CN104737783A - Cultivation method for hericium erinaceus - Google Patents
Cultivation method for hericium erinaceus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737783A CN104737783A CN201510110622.4A CN201510110622A CN104737783A CN 104737783 A CN104737783 A CN 104737783A CN 201510110622 A CN201510110622 A CN 201510110622A CN 104737783 A CN104737783 A CN 104737783A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for hericium erinaceus. Lentinus edodes tangs are applied to the hericium erinaceus cultivation technology. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that lentinus edodes tang soaked materials and cultivation raw materials are blended for piling fermentation, beneficial microorganism reproduction is promoted, microbial florae in the materials are improved, and catalytic decomposition of the cultivation materials is accelerated; the fermented cultivation materials have high-activity beneficial bacteria and active metabolites of the high-activity beneficial bacteria, the high-activity beneficial bacteria and the active metabolites have an enhancing effect on growth of hericium erinaceus mycelia, mycelium growth is vigorous, and anti-hybrid-bacterium capacity is high; after second-generation damp hericium erinaceus and third-generation damp hericium erinaceus are harvested, the mycelium rejuvenation effect of lentinus edodes tang lixiviums is good, the lentinus edodes tang lixiviums have an effect of promoting formation of hericium erinaceus blastemas and growth of sporocarps, and the biotransformation rate of the third-generation damp hericium erinaceus and fourth-generation damp hericium erinaceus is high; resources such as manpower and coal are saved, environmental pollution is reduced, and the low carbon and environmental protection concept is met.
Description
Technical field
A kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method of the present invention, is the technology be applied to by mushroom tang in Hericium erinaceus culture, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Have the hedgehog hydnum of the title of " mountain delicacy ", nutritious, be famous nourishing body-strengening food, also there is higher medical value simultaneously, have very high cure rate to the tumour of some digestive systems and inflammation.
The traditional cultivation method of Hericium erinaceus is cured material bag-cultured, and planting material carries out inoculated and cultured after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the contour molecular organic material of the cellulose now in material is degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes planting material conversion ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention's mushroom tang soaks expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the Hericium erinaceus quality of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: wood chip 57-63%, cotton seed hulls 16-22%, soya-bean cake 15-17%, mushroom tang 3-4%, superphosphate 0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip, cotton seed hulls, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add gypsum, during second time turning, add superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, turning 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
(4) make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, until mycelia be covered with material reach 1/2 time, cover the thick earthing of 2-3cm, carry out management of producing mushroom;
(5) management of producing mushroom: after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-8kg, with rejuvenation mycelia; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for Hericium erinaceus culture by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, soak with mushroom tang and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of hericium mycelium;
3., after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, have facilitation to the formation of the former base of hedgehog hydnum and the growth of fruit body, the biological transformation ratio of third and fourth damp mushroom is high;
4. save the resource such as manpower, coal, decrease environmental pollution, meet low-carbon environment-friendly theory.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 60%, cotton seed hulls 19%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 3.5%, superphosphate 0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, gypsum 1% is all the quality of dry matter;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip through prewetting, cotton seed hulls, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add gypsum, during second time turning, add superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, until mycelia be covered with material reach 1/2 time, cover the thick earthing of 2-3cm, carry out management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.02g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 7kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom reaches 64.3%, and total biological efficiency reaches 135.4%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 60%, cotton seed hulls 19%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 3.5%, superphosphate 0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, gypsum 1% is all the quality of dry matter;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip through prewetting, cotton seed hulls, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add gypsum, during second time turning, add superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, until mycelia be covered with material reach 1/2 time, cover the thick earthing of 2-3cm, carry out management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 7kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom has been 45.4%, and total biological efficiency is 116.5%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 60%, cotton seed hulls 19%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 3.5%, superphosphate 0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, gypsum 1% is all the quality of dry matter;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the wood chip through prewetting, cotton seed hulls, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add gypsum, during second time turning, add superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, until mycelia be covered with material reach 1/2 time, cover the thick earthing of 2-3cm, carry out management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.02g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 7kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom reaches 60.5%, and total biological efficiency reaches 125.6%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 60%, cotton seed hulls 19%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 3.5%, superphosphate 0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, gypsum 1% is all the quality of dry matter;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the wood chip through prewetting, cotton seed hulls, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add gypsum, during second time turning, add superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, until mycelia be covered with material reach 1/2 time, cover the thick earthing of 2-3cm, carry out management of producing mushroom;
5. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 7kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom has been 42.7%, and total biological efficiency is 107.8%.
table one Hericium erinaceus biological efficiency compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; Leachate is good to the effect of rejuvenation of hericium mycelium, and third and fourth damp mushroom biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. a Hericium erinaceus culture method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: wood chip 57-63%, cotton seed hulls 16-22%, soya-bean cake 15-17%, mushroom tang 3-4%, superphosphate 0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip, cotton seed hulls, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add gypsum, during second time turning, add superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, turning 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
(4) make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, until mycelia be covered with material reach 1/2 time, cover the thick earthing of 2-3cm, carry out management of producing mushroom;
(5) management of producing mushroom: after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-8kg; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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| CN1528117A (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2004-09-15 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for producing hedgehog fungus and special culture medium thereof |
| CN101803536A (en) * | 2010-05-08 | 2010-08-18 | 镇江市食用菌研究所 | Method for cultivating Hericium erinaceus |
| CN103396208A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-11-20 | 安徽金麒麟农业科技有限公司 | Hericium erinaceus culture medium and culture method |
| CN103497027A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing hericium erinaceus cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
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2015
- 2015-03-13 CN CN201510110622.4A patent/CN104737783A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1528117A (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2004-09-15 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for producing hedgehog fungus and special culture medium thereof |
| CN101803536A (en) * | 2010-05-08 | 2010-08-18 | 镇江市食用菌研究所 | Method for cultivating Hericium erinaceus |
| CN103396208A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-11-20 | 安徽金麒麟农业科技有限公司 | Hericium erinaceus culture medium and culture method |
| CN103497027A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing hericium erinaceus cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
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