CN101801439A - 具有枢转运动的插入装置 - Google Patents

具有枢转运动的插入装置 Download PDF

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CN101801439A
CN101801439A CN200880025109A CN200880025109A CN101801439A CN 101801439 A CN101801439 A CN 101801439A CN 200880025109 A CN200880025109 A CN 200880025109A CN 200880025109 A CN200880025109 A CN 200880025109A CN 101801439 A CN101801439 A CN 101801439A
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insertion device
pivot
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S·吉尔恩
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/158Needles for infusions; Accessories therefor, e.g. for inserting infusion needles, or for holding them on the body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0612Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/158Needles for infusions; Accessories therefor, e.g. for inserting infusion needles, or for holding them on the body
    • A61M2005/1581Right-angle needle-type devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/158Needles for infusions; Accessories therefor, e.g. for inserting infusion needles, or for holding them on the body
    • A61M2005/1585Needle inserters

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  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及将医用装置插入患者的皮下或肌肉部位的插入装置。具体地,涉及包括枢转构件和引导构件的插入装置,将穿透部件从不指向插入方向的位置移到穿透部件指向插入方向的位置。插入装置包括包围穿透部件(9)的壳体(15),壳体包括顶部部分(14)和下部部分(16),插入装置(1)包括提供穿透部件(9)从第一位置到第二位置到第三位置的枢转运动的枢转构件(27、31、41、43)和引导构件(10、19、16s、31s、18s),在第一位置穿透部件不指向插入方向,在第二位置穿透部件与插入方向对准,在第三位置穿透部件从壳体(15)伸出并且穿透部件沿插入方向对准。引导构件(10、19、16s、31s、18s)适于提供穿透部件从第二位置到第三位置的纵向运动。

Description

具有枢转运动的插入装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于将医用装置插入患者的皮下或肌肉部位的插入装置。更具体地,本发明涉及包括枢转和引导构件的插入装置,该枢转和引导构件用于将穿透部件从该穿透部件不指向插入方向的位置移动到该穿透部件指向插入方向的位置。
背景技术
插入装置,也称为注射器,通常用于医疗领域,用于将诸如输注套装和类似物的医用装置以半自动方式穿过患者的皮肤。
EP 1 011 785涉及用于皮下输注套装的注射器,EP 1 044 028涉及用于插入套装的插入装置。
EP 1 502 613涉及将穿透部件插入患者皮下部位的插入装置。根据该插入装置的穿透部件在插入过程中进行曲线运动,也就是即使在穿透部件的尖端已经穿透患者的皮肤表面之后该穿透部件也继续地改变方向。这种曲线运动会使患者产生不适或甚至疼痛。
众所周知的是,任何患者,尤其是儿童,都害怕通常用于医学处理和治疗的尖锐物体,例如注射针头和其它穿透装置。这种害怕往往是非理性的,可能会妨碍合适的医学处理。例如在自施药的情况下,没有施用合适剂量的所需药物成分可导致甚至可能危急生命的并发症。当治疗例如青少年的糖尿病时,存在如下风险,即由于对该装置针头的非理性害怕,以及普遍缺乏对忽视装置和剂量的正确应用带来的后果的认识和了解,可能不能自施用所需的胰岛素剂量。
医用装置的插入带来的另一个已知问题在于该穿透部件在应用前或应用期间污染的风险。这可能例如经由受污染的插入针头而轻易地导致患者感染。这种针头暴露的越长,意外污染的风险就越高,例如通过手指碰到针头,使针头与不洁表面接触,或者通过空气污染、悬浮颗粒污染以及类似污染。根据污染(例如包括病毒、细菌、真菌、酵母菌和/或朊病毒)的特性,结合患者的综合健康状况,所导致的感染可能迅速地转变到危急生命的地步。
最后,众所周知的是,与受到感染的、特别是在医院环境中使用过的针头相接触可能会危急生命,所以必须使意外暴露于污染物的风险最小。
因此,在本领域中明显需要解决上述问题的一种实用的、可靠的、精确的、安全的和用户友好的插入装置,该插入装置解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种插入装置,其中诸如针头或插管或者这两者的穿透装置在医用装置插入前、插入期间和插入后都不可见,由此极大地方便施用和操纵并且提高了用户友好性。此外,由于没有暴露穿透装置,所以该插入装置减小了感染和污染的风险。当应用时,该医用装置的插入针头缩回到插入装置的壳体中,从而方便所述的医用装置的操纵和处理。
因此,本发明提供一种如权利要求1限定的插入装置,其用于将穿透部件插入到患者的皮下部位和/或肌肉部位中,所述插入装置包括包围该穿透部件的壳体,该壳体进一步包括顶部部分和下部部分。该插入装置还包括枢转构件和引导构件,该枢转构件和引导构件用于提供该穿透部件从第一位置到第二位置到第三位置的一个或多个枢转运动和一个或多个纵向运动,在第一位置该穿透部件不指向插入方向,在第二位置该穿透部件与插入方向对准但不从所述壳体伸出,在第三位置该穿透部件从壳体伸出并且该穿透部件沿插入方向对准。
该枢转和引导构件还可以通过纵向运动提供第四位置,在该第四位置穿透部件完全插入患者体内,其中该纵向运动的长度等于或大于该穿透部件的长度。
根据一个实施例,该枢转构件包括一个或多个轴。该轴能横穿顶部部分和/或下部部分。例如该轴可由一个贯通部件构成或者该轴可由两个或更多个零件构成。
根据一个实施例,所述轴附接有装置安装构件,医用装置附接在该装置安装构件上,并且该装置安装构件和该轴具有同一旋转中心。
根据一个实施例,该枢转构件包括一个或多个枢轴以及一个或多个枢转部件。例如,第一枢轴能横穿下部部分和枢转部件,并且第一枢轴是所述枢转部件的旋转中心。进一步地,第二枢轴能横穿该枢转部件和该装置安装构件。
根据一个实施例,该引导构件包括一个或多个引导槽。这些引导槽可设在下部部分上,其中该引导槽可与插入方向平行并且其长度等于或大于所述纵向运动的长度。该引导槽能够包围所述轴,并且限制该轴和下部部分的纵向运动的长度。
该引导槽可设置在枢转部件中,其中该引导槽包括朝向该枢转部件上部的弯曲部分和长度等于或大于所述纵向运动的长度的笔直部分。该引导槽包围所述轴并限制所述轴的运动。
该引导槽可设置在该装置安装构件的竖直部分中。那么该引导槽的长度等于或大于所述纵向运动的长度,并且该引导槽包围第二枢轴并限制该第二枢轴的运动。
根据一个实施例,沿插入方向在顶部部分上施加的向下的力通过如下相互作用提供该医用装置的旋转:由下部部分的引导槽引导的轴与该枢转部件的引导槽的相互作用,以及由枢转部件引导的第一枢轴和第二枢轴与该装置安装构件的竖直部分上的引导槽的相互作用。
根据一个实施例,该引导构件包括一个或多个设置在该装置安装构件上的圆形突起,所述突起远离该插入方向延伸。该引导构件包括主突起,该主突起的侧部对称地具有两个子突起,其中该主突起沿与轴垂直的轴线与该穿透部件对准。根据这个实施例,该插入装置可包括上部引导构件和下部引导构件,其中上部引导构件和下部引导构件从下部部分的内表面延伸。在顶部部分上施加向下的力时,突起与上部引导构件和下部引导构件之间的相互作用提供该医用装置的旋转。
根据一个实施例,该穿透部件包括插管和/或导入针头。如果该导入针头是该插入装置的一部分,那么该导入针头在该穿透部件插入后从该医用装置上移除。
根据一个实施例,该枢转构件和引导构件可通过选择性地伴有枢转运动或者旋转运动的纵向运动来提供第五位置,在该第五位置该导入针头通过插管缩回。该第五位置可通过一个或多个线性运动和一个或多个枢转运动来提供,在该第五位置该导入针头缩入壳体。该装置可以构造成该导入针头在缩入壳体之后不再可见。
根据一个实施例,该穿透部件是医用装置的一部分,例如该穿透部件由硬的穿透插管构成。
根据本发明,医用装置可以是传感器、输注部件或者用于流体注射的流道/端口装置。
根据本发明,根据例如用来构成该插入装置的材料,该插入装置可以单次使用(一次性的)或者适合于重复使用。
根据本发明,该插入装置能够适合于同时地或相继地插入不同的医用装置。
根据本发明,该插入装置可在使用前、使用后或使用之间进行清洗、杀菌和/或消毒。
根据本发明,该插入装置可包括位于该插入装置″中心″位置或″偏心″位置的穿透部件。
根据本发明,该插入装置可包括附加的盖和/或保护构件。
根据本发明,该插入装置可具有与该插入装置的中心轴线平行的插入中心轴线。
根据本发明,该插入装置具有的穿透部件的插入中心方向可基本上与患者皮肤垂直即具有大约90°的插入角αins,或者具有0°<αins<90°、10°<αins<80°或20°<αins<70°的插入角。
根据本发明,该插入装置具有的中心轴线可基本上与患者皮肤垂直即具有大约90°的中心轴线角αcenter,或者具有0°<αcenter<90°、10°<αcenter<80°或30°<αcenter<60°的中心轴线角。
根据本发明,该插入装置具有的穿透部件的插入方向可与该插入装置的中心轴线平行即具有αdefl=0°的偏转角,或者具有0°<αdefl<90°、10°<αdefl<80°或30°<αdefl<60°的偏转角。
附图说明
将参考附图对本发明实施例进行详细描述,其中在不同附图中相同的附图标记表示相应的部件。
图1是表示插入装置中医用装置的不同位置的示意图;
图2是表示可利用插入装置插入的医用装置的示意图;
图3是表示插入装置的示意图;
图4是表示插入装置的示意图;
图5是表示带有防护构件的插入装置的示意图;
图6是表示带有枢转和引导构件的插入装置的实施例的横截面;A:插入前;B:插管插入;
图7是表示枢转和引导构件及其在插入过程中的相对位置(位置I-VI);
图8是表示枢转和引导构件及其在插入过程中的相对位置(位置I-VI)的另一个视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了插入装置1,并且图示了医用装置3在插入装置1的主腔体35中的不同位置;根据本发明,所述医用装置3包括穿透部件9。主腔体35限定为插入装置1的壳体15和由虚线所示的底面7内部的体积。主腔体35在宽度、高度和直径上具有足够的尺寸,并且可选择性的为弹性的和/或尺寸可变的,以便包围包括穿透部件9的医用装置3,并且允许一个或多个旋转和/或枢转运动,以及可选择地允许一个或多个纵向运动(图1)。
根据本发明的插入装置包括开口2,该开口2朝向壳体15的底面7。所述开口与待插入的医用装置3的本体5等宽或比该本体5更宽。图1中所示的插入装置1的实施例包括开口2,该开口2的宽度足以允许医用装置3经过所述开口2离开插入装置1。通常,开口2可以利用可拆卸的密封薄片或释放衬垫来密封,该密封薄片或释放衬垫可包括翼片6,以方便使用插入装置之前的移除操作。这可以确保合适的卫生标准,例如保持合适的消毒水平或无菌度。此外,该密封薄片可作为插入装置1和/或医用装置3完整性的指示件,从而,由于可以避免使用可能损坏而不再是无菌的装置,所以提高了安全标准。
在根据图1A所示的本发明实施例的初始位置上,医用装置3的穿透部件9是从插入方向转动180°。相当于0°的插入方向在这个实施例中垂直于底面7。在这种情况下,穿透部件9指向上方,如图1所示(位置A)。由于不管医用装置的本体5多小,穿透部件9都被该医用装置的本体5遮住,所以当向主腔体35中看时看不见在位置A处的穿透部件9。在另一个实施例中,在初始位置上,医用装置是从插入方向转动大约135°角度。在又一个实施例中,该医用装置从插入方向转动>0°至180°之间的角度,并且该插入装置不可见和/或被壳体15和/或医用装置3的本体5遮住。
根据本发明,插入装置包括用于提供第二位置(位置C)的枢转和引导构件,在位置C处,包括穿透部件9的医用装置3仍旧位于主腔体35内部,因此没有从该插入装置1伸出,并且该医用装置和穿透部件9与插入方向对准(图1)。
经由至少部分穿透部件9从壳体15伸出的第三位置(位置D),插入装置到达穿透部件9完全伸出的第四位置(位置E)。穿透部件9的延伸是通过沿插入方向的基本纵向运动实现的,当穿透部件9必须以整个长度插入时,该纵向运动的长度至少等于该穿透部件9的长度。
图2示出了医用装置3的实施例,该医用装置3可以利用根据本发明的插入装置插入。通常,这种医用装置3包括本体5以及一个或多个穿透部件9,该本体5不插入患者体内而是靠在患者的皮肤上。图2中所示的医用装置是具有穿透部件9的端口装置套装,穿透部件9包括软插管11和导入针头13。在比如不借助插入针头就不能插入的软插管的情况下,该插入针头在应用医用装置时缩回。这可能需要用于手动缩回导入针头13的附接构件23,也如图2中所示。其它的医用装置可包括具有穿透能力的插管,在应用该医用装置时该插管保持插在患者体内。
根据本发明可插入的医用装置包括例如输注套装或输注套装的输注部分、包括一个或多个插入的传感器的传感器装置、仅仅包括具有受限制入口以代替用注射器进行重复注射的本体的端口装置或具有插入患者皮下部位或肌肉部位的穿透部件的任何其它装置。
通常,安装垫用来确保医用装置与患者皮肤的合适接触。这个安装垫可附接至医用装置3的本体5的下侧。或者,该安装垫附接至患者的皮肤,并且医用装置直接穿过该安装垫或穿过该安装垫中的开口而插入。通常,安装垫的粘合强度大到足以确保医用装置在插入后保持在患者的皮肤上,并且仅仅插入针头13通过插管11取出,而医用装置保持就位。在本发明的可选实施例中,医用装置3通过第二医用装置插入。
图3示出了本发明的另一个实施例。图3A示出了根据本发明的插入装置的壳体。插入装置1的壳体包括两个部分,即顶部部分14和下部部分16,两个部分基本上都是中空的圆筒形套筒形状;这两个部分可以具有任何横截面,例如图3所示的圆筒形,或者椭圆形或诸如正方形的多边形,只要顶部部分14和下部部分16彼此对应即可。顶部部分14在顶部通过顶部表面7闭合。顶部部分14的直径比下部部分16的直径宽,这两个部分的高度大致近似,并且顶部部分14与下部部分16交叠。
朝向顶部部分14的下部,设置有包括贯通孔和选择性地包括轴承的附接构件29以附接旋转/枢转构件。该旋转/枢转构件包括用于转动/枢转轴27的圆筒形孔或轴承,该旋转/枢转轴27安装在顶部部分14内。附接构件29对称地设置和选择性地沿直径方向设置。
下部部分16既不在顶部闭合也不在底部闭合,并且包括一对竖直地定位的对称的引导槽10,即平行于插入方向并且在下部部分16的对角线两头对称。引导槽10的尺寸宽到足以提供对旋转/枢转轴27的引导并且允许旋转/枢转轴27沿引导槽10进行纵向运动。顶部部分14和下部部分16通过所述旋转/枢转轴27连接。
图3B示出了带有指向观察者的穿透部件9的医用装置3的俯视图。本体5的近侧,即面向患者皮肤的一侧,以及安装垫6在应用该医用装置3时是可见的。从安装垫6伸出的转动/枢转轴27的端部是可见的。
图3C示出了沿着插入装置1的旋转/枢转轴27或与插入装置1的旋转/枢转轴27平行的横截面的视图,由此更多的构件和部件变得明显。该医用装置3的穿透部件9向上指向顶部部分14的闭合圆形顶部表面7(即图1中的位置1)。医用装置3通过装置安装构件18以可释放的方式附接至枢转/旋转轴27。根据本发明的一个实施例,医用装置3通过导入针头13以及所述导入针头13和插管11之间的摩擦附接至装置安装构件18。该导入针头13在插入医用装置3时缩回。导入针头13和插管11之间的摩擦在插入前和插入期间在装置安装构件18和医用装置3之间提供足够的和合适的附接。足够的和合适的附接意味着,例如医用装置3不会在比如应用前(包括生产、消毒、运输和存储)或在应用期间无意地从装置安装构件18或导入针头13滑落或脱落,包括在插入期间由一个或多个旋转和/或枢转运动引起的离心力。足够的和合适的附接还意味着摩擦力不太高,从而允许穿透针头13在插入后缩回。由此相应地形成和选择导入针头13的外径尺寸和插管9的内径尺寸以及它们的表面特性。根据本发明的另一个实施例,医用装置3通过粘性构件附接至装置安装构件18和/或枢转/旋转轴27。粘性构件的功能是在医用装置3和装置安装构件和/或枢转/旋转轴27之间提供足够的和合适的附接/粘附,使医用装置在插入前和插入期间保持可靠地附接,但是允许医用装置3在插入时释放。该粘性构件相应地进行选择和设定尺寸。
装置安装构件18的横截面如图3C中所示。枢转/旋转轴27延伸穿过该装置安装构件18,或者两个独立的枢转/转动轴27在装置安装构件18的两侧沿着同一枢转/旋转轴线对称地安装并对准。一对引导构件19附接在该装置安装构件18的相反面上,也就是说,相对于医用装置该相反面指向与穿透部件9的插入方向成180°的方向。引导构件19朝向装置安装构件的外末端对称地设置,并且其距离超过医用装置3的直径。在位置1上,枢转/旋转轴27与顶部部分14的顶部表面7平行,并且与下部部分16的开口2平行,在这个实施例中开口2由密封装置4闭合。在本发明的可选实施例中,密封装置可以是安装垫。在所示的实施例中,引导槽10延伸过下部部分16的高度的大约2/3。或者,引导槽10可具有与穿透部件9的长度类似或更长的长度。引导槽10具有上端部10u和下端部10l。枢转/旋转轴27延伸穿过引导槽10和顶部部分14的开口29。顶部部分14和下部部分16的高度都超过医用装置3的长度。
设置有从下部部分16的内表面垂直地延伸并且与顶部表面7基本平行的上部引导构件19u和下部引导构件19l。在本发明的一个实施例中,上部引导构件19u和下部引导构件19l是圆筒形的。在本发明的另一个实施例中,上部引导构件19u和下部引导构件19l的横截面基本为椭圆形。在又一个实施例中,上部引导构件19u和下部引导构件19l具有正方形横截面,选择性地带有倒圆边缘。当医用装置3处于位置1时,上部引导构件19u和下部引导构件19l位于装置安装构件和引导构件19下方。上部引导构件19u和下部引导构件19l的长度足以使得在降低装置安装构件时能够与引导构件19接触。在顶部部分14内部和下部部分16之间放置有直径大致等于下部部分16外径的螺旋弹簧25。螺旋弹簧25可附接至顶部部分14的内表面和/或圆形顶部表面7。此外,螺旋弹簧25可靠在和/或附接在远侧表面上,例如下部部分14的壁的顶部表面20上。当插入装置处于位置1时,螺旋弹簧25处于基本松弛的状态或者接近松弛的状态。螺旋弹簧25的作用提供顶部部分14和下部部分16之间近乎最大的分离,同时提供顶部部分14和下部部分16的组合腔体的近乎最大的容积,并且使医用装置保持就位,穿透部件9指向上方,即根据图1的位置1。
图3D示出了处于与图1E中所示的第四位置相对应的完全插入位置的插入装置,其中医用装置3已经旋转180°,穿透部件9和本体5从顶部部分14和下部部分16伸出,并且穿透部件9将会在该插入装置紧靠着患者皮肤时完全插入。当施加力时,例如通过沿插入方向在顶部部分14上施加抵抗下部部分16的压力时,螺旋弹簧25将被给予能量并且在顶部表面7和下部部分16的壁的顶部表面20之间压缩。由于顶部部分14和下部部分16已经朝向彼此运动,因此使得主腔体35的容积最小。其上附接有包括引导构件19的装置固定构件的旋转/枢转轴27已经沿着装置插入的方向向下移动至引导槽10的下端部10l,并且已经经过上部引导构件19u和下部引导构件19l。引导构件19、19u、19l与旋转/枢转构件27、18、29的相继或组合作用和相互作用,与向前运动结合,已经提供了医用装置3大致180°的枢转/旋转,同时提供有纵向运动。因此,引导构件19现在处于上部引导构件19u和下部引导构件19l下方。如在图3D的实施例中所示,位于装置安装构件18上的引导构件19与引导构件19l彼此接触。
螺旋弹簧25根据其功能进行选择并设定尺寸。螺旋弹簧25的一个功能是提供足够的能量以在插入医用装置3的穿透部件9之后使顶部部分14和下部部分16分开。根据本发明的一个实施例,螺旋弹簧25提供足够的能量以在插入后使医用装置3与插入装置分开,并且选择性地使装置安装构件18和枢转/旋转轴27返回到初始位置,或者返回到靠近初始位置的位置,例如返回到图1中的位置A和B。根据本发明的另一个实施例,螺旋弹簧25还提供足够的能量以便使穿透针头13在插入患者体内之后缩回。
图4示出了与枢转/旋转轴27垂直的纵向横截面视图。图4示出了与图3所示的相似实施例,但是是从与图3的视角垂直的角度来看的。在图4中,详细地示出了相应引导构件和枢转/旋转构件的上述作用和相互作用。
插入装置1包括顶部部分14与下部部分16,其中顶部部分14比下部部分16宽并且顶部部分14与下部部分16至少部分地交叠。它们的形状(与插入装置的纵向轴线垂直的横截面)可能是圆筒形、椭圆形、矩形,或者包括圆形和线性轮廓的组合。在本发明的一个实施例中,横截面是旋转对称的,或者关于至少一个对角线对称,例如镜像对称(未示出)。
图4基本上示出了和图3一样的部件。然而,在这个实施例中,装置安装构件18包括引导构件19,该引导构件19包括三个不同的圆形突起:第一突起19a、第二突起19b和第三突起19c。第二突起19b比第一突起19a和第三突起19c更细长,并且第一突起19a和第三突起19c位于第二突起19b的侧部。第一突起19a和第三突起19c关于第二突起19b对称地定位,突起19b位于中心。第二突起19b的中心线基本上沿着一轴线对准,该轴线与旋转/枢转轴27垂直且贯通旋转/枢转轴27并与穿透部件9对准。所述轴线也是第一突起19a和第三突起19c的对称轴线。
图4A示出了处于第一位置的医用装置3的穿透部件9,穿透部件9在该位置指向上方,从插入方向偏转180°。枢转/旋转轴27位于引导槽10的上端部10u。引导构件19u和19l不与突起19a、19b或19c接触。
图4B示出了处于指向与插入方向成大约135°的方向的位置的医用装置3的穿透部件9。这个位置是这样获得的,即在顶部部分14上施加向下的力时,由此沿着插入方向引导枢转/旋轴27,并且将这种向前运动与枢转侧向引导结合,该枢转侧向引导提供大致20°-70°或者大约45°的旋转运动(顺时针方向)。枢转/旋转轴27已经沿着引导构件10向下运动,并且现在处于引导构件10上三分之一附近。现在中心突起19b与引导构件19u相互作用和/或接触,并且位于引导构件19u和引导构件19l之间。突起19a和19b都与引导构件19u相互作用和/或接触,引导构件19u位于突起19a和19b之间。
图4C示出了上述进一步向下的力使医用装置3和装置安装构件18枢转/旋转大致90°。在这个位置,引导构件19u和19l与突起19a、b和c相互作用。明显的是,引导构件19u和19l之间的距离优选地等于或大于突起19b的宽度。同样,突起19a和突起19b之间的距离以及突起19b和突起19c之间的距离优选地分别等于或大于引导构件19u和引导构件19l的直径。
图4D示出了通过上述引导构件19u和19l与突起19a、19b和19c结合的作用和相互作用,上述进一步向下的力导致进一步的枢转/旋转运动。当穿透构件与插入方向对准时停止旋转,在所示的实施例中,是在进一步进行90°旋转/枢转运动之后停止旋转,使得总的旋转/枢转运动是180°。最后的90°转动是通过主突起19b、子突起19c和所述突起之间的槽与下部引导构件19l的相互作用实现的。如图所示,沿插入方向的进一步向下的力将使穿透部件沿期望的插入方向纵向插入。纵向插入运动的长度由所施加的向下的力和引导槽10的长度控制,其中引导槽的底部10l选择性地与可选构件(未示出也未说明)结合以确定插入的剩余长度。
图5示出了保护和遮挡医用装置3及其穿透部件9不被看见和不被触及的构件。一个或多个保护构件21通过附接构件22附接至插入装置1的内表面。在触发插入装置1的情况下,也就是在医用装置3的插入过程中,保护构件21从遮挡开口2的位置移动到允许医用装置3通过的位置。这种运动包括一个或多个相继地或同时地或者以重叠方式进行的纵向、旋转或枢转运动。所需的触发构件未示出。在图5B中,保护构件21向上枢转,从而允许医用装置3通过。
图6示出了根据本发明的用于插入医用装置3的插入装置1的实施例的横截面。该横截面沿着插入方向,即与皮肤的表面60垂直的方向,横穿旋转/枢转轴27的长度和穿透部件9。
诸如厚度和高度的各种形状和尺寸是示意性地示出的。在图6A中,可以看到准备好应用/插入的插入装置1,包括本体5和穿透部件9的医用装置3指向上方,即远离患者指向。插入装置1包括一构件,该构件用于(i)提供医用装置3的枢转/旋转运动,接着是(ii)医用装置3沿穿透部件9的插入方向的纵向运动。
在本发明的一个实施例中,医用装置3的枢转/旋转运动与沿插入方向的纵向运动一起发生。在本发明的另一个实施例中,设置有旋转构件,该旋转构件提供独立于医用装置3沿插入方向的纵向运动的医用装置3的旋转/枢转运动。在另一个实施例中,设置有旋转构件,该旋转构件使得医用装置3从穿透部件9不指向插入方向的初始位置转动/枢转到穿透部件9指向插入方向的第二位置。这种旋转/枢转运动基本上是在医用装置3没有沿插入方向纵向运动的情况下发生的。在完成旋转/枢转运动之后,即当穿透部件9与插入方向对准时,插入构件提供医用装置的穿透部件9的纵向插入。
在图6所示的实施例中,所述插入装置1包括用于提供医用装置3的枢转/旋转运动以及医用装置3的纵向运动的构件。所述构件包括顶部部分14、下部部分16、枢转部件31、竖直的装置安装构件18v、水平的装置安装构件18h、贯通轴27、第一枢轴41和第二枢轴43,其中所述顶部部分14构成图6A中所示的也就是当插入装置靠着患者皮肤但还未插入时插入装置的上部,所述下部部分16构成图6A中实际接触患者皮肤的下部。下部部分16、枢转部件31和竖直的装置安装构件18v都包括有该图中未示出的槽(分别为16s、31s和18s)。插入装置的实施例关于由插入方向限定的、基本上与皮肤的表面60垂直的轴线对称。虽然所示出的不是作为一个部件的组成部分,但是顶部部分14和下部部分16可以是两个单独的零件或者是同一零件的组成部分。竖直的装置安装构件18v也可以是两个单独的零件或者是同一零件的组成部分。此外,竖直的装置安装构件18v和水平的装置安装构件18h可以包含一个、两个或更多个零件。在一个实施例中,顶部部分14和下部部分16可以是圆筒形形状,类似于图3中所示的实施例。贯通轴27横穿并连接顶部部分14、下部部分16、枢转部件31和竖直的装置安装构件18v。第一枢轴41穿过下部部分16和枢转部件3L第二枢轴43穿过枢转部件31和竖直的装置安装构件18v。相应轴的附接构件未示出。在一个实施例中,设置有一个或多个旋转构件以实现一个或多个轴的旋转。在另一个实施例中,一个或多个轴永久地连接至包括顶部部分14、下部部分16、枢转部件31或竖直的装置安装构件18v的组中的至少一个部件。
在所示的实施例中,贯通轴27、第一枢轴41和第二枢轴43彼此平行,并且与顶部部分14、下部部分16、枢转部件31和竖直的装置安装构件18v垂直。在另一个实施例中,贯通轴27、第一枢轴41或者第二枢轴43彼此不平行。在进一步的实施例中,从包括顶部部分14、下部部分16、枢转部件31和竖直的装置安装构件18v的组中选择的至少一个或多个部件不与所述组中至少一个其它部件平行。
在这个实施例中,提供旋转以及纵向运动的所述构件的顺序是(从插入装置的外侧到内侧):顶部部分14、下部部分16、枢转部件31、竖直的装置安装构件18v、水平的装置安装构件18h。在另一个实施例中,所述构件的顺序可以是不同的,并且第一枢轴41和第二枢轴43可以穿过其它的部分和/或部件,以及/或者贯通轴27可以不穿过上面列出的所有部件。
此外,在图6所示的实施例中,插入装置1包括一附接在下部部分16的下端部的软部件61。该软部件61的功能是用作下部部分16的硬部分和患者皮肤表面60之间的缓冲器,从而减少使用者的不适。这个缓冲器作用包括更均匀的压力分布,以及在使用比皮肤体表温度低的装置时减少患者的不适。在本发明的另一个实施例中,可以没有软部件61。
在图6B中,图6A中所示的医用装置1现在处于这样一个位置,即在该位置医用装置3已经施加到患者身上,并且穿透部件9或者所述穿透部件9的一部分已经穿透患者皮肤的表面60。可以看到,仅仅只有下部部分16、枢转部件31以及第一枢轴41和第二枢轴43处于基本上与图6A中相同的位置。装置安装构件18v和18h已经绕贯通轴27旋转180°,从而医用装置3也已经绕贯通轴27旋转180°。这是这样实现的,即通过按压顶部部分14而施加力,由此该力的大部分会传递到贯通轴27上,然后该贯通轴27使得枢转部件31绕第一枢轴41进行枢转运动,从而引起装置安装构件18的旋转。现在所示的缓冲器部件61处于压缩位置,并且该医用装置3的表面本体5与患者皮肤的表面60接触。
在图7和8中以及下面的详细说明部分将更加详细地描述导致装置安装构件18h、18v和医用装置3旋转和纵向运动的相互作用。
图7示出了图6所示的插入装置1的实施例中构件的另一个视图(A:顶部部分14;B:下部部分16;C:枢转部件31;D:装置安装构件18v和18h)。水平的装置安装构件18h只显示出一小部分,而医用装置则未显示。位置I-VI是:
I:初始位置;
II:装置安装构件18v、18h的~45°转动;
III:装置安装构件18v、18h的~90°转动;
IV:装置安装构件18v、18h的~135°转动;
V:装置安装构件18v、18h的180°转动;
Vl:终点位置(插入)。
位置I和Vl分别与图6A和6B中所示的位置相对应。观测方向是从插入装置1的中心并与贯通轴27平行。不同部件的枢转/旋转运动变得明显,并且可以看到其各自距皮肤表面60的距离。为清楚起见,所述构件的形状和外部尺寸是随意选择的。在进一步的实施例中,外部部分14设有手柄(未示出),从而便于插入装置1的应用。
在图7A中变得明显的是,通过向下(即沿插入和患者的方向)推动顶部部分14,贯通轴27也被向下推动。在所示的实施例中,顶部部分14具有与贯通轴27等宽或比贯通轴27更宽的开口。可以看出,贯通轴27朝向下端部(即面向患者的端部)附接。在所示的实施例中,该轴是固定的。在另一个实施例中,该轴可以旋转。位置I是初始位置,在该位置外部部分14离患者的表面60最远。在位置VI,外部部分14最靠近患者。
图7B示出了下部部分16不移动,并且下部部分16与患者皮肤的表面60保持接触。可以看到贯通轴27在控制槽16s中的六个位置(I-VI)。朝向下部部分16的上端部、在控制槽16s上方设置有用于附接第一枢轴41的开口。在所示的实施例中,该开口比第一枢轴41的直径宽,并且所述第一枢轴41能够在所述开口中旋转。在另一个实施例中,第一枢轴41不能旋转。沿着插入方向在下部部分16中设置有与插入方向平行的控制槽16s。贯通轴27被所述控制槽16s包围,并且在顶部部分14和贯通轴27附接时控制顶部部分14的运动长度。槽的长度比插入的长度长。
图7C示出了枢转部件31包括引导槽31s,贯通轴27可在该引导槽内上下移动。在引导槽31s上方设置第一枢轴41,并且枢转部件31可绕枢轴41枢转/旋转。在一个实施例中,第一枢轴41附接至下部部分16,并且枢转部件31包括用于枢轴41的开口或轴承。在另一个实施例中,第一枢轴41附接至枢转部件31。引导槽31s除弯曲的初始部分外都是笔直的。引导槽31s充分地弯曲,使得能够设置第二枢轴43,所述第二枢轴43定位成在枢轴41、引导槽31s的上部初始点和引导槽31s的笔直下部部分之间基本成一直线。明显的是向下推动外部部分14引起贯通轴27的向下运动,通过下部部分16的控制槽16s被纵向地向下引导。枢转部件31通过第一枢轴41与下部部分16连接。贯通轴27的向下运动引起枢转部件31的枢转运动(位置II),该枢转运动在位置III处达到最大,在位置III处引导槽31s最大地弯曲偏离引导槽31s的初始点和终点之间的直线。朝向底部的进一步向下运动使枢转减小(位置IV)。当贯通轴到达引导槽31s的笔直下部部分并向下运动时,枢转部件31的枢转运动已经停止(位置V-Vl)。
图7D示出了水平的装置安装构件18h和竖直的装置安装构件18v从初始位置I到插入后的位置Vl的旋转和纵向运动。竖直的装置安装构件18v在位置I上指向上方,在位置V和VI上指向下方,即指向患者皮肤的表面。竖直的装置安装构件18v包括用于第二枢轴43的纵向引导槽18s和宽度足以包围贯通轴27的开口。贯通轴27的向下运动提供枢转部件31的枢转运动,从而也提供第二枢轴43的枢转运动。在位置II上可以看出,随后提供水平的装置安装构件18h和竖直的装置安装构件18v的旋转/枢转运动。在位置III上,水平的装置安装构件18h和竖直的装置安装构件18v已经转动大约90°,在位置IV上已经转动大约135°,在位置V和VI上已经转动~180°。显而易见的是转动速度基本上由贯通轴27和第二枢轴43之间的角度来确定(比较图7C和7D)。贯通轴27和第二枢轴43之间的距离在从位置I到位置Vl期间是变化的。引导槽18s的长度比插入的长度(位置V和Vl之间的差值)长。
图8示出了插入装置的实施例在上述图7中所示的6个不同位置(I-VI)的另一个视图。横截面的方向和视图与图6A和图6B中所示的横截面相一致,分别与图7中的位置I至Vl相对应。

Claims (37)

1.一种插入装置(1),用于将穿透部件(9)插入患者的皮下部位和/或肌肉部位,所述插入装置(1)包括包围所述穿透部件(9)的壳体(15),所述壳体包括顶部部分(14)和下部部分(16),其中所述插入装置(1)包括枢转构件(27、31、41、43)和引导构件(10、19、16s、31s、18s),所述枢转构件(27、31、41、43)和所述引导构件(10、19、16s、31s、18s)提供所述穿透部件(9)从第一位置到第二位置到第三位置的一个或多个枢转运动,在所述第一位置所述穿透部件(9)不指向插入方向,在所述第二位置所述穿透部件(9)与所述插入方向对准,在所述第三位置所述穿透部件(9)从所述壳体(15)伸出并且所述穿透部件(9)沿插入方向对准,其特征在于,所述引导构件(10、19、16s、31s、18s)用于提供所述穿透部件(9)从所述第二位置到所述第三位置的纵向运动。
2.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置,其特征在于,所述枢转构件(27、31、41、43)和所述引导构件(10、19、16s、31s、18s)通过纵向运动提供第四位置,在所述第四位置所述穿透部件(9)完全插入患者体内,所述纵向运动的长度等于或大于所述穿透部件(9)的长度。
3.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述枢转构件包括一个或多个轴(27)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,轴(27)横穿所述顶部部分(14)和所述下部部分(16)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述轴(27)由一个贯通部件构成。
6.根据权利要求4所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述轴(27)由两个或更多个零件构成。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述轴(27)附接有装置安装构件(18),并且装置安装构件(18)和轴(27)具有同一旋转中心。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述枢转构件包括一个或多个枢轴(41、43)和一个或多个枢转部件(31)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,第一枢轴(41)横穿所述下部部分(16)和枢转部件(31),并且所述第一枢轴(41)是所述枢转部件(31)的旋转中心。
10.根据权利要求9所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,第二枢轴(43)横穿所述枢转部件(31)和所述装置安装构件(18)。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述引导构件包括一个或多个引导槽(10、16s、18s)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述引导槽(10,16s)设置在所述下部部分(16)上,所述引导槽(10,16s)与所述插入方向平行并且其长度等于或大于所述纵向运动的长度。
13.根据权利要求12所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述引导槽(10,16s)包围所述轴(27),并且限制所述轴(27)和所述下部部分(14)的纵向运动的长度。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述引导槽(31s)设置在枢转部件(31)中,所述引导槽(31s)包括朝向所述枢转部件(31)上部的弯曲部分和长度等于或大于所述纵向运动的长度的笔直部分,所述引导槽(31s)包围所述轴(27)并限制所述轴(27)的运动。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述引导槽(18s)设置在所述装置安装构件(18)的竖直部分(18v)中,所述引导槽(18s)的长度等于或大于所述纵向运动的长度,所述引导槽(18s)包围所述第二枢轴(43)并且限制所述第二枢轴(43)的运动。
16.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,沿所述插入方向在所述顶部部分(14)上施加向下的力通过以下相互作用提供所述医用装置(3)的旋转:由所述下部部分(16)的引导槽(16s)引导的所述轴(27)和所述枢转部件(31)的引导槽(31s)的相互作用,以及由所述枢转部件(31)引导的所述第一枢轴(41)和所述第二枢轴(43)与所述装置安装构件(18)的竖直部分(18v)上的引导槽(18s)的相互作用。
17.根据权利要求7-15中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述引导构件(19)包括一个或多个设置在所述装置安装构件(18)上的圆形突起(19a、19b、19c),所述突起(19a、19b、19c)远离所述插入方向延伸。
18.根据权利要求17所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述引导构件(19)包括主突起(19b),所述主突起(19b)的侧部对称地具有两个子突起(19a、19c),所述主突起(19b)沿与所述轴(27)垂直的轴线与所述穿透部件(9)对准。
19.根据权利要求17或18所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述插入装置包括上部引导构件(19u)和下部引导构件(19l),并且所述上部引导构件(19u)和所述下部引导构件(19l)从所述下部部分(16)的内表面延伸。
20.根据权利要求17-19中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,当在所述顶部部分(14)上施加向下的力时,所述突起(19a、19b、19c)与所述上部引导构件(19u)和所述下部引导构件(19l)之间的相互作用提供所述医用装置(3)的旋转。
21.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述穿透部件(9)包括插管(11)和/或导入针头(13)。
22.根据权利要求21所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述导入针头(13)是所述插入装置的一部分,并且在所述穿透部件(9)插入后所述导入针头(13)从所述医用装置(3)上移除。
23.根据权利要求22所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述枢转构件(27、31、41、43)和所述引导构件(10、19、16s、31s、18s)通过选择性地伴随有枢转或旋转运动的纵向运动来提供第五位置,在所述第五位置所述导入针头(13)通过所述穿透部件(9)缩回。
24.根据权利要求23所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述枢转构件(27、31、41、43)和所述引导构件(10、19、16s、31s、18s)通过一个或多个线性运动和一个或多个枢转运动提供第五位置,在所述第五位置所述导入针头(13)缩入所述壳体(15)。
25.根据权利要求22或23所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述导入针头(13)在缩入所述壳体(15)之后不再可见。
26.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述穿透部件(9)是医用装置(3)的一部分。
27.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述医用装置(3)是传感器、输注部件或者用于流体注射的流道/端口装置。
28.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述插入装置是单次使用的(一次性的)。
29.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述插入装置用于重复使用。
30.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述插入装置用于同时地或相继地插入不同的医用装置。
31.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述插入装置能够在使用前、使用后或使用之间进行清洗、杀菌和/或消毒。
32.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述穿透部件(9)位于所述插入装置“中心”位置或“偏心”位置。
33.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述插入装置(1)包括附加的盖和/或保护构件(4、21)。
34.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,插入中心轴线与所述插入装置的中心轴线平行。
35.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述穿透部件(9)的插入中心方向基本上与患者的皮肤表面垂直即具有大约0°的插入角αins,或者具有0°<αins<90°、10°<αins<80°或20°<αins<70°的插入角。
36.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述插入装置的中心轴线基本上与患者的皮肤表面垂直即具有大约0°的中心轴线角αcenter,或者具有0°<αcenter<90°、10°<αcenter<80°或30°<αcenter<60°的中心轴线角。
37.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的插入装置(1),其特征在于,所述穿透部件(9)的插入方向与所述插入装置的中心轴线平行即具有αdefl=0°的偏转角,或者具有0°<αdefl<90°、10°<αdefl<80°或30°<αdefl<60°的偏转角。
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AU2008277763B2 (en) 2011-11-10

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