CN101810096B - Method for cultivating greenhouse lettuces - Google Patents
Method for cultivating greenhouse lettuces Download PDFInfo
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- CN101810096B CN101810096B CN2010101520895A CN201010152089A CN101810096B CN 101810096 B CN101810096 B CN 101810096B CN 2010101520895 A CN2010101520895 A CN 2010101520895A CN 201010152089 A CN201010152089 A CN 201010152089A CN 101810096 B CN101810096 B CN 101810096B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating greenhouse lettuces, which includes the following steps that: (A) one month before transplanting, ploughing is carried out, and composted rabbit dung is applied; (B) one month after seeding, seedlings are transplanted into greenhouses, ternary compound fertilizer is applied in the process of transplanting, the row space between the seedlings is 40cm, the plant space is 28cm, the greenhouses are closed tightly for 4 to 5 days after planting, and during the tight greenhouse closing, the greenhouse temperature is kept at 7 DEG C to 8 DEG C; (C) after tight greenhouse closing, the greenhouse temperature is kept at 7 DEG C to 15 DEG C, gibberellin solution is sprayed on a sunny day when the number of leaves is 10 to 11, the amount of the sprayed gibberellin solution is 40.001kg/667m2, wherein the gibberellin solution consists of 1 part by weight of gibberellin and 40000 parts by weight of water. By spraying gibberellin to regulate the growth of plants at the seedling stage and then integrating fertilizer management and greenhouse temperature management, the invention can effectively prevent diseases.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of greenhouse lettuces.
(2) background technology
Lettuce belongs to winter crops, like the climatic environment that cools, seedling ability-5 ℃ low temperature, under the booth warm environment, lettuce cripetura stem was dialled the joint elongation and was carried out in the winter time in advance breeding time, physiological trait changes, cell sap concentration reduces, and low temperature tolerance ability weakens, as meets with wet weather, frosty weather, the apical growing point tender leaf suffers freeze injury, stalk break, gray mold is by the freeze injury wound infection, often based on stalk break, by the plant conducted inside, outside contagion, expansion downwards, cause blade, the succulent stem morbidity is rotted, and influences the commodity of lettuce, and disease time is generally at plant height 20cm, 1～February, the low temperature overcast and rainy day weather conditions took place down.Gibberellin is as a kind of plant hormone, usually at the growth later spray of lettuce to improve output.The breeding method of existing greenhouse lettuces can not get effective control to the disease of lettuce.
(3) summary of the invention
For overcoming the above-mentioned deficiency of the breeding method that has greenhouse lettuces now, the invention provides a kind of breeding method that can effectively control the greenhouse lettuces of disease.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem is: a kind of breeding method of greenhouse lettuces comprises the following steps:
A. transplanting turns over the previous moon applies the rabbit excrement 2000kg/667m that crosses through composting
2
B. shoot transplanting equipment gone into booth in after planting 1 month, apply Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 60kg/667m during transplanting
2With superphosphate 100kg/667m
2, the line-spacing between the rice shoot is 40cm, spacing in the rows is 28cm; Plant back vexed canopy 4～5 days, keep 7～8 ℃ of canopy temperature during vexed canopy;
C. behind the vexed canopy, the canopy temperature control is sprayed gibberellin liquid at fine day at 7～15 ℃ during 10～11 leaves, and the sprinkling amount of described gibberellin liquid is: 40.001kg/667m
2, the water of the gibberellin that consists of 1 mass parts of gibberellin liquid and 40000 mass parts wherein; Must be when gibberellin is converted water earlier with liquor or alcohol dissolving; Guarantee to spray behind the gibberellin liquid and high temperature not occur to avoid occurring excessive growth in 20 days; If the situation of excessive growth occurs, then spray lettuce lobus cardiacus place, the paclobutrazol that consists of 1 mass parts of this paclobutrazol liquid and the water of 1000 mass parts with little spray gun with paclobutrazol liquid;
After spraying gibberellin liquid, keeps 5 days canopy temperature of 10～15 ℃, it is aeration-cooling to open the canopy skirt when cripetura stem begins to extend, and with canopy temperature drop to 7～8 ℃, sprays gibberellin liquid and still keeps 7～15 ℃ of canopy temperature afterwards in 20 days, to the lettuce maturation.
Further, when transplanting the vexed canopy in back spray prevention agricultural chemicals once, spray once and is avoided at overcast and rainy spray medicine week about later on; The prevention agricultural chemicals is 80% zineb WP600～800 times liquid, or 64% Sandofan WP600～800 times liquid, or 70% topsin WP600～800 times liquid.
Further, the quality percentage composition of N, P, K is respectively 21%, 6%, 13% in the described Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium.
Gibberellin (GA) has the effect that promotes cell division, promotes cell elongation, and outstanding effect is the elongation that promotes stem, and the effect that prevents that pericarp from rotting is also arranged.Greenhouse lettuces is transplanted behind gibberellin treatment, the greenhouse lettuces shortening rosette stage enters the elongation of cripetura stem and dials the joint phase, change the cluster situation of easy ponding of lettuce rosette stage blade, improve the plant ventilation and penetrating light, strengthen plant and inhale fertile water absorbing capacity, improve the lettuce disease resistance, resistance, the maximum succulent stem internode of lettuce is extending about 30% behind the spray gibberellin, and blade is sparse, succulent stem is smooth, commodity is good, and cripetura stem length shortens to 3cm by 3.8cm, and cripetura cauline leaf sheet reduces to 7 leaves by 16 leaves, blade changes cross growth into vertical growth, apical growing point is open and flat, no longer tightens up, and lobus cardiacus can not cluster, thereby prevented the contagion of disease, and making lobus cardiacus receive sunlight easily, the chlorophyll of lobus cardiacus increases, and can strengthen the resistance of lettuce; After spraying gibberellin, plant elder generation longitudinal tensile strain enters cross growth subsequently under low temperature, rich water sufficiency, impel the lettuce succulent stem to expand.Avoid overcast and rainy sprinkling gibberellin, guarantee to spray back 20d and high temperature do not occur, otherwise occur excessive growth easily, because short plant strain growth of cloudy day, fine short succulent stem expands.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: adjust plant strain growth by spraying gibberellin seedling stage, in conjunction with fertilizer management and the management of canopy temperature, prevent that effectively disease from taking place.
(4) embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of breeding method of greenhouse lettuces comprises the following steps:
A. transplanting turns over the previous moon applies the rabbit excrement 2000kg/667m that crosses through composting
2
B. shoot transplanting equipment gone into booth in after planting 1 month, apply Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 60kg/667m during transplanting
2With superphosphate 100kg/667m
2, the line-spacing between the rice shoot is 40cm, spacing in the rows is 28cm; Plant back vexed canopy 4～5 days, keep 7～8 ℃ of canopy temperature during vexed canopy; The quality percentage composition of N, P, K is respectively 21%, 6%, 13% in the described Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium;
C. behind the vexed canopy, the canopy temperature control is 7～15 ℃ (because the canopy temperature is difficult to be controlled at accurate numerical value, therefore the canopy temperature control is got final product in 7～15 ℃ of scopes, the best is 9～13 ℃), spray gibberellin liquid at fine day during 10～11 leaves, the sprinkling amount of described gibberellin liquid is: 40.001kg/667m
2, the water of the gibberellin that consists of 1 mass parts of gibberellin liquid and 40000 mass parts wherein; Must be when gibberellin is converted water earlier with liquor or alcohol dissolving; Guarantee to spray behind the gibberellin liquid and high temperature not occur to avoid occurring excessive growth in 20 days; If the situation of excessive growth occurs, then spray lettuce lobus cardiacus place, the paclobutrazol that consists of 1 mass parts of this paclobutrazol liquid and the water of 1000 mass parts with little spray gun with paclobutrazol liquid;
After spraying gibberellin liquid, keep 5 days 10～15 ℃ (because the canopy temperature is difficult to be controlled at accurate numerical value, therefore the canopy temperature control is got final product in 10～15 ℃ of scopes) the canopy temperature, it is aeration-cooling to open the canopy skirt when cripetura stem begins to extend, with canopy temperature drop to 7～8 ℃ (because the canopy temperature is difficult to be controlled at accurate numerical value, therefore the canopy temperature control is got final product in 7～8 ℃ of scopes), spray gibberellin liquid and still kept 7～15 ℃ of canopy temperature afterwards in 20 days, to the lettuce maturation.
When transplanting the vexed canopy in back spray prevention agricultural chemicals once, spray once and is avoided at overcast and rainy spray medicine week about later on; The prevention agricultural chemicals is 80% zineb WP700 times liquid, or 64% Sandofan WP700 times liquid, or 70% topsin WP700 times liquid; The prevention agricultural chemicals also can be 80% zineb WP600 times liquid, or 64% Sandofan WP600 times liquid, or 70% topsin WP600 times liquid; The prevention agricultural chemicals is 80% zineb WP800 times liquid, or 64% Sandofan WP800 times liquid, or 70% topsin WP800 times liquid.
Gibberellin (GA) has the effect that promotes cell division, promotes cell elongation, and outstanding effect is the elongation that promotes stem, and the effect that prevents that pericarp from rotting is also arranged.Greenhouse lettuces is transplanted behind gibberellin treatment, the greenhouse lettuces shortening rosette stage enters the elongation of cripetura stem and dials the joint phase, change the cluster situation of easy ponding of lettuce rosette stage blade, improve the plant ventilation and penetrating light, strengthen plant and inhale fertile water absorbing capacity, improve the lettuce disease resistance, resistance, the maximum succulent stem internode extending about 43% of lettuce behind the spray gibberellin, blade is sparse, succulent stem is smooth, and commodity is good, and cripetura stem length shortens to 3cm by 3.8cm, cripetura cauline leaf sheet reduces to 7 leaves (seeing table one for details) by 16 leaves, blade changes cross growth into vertical growth, and apical growing point is open and flat, no longer tightens up, lobus cardiacus can not cluster, thereby has prevented the contagion of disease; After spraying gibberellin, plant elder generation longitudinal tensile strain enters cross growth subsequently under low temperature, rich water sufficiency, impel the lettuce succulent stem to expand, and causes the excessive growth situation if hot weather occurs after the spray, be in time with 1000 * 10
-6Paclobutrazol is robbed with little spray and is sprayed lettuce lobus cardiacus place, can effectively suppress lettuce excessive growth, can avoid the middle and lower part blade to absorb paclobutrazol again influences succulent stem and expands, both control lettuce excessive growth and don't influence the purpose that the lettuce succulent stem expands to reach, plant height generally is controlled at about 60cm, reaches the effect of " acting freely " with hormone regulating and controlling; Avoid the repeat spraying hormone, avoid overcast and rainy sprinkling gibberellin, guarantee to spray and high temperature do not occur in back 20 days, otherwise occur excessive growth easily, because short plant strain growth of cloudy day, fine short succulent stem expands; Gibberellin must be converted water and carry out simultaneously with spray wine agricultural chemicals subsequently earlier with alcohol or liquor dissolving; Soil fertility deficiency, forbidding gibberellin regulation and control when the lettuce growing way is more weak.
| Cripetura stem length (cm) | The cripetura stem number of blade (opening) | Cripetura cauline leaf spacing (cm) | The straight maximum blade gap distance of the penis and testes that expands (cm) | |
| Spray gibberellin | 3 | 7 | 0.43 | 4.3 |
| Contrast (not spraying gibberellin) | 3.8 | 16 | 0.24 | 3.0 |
Table one
Claims (2)
1. the breeding method of a greenhouse lettuces is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A. transplanting turns over the previous moon applies the rabbit excrement 2000kg/667m that crosses through composting
2
B. shoot transplanting equipment gone into booth in after planting 1 month, apply Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 60kg/667m during transplanting
2With superphosphate 100kg/667m
2, the line-spacing between the rice shoot is 40cm, spacing in the rows is 28cm; Plant back vexed canopy 4～5 days, keep 7～8 ℃ of canopy temperature during vexed canopy;
C. behind the vexed canopy, the canopy temperature control is sprayed gibberellin liquid at fine day at 7～15 ℃ during 10～11 leaves, and the sprinkling amount of described gibberellin liquid is: 40.001kg/667m
2, the water of the gibberellin that consists of 1 mass parts of gibberellin liquid and 40000 mass parts wherein; Must be when gibberellin is converted water earlier with liquor or alcohol dissolving; Guarantee to spray behind the gibberellin liquid and high temperature not occur to avoid occurring excessive growth in 20 days; If the situation of excessive growth occurs, then spray lettuce lobus cardiacus place, the paclobutrazol that consists of 1 mass parts of this paclobutrazol liquid and the water of 1000 mass parts with little spray gun with paclobutrazol liquid;
After spraying gibberellin liquid, keeps 5 days canopy temperature of 10～15 ℃, it is aeration-cooling to open the canopy skirt when cripetura stem begins to extend, and with canopy temperature drop to 7～8 ℃, sprays gibberellin liquid and still keeps 7～15 ℃ of canopy temperature afterwards in 20 days, to the lettuce maturation;
When transplanting the vexed canopy in back spray prevention agricultural chemicals once, spray once and is avoided at overcast and rainy spray medicine week about later on; The prevention agricultural chemicals is 80% zineb WP600～800 times liquid, or 64% Sandofan WP600～800 times liquid, or 70% topsin WP600～800 times liquid.
2. the breeding method of greenhouse lettuces as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quality percentage composition of N, P, K is respectively 21%, 6%, 13% in the described Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010101520895A CN101810096B (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2010-04-16 | Method for cultivating greenhouse lettuces |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101520895A CN101810096B (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2010-04-16 | Method for cultivating greenhouse lettuces |
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| CN101810096A CN101810096A (en) | 2010-08-25 |
| CN101810096B true CN101810096B (en) | 2011-05-25 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102344316A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-02-08 | 山东宝源生物有限公司 | Nutrient fertilizer of lettuce |
| CN103145480A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-06-12 | 陈卫文 | Compound fertilizer suitable for lettuce planting in high fertility area |
| CN107548924A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-01-09 | 镇江三龙生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of anti-season lettuce |
| CN107466634A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-15 | 金寨汇金蔬菜种植专业合作社 | A kind of lettuce planting method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004300069A (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Mitsuko Hamano | Plant growth promoter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004300069A (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Mitsuko Hamano | Plant growth promoter |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
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| 张继宁.植物生长调节剂在莴苣上的应用.《北方园艺》.1996,(第3期),全文. * |
| 江城等.南京地区秋冬季莴苣保护地高产栽培技术.《上海农业科技》.2008,(第5期),全文. * |
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