CN101775293B - Biological soil conditioner containing phosphogypsum and application thereof - Google Patents
Biological soil conditioner containing phosphogypsum and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a biological soil conditioner containing phosphogypsum and application thereof. The biological soil conditioner is produced by industrialization, can utilize a solid waste of the phosphogypsum generated by phosphorus chemical industry enterprises, such as a phosphate fertilizer plant, a phosphoric acid plant and the like, in a recycling way, reduces the environmental pollution and can also obtain a large amount of beneficial microorganisms. The biological soil conditioner can improve saline-alkali soil, acid soil and coastal beach soil, enhances the productivity of the soil and promotes the growth of crops. The biological soil conditioner is prepared by the following steps of: culturing phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, self azotobacter and photosynthetic bacteria to a culture medium respectively by utilizing the culture medium, directly mixing with the already processed phosphogypsum powder evenly after culturing, adding water, regulating the water content to 35 to 45 percent, stacking for 4 to 7 days at room temperature and carrying out secondary cofermentation; and then, airing until the water content reaches 20 to 30 percent and obtaining a powdery mixture after pulverizing so as to obtain a product.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to biological soil conditioner and the application of a kind of phosphogypsum and multiple beneficial microorganism, be specifically related to a kind of biological soil conditioner and application that improves the phosphogypsum of salt affected soil, sour earth and tidal land soil alkalescence, nutrient and structure.
Background technology:
A large amount of solid slag---the phosphogypsum of generation in Wet-process phosphoric acid (WPPA) and the phosphate fertilizer process, the annual schaumgyps that approximately produces hundred million tons of 1-2.8 in the whole world does not add any processing usually and stacks ground, occupies and waste a large amount of land resourcess, and causes the serious environmental pollution.There are all kinds of phosphatic fertilizer company more than 400 families in China, annual ten thousand tons of the phosphogypsum slag 3000-5000 that produce, and these waste residues are usually unprocessed, stack ground, not only take a large amount of soils, and the pH value is very low simultaneously because of containing the various heavy element, contaminated soil and surrounding environment.The disposal of phosphogypsum all is a serious problem in the world wide at present, about schaumgyps less than 15% is used to make material of construction such as material of construction, brick, decorative sheet, cement, but these material of construction consumptions are limited, and need the second investment bigger, main is because contain natural radioactive element Ra and U etc. in the phosphogypsum, and being used for material of construction can produce serious radiological hazard to the human body of living and live in this class Architectural Equipment.EPA is categorized as phosphogypsum " the natural radio active material (TENORM) that exists of process strengthening ", and forbids utilizing phosphogypsum to produce material of construction since nineteen ninety, European Union since 1992 no longer approval use phosphogypsum production material of construction.Phosphogypsum is made soil improvement agent be used for agricultural, vast market and application prospect are arranged.
China's agricultural is typical resource constraint type industry, in recent years, population growth, urbanization are accelerated, non-agricultural exploitation takies and plough desertification, stony desertification and salinization etc., not only make China's agriculture production benefit reduce, plough and reduce year by year, and cause the exacerbated of resource and ecotope.On the one hand, 1,800,000,000 mu of arable land red lines are to the edge that is broken; On the other hand, China has 14.8 hundred million mu of saltings resources not to be utilized effectively as yet.China's saltings area accounts for 76% of national cultivated area, area, the landlocked saltings of China, restricted by natural condition such as soil alkaline degree, salt water type water quality and arid, natural resources is deficient relatively, the ecosystem is very fragile, as some areas such as northwest arid area, the Yellow River and Huai He River sea plain, east and the Three River Plain.Simultaneously Deposits in Eastern Coastal China has abundant beach resource can not develop and become good farmland kind plant because of containing very high salinity.
Exploitation saltings and coastal beach resource are the strategic demands that ensures national food safety and ecological safety.By on October 31st, 2006, China's cultivated area was 1,800,000,000 2,700 ten thousand mu only, and the situation of observing 1,800,000,000 mu of arable land bottom lines is very severe.When protecting existing the arable land, develop potential land resources, become the great strategic demand of China's agricultural development.Fall into disuse the saltings by development and use, the saltings strategy of administering is changed to the local area ecological comprehensive regulation by simple engineering control, make full use of land resources, developing rural economy, realize ecological, economical, societal benefits unification, have the important strategic meaning ensureing national food safety and national ecological environment security.
China's phosphate fertilizer industry and ten thousand tons of phosphogypsums of the annual by-product 3000-5000 of phosphoric acid industry, the overwhelming majority throws aside, and not only take a large amount of soils and stack, and contaminate environment, allow resource waste.This technology utilization ecological principle as a kind of renewable resources rather than be used as refuse and treat, is developed a circular economy phosphogypsum and the ecological economy.Recycling economy is a kind of economy of respecting and using ecological rule, and it is based upon on the closed flow process basis of " utilization of resources---green product---resource recovery ".New development pattern with the recycling economy representative is generally accepted by international community.Recycling economy turns to practice by the thought aspect in China.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to provide the biological soil conditioner of a kind of phosphogypsum and multiple beneficial microorganism, this biological soil conditioner passes through suitability for industrialized production, industrial residue phosphogypsum is carried out resource recycling, can obtain a large amount of beneficial microorganisms, can improve and improve soil productivity, promote plant growth.
Another object of the present invention provides phosphogypsum and beneficial microorganism biological soil conditioner microbial diversity and improved the biological activity of soil and the application aspect the ecological functions in having improved saline-alkali soil, tidal land soil.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following measure:
A kind of biological soil conditioner of phosphogypsum is characterized in that, this biological soil conditioner is made by following steps:
1) the chemical plant residue phosphogypsum is utilized plant gas or preheating carry out the drying room drying,, regulate pH to 4-5, be dried to water content then and be 20-25% and be crushed to the 200-400 order standby with liming to water content 20-25%;
2) behind the medium sterilization, the control culture temperature is 28-32 ℃, and inoculation earlier accounts for substratum weight 1-5% klebsiella and accounts for substratum weight 1.5-6% clostridium, cultivates 3-4 days; Inoculate the bacillus megaterium that accounts for substratum weight 2-8% and the false monospore bacillus of 2-5%, cultivated 2 days; Inoculate pseudomonas fluorescens that accounts for substratum weight 2-6.5% and the pseudomonas aeruginosa that accounts for substratum weight 2-7%, cultivated 2-3 days; Inoculation at last account for substratum weight 1-8.5% rhodospirillum, account for the azotobacter chroococcum of substratum weight 2-5% and account for the 2-6% cyanobacteria of substratum weight, continue to cultivate 3-5 days;
3) cultivate finish after, be incorporated as the phosphogypsum powder of substratum weight together with the 300-1000 above-mentioned processing doubly of viable bacteria weight, add water and regulate water content to 35-45%, bank up under the room temperature and carried out secondary in 4-7 days and ferment altogether; Dry then (drying or low temperature (less than 40 degree)) dried to water content and reached 20-30%, after the pulverizing powder mixture promptly get product.
The layoutprocedure of substratum is: by weight with 10-30% wheat bran, 8-20% rice bran, 0.5-5% rapeseed cake powder, 0.5-5% groundnut meal, 5-15% Semen Maydis powder, 0-0.8% sal epsom, 0-0.6% ferrous sulfate, 0-0.5% calcium chloride, 0-0.2% potassium primary phosphate, add tap water and be assigned to 100%, control pH is 5-7.
The sterilization process of substratum is: place high-pressure sterilizing pot to sterilize 50-65 minute substratum, temperature is 120-124 ℃ in the maintenance Autoclave, and pressure is 0.08-0.12Mpa; Take out sterilized substratum, be placed on the indoor cooling of aseptic inoculation, and placed 2-3 days; After the cooling, employing method last time is sterilized once again.
After inoculating every kind of bacterial classification, every day, heap turned over 1-2 time.
When fermenting in the step 3), it is piled high 1-1.5 rice, wide 10-20 rice, the Xiao Fangdui of long 15-20 rice, this bigger stockpile helps microbial fermentation, and leavening temperature is higher, improves fermenting speed and ferment effect.
The application of the biological soil conditioner of phosphogypsum of the present invention on improvement saline-alkali soil, sour earth and tidal land soil.
At first with chemical plant residue phosphogypsum drying, regulate pH to 4-5 with liming, drying and crushing is to the 200-400 order then, and the beneficial microorganism that heel ferments mixes.
Cultivate phosphate solubilizing bacteria (pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa), potassium solubilizing bacteria (false monospore bacillus, bacillus megaterium), self vinelandii (klebsiella, clostridium, azotobacter chroococcum), photosynthetic bacterium (rhodospirillum, cyanobacteria) respectively to substratum with substratum, temperature, humidity, the pH condition of control substratum, pass to sterile air, after the cultivation, directly mix with the phosphogypsum powder of having handled well, and fill up moisture, carry out secondary and ferment altogether.
The present invention adopts sequencing inoculation different strains, be because have the azotobacter chroococcum of nitrogen fixation, klebsiella, rhodospirillum and cyanobacteria are to the compound nitrogen sensitivity in the growing environment, compound nitrogen such as ammonium nitrogen are being arranged, under the existence of nitric nitrogen and amino nitrogen, suppress the growth of these nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, and peanut powder in the substratum among the present invention and rapeseed cake powder contain a certain amount of protein, these protein can influence growing of nitrogen-fixing microorganism, but other microorganism such as pseudomonas fluorescens among the present invention, pseudomonas aeruginosa, false monospore bacillus, the nitrogen compound that the bacillus megaterium necessary for growth is certain, otherwise poor growth, therefore earlier these are needed the microbial inoculant of nitrogenous compound to cultivate, allow it consume nitrogenous compound in culture medium, and then inoculation nitrogen-fixing microorganism, so neither influence the growth of non-nitrogen-fixing microorganism, do not influence the growth of nitrogen-fixing microorganism, harmonious coordination development each other yet.
Advantage of the present invention:
Because the contained principal element of phosphogypsum is not only harmless but also useful to crop.It can improve the saltings, improves the soil seepage rate, is again the modifying agent of subsoils such as southern characteristic of acid red soil and yellow earth.Phosphogypsum tool acidity, in can be directly and the alkalescence in saltings, a large amount of calcium ions in the phosphogypsum can be the aluminium on the characteristic of acid red soil colloidal solid simultaneously, iron ion exchanges, thereby reduced because displacement property tart such as ferro-aluminum produce and the excess of aluminum element to the harm of crop, and calcic in the phosphogypsum, sulphur, silicon, plant nutrients such as phosphorus, can increase the nutrient in the soil, promote plant growth, the most important thing is, contain a large amount of calcium in the phosphogypsum, can will cause on saline-alkali soil and the tidal land soil colloid that a large amount of sodium ion that soil property worsens exchanges, form stable soil granular colloidal structure, help soil fertilizer, water conservation, ventilation, insulations etc., the productivity of raising soil can improve output and the quality of farm crop.
The application considers that simultaneously the microorganism biological in saline-alkali soil and the tidal land soil is active and species diversity is very low, after therefore phosphogypsum suitably being handled, adds the multiple microorganism of specific function, makes biological soil conditioner, better effects if.
A large amount of earlier the cultivation obtained phosphate solubilizing bacteria (pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorecens), pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas auroginosa)), potassium solubilizing bacteria (false monospore bacillus (Psedomonas spp), bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium)), self vinelandii (klebsiella (Klebesia), clostridium (Bacillus claustradium), azotobacter chroococcum (Azotobacter vinelandii)), photosynthetic bacterium (rhodospirillum (Rhodospirillum spp), cyanobacteria (Cyanobacterium spp)) and meta-bolites, and then mix with the phosphogypsum of pulverizing by a certain percentage, bank up and carry out common fermentation 4-7 days, these mixtures with useful living microorganism and meta-bolites are used as biological soil conditioner, can improve saline-alkali soil, coastal beach soil, acid soil has very high economic worth and good prospects for application.
Phosphogypsum and each function probiotics have synergy among the present invention, and its concrete function and effect are as follows: phosphogypsum improves than more comprehensive nutrient, as mineral nutrient elements such as calcium, phosphorus, sulphur, magnesium, silicon for these microbial growths.Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorecens), pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas auroginosa)) can be disliked at environment and be decomposed insoluble phosphorus in soil and the phosphogypsum under the adverse condition, discharge titanium pigment, thereby increase soil and plant phosphorus attainment branch are made for thing and the growth of other soil organisms utilizes.Potassium solubilizing bacteria (false monospore bacillus (Psedomonas spp), bacillus megaterium (Bacillusmegaterium)) has very strong resistance, can be very sour and survive in alkali and the nutrition barren environment very much, can utilize the nutrient life of the denier in soil and the gypsum, can decompose insoluble potassium-bearing mineral in the soil, discharge soluble potassium, for soil microorganisms and growth and development of plants; Constituted the conversion person of the required mineral nutrient of biological growth in phosphogypsum and the soil together with phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
Self vinelandii (klebsiella (Klebesia), clostridium (Bacillus claustradium) and azotobacter chroococcum (Azotobacter vinelandii)) etc. belong to anaerobism or amphimicrobe, strong especially to environment resistance, it is autotrophic microorganism, at the contrary seawater of extreme evil, survive on the desert soil, do not need organic nutrient, do not need nitrogenous compound, can directly utilize airborne molecule nitrogen, synthesizing amino acid, protein and other nitrogenous compound, except that self utilizes, also be secreted into and supply other microorganism and plant-growth utilization in the environment, be equivalent to the natural nitrogen fertilizer plant in the soil; Simultaneously can also secrete some growth-promoting substances, promote the growth of other microorganism and plant.
Photosynthetic bacterium (rhodospirillum (Rhodospirillum spp) and cyanobacteria (Cyanobacterium spp)) is the life form that occurs the earliest on the earth, can be extremely barren, extremely dislike existence tenaciously in the contrary ecotope, at soil, seawater, fresh water, sewage, can both survive in acid soil and saltings, can utilize simple inorganic nutrients in the phosphogypsum, the required nutritive substance of synthetic self growth, particularly airborne nitrogen can be converted into nutrient materials such as amino acid and protein, except confession self growth needs, soil microorganisms and plant-growth needs also are provided, this quasi-microorganism is also secreted the plant growth stimulating material in addition, promote the growth of plant, secrete some antibacterial substances simultaneously, suppress harmful microbe growth in the soil.All these microorganisms constitute a good little ecosystem, have improved microbial diversity in saline-alkali soil, the tidal land soil and have improved the biological activity and the ecological functions of soil.
The various microorganisms of cultivating among the present invention reach the biological soil conditioner application of doing saltings, coastal beach, acid soil with the mixture of phosphogypsum.
The present invention utilizes phosphogypsum and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa), potassium solubilizing bacteria (bacillus megaterium, false monospore bacillus), self vinelandii (klebsiella, azotobacter chroococcum, clostridium), photosynthetic bacterium (rhodospirillum, cyanobacteria) produces biological soil conditioner, by manually with phosphate solubilizing bacteria (pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa), potassium solubilizing bacteria (bacillus megaterium, false monospore bacillus), self vinelandii (klebsiella, azotobacter chroococcum, clostridium), photosynthetic bacterium (rhodospirillum, cyanobacteria) is inoculated into solid medium after the sterilization, in certain temperature, humidity, under the pH condition, after for some time cultivates, inoculate on the treated phosphogypsum, to contain above-mentioned various beneficial microorganism viable bacteria body, the common culturing mixt of gemma and meta-bolites and phosphogypsum, dry or low temperature (less than 40 degree) oven dry, pulverize and make powdery product.
The present invention utilizes phosphate fertilizer plant's residue phosphogypsum to produce the biological soil conditioning agent, and the residue phosphogypsum resource recycling that its maximum characteristics are phosphatization factories reduces environmental pollution.Utilize the microbiological processes technology to realize industrialization, large-scale production simultaneously, the easy artificial regulatory of working condition and production process, quality is controlled easily, and product can carry out serialization, mass production.This soil redeposition has not only solved and has perplexed phosphorous chemical industry enterprise residue phosphogypsum exhaust emission problem of environment for a long time, and can improve saline-alkali soil, coastal beach soil and acid soil, increase land resources, improve soil productivity, have very high economic worth and good prospects for application.
The biological soil conditioner made from phosphogypsum and beneficial microorganism can provide saline-alkali soil, coastal beach soil and a large amount of calcium ion of acid soil, the sodium ion that soil property worsens that causes in the soil colloids such as saline-alkali soil can be exchanged, thereby improve the stability and the agglomeration of soil colloid, improve saline-alkali soil greatly, the crumb structure of coastal beach and sour earth, improved guarantor's fertilizer of soil, water conservation, insulation and buffering ability, simultaneously owing to contain a large amount of phosphate solubilizing bacterias in this product, beneficial microorganisms such as potassium solubilizing bacteria and self vinelandii and photosynthetic bacterium, can be saline-alkali soil, coastal beach soil etc. provides quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus, the needed a large amount of nutrients of plant growths such as potassium, also safeguard the soil micro-ecosystem balance, improve species diversity in the soil, also contain a large amount of calcium in addition in the product, sulphur, phosphorus, the necessary element of plant growths such as silicon, thereby promote plant growth greatly, thereby be a kind of good saline-alkali soil, coastal beach, the bioremediation agents of acid soil, and it is effective, pollute few, do not injure natural enemy, environmental friendliness helps the human kind sustainable development and the eubiosis.
The biological soil conditioner that adopts the present invention to produce is compared with existing chemical improvement agent, does not need high temperature, high pressure, high poison, and raw materials for production are nontoxic, do not have inflammable and explosive raw and auxiliary material, and method is easy, does not have poisonous fume, waste liquid and waste residue in the production process and produces; Product application simultaneously is behind environment, and is free from environmental pollution, solved the chemical plant owing to stack the environmental pollution that phosphogypsum causes; The method of producing biological soil conditioner with phosphogypsum and relevant beneficial microorganism has not yet to see open report.Phosphogypsum among the present invention can be from all phosphate fertilizer plants, phosphoric acid factory obtains, used beneficial microorganism comprises phosphate solubilizing bacteria (pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa), potassium solubilizing bacteria (bacillus megaterium, false monospore bacillus), self vinelandii (klebsiella, azotobacter chroococcum, clostridium), photosynthetic bacterium (rhodospirillum, cyanobacteria) can be from Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, DSMZ of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong University, Wuhan University, Fudan University, colleges and universities and scientific research institutions' purchases such as Nanjing Information engineering Univ also can be bought from relevant agriculture university.
Embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with example:
Example one:
1,, comprises cultivation pool, koji tray, plastics bag, culturing room and cultivate room air with the culture environment thorough disinfection.
2, with substratum be by weight percentage: 10-30% wheat bran, 8-20% rice bran, 0.5-5% rapeseed cake powder, 0.5-5% groundnut meal, 5-15% Semen Maydis powder, 0-0.8% sal epsom, 0-0.6% ferrous sulfate, 0-0.5% calcium chloride, 0-0.2% potassium primary phosphate, be assigned to 100% with tap water, control pH is 5-7,, make solid medium; Solid medium is placed cultivation pool, koji tray or plastics bag.
3, packed above-mentioned raw materials is placed high-pressure sterilizing pot carried out high-temperature sterilization 50-60 minute, temperature is 121 ℃ in the maintenance Autoclave, and pressure is 0.15MPa.
4, take out sterilized packed substratum, be placed on the indoor cooling of aseptic inoculation, and placed 2-3 days.
5, will place 2-3 days the packed substratum of sterilization once more high-temperature sterilization once, method is killed the spore of surviving in sterilization process last time with 3, cooling.
6, behind the medium sterilization, the control culture temperature is 28-32 ℃, and inoculation earlier accounts for substratum weight 1-5% klebsiella and accounts for substratum weight 1.5-6% clostridium, cultivates 3-4 days;
Inoculate the bacillus megaterium that accounts for substratum weight 2-8% and account for the false monospore bacillus of substratum weight 2-5%, cultivated 2 days;
Inoculate pseudomonas fluorescens that accounts for substratum weight 2-6.5% and the pseudomonas aeruginosa that accounts for substratum weight 2-7%, cultivated 2-3 days;
Last inoculation simultaneously account for substratum weight 1-8.5% rhodospirillum, account for the azotobacter chroococcum of substratum weight 2-5% and account for the 2-6% cyanobacteria of substratum weight, continue to cultivate 3-5 days; Be placed on during cultivation on the cultivation pool of culturing room or the culturing rack and cultivate, cultivate, after inoculation, plastics bag is evenly punched as plastics bag.
7, in cultivating klebsiella and clostridium process, do not stir substratum, because they are anaerobions, to oxygen sensitive, but when cultivating other microorganism, should stir 1-2 every day and stir plastics bag or koji tray, so that substratum is evenly ventilative, make full use of culture material in order to klebsiella and the even growth of clostridium.And self Azotobacter need not the turning ventilation in anaerobism or amphimicrobe in stacking culturing process.
8, cultivate finish after, be incorporated as the phosphogypsum powder of substratum together with viable bacteria gross weight 300-1000 above-mentioned processing doubly, add water and regulate water content to 35-45%, carried out common fermentation under the room temperature in composting 4-7 days; To promote beneficial microorganism further breeding and expansion quantity, promote the conversion of relevant nutrient in the phosphogypsum simultaneously, and allow beneficial microorganism adapt to the phosphogypsum environment gradually.
Make Xiao Fangdui when banking up, the high about 1-1.5 rice of heap, the about 10-15 rice of bottom width, be about 15-20 rice, at room temperature carry out various microorganisms and cultivated altogether 4-7 days, together with culture medium, viable bacteria body, gemma, meta-bolites mixing, dry then, keep the about 20-30% of last moisture, get powder mixture after the pulverizing and be the finished product.
Embodiment two:
When making substratum among the present invention: with 20Kg wheat bran, 15Kg rice bran, 3Kg rapeseed cake powder, 4Kg groundnut meal, 15Kg Semen Maydis powder, 0.5Kg sal epsom, 0.2Kg ferrous sulfate, 0.1Kg calcium chloride, 0.2Kg potassium primary phosphate, tap water 42Kg, make water content and be 42% solid medium, substratum gross weight 100Kg, pH are 5.8.
Wherein the inoculum size of various bacterium is:
Inoculation klebsiella 5Kg and clostridium 3Kg cultivated 3 days earlier;
Inoculate the false monospore bacillus of bacillus megaterium 6Kg and 5Kg, cultivated 2 days;
Pseudomonas fluorescens 6Kg that inoculates and pseudomonas aeruginosa 5Kg cultivated 3 days;
Inoculate rhodospirillum 8Kg, azotobacter chroococcum 4Kg and cyanobacteria 5Kg at last simultaneously, cultivated 4 days.
After the cultivation, add-on is the phosphogypsum powder Secondary Fermentation that 930Kg handled, and other process gets product with embodiment 1.
Application example of the present invention:
With the phosphogypsum that makes among the present invention and the biological soil conditioner of multiple microorganism, be used for the improvement of saline-alkali soil, coastal beach soil and acid soil.
1, generally speaking, at saline and alkaline ground surface soil 0-5cm saltiness 10-20g/kg, on the saline-alkali soil of pH9-11 and saltiness the coastal beach soil greater than 8-25g/kg, 1-2 week before corn, wheat planting, every mu of biological soil conditioner 750-2500kg that spreads fertilizer over the fields the phosphogypsum that the present invention of soil table makes, plough the soil, after planting water sufficient moisture, comparable contrast improves corn, wheat seedling rate and more than the surviving rate 120-260%, plant height increases 15-35%, more than the volume increase 220-450%, show native saltiness and descend more than 30%;
2, on acid soil, plant peanut, rye grass, before plantation 15-20 days, the biological soil conditioner 750-1500kg that every mu of soil surface evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields phosphogypsum of the present invention ploughs then and mixes thoroughly, is using on an equal basis under other composite fertilizer's condition, can improve a soil pH 0.05-0.1 unit, the quick-acting nitrogen of soil improve 30-50%, and soil quick-effective phosphor improves 50-120%, and the soil available potassium improves 45-95%, the crop new root increases 40-60%, and biomass increases 65-140%;
3, under the indoor pot experiment condition, use the biological soil conditioner of the phosphogypsum that the present invention makes by soil weight 0.1-1.0% consumption, mix thoroughly with basin soil, the plantation rape, peanut, soybean, paddy rice, corn, cotton, cucumber, watermelon, capsicum, Chinese cabbage, broad bean, crops such as rye grass, after planting 30-45 days, the plant plant height is compared respectively according to increasing by 35%, 28%, 46%, 27%, 38%, 18%, 32%, 24%, 27%, 33%, 68% etc., biomass (plant complete stool fresh weight) increases by 18% respectively, 13%, 25%, 15%, 13%, 16%, 10%, 12%, 20%, 26% etc.
Claims (3)
1. the biological soil conditioner of a phosphogypsum is characterized in that, this biological soil conditioner is made by following steps:
1) with the residue phosphogypsum drying in chemical plant, regulate pH to 4-5 with liming, drying and crushing is standby to the 200-400 order then;
2) behind the medium sterilization, the control culture temperature is 28-32 ℃, and inoculation earlier accounts for the klebsiella (Klebesia) of substratum weight 1-5% and accounts for the clostridium (Bacillus claustradium) of substratum weight 1.5-6%, cultivates 3-4 days; Inoculate bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) that accounts for substratum weight 2-8% and the false monospore bacillus (Pseudomonas spp) that accounts for substratum weight 2-5%, cultivated 2 days; Inoculate pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorecens) that accounts for substratum weight 2-6.5% and the pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) that accounts for substratum weight 2-7%, cultivated 2-3 days; Inoculation at last account for substratum weight 1-8.5% rhodospirillum (Rhodospirillum spp), account for the azotobacter chroococcum (Azotobacter vinelandii) of substratum weight 2-5% and account for the cyanobacteria (Cyanobacterium spp) of the 2-6% of substratum weight, continue cultivation 3-5 days;
3) cultivate finish after, be incorporated as the phosphogypsum powder that substratum was handled together with viable bacteria gross weight 300-1000 step 1) doubly, add water adjusting water content to 35-45%, bank up under the room temperature and carried out secondary in 4-7 days and ferment altogether; Be dried to water content then and reach 20-30%, get powder mixture after the pulverizing and promptly get product;
Wherein, step 2) the culture medium preparation method is in: by weight with 10-30% wheat bran, 8-20% rice bran, 0.5-5% rapeseed cake powder, 0.5-5% groundnut meal, 5-15% Semen Maydis powder, 0-0.8% sal epsom, 0-0.6% ferrous sulfate, 0-0.5% calcium chloride, 0-0.2% potassium primary phosphate, add tap water and be assigned to 100%, control pH is 5-7.
2. the biological soil conditioner of phosphogypsum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2) sterilising method of substratum is in: place Autoclave to carry out high-temperature sterilization 50-65 minute substratum, temperature is 120-124 ℃ in the maintenance Autoclave, and pressure is 0.08-0.12Mpa; Take out sterilized substratum, be placed on the indoor cooling of aseptic inoculation, and placed 2-3 days; After the cooling, employing method last time is sterilized once again.
3. the biological soil conditioner of phosphogypsum according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when fermenting in the step 3), it is piled high 1-1.5 rice, wide 10-20 rice, the Xiao Fangdui of long 15-20 rice.
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| CN105237269A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2016-01-13 | 安徽新中远化工科技有限公司 | Phosphogypsum soil conditioner capable of improving soilmass structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN105075628A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-25 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating apples in saline and alkali land |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101240172A (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2008-08-13 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Mixing soil conditioner and its preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101240172A (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2008-08-13 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Mixing soil conditioner and its preparation method |
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