CN101803536A

CN101803536A - Method for cultivating Hericium erinaceus

Info

Publication number: CN101803536A
Application number: CN 201010170505
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱忠贵; 瞿峰
Original assignee: ZHENJIANG CITY EDIBLE FUNGUS RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Current assignee: ZHENJIANG CITY EDIBLE FUNGUS RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Priority date: 2010-05-08
Filing date: 2010-05-08
Publication date: 2010-08-18

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of edible fungus cultivating, and discloses a method for cultivating Hericium erinaceus. The method comprises the following steps: producing bacterium bags, setting up a cultivating rack, fruiting in a bag extrusion way, and watering. The invention is characterized in that the Hericium erinaceus bags impregnated with hyphae are arranged on the cultivating rack with the inoculation opening facing downwards in a monolayer mode, and a moisturizing shading material is covered on the bags. The invention supplies water by utilizing water vaporation, thereby preventing water from being directly poured on the young Hericium erinaceus in the watering process and causing death of the young Hericium erinaceus. The invention can increase the survival rate of the young Hericium erinaceus and the product quality, is convenient and practical, does not increase cost or consume energy sources, and can be popularized and applied in the countryside.

Description

The cultivation method of a kind of Hericium erinaceus

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cultivating method for edible fungi, relate in particular to the cultivation method of a kind of Hericium erinaceus, belong to technical field of edible fungi production.

Background technology

Hericium erinaceus is the famous food medicine dual-purpose fungi of China, is called " king of mushroom " usually, and it and bear's paw, bird's nest, shark's fin are listed as four big famous dishes, are described as " mountain delicacy " since ancient times.

The cultivation season of Hericium erinaceus is the weather conditions according to the locality, and its sporophore growth temperature is determined at 16-20 ℃.General spring and autumn all can be cultivated, and the East China is beginning inoculation the 3-4 month spring, and be good inoculate cultivation the 9-10 month autumn.The low-pressure polyethylene plastic sack of the general employing of Hericium erinaceus 15 * 50cm carries out the grog bag plants, and is raw material with wood chip, cotton seed hulls mainly, water content 65-70%, every packed siccative 0.3-0.5kg.Generally be " well " font behind the bacterium bag disinfection inoculation and pile up a bacterium, temperature maintenance is 20～25 ℃ in the culturing room, air humidity about 65%, and shading is cultivated.Mycelial growth animated period (inoculating back about 15 days), temperature is reduced to about 20 ℃.Cultivated through 20-28 days, in time move into the mushroom canopy after the mycelia of bacterium bag is covered with substantially and urge the flower bud fruiting.In the prior art, the hericium erinaceus bag generally is horizontal and is thrown on mushroom bed or the mushroom frame, the inoculation mouth upwards, covering old newspaper or mulch film moisture-keeping are urged flower bud on the bacterium bag, throw off covering after the children mushroom forms,, need water spray every day in order to ensure young mushroom normal growth, keep the relative moisture 90-95% of culturing room, manage cumbersomely, particularly moisture is regulated relatively difficulty, and water spray is few, humidity does not reach, the easy dehydration of children mushroom is withered and yellow, and water spray is too many, the humidity height, run into hot weather again, the oedema perish can take place again in young mushroom.Water management becomes the hericium erinaceus fruiting body important technical links in vegetative period, also is the key factor of Hericium erinaceus high-yield culturing.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, solve the technical problem of Hericium erinaceus children mushroom water management in vegetative period, the present invention discloses a kind of Hericium erinaceus cultivation method, comprise the production of bacterium bag, take cultivating stand, row's bag fruiting, it is characterized in that: the hericium erinaceus bag inoculation mouth down that will send out mycelia full is arranged on the cultivating stand, the light screening materials of preserving moisture such as cover film, straw screen or mat or sunshade net on the bacterium bag utilize the moisture of evaporation from land surface, the injury of avoiding on inoculation mouthful or young mushroom direct water spray to cause.

Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that selection idle house, booth or physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are operated according to the following step as cultivation place in the farmland easily then:

1, produce the hericium erinaceus bag: generally with cotton seed hulls, saw dust, bagasse, reed, corncob, agricultural crop straws etc. are as the main composts or fertilisers of cultivating of Hericium erinaceus, adopt the grog pocket type cultivation mode of generally using in the prior art to produce the hericium erinaceus bag of no living contaminants, common prescription mainly is: cotton seed hulls 50%, wood chip 30%, wheat bran 16%, gypsum or calcium carbonate 2%, sugar 1%, superphosphate 1%, composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content 65-70%, every bag of siccative 0.3-0.5 kilogram, sent out full mycelia in general about 30 days, because Hericium erinaceus is preferred acidity, so should not add lime in the composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the pH of composts or fertilisers of cultivating should be controlled between the 4.5-6.5.

2, make cultivating stand: with the angle bar welding or with material self manufacture cultivating stands such as mao bamboon, timber, iron wires.House, booth can be made the multilayer cultivating stand, the general wide 0.8-1m of cultivating stand, and long 2.5-8m can be provided with the 3-6 layer; Adopt land for growing field crops little shed bed formula cultivation, can dig wide 0.8-1m, the groundbed of dark 15cm-25cm, bed surface is built simple and easy individual layer cultivating stand with dwarf bamboo wood, and bamboo wood spacing 15-20cm uses upright supports in the middle of the groundbed.

3, row bag: will send out mycelia and free of contamination hericium erinaceus bag full, inoculation mouth down individual layer is emitted on the cultivating stand.

4, water mend wet: can water earthward or in the groundbed after the bacterium bag discharges, increase the humidity in mushroom room, booth or the groundbed.

5, cover the light screening material of preserving moisture: cover film, straw screen or mat or sunshade net on the bacterium bag.

6, management is gathered: fruiting place temperature is controlled at 15-20 ℃, relative moisture 85-95%, and ventilate 1-2 every day, young mushroom can occur in 7-10 days, covers with the bacterium thorn when Hericium erinaceus, and bacterium is stung length and gathers when the 1cm left and right sides.Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The inoculation mouth down waters water in ground or groundbed when 1, arranging bag, and the moisture that utilizes water evaporates to form is mended and wet, and has avoided in the process of watering, and water directly waters on young mushroom, causes the generation of the young mushroom phenomena of mortality, can improve the survival rate of Hericium erinaceus children mushroom.

2, can improve product quality.

Embodiment:

1, produce the hericium erinaceus bag: the low-pressure polyethylene plastic sack of employing 15 * 50cm carries out the grog bag and plants, select cotton seed hulls 50%, wood chip 30%, wheat bran 16%, gypsum 2%, sugar 1%, the recipe configuration composts or fertilisers of cultivating of superphosphate 1%, water content 65-70%, pH 4.5-6.5, every packed siccative 0.3-0.5kg.Be " well " font after pack, sterilization, the inoculation and pile up a bacterium, temperature maintenance is 20～25 ℃ in the culturing room, air humidity about 65%, and shading was cultivated 20-30 days, and mycelia can be covered with the bacterium bag substantially.

2, dig a built: adopt little shed bed formula cultivation, dig wide 0.8-1m in the land for growing field crops, the groundbed of dark 15cm-25cm, bed surface is built simple and easy individual layer cultivating stand with dwarf bamboo wood, and bamboo wood spacing 15-20cm uses upright supports in the middle of the groundbed.

4, water mend wet: can in groundbed, water after the bacterium bag discharges, increase humidity.

6, management is gathered: the ground bed tempertaure is controlled at 15-20 ℃, relative moisture 85-95%, and ventilate 1-2 every day, young mushroom can occur in 7-10 days, covers with the bacterium thorn when Hericium erinaceus, and bacterium is stung length and gathers when the 1cm left and right sides.

Claims

1. the cultivation method of a Hericium erinaceus comprises the production of bacterium bag, and cultivating stand is taken and put, and a row bag fruiting waters that it is wet to mend, and it is characterized in that: the hericium erinaceus bag inoculation mouth down monolayer alignment that will send out mycelia full covers the light screening material of preserving moisture on the bacterium bag on cultivating stand.

2. the cultivation method of a kind of Hericium erinaceus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the production of described bacterium bag is the low-pressure polyethylene plastic sack that adopts 15 * 50cm, with cotton seed hulls, wood chip is main composts or fertilisers of cultivating, water content 65-70%, pH 4.5-6.5, every packed siccative 0.3-0.5kg is " well " font after pack, sterilization, the inoculation and piles up a bacterium, and shading was cultivated 20-30 days in 20～25 ℃ of culturing room.

3. the cultivation method of a kind of Hericium erinaceus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cultivating stand is taken and put is that house, booth can be made the multilayer cultivating stand, generally the wide 0.8-1m of cultivating stand with angle bar welding or with bamboo wood self manufacture cultivating stand, long 2.5-8m can be provided with the 3-6 layer; Adopt land for growing field crops little shed bed formula cultivation, can dig wide 0.8-1m, the groundbed of dark 15cm-25cm, bed surface is built simple and easy individual layer cultivating stand with dwarf bamboo wood, and bamboo wood spacing 15-20cm uses upright supports in the middle of the groundbed.

4. the cultivation method of a kind of Hericium erinaceus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described light screening material of preserving moisture is film, straw screen or mat or sunshade net.

5. the cultivation method of a kind of Hericium erinaceus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described benefit of watering is wet to be to water earthward or in the groundbed after the bacterium bag discharges, utilize the moisture benefit of evaporation from land surface wet, can avoid the injury of on inoculation mouth or young mushroom, directly spraying water and causing.