CN105587427A - Engine waste heat recovery power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle - Google Patents
Engine waste heat recovery power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105587427A CN105587427A CN201610156955.5A CN201610156955A CN105587427A CN 105587427 A CN105587427 A CN 105587427A CN 201610156955 A CN201610156955 A CN 201610156955A CN 105587427 A CN105587427 A CN 105587427A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
- F02G5/04—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases in combination with other waste heat from combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2260/00—Recuperating heat from exhaust gases of combustion engines and heat from cooling circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention provides an engine waste heat recovery power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle. The system comprises a heat absorbing subsystem, a turbine power generation subsystem and a recovery subsystem. Liquid organic working media exchange heat with water and smoke of an engine cylinder sleeve in sequence, and absorb waste heat of the water and the smoke of the engine cylinder sleeve to generate overheating organic working medium steam, the overheating organic working medium steam is utilized to do work to generate power, the organic working medium steam after doing work is cooled into liquid organic working media, and the liquid organic working media are supplied to the heat absorbing subsystem. The waste heat of an engine can be utilized in a gradient manner, the energy utilization rate is large, the recovery effect is good, and the irreversible loss of the system is reduced. Heat utilizing methods are flexible and varied. The turbine power generation unit is compact in structure and small in size. Under the circumstance of increasing the size little, output power can be doubled. A bearing supporting structure is simple, high in reliability, low in cost and high in mechanical efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engine exhaust heat and reclaim field, particularly a kind of based on organic Rankine circulationEngine exhaust heat reclaims electricity generation system.
Background technology
Organic rankine cycle system utilizes low-grade heat source to make organic working medium steam drive turbo-expanderGenerating is the effective way of recycling low temperature exhaust heat. For example cylinder sleeve of engine water and waste gas residual heatAmount, accounts for oil inflame and produces 60%～70% of total amount of heat, and reasonably reclaiming this part waste heat can the utmost pointThe economy that large raising is started. In existing low temperature exhaust heat recycling and generation technology, You JilangWilling cycle generating system has simply, and generating efficiency is advantages of higher relatively. Organic Rankine circulation is multiplexIn the recovery of underground heat and industrial waste heat, decompressor is that the heat in organic Rankine cycle generating system turns merit portionPart, device performance directly affects the generating efficiency of system. For reclaim cylinder sleeve of engine water waste heat andFume afterheat generating, this area urgently needs a kind of volume of organic Rankine circulation electric generating apparatus little, singleLarge organic Rankine cycle generating system and the device of position summation watt rating, to improve the economy of engine.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of engine exhaust heat recovery based on organic Rankine circulation sends outElectric system.
(2) technical scheme
The invention provides a kind of engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation and reclaim electricity generation system, bagDraw together: heat absorption subsystem, turbine power generation subsystem and recovery subsystem; Wherein, described heat absorption subsystem,Liquid organic working medium is carried out to heat exchange with cylinder sleeve of engine water and flue gas successively, absorb described engineThe waste heat of jacket water and flue gas, generates overheated organic working medium steam; Described turbine power generation subsystem, itsAir inlet connects the gas outlet of described heat absorption subsystem, and described turbine power generation subsystem receives described heat absorptionThe described overheated organic working medium steam that subsystem generates, utilizes described overheated organic working medium steam acting to send outElectricity; Described recovery subsystem, its air inlet connects the gas outlet of described turbine power generation subsystem, receivesOrganic working medium steam after acting, is cooled to liquid organic work by the organic working medium steam after described actingMatter, and described liquid organic working medium is offered to described heat absorption subsystem.
Preferably, described turbine power generation subsystem comprises the first expansion turbine 201, the second expansion turbine202 and generator 203, described the first expansion turbine 201, the second expansion turbine 202 and generator203 become one, and form integrated turbine power generation unit, and described first, second expands thoroughlyFlat 201,202 symmetrical; Described integrated turbine power generation unit comprises: casing 501,One radial permanent magnet suspension bearing 502, the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing 503, magneto winding 504,The first angular contact ball bearing 505, the second angular contact ball bearing 506, the first spiral case 507, the second spiral case508, the first turbine 509, rotating shaft 510, permanent magnet machine rotor 511 and the second turbine 512.
Preferably, to be individually fixed in described casing left and right for described first, second spiral case 507,508Biside plate, described rotating shaft 510 runs through described casing arranged on left and right sides plate and extends to described first,In two spiral cases, described the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing 502 comprises that the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing is movingRing 515 and the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring 516, described the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing 503Comprise the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing rotating ring 517 and the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring 518,Described first, second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring 516,518 is individually fixed in chassis cavityTwo ends, described first position, radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring right side fixing described first of chassis cavityAngular contact ball bearing 505, described the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring left-hand portion fixing described theTwo angular contact ball bearings 506,505,506 pairs of described rotating shafts of described first, second angular contact ball bearing510 carry out axially and radial support, described first, second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing 502,503Radially supplemental support is provided, and the center position of described rotating shaft is arranged described permanent magnet machine rotor 511, instituteState magneto winding 504 and be embedded in the position that chassis cavity is corresponding with permanent magnet machine rotor, describedOne, the second turbine 509,512 is identical two turbines, its lay respectively at described first,In the second spiral case, and be symmetrically fixed on the two ends of described rotating shaft.
Preferably, overheated organic working medium steam is divided into two strands of identical gas by described heat absorption subsystemStream: first strand overheated organic working medium steam and second strand overheated organic working medium steam, described first burst of mistakeHot organic working medium steam enters described the first spiral case 507, described second by the first volute air-inlet mouth 513The overheated organic working medium steam of thigh enters described the second spiral case 508 by the second volute air-inlet mouth 519, and pointTui Dong described first, second turbine 509,512 rotations not do work, described first, second turbine 509,512 rotarily drive coaxial described permanent magnet machine rotor 511 rotates, described magneto winding 504The magnetic field magnetic line of the permanent magnet machine rotor of cutting rotation, produces electric energy, promote described first, secondOverheated organic working medium steam after turbine 509,512 rotation actings is by the first spiral case exhaust outlet 514 andThe second spiral case exhaust outlet 520 is discharged.
Preferably, described heat absorption subsystem comprises: preheater 101, evaporimeter 102, superheater 103,The first valve 104 and current divider 105; The first entrance of described preheater connects described recovery subsystem,Its first outlet connects the entrance of described evaporimeter, the jacket water valve of its second entrance connecting engineOutlet, the jacket water entrance of its second outlet connecting engine; The gas outlet of described evaporimeter connects instituteState the air inlet of superheater, the gas outlet of described superheater connects the air inlet of described the first valve, sends outMotivation smoke exhaust pipe 403 accesses described superheater 103 and evaporimeter 102 successively; Described the first valveGas outlet connects the air inlet of described current divider, the first gas outlet of described current divider and the second gas outletConnect described turbine power generation subsystem, overheated organic working medium steam be divided into two strands of identical air-flows,And be delivered to described turbine power generation subsystem.
Preferably, described liquid organic working medium enters described preheater 101 by preheater the first entrance,Itself and cylinder sleeve of engine water carry out heat exchange and temperature rising in described preheater 101; After heat exchangeLiquid organic working medium enter described evaporimeter 102 by described preheater 101, itself and engine smoke dischargingFlue gas in pipe carries out heat exchange in described evaporimeter 102, absorbs waste heat the life of engine flue gasBecome saturated organic working medium steam; Described in described saturated organic working medium steam is entered by described evaporimeter 102Superheater 103, its in described superheater 103 further with smoke-exhausting pipe of engine in flue gas carry outHeat exchange, further absorbs the waste heat of engine flue gas, and saturated organic working medium steam becomes overheated organicRefrigerant vapor; Described overheated organic working medium steam enters described current divider 105 by described superheater 103,Be divided into two strands of air-flows through described current divider 105, first strand overheated organic working medium steam is by described shuntingDevice first discharge of working off one's feeling vent one's spleen, second strand overheated organic working medium steam arranged by described current divider the second gas outletGo out.
Preferably, between described superheater 103 and the first valve 104, a heat exchanger is also set; DescribedThe air inlet of heat exchanger connects the gas outlet of described superheater, and its gas outlet connects described the first valveAir inlet, smoke-exhausting pipe of engine 403 first accesses described heat exchanger, then accesses successively described superheater 103With evaporimeter 102; The overheated organic working medium steam of excess Temperature enters in described heat exchanger and engineFlue gas in smoke exhaust pipe carries out heat exchange, the heat of the overheated organic working medium steam of smoke absorption excess TemperatureAmount temperature raises, and the flue gas after heat exchange enters described superheater 103 and evaporimeter 102 and organic work againMatter is carried out heat exchange.
Preferably, described recovery subsystem comprises: blender 301, regenerator 302, condenser 303With working medium pump 304; The organic working medium steam that described blender 301 receives after acting, its air inlet connectsConnect the gas outlet of described turbine power generation subsystem, its gas outlet connects the air inlet of described regenerator, instituteThe gas outlet of stating regenerator connects the entrance of described condenser, and described condensator outlet connects described working mediumThe entrance of pump, described working medium delivery side of pump connects the entrance of described regenerator, the outlet of described regeneratorConnect the entrance of described heat absorption subsystem.
Preferably, the organic working medium steam after described acting is by the gas outlet of described turbine power generation subsystemDischarge, enter described regenerator 302 via described blender 301, then entered by described regenerator 302Enter described condenser 303, it cools and becomes liquid organic working medium in described condenser 303,Described working medium pump 304 is to described liquid organic working medium pressurization, and by described liquid organic working medium pump to instituteState regenerator 302, described liquid organic working medium in described regenerator 302 with the described regenerator of flowing throughDescribed acting after organic working medium steam carry out heat exchange, after being flowed out by described regenerator 302, enterDescribed heat absorption subsystem.
Preferably, between the blender 301 of described recovery subsystem and condenser 303, also arrange on one sideLogical valve 305; The air inlet of described by-passing valve connects the gas outlet of described blender, and its gas outlet connectsThe entrance of described condenser, the organic working medium steam after the described acting of being flowed out by described blender can be throughDirectly enter described condenser 303 by described by-passing valve 305, condenser heat is to the car at engine placeInner heat supply.
(3) beneficial effect
Can find out the engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation of the present invention from technique schemeReclaim electricity generation system and there is following beneficial effect:
(1) heat absorption subsystem, turbine power generation subsystem and recovery subsystem composition engine exhaust heat returnTransmitting-receiving electric system, can carry out gradient utilization to cylinder sleeve of engine water waste heat and fume afterheat, energy profitHigh by rate, recovering effect is good;
(2) can between superheater and the first valve, a heat exchanger be set, overheated to excess TemperatureThe waste heat of organic working medium steam utilizes, and has further strengthened the cascade utilization effect of fume afterheatRate, has reduced the irreversible loss of system;
(3) can between the blender of recovery subsystem and condenser, a by-passing valve be set, by controlThe aperture of by-passing valve processed, regulates flow through regenerator and the overheated organic working medium steam that flows directly into condenserAmount, Btu utilization method is versatile and flexible;
(4) adopt two expansion turbine structures, generator arrangements is at integrated turbine power generation unitInside, and coaxially arranged, makes the more compact structure of turbine power generation unit, and volume is less, increases at volumeAdd in little situation, power output can increase into one times;
(5) bearings does not need complicated control system, simple in structure, reliability is high, costLow; Without external feeder, reduce the complexity of system, increase the overall efficiency of system,It is convenient to start, and easily keeping is safeguarded, good reliability; Reduce the radially carrying of rolling bearing, reducedThe power loss brought of bearing friction, do not lose process gas, can improve the efficiency of systemic circulation;Permanent magnet machine rotor is arranged in rotating shaft, shares same rotating shaft with turbine rotor, subtracting in the middle of having reducedSpeed and bindiny mechanism, mechanical efficiency is higher, and structure is more compact.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation of the embodiment of the present invention reclaims electricity generation systemStructural representation;
Fig. 2 be the integrated turbine power generation unit of the embodiment of the present invention rearview, right view andTop view;
Fig. 3 is the profile of the integrated turbine power generation unit A-A direction of the embodiment of the present invention.
[symbol description]
101-preheater; 102-evaporimeter; 103-superheater; 104-the first valve; 105-current divider;
201-the first expansion turbine; 202-the second expansion turbine; 203-generator;
301-blender; 302-regenerator; 303-condenser; 304-working medium pump; 305-by-passing valve;
401-engine; 402-jacket water valve; 403-smoke exhaust pipe;
501-casing; 502-the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing; 503-the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing;504-magneto winding; 505-the first angular contact ball bearing; 506-the second angular contact ball bearing; 507-The first spiral case; 508-the second spiral case; 509-the first turbine; 510-rotating shaft; 511-permanent magnet machine rotor;512-the second turbine; 513-the first volute air-inlet mouth; 514-the first spiral case exhaust outlet; 515-first radiallyPermanent-magnet suspension bearing rotating ring; 516-the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring; 517-the second radial permanent magnetSuspension bearing rotating ring; 518-the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring; 519-the second volute air-inlet mouth;520-the second spiral case exhaust outlet.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with concrete realityExecute example, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation provided by the invention reclaims electricity generation system, can be to sending outJacket water waste heat and the fume afterheat of motivation are recycled.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation of first embodiment of the inventionReclaim electricity generation system, it comprises heat absorption subsystem, turbine power generation subsystem and reclaims subsystem.
Heat absorption subsystem, liquid organic working medium is wherein carried out with jacket water and the flue gas of engine successivelyHeat exchange, the waste heat of absorption cylinder sleeve of engine water and flue gas, generates overheated organic working medium steam.
Turbine power generation subsystem, its air inlet connects the gas outlet of heat absorption subsystem, this turbine power generationSystem receives the overheated organic working medium steam that this heat absorption subsystem generates, and utilizes overheated organic working medium steamActing generating.
Reclaim subsystem, its air inlet connects the gas outlet of turbine power generation subsystem, receives after actingOrganic working medium steam, is cooled to liquid organic working medium by the organic working medium steam after acting, and by liquid stateOrganic working medium offers heat absorption subsystem.
Preferably, this organic working medium is R134a.
Wherein, this heat absorption subsystem comprises preheater 101, evaporimeter 102, superheater 103, firstValve 104, current divider 105, the first entrance of this preheater connects recovery subsystem, the first outletConnect the entrance of evaporimeter, the jacket water valve export of the second entrance connecting engine of preheater, itsSecond outlet connecting engine jacket water entrance, this preheater 101 for liquid organic working medium with send outMotivation jacket water carries out heat exchange with pre-hot liquid organic working medium. The jacket water outlet of engine connects cylinderCover penstock entrance, engine 401 forms a cylinder sleeve via jacket water valve 402, preheater 101Water circulation system.
The gas outlet of this evaporimeter connects the air inlet of superheater, and the gas outlet of this superheater connects firstThe air inlet of valve, smoke-exhausting pipe of engine 403 accesses superheater 103 and evaporimeter 102 successively, steamsHair device 102 is carried out heat exchange for the flue gas of liquid organic working medium and smoke-exhausting pipe of engine, generates fullWith organic working medium steam, superheater 103 is for saturated organic working medium steam and smoke-exhausting pipe of engineFlue gas carries out further heat exchange, generates overheated organic working medium steam.
The gas outlet of the first valve connects the air inlet of current divider, first gas outlet and second of current dividerGas outlet connects turbine power generation subsystem, and overheated organic working medium steam is delivered to turbine power generation subsystem.
Wherein, turbine power generation subsystem comprises the first expansion turbine 201, the second expansion turbine 202 andThe air inlet of generator 203, the first expansion turbines connects the first gas outlet of current divider, and second expandsThe air inlet of turbine connects the second gas outlet of current divider, and overheated organic working medium steam drives first to expandTurbine 201 and the second expansion turbine 202 do work and drive generator 203 to generate electricity, and recycling is startedMachine waste heat.
Wherein, reclaim subsystem and comprise blender 301, regenerator 302, condenser 303 and working mediumPump 304, the organic working medium steam that blender 301 receives after acting, its first air inlet connects firstThe gas outlet of expansion turbine, its second air inlet connects the gas outlet of the second expansion turbine, its gas outletConnect the air inlet of regenerator, the gas outlet of regenerator connects the entrance of condenser, and condensator outlet connectsConnect the entrance of working medium pump, working medium delivery side of pump connects the entrance of regenerator, and the outlet of regenerator connects pre-The first entrance of hot device, this regenerator 302 is for the organic working medium steam after doing work and working medium pump outletLiquid organic working medium carry out heat exchange, condenser 303 for by acting after organic working medium steam coldBut be liquid organic working medium, working medium pump 304 for liquid towards organic working medium pressurization and by it through regenerator302 are delivered to heat absorption subsystem.
A kind of engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation of first embodiment of the invention reclaims generatingSystem, opens jacket water valve 402, cylinder sleeve of engine water through jacket water valve 402 by preheaterTwo entrances enter preheater 101, and liquid organic working medium enters preheater 101 by preheater the first entrance,Jacket water and liquid organic working medium are carried out heat exchange in preheater 101, and liquid organic working medium absorbs cylinderThe cover waste heat of water and temperature raises.
Jacket water temperature after heat exchange reduces by preheater second and exports and discharge and through jacket water entranceBe back to engine 401, complete a jacket water circulation, jacket water is temperature liter after engine interiorHeight, then flowed out constantly periodic duty by jacket water outlet.
Liquid organic working medium after heat exchange is flowed out and entering through steamer by the first outlet of preheaterMouth enters evaporimeter 102, and the flue gas in liquid organic working medium and smoke-exhausting pipe of engine is at evaporimeter 102In carry out heat exchange, the waste heat that absorbs engine flue gas also generates saturated organic working medium steam.
Saturated organic working medium steam is flowed out by the gas outlet of evaporimeter, and enters through the air inlet of superheaterSuperheater 103, saturated organic working medium steam in superheater 103 further with smoke-exhausting pipe of engine inFlue gas carry out heat exchange, further absorb the waste heat of engine flue gas, saturated organic working medium steam becomesFor overheated organic working medium steam.
Overheated organic working medium steam is flowed out by the gas outlet of superheater, enters shunting through the first valve 104Device 105, is divided into two strands of air-flows through current divider 105, and first strand overheated organic working medium steam is by shuntingDevice first discharge of working off one's feeling vent one's spleen, second strand overheated organic working medium steam discharged by current divider the second gas outlet.
It is saturating that first strand overheated organic working medium steam enters the first expansion by the air inlet of the first expansion turbineFlat 201, the second strands overheated organic working medium steams enter the second expansion by the air inlet of the second expansion turbine202, the first strands overheated organic working medium steams of turbine and second strand overheated organic working medium steam drive respectivelyThe first expansion turbine 201 and the second expansion turbine 202 do work, and the first expansion turbine 201 and second is swollenSwollen turbine 202 drives generator 203 to generate electricity, and realizes engine exhaust heat and reclaims generating.
First strand overheated organic working medium steam after acting and second strand overheated organic working medium steam are respectivelyDischarge gas outlet by the first expansion turbine and the second expansion turbine, and enter blender 301, mixedClose in device 301 and be combined into one overheated organic working medium steam, overheated organic working medium steam is given vent to anger by blenderMouth flows out and enters regenerator 302 through the air inlet of regenerator, then is flowed out also by the gas outlet of regeneratorEnter condenser 303 through the entrance of condenser, overheated organic working medium steam is cooling in condenser 303Cooling, becomes liquid organic working medium, and working medium pump 304 liquid towards organic working medium pressurizations, increase its pressureBe added to pressure corresponding to evaporating temperature, and by liquid organic working medium pump to regenerator 302, liquid organicWorking medium is carried out heat exchange with the above-mentioned overheated organic working medium steam of the regenerator of flowing through in regenerator 302,To improve the temperature of liquid organic working medium, after being flowed out by regenerator 302, entered by preheater the first entrancePreheater 101, completes a working cycles, and organic working medium circulates, and engine exhaust heat reclaims to be sent outThe continuous periodic duty of electric system, realizes engine exhaust heat and recycles.
The engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation of the second embodiment of the present invention reclaims generating systemSystem, in order to reach the object of brief description, any skill of making same application in above-mentioned the first embodimentArt feature narration is all and in this, without repeating identical narration again.
Wherein, between the superheater 103 of this heat absorption subsystem and the first valve 104, a heat exchange is also setDevice, the air inlet of this heat exchanger connects the gas outlet of superheater, and its gas outlet connects entering of the first valveGas port, smoke-exhausting pipe of engine 403 first accesses heat exchanger, then accesses successively superheater 103 and evaporimeter102。
In the time that the overheated organic working medium steam temperature generating in superheater 103 is too high, overheated organic working mediumSteam enter in heat exchanger with smoke-exhausting pipe of engine in flue gas carry out heat exchange, smoke absorption is overheated to be hadThe heat temperature of machine refrigerant vapor raises, and the flue gas after heat exchange enters superheater 103 and evaporimeter again102 carry out heat exchange with organic working medium.
The engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation of the second embodiment of the present invention reclaims generating systemSystem, can utilize the waste heat of the overheated organic working medium steam of excess Temperature, further strengthensThe cascade utilization efficiency of fume afterheat, reduced the irreversible loss of system.
The engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation of the third embodiment of the present invention reclaims generating systemSystem, in order to reach the object of brief description, any skill of making same application in above-mentioned arbitrary embodimentArt feature narration is all and in this, without repeating identical narration again.
Wherein, between the blender 301 of this recovery subsystem and condenser 303, a by-passing valve is also set305, the air inlet of this by-passing valve connects the gas outlet of blender, and its gas outlet connects entering of condenserMouthful. After by-passing valve 305 is opened, the overheated organic working medium steam after the acting of being flowed out by blender can be throughDirectly enter condenser 303 by by-passing valve 305, condenser heat can be given in the vehicle at engine placePortion's heat supply.
The engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation of the third embodiment of the present invention reclaims generating systemSystem, can be by controlling the aperture of by-passing valve, regulate the regenerator 302 and flow directly into condenser of flowing throughOverheated organic working medium vapor volume, Btu utilization method is versatile and flexible.
The engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation of the fourth embodiment of the present invention reclaims generating systemSystem, in order to reach the object of brief description, any skill of making same application in above-mentioned arbitrary embodimentArt feature narration is all and in this, without repeating identical narration again. Refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Fig. 2 isRespectively the rearview of the integrated turbine power generation unit of fourth embodiment of the invention, right view and onView, the A-A direction of the integrated turbine power generation unit that Fig. 3 is fourth embodiment of the inventionProfile.
The first expansion turbine 201, the second expansion turbine 202 and generator 203 become one, shapeThe integrated turbine power generation unit of integralization, the first expansion turbine 201 and the second expansion turbine 202 are mutualSymmetry, it comprises motion assembly and stationary components, stationary components comprise casing 501, magneto aroundGroup 504, the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing 502, the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing 503, first jiaoContact ball bearing 505, the second angular contact ball bearing 506, the first spiral case 507 and the second spiral case 508;Motion assembly comprises the first turbine 509, rotating shaft 510, permanent magnet machine rotor 511 and the second turbine 512.
Wherein, the first spiral case 507 and the second spiral case 508 are individually fixed in casing 501 arranged on left and right sidesPlate, rotating shaft 510 runs through casing 501 arranged on left and right sides plates and extends in the first spiral case 507 with secondIn spiral case 508, the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing 502 comprises the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing rotating ring515 and first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring 516, the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearings 503 compriseThe second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing rotating ring 517 and the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring 518, the firstRadial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring 516 and the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring 518 are individually fixed inThe two ends of casing 501 inner chambers, first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring 516 right sides of casing 501 inner chambersThe first angular contact ball bearing 505, the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring 518 left sides are fixed in sideThe second angular contact ball bearing 506 is fixed at position, and 505,506 pairs of first, second angular contact ball bearings turnAxle 510 carries out axially and radial support, the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing 502 and the second radial permanent magnetSuspension bearing 503 provides radially supplemental support, and the center position of rotating shaft is arranged permanent magnet machine rotor 511,Magneto winding 504 is embedded in the casing 501 inner chambers position corresponding with permanent magnet machine rotor, firstTurbine 509 and the second turbine 512 are identical two turbines, and it lays respectively at the first spiral case 507With the second spiral case 508, be symmetrically fixed on the two ends of rotating shaft, the first turbine 509, magneto turnSon 511 and the second turbine 512 are fixed in same rotating shaft 510.
Due to two expansion turbine symmetries of integrated turbine power generation unit, need to ensure to enterOverheated organic working medium vapor phase in two expansion turbines is same. When integrated turbine power generation unit workWhile work, overheated organic working medium steam is divided into two strands of identical air-flows by current divider 105: first burst of mistakeHot organic working medium steam and second strand overheated organic working medium steam, first strand overheated organic working medium steam byThe first volute air-inlet mouth 513 enters 507, the second strands overheated organic working medium steams of the first spiral case by secondVolute air-inlet mouth 519 enters the second spiral case 508, and overheated organic working medium steam is first by the convergent of spiral casePipe, gas velocity increases gradually, is then incorporated into the first turbine 509 and second by the guide ring of spiral caseTurbine 512, overheated organic working medium steam promotes the first turbine 509 and the second turbine 512 rotation actings,The first turbine 509 and the second turbine 512 rotarily drive coaxial permanent magnet machine rotor 511 and rotate, foreverThe magnetic field magnetic line of the permanent magnet machine rotor of magneto winding 504 cutting rotations, produces electric energy, promotesOverheated organic working medium steam after the first turbine 509 and the second turbine 512 rotation actings is by the first spiral caseExhaust outlet 514 and the second spiral case exhaust outlet 520 are discharged.
Integrated turbine power generation unit in the present embodiment, adopts two expansion turbine structures, generatingMachine 203 is arranged in integrated turbine power generation unit inside, and coaxially arranged, makes turbine generatorsThe more compact structure of group, volume is less, increases little in the situation that at volume, and power output can increaseAdd one times; Adopt angular contact ball bearing hybrid radial permanent-magnet suspension bearing to support, radial permanent magnet suspendsThe axially stable of bearing arrangement realized by the angular contact ball bearing of the left and right sides, radially by two pairs of one-tenthMagnetic repulsion between coupling magnet ring-rotating ring and the stationary ring of intermediate cross-section symmetry is realized stable. Radial permanent magnetSuspension bearing, as the supplemental support of angular contact ball bearing, can be rotating shaft suspending power is radially provided, willThe carrying of angular contact ball bearing unloads 60% left and right, greatly extends the service life of angular contact ball bearing.Rotating shaft working speed can reach 60000～80000 revs/min. Compared with the electromagnetic bearing of ACTIVE CONTROL, footpathDo not need complicated control system to permanent-magnet suspension bearing, simple in structure, reliability is high, cost is low,Be applicable to being applied to the microminiature power set of needs operation steady in a long-term. With conventional gas bearing supporting phaseRatio, without external feeder, has reduced the complexity of system, has increased the overall efficiency of system,It is convenient to start, and easily keeping is safeguarded, good reliability. Compared with conventional rolling bearing, union channel is to foreverMagnetic suspension bearing uses, and has reduced the radially carrying of rolling bearing, has reduced the merit that bearing friction bringsRate loss, does not lose process gas, can improve the efficiency of systemic circulation. Permanent magnet machine rotor is arranged inIn rotating shaft, share same rotating shaft with turbine rotor, deceleration and bindiny mechanism in the middle of having reduced, machineryEfficiency is higher, and structure is more compact.
It should be noted that, in accompanying drawing or description text, the implementation that does not illustrate or describe,Under being, form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art in technical field, is not elaborated. In addition,The above-mentioned definition to each element is not limited in various concrete structures, the shape in embodiment, mentioned, thisField those of ordinary skill can be changed simply or replace it, for example:
(1) can also adopt other types expansion turbine;
(2) can provide herein the demonstration of the parameter that comprises particular value, but these parameters are without definite etc.In corresponding value, but can in acceptable error margin or design constraint, be similar to analog value;
(3) the direction term of mentioning in embodiment, for example " on ", D score, 'fornt', 'back', " left side "," right side " etc., is only the direction with reference to accompanying drawing, is not used for limiting the scope of the invention;
(4) above-described embodiment can be based on design and the consideration of reliability, being mixed with each other collocation use orUse with other embodiment mix and match, the technical characterictic in different embodiment can independent assortment shapeBecome more embodiment.
In sum, a kind of engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation provided by the invention reclaims and sends outElectric system, can carry out gradient utilization, capacity usage ratio to cylinder sleeve of engine water waste heat and fume afterheatHeight, recovering effect is good; Can utilize the waste heat of the overheated organic working medium steam of excess Temperature,Further strengthen the cascade utilization efficiency of fume afterheat, reduced the irreversible loss of system; Can lead toCross the aperture of controlling by-passing valve, regulate and flow through regenerator 302 and flow directly into the overheated organic of condenserRefrigerant vapor amount, Btu utilization method is versatile and flexible; Adopt two expansion turbine structures, generator arrangementsIn integrated turbine power generation unit inside, and coaxially arranged, make the structure of turbine power generation unit moreCompactness, volume is less, increases little in the situation that at volume, and power output can increase into one times,Bearings does not need complicated control system, simple in structure, reliability is high, cost is low; Without outsideConnect feeder, reduced the complexity of system, increased the overall efficiency of system, it is convenient to start,Easily keeping is safeguarded, good reliability; Reduce the radially carrying of rolling bearing, reduced bearing frictionThe power loss of bringing, does not lose process gas, can improve the efficiency of systemic circulation; Magneto turnsSon is arranged in rotating shaft, shares same rotating shaft with turbine rotor, deceleration and junctor in the middle of having reducedStructure, mechanical efficiency is higher, and structure is more compact.
Above-described specific embodiment, carries out object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effectFurther description, institute it should be understood that the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention and, be not limited to the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any repairing of doingProtection scope of the present invention changes, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should be included in.
Claims (10)
1. the engine exhaust heat based on organic Rankine circulation reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that bagDraw together: heat absorption subsystem, turbine power generation subsystem and recovery subsystem; Wherein,
Described heat absorption subsystem, carries out heat with cylinder sleeve of engine water and flue gas successively by liquid organic working mediumExchange, absorb the waste heat of described cylinder sleeve of engine water and flue gas, generate overheated organic working medium steam;
Described turbine power generation subsystem, its air inlet connects the gas outlet of described heat absorption subsystem, described inTurbine power generation subsystem receives the described overheated organic working medium steam that described heat absorption subsystem generates, and utilizesDescribed overheated organic working medium steam acting generating;
Described recovery subsystem, its air inlet connects the gas outlet of described turbine power generation subsystem, receivesOrganic working medium steam after acting, is cooled to liquid organic work by the organic working medium steam after described actingMatter, and described liquid organic working medium is offered to described heat absorption subsystem.
2. engine exhaust heat as claimed in claim 1 reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that instituteStating turbine power generation subsystem comprises the first expansion turbine (201), the second expansion turbine (202) and sends outMotor (203), described the first expansion turbine (201), the second expansion turbine (202) and generator(203) become one, form integrated turbine power generation unit, described first, second is swollenSwollen turbine (201), (202) are symmetrically;
Described integrated turbine power generation unit comprises: casing (501), the first radial permanent magnet suspendBearing (502), the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing (503), magneto winding (504), firstAngular contact ball bearing (505), the second angular contact ball bearing (506), the first spiral case (507), secondSpiral case (508), the first turbine (509), rotating shaft (510), permanent magnet machine rotor (511) andTwo turbines (512).
3. engine exhaust heat as claimed in claim 2 reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that instituteState first, second spiral case (507), (508) are individually fixed in described casing arranged on left and right sides plate, instituteStating rotating shaft (510) runs through described casing arranged on left and right sides plate and extends to described first, second spiral caseIn, described the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing (502) comprises the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing rotating ring(515) and the first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring (516), described the second radial permanent magnet levitation axisHold (503) and comprise the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing rotating ring (517) and the second radial permanent magnet levitation axisHold stationary ring (518), described first, second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring (516), (518) pointBe not fixed on the two ends of chassis cavity, the described first radial permanent magnet suspension bearing stationary ring right side of chassis cavityDescribed the first angular contact ball bearing (505) is fixed in side, and described the second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing is quietFixing described the second angular contact ball bearing (506) of ring left-hand portion, described first, second angular contact ballBearing (505), (506) carry out axially and radial support described rotating shaft (510), described first,The second radial permanent magnet suspension bearing (502), (503) provide radially supplemental support, and described rotating shaft justPermanent magnet machine rotor described in middle location arrangements (511), described magneto winding (504) is embedded inThe position that chassis cavity is corresponding with permanent magnet machine rotor, described first, second turbine (509), (512)For identical two turbines, it lays respectively in described first, second spiral case, and symmetrical fixingIn the two ends of described rotating shaft.
4. engine exhaust heat as claimed in claim 3 reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that instituteState heat absorption subsystem overheated organic working medium steam is divided into two strands of identical air-flows: first strand overheated hasMachine refrigerant vapor and second strand overheated organic working medium steam, described first strand overheated organic working medium steam byThe first volute air-inlet mouth (513) enters described the first spiral case (507), described second strand overheated organicRefrigerant vapor enters described the second spiral case (508) by the second volute air-inlet mouth (519), and pushes away respectivelyMoving described first, second turbine (509), (512) rotation acting, described first, second turbine (509),(512) rotarily drive the rotation of coaxial described permanent magnet machine rotor (511), described magneto aroundThe magnetic field magnetic line of the permanent magnet machine rotor of group (504) cutting rotation, produces electric energy, described in promotionOverheated organic working medium steam after first, second turbine (509), (512) rotation acting is by the first snailShell exhaust outlet (514) and the second spiral case exhaust outlet (520) are discharged.
5. engine exhaust heat as claimed in claim 1 reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that instituteStating heat absorption subsystem comprises: preheater (101), evaporimeter (102), superheater (103), firstValve (104) and current divider (105);
The first entrance of described preheater connects described recovery subsystem, described in its first outlet connectsThe entrance of evaporimeter, the jacket water valve export of its second entrance connecting engine, its second outlet connectsThe jacket water entrance of sending and receiving motivation;
The gas outlet of described evaporimeter connects the air inlet of described superheater, the gas outlet of described superheaterConnect the air inlet of described the first valve, smoke-exhausting pipe of engine (403) accesses described superheater successivelyAnd evaporimeter (102) (103);
The gas outlet of described the first valve connects the air inlet of described current divider, first of described current dividerGas outlet is connected described turbine power generation subsystem with the second gas outlet, overheated organic working medium steam is divided equallyBe two strands of identical air-flows, and be delivered to described turbine power generation subsystem.
6. engine exhaust heat as claimed in claim 5 reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that instituteState liquid organic working medium and enter described preheater (101) by preheater the first entrance, itself and engine cylinderCover water carries out heat exchange and temperature rising in described preheater (101);
Liquid organic working medium after heat exchange enters described evaporimeter (102) by described preheater (101),Flue gas in itself and smoke-exhausting pipe of engine carries out heat exchange in described evaporimeter (102), absorbs and sends outThe waste heat of motivation flue gas also generates saturated organic working medium steam;
Described saturated organic working medium steam enters described superheater (103) by described evaporimeter (102),Its in described superheater (103) further with smoke-exhausting pipe of engine in flue gas carry out heat exchange,The waste heat that further absorbs engine flue gas, saturated organic working medium steam becomes overheated organic working medium steam;
Described overheated organic working medium steam enters described current divider (105) by described superheater (103),Be divided into two strands of air-flows through described current divider (105), first strand overheated organic working medium steam is by describedCurrent divider first discharge of working off one's feeling vent one's spleen, second strand overheated organic working medium steam given vent to anger by described current divider secondMouth is discharged.
7. engine exhaust heat as claimed in claim 6 reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that instituteState between superheater (103) and the first valve (104) heat exchanger is also set;
The air inlet of described heat exchanger connects the gas outlet of described superheater, and its gas outlet connects describedThe air inlet of one valve, smoke-exhausting pipe of engine (403) first accesses described heat exchanger, then access successivelyDescribed superheater (103) and evaporimeter (102);
The overheated organic working medium steam of excess Temperature enter in described heat exchanger with smoke-exhausting pipe of engine inFlue gas carry out heat exchange, the heat temperature liter of the overheated organic working medium steam of smoke absorption excess TemperatureHeight, the flue gas after heat exchange enters described superheater (103) and evaporimeter (102) and organic working medium againCarry out heat exchange.
8. engine exhaust heat as claimed in claim 1 reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that instituteStating recovery subsystem comprises: blender (301), regenerator (302), condenser (303) and workMatter pump (304);
Described blender (301) receives the organic working medium steam after acting, described in its air inlet connectsThe gas outlet of turbine power generation subsystem, its gas outlet connects the air inlet of described regenerator, described backheatThe gas outlet of device connects the entrance of described condenser, and described condensator outlet connects entering of described working medium pumpMouthful, described working medium delivery side of pump connects the entrance of described regenerator, and the outlet of described regenerator connects instituteState the entrance of heat absorption subsystem.
9. engine exhaust heat as claimed in claim 8 reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that instituteThe organic working medium steam of stating after acting is discharged by the gas outlet of described turbine power generation subsystem, via describedBlender (301) enters described regenerator (302), then described in being entered by described regenerator (302)Condenser (303), it cools and becomes liquid organic working medium in described condenser (303),Described working medium pump (304) pressurizes to described liquid organic working medium, and by described liquid organic working medium pumpTo described regenerator (302), described liquid organic working medium in described regenerator (302) with flow throughOrganic working medium steam after the described acting of described regenerator carries out heat exchange, by described regenerator (302)After outflow, enter described heat absorption subsystem.
10. engine exhaust heat as claimed in claim 9 reclaims electricity generation system, it is characterized in that instituteState to reclaim between the blender (301) of subsystem and condenser (303) by-passing valve (305) is also set;
The air inlet of described by-passing valve connects the gas outlet of described blender, and its gas outlet connects described coldThe entrance of condenser, the organic working medium steam after the described acting of being flowed out by described blender can be via describedBy-passing valve (305) directly enters described condenser (303), and condenser heat is to the car at engine placeInner heat supply.
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| CN115234401A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-10-25 | 苏州亚太精睿传动科技股份有限公司 | Novel hybrid power system driven by waste heat in auxiliary mode and method thereof |
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