CN101816256A - Method for cultivating microbial strain of phellinus linteus and planting phellinus linteus - Google Patents
Method for cultivating microbial strain of phellinus linteus and planting phellinus linteus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating microbial strains of phellinus linteus, which is characterized in that the culture media of microbial strains comprises the following components by weight percent: 75-85% of sawdust of poplar or willow or mulberry, 10-15% of bran, 5-8% of rice bran, 1-2% of plaster, 0.2-0.5% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.1-0.3% of magnesium sulfate, wherein, the sum of the weight percentage of the components is 100%. The microbial strains of phellinus linteus prepared in the invention has rapid growing of microbial strains of phellinus linteus, not easy ageing and yellow water occurred on surface hypha; and the strains can expand completely after 30-35 day cultivation. By adopting the method for cultivating a phellinus linteus forest land, forestry land resources can be fully utilized to plant phellinus linteus products; the method is simple and practicable; and the produced phellinus linteus with large volume can be artificially cultivated in great amounts, thus fully meeting the market demand.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the technical field of Phellinus bacterial classification, specifically a kind of spawn culture of Phellinus and utilize the method for forest land environmental cultivation Phellinus.
Background technology:
Phellinus, formal name used at school: Bao Shi shelf fungus, Latin formal name used at school: Phellinus Baummii; Classification position: Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, Aphyllophorales, Polyporaceae, Phellinus class fungi.The traditional Chinese medical science thinks that Phellinus is sweet, flat, bitter, flavor suffering, among the people it as a kind of medicine for the treatment of hepatopathy, cancer, and have antibiotic, anti-fibrosis, effect such as anti-oxidant.Also there is its medicinal record in China's " Chinese medicine voluminous dictionary ".In recent years, Japan, Korea S develop it in succession, and it is the extraordinary medicinal fungi of drug effect in the present internationally recognized biological anticancer field, and anticancer effect is better than glossy ganoderma, has become a focus of medicinal fungi research field.
Phellinus is mainly wild, distributed more widely at present.Domestic concentrate is distributed between the Wusuli River, east, Heilongjiang Province and Xinkaihu Lake, " Characteristics in Ziwuling " nature reserve of Shaanxi, the Northwest and boundary, Gansu, and the master mountain range between the Forest in Changbai Mountain Forest Region in northeast, Harbin and the Jilin, the Zhang Guangcai mountain range is rare produces.In addition, each provinces and regions, southwest also produce a small amount of Phellinus.Because the comparatively special physioclimate environment of growth needs of Phellinus, thereby natural Phellinus quantity is very rare.
Because the Phellinus market demand constantly increases, the exploitation artificial cultivation technique becomes scientific and technical personnel's problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of spawn culture method of Phellinus and the cultivation method of Phellinus, it can overcome the some shortcomings that the spawn culture difficulty is big in the prior art, the cultivation fruiting is comparatively difficult, can't meet the need of market.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of spawn culture method of Phellinus is characterized in that: described process for preparing strain thereof comprises the steps; The weight percentages of a, bacterium culture medium is: willow or willow or mulberry tree wood chip 75~85%, wheat bran 10~15%, rice bran 5~8%, gypsum 1~2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2~0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1~0.3%, and the percentage by weight sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; B, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that above-mentioned mixing is stirred are packed into and are formed the bacterium bag in the edible mushroom special plastic bag, every sacked material 1 ± 0.1Kg, and superficial compaction is middlely beaten circular hole, puts plastics neck ring and sponge cover; C, bacterium bag is carried out sterilization treatment; D, sterilization back bacterium bag are forced or are naturally cooled to 18 ℃~25 ℃, insert the Phellinus bacterial classification in desinfection chamber or inoculating hood, and every bag of inoculum concentration is 15~20 grams; E, inoculation back bacterium bag are put into 20 ℃~28 ℃ culturing room, keep dark state between culture period, cultivate to make whole of mycelia full after 30~35 days.
A kind of cultivation method of Phellinus is characterized in that: the cultivation method of Phellinus comprises the steps: that (1), cultivation forest land select to should be the forest spacing more than 2m, and tree crown is denseer, and physical features is lower, near the water source is arranged; (2), between liftoff 1.8~2.0m forest, impale, the ring canopy is built in inside with shade net, the ditch that begins to rehearse, the both sides of ring canopy, and Phellinus bacterium bag is placed in the ring canopy; (3), send out the Phellinus bacterium full and unwrapped rectangle hole, be placed in the sylvan life ring canopy bacterium inter-packet gap 15~20cm; (4), the ring temperature of shed remains on 20~30 ℃, often pours water in the ditch, keeps ground moistening, relative moisture 90~95% in the canopy is ventilated 1~2 every day, CO in the canopy
2Concentration should be lower than 2000ppm, the Phellinus fruit body of can gathering after 25 days.
During use, the used Phellinus bacterial classification (Phellinus baummii Pilat) of the present invention is numbered: Phellinusbaumii Pilat3249 from edible mushroom branch center, Shanghai, Chinese microorganism strain preservation center.It is fast that the prepared Phellinus bacterial classification of the present invention is sent out bacterium, and surperficial mycelia is difficult for the yellow water that wears out out, cultivates can all send out in 30~35 days and expire.Phellinus of the present invention forest land cultivation method can make full use of forest land resource cultivation Phellinus product, and simple, the Phellinus of output is individual big, and artificial cultivation fully satisfies the demand in market in a large number.
Embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
The spawn culture method of a kind of Phellinus of the present invention, its difference with the prior art is: described process for preparing strain thereof comprises the steps; The weight percentages of a, bacterium culture medium is: willow or willow or mulberry tree wood chip 75~85%, wheat bran 10~15%, rice bran 5~8%, gypsum 1~2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2~0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1~0.3%, and the percentage by weight sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; B, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that above-mentioned mixing is stirred are packed into and are formed the bacterium bag in the edible mushroom special plastic bag, every sacked material 1 ± 0.1Kg, and superficial compaction is middlely beaten circular hole, puts plastics neck ring and sponge cover; C, bacterium bag is carried out sterilization treatment; D, sterilization back bacterium bag are forced or are naturally cooled to 18 ℃~25 ℃, insert the Phellinus bacterial classification in desinfection chamber or inoculating hood, and every bag of inoculum concentration is 15~20 grams; E, inoculation back bacterium bag are put into 20 ℃~28 ℃ culturing room, keep dark state between culture period, cultivate to make whole of mycelia full after 30~35 days.
In a step, the granularity of willow or willow or mulberry tree wood chip adds water in advance and prewets between 2~4mm a whole night, admix wheat bran, rice bran and land plaster during use, after potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate are dissolved in water, add together, regulate about water content to 62~65%.In the b step, edible mushroom special plastic bag adopts 17 * 33cm specification, the middle circular hole of beating diameter 2cm.In the c step, sterilization can be divided into normal-pressure sterilization and autoclaving, and autoclaving kept 2~2.5 hours for 121 ℃; Normal-pressure sterilization keeps for 100 ℃ thoroughly killing bag interior all microorganisms more than 10 hours; In the d step, culturing room's humidity is controlled between 65~75%.The used Phellinus bacterial classification (Phellinus baummii Pilat) of the present invention is numbered: Phellinus baumii Pilat3249 from edible mushroom branch center, Shanghai, Chinese microorganism strain preservation center.
The cultivation method of Phellinus comprises the steps: that (1), cultivation forest land select to should be the forest spacing more than 2m, and tree crown is denseer, and physical features is lower, near the water source is arranged; (2), between liftoff 1.8~2.0m forest, impale, the ring canopy is built in inside with shade net, the ditch that begins to rehearse, the both sides of ring canopy, and Phellinus bacterium bag is placed in the ring canopy; (3), send out the Phellinus bacterium full and unwrapped rectangle hole, be placed in the sylvan life ring canopy bacterium inter-packet gap 15~20cm; (4), the ring temperature of shed remains on 20~30 ℃, often pours water in the ditch, keeps ground moistening, relative moisture 90~95% in the canopy is ventilated 1~2 every day, CO in the canopy
2Concentration is lower than 2000ppm, the Phellinus fruit body of can gathering after 25 days.(2) in the step, ring the wide of canopy is 1.2~1.5m; (3) in the step, the Phellinus bacterium wraps in the rectangle hole of opening a 4cm * 1cm from sack 3~5cm place with pocket knife.
Embodiment 1
One, Phellinus strain preparation
1. raw material mixes
Adopt prescription: willow wood chip 80%, wheat bran 10%, rice bran 8%, gypsum 2%, micro constitutent potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, water content is controlled at 62~65%.
Poplar-branch is ground into the graininess of 2~4mm, adds water a whole night in advance and prewets, and admixes wheat bran, rice bran and land plaster during use, after potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate are dissolved in water, adds together, regulates about water content to 62~65%.
2. pack
The composts or fertilisers of cultivating that mix to stir is packed in the edible mushroom special plastic bag of 17 * 33cm, every sacked material 1 ± 0.1Kg, and superficial compaction, the middle circular hole of beating diameter 2cm puts plastics neck ring and sponge cover.
3. sterilization
Autoclaving kept 2~2.5 hours for 121 ℃, thoroughly killed bag interior all microorganisms.
4. cooling, inoculation
Sterilization back bacterium bag is forced or is naturally cooled to 20 ℃, inserts the Phellinus bacterial classification in desinfection chamber or inoculating hood, and every bag of inoculum concentration is at 15~20 grams.
5. cultivate
Inoculation back bacterium bag is put into 25 ℃ culturing room, and culturing room's humidity is controlled between 65~75%, keeps dark state between culture period, avoids the sack surface to form aerial hyphae too early, the yellow water phenomenon occurs, reduces and opens a bag back microbial contamination.Cultivating 30~35 days mycelia all sends out full.
Two, Phellinus forest land cultivation
1. prepare in the cultivation place
The cultivation forest land is selected to should be the forest spacing more than 2m, and tree crown is denseer, and physical features is lower, near the water source is arranged, between liftoff 1.8~2.0m forest, impale with shade net, add a cover straw or branch above, increase moistening effect.The wide ring canopy of 1.5m is built in inside, and draining trench is opened on the both sides of canopy, is used to pour water and draining, and Phellinus bacterium bag is placed in the ring canopy.
2. open bag
Opening bag time is selected in outdoor minimum temperature more than 15 ℃.
The Phellinus bacterium that sends out full wraps in the rectangle hole of opening a 4cm * 1cm from sack 3~4cm place with pocket knife, is placed in the sylvan life ring canopy, and bacterium inter-packet gap 15~20cm, soil is imbedded down about 2cm in bacterium bag bottom.
3. cultivation management
The ring temperature of shed remains on 25~28 ℃, and maximum temperature is no more than 30 ℃, often pours water in the ditch, keeps ground moistening, and relative moisture requires more than 90% in the canopy, keeps ventilating in the canopy CO in the canopy
2Concentration is lower than 2000ppm, the Phellinus fruit body of can gathering after 25 days, and each bacterium Phellinus fruit body of contracting for fixed output quotas, individuality is bigger.
Embodiment 2
One, Phellinus strain preparation
1. raw material mixes
Adopt prescription: mulberry tree wood chip 75%, wheat bran 13%, rice bran 10%, gypsum 2%, micro constitutent potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, water content is controlled at 62~65%.
Mulberry branch is ground into the graininess of 0.2~0.4mm, adds water a whole night in advance and prewets, and admixes wheat bran, rice bran and land plaster during use, after potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate are dissolved in water, adds together, regulates about water content to 62~65%.
2. pack
The composts or fertilisers of cultivating that mix to stir is packed in the edible mushroom special plastic bag of 17 * 33cm, every sacked material 1 ± 0.1Kg, and superficial compaction, the middle circular hole of beating diameter 2cm puts plastics neck ring and sponge cover.
3. sterilization
Normal-pressure sterilization keeps for 100 ℃ thoroughly killing bag interior all microorganisms more than 10 hours.
4. cooling, inoculation
Sterilization back bacterium bag is forced or is naturally cooled to 25 ℃, inserts the Phellinus bacterial classification in desinfection chamber or inoculating hood, and every bag of inoculum concentration is at 15~20 grams.
5. cultivate
Inoculation back bacterium bag is put into 25 ℃ culturing room, and culturing room's humidity is controlled between 65~75%, keeps dark state between culture period, avoids the sack surface to form aerial hyphae too early, the yellow water phenomenon occurs, reduces and opens a bag back microbial contamination.Cultivating 30~35 days mycelia all sends out full.
Two, Phellinus forest land cultivation
1. prepare in the cultivation place
The cultivation forest land is selected to should be the forest spacing more than 2m, and tree crown is denseer, and physical features is lower, near the water source is arranged, between liftoff 1.8~2.0m forest, impale with shade net, add a cover straw or branch above, increase moistening effect.The wide ring canopy of 1.5m is built in inside, and draining trench is opened on the both sides of canopy, is used to pour water and draining, and Phellinus bacterium bag is placed in the ring canopy.
2. open bag
Opening bag time is selected in outdoor minimum temperature more than 15 ℃.
The Phellinus bacterium that sends out full wraps in the rectangle hole of opening a 4cm * 1cm from sack 3~4cm place with pocket knife, is placed in the sylvan life ring canopy, and bacterium inter-packet gap 15~20cm, soil is imbedded down about 2cm in bacterium bag bottom.
3. cultivation management
The ring temperature of shed remains on 25~28 ℃, and maximum temperature is no more than 30 ℃, often pours water in the ditch, keeps ground moistening, and relative moisture requires more than 90% in the canopy, keeps ventilating in the canopy CO in the canopy
2Concentration is lower than 2000ppm, the Phellinus fruit body of can gathering after 25 days, and each bacterium Phellinus fruit body of contracting for fixed output quotas, individuality is bigger.
Claims (6)
1. the spawn culture method of a Phellinus, it is characterized in that: described process for preparing strain thereof comprises the steps; The weight percentages of a, bacterium culture medium is: willow or willow or mulberry tree wood chip 75~85%, wheat bran 10~15%, rice bran 5~8%, gypsum 1~2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2~0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1~0.3%, and the percentage by weight sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; B, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that above-mentioned mixing is stirred are packed into and are formed the bacterium bag in the edible mushroom special plastic bag, every sacked material 1 ± 0.1Kg, and superficial compaction is middlely beaten circular hole, puts plastics neck ring and sponge cover; C, bacterium bag is carried out sterilization treatment; D, sterilization back bacterium bag are forced or are naturally cooled to 18 ℃~25 ℃, insert the Phellinus bacterial classification in desinfection chamber or inoculating hood, and every bag of inoculum concentration is 15~20 grams; E, inoculation back bacterium bag are put into 20 ℃~28 ℃ culturing room, keep dark state between culture period, cultivate to make whole of mycelia full after 30~35 days.
2. the spawn culture method of a kind of Phellinus according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: in a step; the granularity of willow or willow or mulberry tree wood chip is between 2~4mm; adding water a whole night in advance prewets; admix wheat bran, rice bran and land plaster during use; after potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate are dissolved in water, add together, regulate about water content to 62~65%.
3. the spawn culture method of a kind of Phellinus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the b step, edible mushroom special plastic bag adopts 17 * 33cm specification, the middle circular hole of beating diameter 2cm.
4. the spawn culture method of a kind of Phellinus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the c step, sterilization can be divided into normal-pressure sterilization and autoclaving, and autoclaving kept 2~2.5 hours for 121 ℃; Normal-pressure sterilization keeps for 100 ℃ thoroughly killing bag interior all microorganisms more than 10 hours; In the d step, culturing room's humidity is controlled between 65~75%.
5. the cultivation method of a kind of Phellinus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cultivation method of Phellinus comprises the steps: that (1), cultivation forest land select to should be the forest spacing more than 2m, and tree crown is denseer, and physical features is lower, near the water source is arranged; (2), between liftoff 1.8~2.0m forest, impale, the ring canopy is built in inside with shade net, the ditch that begins to rehearse, the both sides of ring canopy, and Phellinus bacterium bag is placed in the ring canopy; (3), send out the Phellinus bacterium full and unwrapped rectangle hole, be placed in the sylvan life ring canopy bacterium inter-packet gap 15~20cm; (4), the ring temperature of shed remains on 20~30 ℃, often pours water in the ditch, keeps ground moistening, relative moisture 90~95% in the canopy is ventilated 1~2 every day, CO in the canopy
2Concentration is lower than 2000ppm, the Phellinus fruit body of can gathering after 25 days.
6. the cultivation method of a kind of Phellinus according to claim 5 is characterized in that: in (2) step, ring the wide of canopy is 1.2~1.5m; (3) in the step, the Phellinus bacterium wraps in the rectangle hole of opening a 4cm * 1cm from sack 3~5cm place with pocket knife.
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