic kg H working medium 9c, (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant expansion process down cd, (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant exothermic condensation of 14 d1-- process.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行ec过程的吸热由M 1千克工质69过程和(M 1+M 2)千克工质9c过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行23过程和45过程，以及M 2千克工质进行56过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the heat absorption of the ec process of H kg of working fluid is provided by the exothermic process of M 1 kg of working fluid 69 process and (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid 9c process, or an external heat source is provided at the same time ; M 1 kg of working fluid for 23 and 45 processes, and M 2 kg of working fluid for 56 processes, the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——M 1千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成69放热过程；(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至c点，完成9c放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行d1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-M 1 kg of working fluid releases heat from H kg of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 9 points to complete the 69 exothermic process; (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid releases heat to H in a mixed manner The kilogram of working fluid is cooled to point c to complete the 9c heat release process; (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid undergoes heat release during the d1 process, which is generally released to a low-temperature heat source and provided to heat users in the case of combined heat and power supply.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程c7一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程56，M 2千克工质的降压膨胀过程89，还有(M 1+H) 千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process c7 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor; M 1 kg expansion process of the working fluid 34 is down, M 1 kg of working fluid down the expansion process 56, the step-down the expansion process of the working medium M 2 89 kg, and (M 1 + H) kg refrigerant expansion buck The process cd is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图6/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 6/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程23，M 1千克工质降压膨胀过程34，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程45，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压升温过程c5，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程56，X千克工质降压膨胀过程69，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热升温过程67，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质降压膨胀过程78，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——共15个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process 23, M 1 kg of working fluid depressurization and expansion process 34, M 1 kg of working fluid absorbs heat Heating process 45, H kg working fluid condensate boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process c5, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid Endothermic heating process 56, X kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic cooling process 9c, (M 1 +H) the pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid cd, (M 1 +H) the exothermic condensation process of kilogram working fluid d1-a total of 15 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行ec过程的吸热由(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质89过程和(M 1+M 2)千克工质9c过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行23过程和45过程，(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行56过程，以及(M 1+M 2-X)千克进行67过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the heat absorption of the ec process of the H kg working fluid is provided by the heat release of the (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid 89 process and the (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid 9c process, Or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid for 23 processes and 45 processes, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid for 56 processes, and (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg for 67 processes. The heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成89放热过程；(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至c点，完成9c放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行d1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——(M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid radiates heat to H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is lowered to 9 points to complete the 89 exothermic process; (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid The heat is released to H kg of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to point c to complete the 9c exothermic process; (M 1 +H) kg of working fluid undergoes heat release in the d1 process, which is generally released to the low temperature heat source, and the heat is combined Hot user provided.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程c5一般由压缩机来完成；M 1千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，X千克工质的降压膨胀过程69，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质的降压膨胀过程78，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-the boosting process 12 of M 1 kg working fluid and the boosting process 1e of H kg working fluid are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process c5 of M 2 kg working fluid is generally completed by a compressor; The pressure-reducing expansion process of M 1 kg working fluid 34, the pressure-reducing expansion process of X kilogram working fluid 69, the pressure-reducing expansion process of (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid 78, and (M 1 +H) The pressure-reducing expansion process cd of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting power consumption, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided to the outside to form a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图7/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working substance steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 7/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程e8，M 2千克工质升压升温过程8a，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a5，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程56，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压膨胀过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程78，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程91——共15个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, H kg working fluid condensate pressure boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e8, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 8a, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process a5, (M 1 + M 2 )Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56, (M 1 +M 2 )Kg working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 67, (M 1 +M 2 )Kg working fluid mixed with H kg working fluid, exothermic cooling process 78, (M 1 +H) the pressure-reducing expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 89, (M 1 +H) the exothermic condensation process of the kilogram working fluid 91-a total of 15 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行e8过程的吸热由(M 1+M 2)千克工质78过程的放热 来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，或还有外部热源同时提供；(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程和45过程，以及(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行56过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the endothermic heat of the e8 process with H kg of working fluid is provided by the exothermic heat of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid 78, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 2b The heat absorption of the process comes from the mixed exothermic heat of M kilograms of superheated steam, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; (M 1 +M) kilograms of working fluid for b3 and 45 processes, and (M 1 +M 2 ) kilograms of working fluid for 56 process, the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至8点，完成78放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行91过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——(M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid releases heat to H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 8 points to complete the 78 exothermic process; (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid carries out 91 process The exothermic heat is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and is provided to the thermal user in the case of the combined heat and power supply.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程8a和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a5一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M 2)千克工质的降压膨胀过程67，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程89，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-the boosting process of M 1 kg of working fluid 12 and the boosting process of H kg of working fluid 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, and the boosting process of M 2 kg of working fluid 8a and (M 2 -M) The pressure increase process a5 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M 2 ) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 67, and (M 1 +H) The pressure-reducing expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 89 is generally completed by an expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting power consumption, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the net work is provided externally to form a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图8/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of a single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 8/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程57，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压升温过程9a，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热升温过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压膨胀过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共16个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 57, H kg working fluid condensate boost Process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process 9a, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process a6, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid pressure reducing expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram Working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction expansion process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a total of 16 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行e9过程的吸热由(M 1+M 2)千克工质89过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程和45过程，以及(M 2-M)千克工质进行67过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process——The endothermic heat of the e9 process with H kg of working fluid is provided by the exothermic heat of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid 89, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 2b The endothermic heat of the process comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; the endothermic heat of M 1 kg of working fluid for the 2b process comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kg The working fluid performs the b3 process and the 45 process, and the (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid performs the 67 process, and the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成89放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——(M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid releases heat from H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 9 o'clock to complete the 89 exothermic process; (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid undergoes the c1 process The exothermic heat is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and is provided to the thermal user in the case of the combined heat and power supply.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程9a和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a6一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程57，(M 1+M 2)千克工质的降压膨胀过程78，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程9c，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 12 and H kg of working fluid boosting process 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process 9a and (M 2 -M) The pressure increase process a6 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 57, (M 1 +M 2 ) the pressure-reducing expansion process 78 of the kilogram working fluid, and the pressure-reducing expansion process of the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid 9c, which are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed It also provides external circulating net power to form a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图9/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of a single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 9/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程47，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压升温过程9a，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a5，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热升温过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压膨胀过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——共16个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) Pressure reduction and expansion process of kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 47, H kilogram working fluid condensate pressure rise process 1e, H kilogram working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process e9, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process 9a, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process a5, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 56, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid depressurization expansion process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid depressurization expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg Working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction expansion process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-a total of 16 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行e9过程的吸热由(M 1+M 2)千克工质89过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，或还有外部热源同时提供；(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程和47过程，以及(M 2-M)千克工质进行56过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process——The endothermic heat of the e9 process with H kg of working fluid is provided by the exothermic heat of (M 1 +M 2 ) kg of working fluid 89, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; M 1 kg of working fluid is used for 2b The heat absorption of the process comes from the mixed exothermic heat of M kilograms of superheated steam, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; (M 1 +M) kilograms of working fluid for b3 and 47 processes, and (M 2 -M) kilograms of working fluid for 56 During the process, the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成89放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行c1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——(M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid releases heat from H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 9 o'clock to complete the 89 exothermic process; (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid undergoes the c1 process The exothermic heat is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and is provided to the thermal user in the case of the combined heat and power supply.
③能量转换过程—一M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程9a和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a5一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，(M 2-M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质的降压膨胀过程78，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程9c，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process—one M 1 kilogram working fluid boosting process 12 and H kilogram working fluid boosting process 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, M 2 kilogram working fluid boosting process 9a and (M 2 -M) The pressure increase process a5 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 2 -M) the pressure reduction expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) the pressure-reducing expansion process 78 of the kilogram working fluid, and the pressure-reducing expansion process of the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid 9c, which are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal transformation is completed It also provides external circulating net power to form a single working fluid steam combined cycle.
图10/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 10/12 is performed as follows:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程59，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压升温过程ca，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热升温过程67，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——共17个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 59, H kg working fluid condensate boost Process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boosting and heating process ca, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2- M) Kilogram working fluid pressure increasing process a6, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reducing expansion process 78, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid Mixing with H kg working fluid, exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixed with H kg working fluid, exothermic cooling process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid pressure reduction and expansion process cd, ( M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process d1-a total of 17 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行ec过程的吸热由(M 2-M)千克工质89过程的放热和(M 1+M 2)千克工质9c过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程 和45过程，以及(M 2-M)千克工质进行67过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the heat absorption of the ec process of the H kg working fluid is provided by the heat release of the (M 2 -M) kg working fluid 89 process and the (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid 9c process. Or an external heat source is provided at the same time; the heat absorption of M 1 kg of working fluid for the 2b process comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; the heat of M 1 kg of working fluid for the 2b process comes from M The mixed exotherm of kilograms of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kilograms of working fluid for b3 and 45 processes, and (M 2 -M) kilograms of working fluid for 67 processes, the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 2-M)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成89放热过程；(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至c点，完成9c放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行d1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process-(M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid releases heat from H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 9 points to complete the 89 exothermic process; (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid is in a mixed manner The heat is released from the H kg working fluid, and the temperature is reduced to point c to complete the 9c heat release process; (M 1 +H) kg of the working fluid undergoes heat release during the d1 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and provided to the heat user during the combined heat and power supply .
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程ca和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a6一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程59，(M 2-M)千克工质的降压过程78，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 12 and H kg of working fluid boosting process 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process ca and (M 2 -M) The pressure increase process a6 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure-reducing expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) the pressure-reducing expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 59, (M 2 -M) The pressure reduction process 78 of the kilogram working fluid, and the pressure reduction and expansion process cd of the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid cd, which are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boost work, and the thermal transformation work is completed. Provide net power to the outside to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图11/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 11/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程56，(M 1+M)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程69，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压升温过程ca，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a7，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热升温过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质降压膨胀过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——共计17个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M) Pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) heat-absorbing and heating-up process of kilogram working fluid 45, (M 1 +M) pressure-reducing expansion process of kilogram working fluid 56, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid quality and H kg refrigerant mixing exothermic cooling process 69, the working fluid condensate kg H bootstrapping 1E, H kg refrigerant absorbs heat heating, vaporization and superheating process ec, M 2 kg refrigerant boost heating process ca, M The mixing exothermic condensation process of kilogram working fluid and M 1 kilogram working fluid ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure rising process a7, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic heating process 78, (M 2 -M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 89, (M 1 +M 2 )Kg working fluid mixed with Hkg working fluid exothermic cooling process 9c, (M 1 +H)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process cd, ( M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process d1-a total of 17 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行ec过程的吸热由(M 1+M)千克工质69过程的放热和(M 1+M 2)千克工质9c过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程和45过程，以及(M 2-M)千克工质进行78过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the endothermic heat of the ec process of the H kg working fluid is provided by the heat release of the (M 1 +M) kg working fluid 69 process and the (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid 9c process. Or an external heat source is provided at the same time; the heat absorption of M 1 kg of working fluid for the 2b process comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; the heat of M 1 kg of working fluid for the 2b process comes from M The mixed heat release of kilograms of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kilograms of working fluid for b3 and 45 processes, and (M 2 -M) kilograms of working fluid for 78 processes, the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 1+M)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成69放热过程；(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至c点，完成9c放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行d1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——(M 1 +M) kilogram of working fluid releases heat from H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to 9 o'clock to complete the 69 exothermic process; (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid is in a mixed manner The heat is released from the H kg working fluid, and the temperature is reduced to point c to complete the 9c heat release process; (M 1 +H) kg of the working fluid undergoes heat release during the d1 process, which is generally released to the low-temperature heat source, and provided to the heat user during the combined heat and power supply .
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程ca和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a7一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质的降压过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质的降压过程89，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 12 and H kg of working fluid boosting process 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process ca and (M 2 -M) The pressure increase process a7 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction and expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction process of the kilogram working fluid 56, (M 2- M) The pressure reduction process of the kilogram working fluid 89, and the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process cd, which are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal conversion work is completed and external Provide cycle net power to form a single working substance steam combined cycle.
图12/12所示T-s图中的单工质蒸汽联合循环示例是这样进行的：The example of the single working fluid steam combined cycle in the T-s diagram shown in Figure 12/12 is performed like this:
(1)从循环过程上看：(1) From the perspective of the cycle process:
工作介质进行——M 1千克工质冷凝液升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热升温过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压膨胀过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热升温过程45，H千克工质冷凝液升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热升温、汽化和过热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压升温过程ca，M千克工质与M 1千克工质的混合放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压升温过程a5，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热升温过程56，X千克工质降压膨胀过程69，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热升温过程67，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质降压膨胀过程78，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热降温过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——共计18个过程。 Working medium: M 1 kg of working fluid condensate boost process 12, M 1 kg of working fluid endothermic heating process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg of working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process b3, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 34, (M 1 +M)Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 45, H kg working fluid condensate pressure boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic heating, vaporization and overheating process ec, M 2 kg working fluid pressure rising process ca, M kg working fluid and M 1 kg working fluid mixed exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure rising process a5, (M 1 + M 2 )Kg working fluid endothermic heating process 56, X kg working fluid depressurization expansion process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic heating process 67, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg Working fluid pressure-reducing expansion process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic cooling process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic Cooling process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization expansion process cd, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process d1-a total of 18 processes.
(2)从能量转换上看：(2) From the perspective of energy conversion:
①吸热过程——H千克工质进行ec过程的吸热由(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质89过程和(M 1+M 2)千克工质9c过程的放热来提供，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，或还有外部热源同时提供；M 1千克工质进行2b过程的吸热来自M千克过热蒸汽的混合放热，(M 1+M)千克工质进行b3过程和45过程，(M 1+M 2)千克工质进行56过程，以及(M 1+M 2-X)千克进行67过程，需要的热负荷由外部热源来提供。 ① Endothermic process-the heat absorption of the ec process of the H kg working fluid is provided by the heat release of the (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid 89 process and the (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid 9c process, Or an external heat source is provided at the same time; the heat absorption of M 1 kg of working fluid for the 2b process comes from the mixed exotherm of M kg of superheated steam, or an external heat source is provided at the same time; the heat of M 1 kg of working fluid for the 2b process comes from M The mixed exotherm of kilograms of superheated steam, (M 1 +M) kilograms of working fluid for b3 and 45 processes, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilograms of working fluid for 56 processes, and (M 1 +M 2 -X) kilograms In the 67 process, the required heat load is provided by an external heat source.
②放热过程——(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至9点，完成89放热过程；(M 1+M 2)千克工质以混合方式放热于H千克工质，降温至c点，完成9c放热过程；(M 1+H)千克工质进行d1过程的放热，一般向低温热源释放，热动联供时向热用户提供。 ②Exothermic process——(M 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working fluid radiates heat to H kilogram of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is lowered to 9 points to complete the 89 exothermic process; (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid The heat is released to H kg of working fluid in a mixed manner, and the temperature is reduced to point c to complete the 9c exothermic process; (M 1 +H) kg of working fluid undergoes heat release in the d1 process, which is generally released to the low temperature heat source, and the heat is combined Hot user provided.
③能量转换过程——M 1千克工质的升压过程12和H千克工质的升压过程1e一般由循环泵来完成，M 2千克工质的升压过程ca和(M 2-M)千克工质的升压过程a5一般由压缩机来完成；(M 1+M)千克工质的降压膨胀过程34，X千克工质的降压过程69，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质的降压过程78，还有(M 1+H)千克工质降压膨胀过程cd，一般由膨胀机来完成；膨胀作功大于升压耗功，完成热变功并对外提供循环净功，形成单工质蒸汽联合循环。 ③Energy conversion process-M 1 kg of working fluid boosting process 12 and H kg of working fluid boosting process 1e are generally completed by a circulating pump, M 2 kg of working fluid boosting process ca and (M 2 -M) The pressure increase process a5 of the kilogram working fluid is generally completed by the compressor; (M 1 +M) the pressure reduction and expansion process of the kilogram working fluid 34, the pressure reduction process of the X kilogram working fluid 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) The pressure reduction process 78 of the kilogram working fluid, and the pressure reduction expansion process cd of the (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid cd, are generally completed by the expander; the expansion work is greater than the pressure boosting work, and the thermal conversion work is completed and the external circulation is provided Net work, forming a single working substance steam combined cycle.
本发明技术可以实现的效果——本发明所提出的单工质蒸汽联合循环，具有如下效果和优势：The effects that can be achieved by the technology of the present invention-the single working substance steam combined cycle proposed by the present invention has the following effects and advantages:
(1)创建热能(温差)利用基础理论。(1) Create a basic theory of thermal energy (temperature difference) utilization.
(2)较大幅度减少相变吸热过程的热负荷，相对增加高温段吸热负荷，热效率高。(2) The heat load of the phase change heat absorption process is greatly reduced, and the heat absorption load of the high temperature section is relatively increased, and the thermal efficiency is high.
(3)方法简单，流程合理，适用性好，是实现温差有效利用的共性技术。(3) The method is simple, the process is reasonable, and the applicability is good. It is a common technology to realize the effective use of temperature difference.
(4)单一工质，有利于生产和储存；降低运行成本，提高循环调节的灵活性(4) A single working fluid is conducive to production and storage; reduces operating costs and improves the flexibility of cycle adjustment
(5)过程共用，提高热效率，并为减少设备投资提供理论基础。(5) Process sharing, improving thermal efficiency, and providing a theoretical basis for reducing equipment investment.
(6)在高温区或变温区阶段，循环介质与热源介质同为气体，循环工质自热源吸热环节有利于降低温差传热损失，提高热效率。(6) In the stage of high temperature zone or variable temperature zone, the circulating medium and the heat source medium are the same gas, and the absorbing link of the circulating working fluid from the heat source is beneficial to reduce temperature difference heat transfer loss and improve thermal efficiency.
(7)在高温区采取低压高温运行方式，解决传统蒸汽动力装置中热效率、循环介质参数 与管材耐压耐温性能之间难以调和的矛盾。(7) The low-pressure and high-temperature operation method is adopted in the high-temperature zone to solve the difficult to reconcile contradiction between the thermal efficiency, circulating medium parameters and the pressure and temperature resistance of pipes in traditional steam power plants.
(8)在实现高热效率前提下，可选择低压运行，为提高装置运行的安全性提供理论支撑。(8) Under the premise of achieving high thermal efficiency, low-pressure operation can be selected to provide theoretical support for improving the safety of device operation.
(9)工质适用范围广，能够很好地适应供能需求，工质与工作参数之间匹配灵活。(9) The working fluid has a wide application range, can well adapt to the energy supply demand, and the working fluid and working parameters can be matched flexibly.
(10)扩展了实现温差利用的热力循环范围，有利于更好地实现高温热源和变温热源的高效动力利用。(10) The thermodynamic cycle range for realizing the utilization of temperature difference is expanded, which is beneficial to better realize the high-efficiency power utilization of high-temperature heat source and variable-temperature heat source.

Claims (12)

  1. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十二个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e8，M 2千克工质升压过程85，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程56，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混和放热过程78，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and twelve processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, H kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process e8, M 2 kg working fluid Pressure increasing process 85, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid Mixed exothermic process 78, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization process 89, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-a closed process of composition.
  2. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程57，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压过程96，M 2千克工质吸热过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混和放热过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 The single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in thirteen processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant endothermic process 45, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 57, H kg refrigerant boost process 1e, H kg refrigerant Endothermic process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boost process 96, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid depressurization process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid mixing the working fluid with H kg exothermic process 89, (M 1 + H) kg working fluid depressurisation 9c, (M 1 + H) kg exothermic condensation c1-- working medium consisting of a closed process.
  3. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十三个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程47，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压过程95，M 2千克工质吸热过程56，M 2千克工质降压过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 The single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in thirteen processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 47, H kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process e9, M 2 kg working fluid Pressure increase process 95, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 56, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid The exothermic process of mixing with H kilogram of working fluid 89, the (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid depressurization process 9c, and the (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid exothermic condensation process c1-the closed process of composition.
  4. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程59，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程c6，M 2千克工质吸热过程67，M 2千克工质降压过程78，M 2千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 Single working substance steam combined cycle refers to the working medium composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and 14 processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working medium boost process 12, M 1 kg working medium Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant endothermic process 45, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 59, H kg refrigerant boost process 1e, H kg refrigerant Endothermic process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boost process c6, M 2 kg working fluid endothermic process 67, M 2 kg working fluid depressurization process 78, M 2 kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic process 89 , (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization process cd, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process d1 -The closing process of composition.
  5. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十四个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，M 1千克工质降压过程56，M 1千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程69，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程c7，M 2千克工质吸热过程78，M 2千克工质降压过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 Single working substance steam combined cycle refers to the working medium composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and 14 processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working medium boost process 12, M 1 kg working medium Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 34, M 1 kg working fluid endothermic process 45, M 1 kg working fluid depressurization process 56, M 1 kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixed exothermic Process 69, H kg working fluid boost process 1e, H kg working fluid heat absorption process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boost process c7, M 2 kg working fluid heat absorption process 78, M 2 kg working fluid pressure reduction process 89 , (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization process cd, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process d1 -The closing process of composition.
  6. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热汽化过程23，M 1千克工质降压过程34，M 1千克工质吸热过程45，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程c5，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程56，X千克工质降压过程69，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克 工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in fifteen processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic vaporization process 23, M 1 kg refrigerant depressurization process 34, M 1 kg refrigerant endothermic process 45, H kg refrigerant boost process 1e, H kg refrigerant endothermic process ec, M 2 kg refrigerant Pressure increasing process c5, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic process 56, X kg working fluid depressurizing process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 + M 2 -X) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid depressurization process cd, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process d1—composition closed process.
  7. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十五个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e8，M 2千克工质升压过程8a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程56，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程78，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程91——组成的闭合过程。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, which are carried out separately or jointly in fifteen processes-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, H Kilogram working fluid boost process 1e, H kilogram working fluid endothermic process e8, M 2 kilogram working fluid boost process 8a, M kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boost process a5 , (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic process 56, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 78, (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid depressurization process 89, (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid exothermic condensation process 91-a closed process of composition.
  8. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十六个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程57，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压过程9a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, 16 processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 kilogram working medium Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45, ( M 1 +M) Kg working fluid depressurization process 57, H Kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H Kg working fluid endothermic process e9, M 2 Kg working fluid boosting process 9a, M Kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab , (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid boost process a6, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid depressurization process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1——composition closed process.
  9. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十六个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程47，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程e9，M 2千克工质升压过程9a，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程56，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程67，(M 1+M 2)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程c1——组成的闭合过程。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kilogram, M 2 kilogram and H kilogram, 16 processes carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kilogram working medium boost process 12, M 1 kilogram working medium Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 47, H Kilogram working fluid boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process e9, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process 9a, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boosting process a5 , (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 56, (M 2 -M) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 67, (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working fluid and H kilogram working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid depressurization process 9c, (M 1 +H) kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process c1——composition closed process.
  10. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十七个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程59，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a6，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and 17 processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45, ( M 1 +M) the pressure reduction process of kilogram working fluid 59, the pressure increase process of H kilogram working fluid 1e, the heat absorption process of H kilogram working fluid ec, the pressure rise process of 2 kilogram working fluid ca, the exothermic condensation process of M kilogram working fluid ab , (M 2 -M) kg of working fluid boost process a6, (M 2 -M) kg of working fluid heat absorption process 67, (M 2 -M) kilogram of working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 2 -M) kg The exothermic process of mixing of working fluid and H kilogram of working fluid 89, the exothermic process of (M 1 +M 2 ) kilogram of working fluid and H kilogram of working fluid 9c, the pressure reduction process of (M 1 +H) kilogram of working fluid cd, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process d1——composition closed process.
  11. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十七个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程56，(M 1+M)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程69，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克 工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a7，(M 2-M)千克工质吸热过程78，(M 2-M)千克工质降压过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 Single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluid composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg, and 17 processes that are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boosting process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kilogram working fluid endothermic process 45, ( M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 56, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 69, H kg working fluid boosting process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process ec , M 2 kg working fluid boost process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boost process a7, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid endothermic process 78, ( M 2 -M) kg working fluid pressure reduction process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid pressure reduction process cd, (M 1 +H) Kilogram working fluid exothermic condensation process d1——composition closed process.
  12. 单工质蒸汽联合循环，是指由M 1千克、M 2千克和H千克组成的工质，分别或共同进行的十八个过程——M 1千克工质升压过程12，M 1千克工质吸热过程2b，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热汽化过程b3，(M 1+M)千克工质降压过程34，(M 1+M)千克工质吸热过程45，H千克工质升压过程1e，H千克工质吸热过程ec，M 2千克工质升压过程ca，M千克工质放热冷凝过程ab，(M 2-M)千克工质升压过程a5，(M 1+M 2)千克工质吸热过程56，X千克工质降压过程69，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质吸热过程67，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质降压过程78，(M 1+M 2-X)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程89，(M 1+M 2)千克工质与H千克工质混合放热过程9c，(M 1+H)千克工质降压过程cd，(M 1+H)千克工质放热冷凝过程d1——组成的闭合过程。 The single working fluid steam combined cycle refers to the working fluids composed of M 1 kg, M 2 kg and H kg. Eighteen processes are carried out separately or jointly-M 1 kg working fluid boost process 12, M 1 kg working fluid Endothermic process 2b, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic vaporization process b3, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid depressurization process 34, (M 1 +M) kg working fluid endothermic process 45, H Kilogram working fluid boost process 1e, H kg working fluid endothermic process ec, M 2 kg working fluid boosting process ca, M kg working fluid exothermic condensation process ab, (M 2 -M) kg working fluid boosting process a5 , (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid endothermic process 56, X kg working fluid depressurization process 69, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid endothermic process 67, (M 1 +M 2 -X )Kg working fluid pressure reduction process 78, (M 1 +M 2 -X) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic process 89, (M 1 +M 2 ) kg working fluid and H kg working fluid mixing exothermic Process 9c, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid pressure reduction process cd, (M 1 +H) kg working fluid exothermic condensation process d1-a closed process of composition.
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