CN101863695A

CN101863695A - Microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101863695A
Application number: CN201010203877A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈平梅
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-06-18
Filing date: 2010-06-18
Publication date: 2010-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-18
Also published as: CN101863695B

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to a microbial organic fertilizer prepared from plants, manure and rice husk ash and a preparation method thereof. The microbial organic fertilizer is prepared from 25 to 50 percent of residue after plant extraction, 20 to 40 percent of stalk, 10 to 40 percent of manure, 0.5 to 8 percent of organic materials starter and 10 to 40 percent of rice husk ash. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing the residue after the plant extraction, crushed stalk and the manure, and adding the organic material starter, uniformly mixing, putting the mixture into a fermenting tank for high-temperature aerobic fermentation, uniformly mixing the fermented material and the rice husk ash, crushing and drying. The microbial organic fertilizer has the advantages of complete nutrient elements, lasting fertilizer efficiency, high fertilizer utilization rate, improvement of soil structure, small environmental pollution, and improvement of crop quality, and is suitable for all grain crops, vegetables, melons and fruits, flowers and grass, fruit trees, forest, tobacco, greenhouses, plastic tents and the like.

Description

A kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the agricultural fertilizer field, relate in particular to biological organic fertilizer of a kind of plant and fowl and animal excrement, rice husk ash and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Fertilizer is the grain of farm crop, and rationally applying fertilizer is one of important factor of guaranteeing higher yield of crops, stable yields and promotion China agricultural tremendous development.Fertilizer mainly is divided into mineral manure and organic fertilizer, and wherein mineral manure is called chemical fertilizer again, as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer etc.In modern agriculture, use chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals in a large number owing to pursue agricultural year, these chemical are manured into soil, make the hardening of hardening of the physical chemistry and the biochemical property rapid deterioration of soil, soil property, microorganism is eliminated, organic loss is serious, soil fertility descends and makes the fertilization effect variation, farm crop pathology pilosity, and originally soil has lost balance of nature.And organic fertilizer can improve soil nutrient effectively, increases the soil organism and fertility, reduces the applications of pesticide, makes agricultural-food avoid polluting, and optimizes ecological environment of soil, improves agricultural-food taste back to nature.But the fertilizer of China's use at present mainly is a farm manure, i.e. the people, animal poultry manure of peasant household and mound fermentation is made, and quantity is few, and organic matter and nutrient content are not high in the fertilizer, and beneficial microorganism quantity is few.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is at top described defective, provide that a kind of nutritive element is complete, fertilizer efficiency is lasting, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, the structure of improving the soil, reduce environmental pollution, improve the biological organic fertilizer of crop quality.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved by following technique means:

A kind of biological organic fertilizer, form by residue, stalk, fowl and animal excrement, organic materials starter and rice husk ash after the plant extract, wherein, the weight ratio of described component is: residue 25-50%, stalk 20-40%, fowl and animal excrement 10-40%, organic materials starter 0.5-8%, rice husk ash 10-40% after the plant extract.

Residue is the thick remainder of pouncing on after leaf, rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae, Herba Pileae Scriptae, peppermint, purple perilla and other spice berry are extracted volatile oil of recessed leaf after the described plant extract.

Effective active bacterium number 〉=0.60 hundred million/g in the described organic materials starter.

Described organic materials starter is for including yeast, genus bacillus, filamentous fungus, actinomycetic pulvis.

Described genus bacillus is gemma phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (Bacillusmelgaterium), the gemma potassium solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus mucilaginosns) with phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing effect.

A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that, with residue after the plant extract, mix with fowl and animal excrement after the crushed stalk, add the organic materials starter then, mix and put into fermenting tank for fermentation, fermentation time 30-60 days, regulate fermentation materials pH value and humidity, carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation, inflate 1-3 time by the material of aeration tube in fermentation vat of fermentation unit every day, each 0.5-1.5 hour, the stirring system that starts fermentation unit simultaneously stirs material, makes the abundant aeration of material, after the material that ferments and rice husk ash are mixed in proportion, pulverize oven dry, both got biological organic fertilizer.

Plant extract residue, crushed stalk reach particle diameter 3-15 millimeter, and leavening temperature 55-80 ℃, pH value 7-8, humidity is 45-70%, will ferment material and rice husk ash mixture and be crushed to 10-100 order and oven dry.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, nutritive element is complete, and fertilizer efficiency is lasting, can reach the purpose of increasing both production and income.

The present invention is a full nutritive element fertilizer, not only contain a large amount of organic matters and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three big key elements, and contain plant-growth necessary multiple in the amount, the trace element and multiple organic compound, contain a large amount of beneficial microorganisms simultaneously, both had immediate effect, have long-actingly again, can satisfy the nutritional need of farm crop comprehensively, have water conservation again concurrently, protect fertilizer, slowly-releasing, improve the soil, effects such as bioactivation and biological control.

2, improve crop quality, reduce nitrate and heavy metal content.

The present invention is applied to the farmland of using chemical fertilizer all the year round, and to eliminating soil compaction, recovery soil fertility etc. has better effect.Prove through field fertilizer efficiency simultaneous test for many years, and compare amount of increase in production 10%-15% such as Cereals crop, fruit tree, average out to 12% with the matrix chemical fertilizer; Vegetables amount of increase in production 15%-26%, average out to 20%.Use the present invention, can obviously improve quality of agricultural product, various fruit can improve sugar degree 2-5 degree, improve the fruit color index, and pericarp is thin, mouthfeel is good, to the quality of vegetable effect that also improves significantly, and obviously reduce nitrate and heavy metal content.Romaine lettuce experiment nitrate content, that the present invention handles is 342.6mg/kg, reduces 80mg/kg than chemical fertilizer.Use biological organic fertilizer and also can improve Vc, reducing sugar content in the vegetables body, reduce the content of heavy metal.

3, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce environmental pollution.

Use the present invention not only to reduce the amount of application of chemical fertilizer, and a small amount of chemical fertilizer that enters soil is in steady state under action of microorganisms, help absorbing of crop, improved fertilizer utilization ratio, suppress chemical fertilizer and enter underground water or flow into rivers and lakes, reduce environmental pollution with the rainwater leaching.

4, the structure of improving the soil helps upgrading low-and medium-yield farmland.

The organic matter that is rich among the present invention can improve soil physical property, increases soil aggregate, thereby makes loosing soil, reduces soil compaction, helps water conservation, protects fertilizer, ventilates and promote root system development, for farm crop provide comfortable growing environment.

5, drought-resistant water-preserving.

Organic matter and soil ulmin are rich in the present invention, can regulate the openness of crop pore, and these materials and beneficial microorganism meta-bolites (enzyme) synergy can improve the comprehensive resist ability of crop, thereby improve the drought-resistant ability of crop.The enhancing of soil aggregate impels permeability capillaceous, has guaranteed the running of soil moisture, has improved the utilization ratio of soil moisture.

6, this product is applicable to all food crop, vegetables, melon and fruit, flowers and plants, fruit tree, forest, tobacco, greenhouse, booth etc.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.These embodiment only are used to the present invention is described and are not used in and limit the scope of the invention.

Embodiment 1:

Take by weighing: residue, 260kg stalk, 200kg fowl and animal excrement, 40kg organic materials starter, 200kg rice husk ash after the 300kg plant extract are prepared by following production method then:

Earlier residue after the plant extract and stalk are mixed the particle that is crushed into 5 millimeters, with fowl and animal excrement, the organic materials starter mixes, to mix material and put into fermentation vat, regulate pH value 7.6, humidity is 60%, carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation, 65 ℃ of temperature, fermentation time 45 days, inflate 1 time by the material of aeration tube in fermentation vat of fermentation unit preceding 10 day every day in the fermenting process, each 0.75 hour, the stirring system that starts fermentation unit simultaneously stirred material, makes the abundant aeration of material, inflate 2 time by the material of aeration tube in fermentation vat of fermentation unit every day after the 10th day, each 1 hour, the stirring system that starts fermentation unit simultaneously stirred material, makes the abundant aeration of material, the material and the rice husk ash that will become thoroughly decomposed mix, be crushed to 40 orders and oven dry, obtain biological organic fertilizer, divide 25kg/ bag packing.

Embodiment 2:

Take by weighing: residue, 300kg stalk, 100kg fowl and animal excrement, 80kg organic materials starter, 170kg rice husk ash after the 350kg plant extract are prepared by following production method then:

Earlier residue after the plant extract and stalk are mixed the particle that is crushed into 15 millimeters, with fowl and animal excrement, the organic materials starter mixes, to mix material and put into fermentation vat, regulate pH value 8, humidity is 50%, carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation, about 75 ℃ of temperature, fermentation time 30 days, inflate 2 time by the material of aeration tube in fermentation vat of fermentation unit every day in the fermenting process, each 1 hour, the stirring system that starts fermentation unit simultaneously stirred material, makes the abundant aeration of material, the material and the rice husk ash that will become thoroughly decomposed mix, be crushed to 80 orders and oven dry, obtain biological organic fertilizer, divide 25kg/ bag packing.

Embodiment 3:

Take by weighing: residue, 250kg stalk, 250kg fowl and animal excrement, 30kg organic materials starter, 220kg rice husk ash after the 250kg plant extract are prepared by following production method then:

Earlier residue after the plant extract and stalk are mixed the particle that is crushed into 3 millimeters, with fowl and animal excrement, the organic materials starter mixes, to mix material and put into fermentation vat, regulate pH value 7, humidity is 45%, carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation, about 55 ℃ of temperature, fermentation time 55 days, inflate 3 time by the material of aeration tube in fermentation vat of fermentation unit every day in the fermenting process, each 0.5 hour, the stirring system that starts fermentation unit simultaneously stirred material, makes the abundant aeration of material, the material and the rice husk ash that will become thoroughly decomposed mix, be crushed to 30 orders and oven dry, obtain biological organic fertilizer, divide 25kg/ bag packing.

Claims

1. biological organic fertilizer, be made up of residue, stalk, fowl and animal excrement, organic materials starter and rice husk ash after the plant extract, it is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described component is: residue 25-50%, stalk 20-40%, fowl and animal excrement 10-40%, organic materials starter 0.5-8%, rice husk ash 10-40% after the plant extract.

2. a kind of biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: residue is the thick remainder of pouncing on after leaf, rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae, Herba Pileae Scriptae, peppermint, purple perilla and other spice berry are extracted volatile oil of recessed leaf after the described plant extract.

3. a kind of living fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the effective active bacterium number 〉=0.60 hundred million/g in the described organic materials starter.

4. a kind of living fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described organic materials starter is for including yeast, genus bacillus, filamentous fungus, actinomycetic pulvis.

5. a kind of living fertilizer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described genus bacillus is gemma phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, gemma potassium solubilizing bacteria.

6. the described a kind of preparation method who gives birth to fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: with residue after the plant extract, mix with fowl and animal excrement after the crushed stalk, add the organic materials starter then, mix and put into fermenting tank for fermentation, fermentation time 30-60 days, regulate fermentation materials pH value and humidity, carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation, inflate 1-3 time by the material of aeration tube in fermentation vat of fermentation unit every day, and each 0.5-1.5 hour, the stirring system that starts fermentation unit simultaneously stirred material, make the abundant aeration of material, after the material that ferments and rice husk ash mixed in proportion, pulverize oven dry, both biological organic fertilizer.

7. a kind of preparation method who gives birth to fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: plant extract residue, crushed stalk reach particle diameter 3-15 millimeter, leavening temperature 55-80 ℃, pH value 7-8, humidity is 45-70%, will ferment material and rice husk ash mixture and be crushed to 10-100 order and oven dry.