CN111499471A - Phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111499471A CN111499471A CN202010292738.5A CN202010292738A CN111499471A CN 111499471 A CN111499471 A CN 111499471A CN 202010292738 A CN202010292738 A CN 202010292738A CN 111499471 A CN111499471 A CN 111499471A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by weight: phosphogypsum: 40-55 parts; pine needle: 5-12 parts; eupatorium adenophorum: 6-15 parts; bidens pilosa L: 5-14 parts; green grass: 40-70 parts; raw material saccharifying enzyme: 2-6 parts; sweet wormwood herb: 8-15 parts; oil drying: 20-30 parts of a solvent; quick lime: 5-10 parts; and drying the raw materials, grinding the dried raw materials into powder, uniformly mixing the powder, and fermenting for 7 to 15 days to obtain the phosphogypsum-containing biological organic fertilizer. The invention utilizes the interaction of the sweet wormwood herb and the bidens bipinnata to form compatibility, effectively inhibits the activity of heavy metals in the phosphogypsum, eliminates the toxicity of the phosphogypsum, improves the soil by utilizing the phosphogypsum, improves the utilization rate of the phosphogypsum, has the advantages of comprehensive nutrition, easy absorption of crops, low production cost and no industrial pollution, solves the problem of hardening the soil by chemical fertilizers, and conforms to the agricultural sustainable development road.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production, and particularly relates to a phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The phosphogypsum is a solid waste for producing phosphate fertilizer and phosphoric acid, is a powdery material, has almost no plasticity, and has the main component of CaS04·2H20 and Na2SiF6In addition, the phosphogypsum also contains elements such as arsenic, silver, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium and the like, and residual phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, so the phosphogypsum is acidic. Stacking phosphogypsumNot only occupies a large amount of land, but also causes environmental pollution, so that a reasonable utilization way of the phosphogypsum is necessarily sought to realize sustainable development of phosphate fertilizer industry and high utilization of the phosphogypsum.
In order to solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by phosphogypsum accumulation, the phosphogypsum is applied to the industries of cement industry, building materials, fertilizer industry, agriculture and the like through practical research. However, the influence of harmful heavy metal chemical substances such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury and the like contained in the environment can reach hundreds of years; phosphorus enters a water body, the eutrophication is more serious than nitrogen, and when the content of the phosphorus exceeds the standard, blue algae in the water body explodes to generate eutrophication. Therefore, the application amount of the phosphogypsum is extremely small, the large amount of solid waste residues occupy large-area land, the harmfulness of the phosphogypsum is eliminated, the utilization rate of the phosphogypsum is improved, the ecological environment is protected, and the method is the research key point of the current production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: provides a phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer, removes the toxicity of phosphogypsum, and solves the problems of low utilization rate of the phosphogypsum, land occupation of a large amount of stockpiles and environmental pollution.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
phosphogypsum: 40-55 parts; pine needle: 5-12 parts; eupatorium adenophorum: 6-15 parts; bidens pilosa L: 5-14 parts; green grass: 40-70 parts; raw material saccharifying enzyme: 2-6 parts; sweet wormwood herb: 8-15 parts; oil drying: 20-30 parts of a solvent; quick lime: 5-10 parts.
The preferable scheme of the phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
phosphogypsum: 45 parts of (1); pine needle: 8 parts of a mixture; eupatorium adenophorum: 12 parts of (1); bidens pilosa L: 8 parts of a mixture; green grass: 60 parts; raw material saccharifying enzyme: 5 parts of a mixture; sweet wormwood herb: 12 parts of (1); oil drying: 26 parts of (1); quick lime: 8 parts.
Furthermore, the pine needles, the eupatorium adenophorum spreng, the bidens bipinnata, the green grass and the sweet wormwood adopt fresh plants, the element content is rich, and the drug effect is sufficient.
Further, the grass comprises mountain grass and crop straw, and is used for providing nutrients and flora.
A method for preparing a phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following process flows:
(1) drying folium Pini, herba Eupatorii chinensis, herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, herba Cannabis Prain et Burkill and herba Artemisiae Annuae respectively, and grinding into 50-70 mesh powder;
(2) respectively drying the phosphogypsum and the oil cake, and grinding into powder of 50-70 meshes;
(3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (1) and the powder obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, then respectively adding the raw material saccharifying enzyme and the quicklime, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(4) and (4) fermenting the mixture obtained in the step (3) at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ for 7-15 days to obtain the phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the interaction of the sweet wormwood herb and the bidens bipinnata is utilized to form compatibility, the activity of heavy metal substances in the phosphogypsum is effectively inhibited, heavy metal ions are further converted into insoluble compounds, the toxicity of the phosphogypsum is eliminated, the properties of the soil are improved by the phosphogypsum, and the utilization rate of the phosphogypsum is improved;
(2) the pine needles contain rich elements such as protein, abietic acid, calcium, iron, zinc, selenium and the like, and also contain substances with biological activity such as amino acid, lignan, flavonoid, shikimic acid, volatile oil and the like, so that the pine needles not only provide growth elements for crops, but also have the function of antagonizing heavy metal elements such as mercury, cadmium, lead and the like in soil, and the zinc promotes the synthesis and activation of enzymes, is beneficial to the generation of beneficial flora in a biological organic fertilizer, promotes the decomposition and transformation of organic matters, can directly or indirectly provide various nutrients and stimulating substances for the crops, and promotes and controls the growth of the crops; free carboxyl in protein and heavy metal cation form insoluble compound, volatile oil and abietic acid have synergistic effect, and have antibacterial and detoxicating effects;
(3) the eupatorium adenophorum has the functions of dissolving phosphorus and nitrogen under the catalytic action of saccharifying enzyme so as to prevent water in soil from being polluted, eutrophicated and polluting surface water quality;
(4) the raw material saccharifying enzyme can promote the generation of flora, and the quicklime reacts with water, so that the porosity and permeability exchangeability of soil are improved, the problem of soil hardening is solved, the growth of root systems is promoted, and the effects of killing pests and resisting diseases are achieved;
(5) the biological organic fertilizer produced by the invention mainly provides biological nutrients through plants such as green grass and oil cake, has the advantages of comprehensive nutrition and easy absorption by crops, has low raw material cost, does not produce pollution, solves the problem of soil hardening of chemical fertilizers, and has the advantage of continuous development.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained in detail with reference to examples below so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention.
Example 1
A modified biological organic fertilizer containing phosphogypsum comprises the following components in parts by weight:
phosphogypsum: 45 parts of (1); pine needle: 8 parts of a mixture; eupatorium adenophorum: 12 parts of (1); bidens pilosa L: 8 parts of a mixture; green grass: 60 parts; raw material saccharifying enzyme: 5 parts of a mixture; sweet wormwood herb: 12 parts of (1); oil drying: 26 parts of (1); quick lime: 8 parts.
Wherein the pine needle, eupatorium japonicum, sticktight, green grass and sweet wormwood are fresh plants, and the green grass comprises mountain grass and crop straws.
A method for preparing a phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following process flows:
(1) drying folium Pini, herba Eupatorii chinensis, herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, herba Swertiae Mileensis and herba Artemisiae Annuae respectively, and grinding into 50 mesh powder;
(2) respectively drying the phosphogypsum and the oil cake, and grinding into powder of 50 meshes;
(3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (1) and the powder obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, then respectively adding the raw material saccharifying enzyme and the quicklime, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(4) and (4) fermenting the mixture obtained in the step (3) at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 15 days to obtain the phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-fertilizer.
Example 2
A phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
phosphogypsum: 40 parts of a mixture; pine needle: 15 parts of (1); eupatorium adenophorum: 12 parts of (1); bidens pilosa L: 14 parts of (1); green grass: 70 parts of (B); raw material saccharifying enzyme: 6 parts of (1); sweet wormwood herb: 15 parts of (1); oil drying: 30 parts of (1); quick lime: 10 parts.
Wherein the pine needle, eupatorium japonicum, sticktight, green grass and sweet wormwood are fresh plants, and the green grass comprises mountain grass and crop straws.
A method for preparing a phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following process flows:
(1) drying folium Pini, herba Eupatorii chinensis, herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, herba Swertiae Mileensis and herba Artemisiae Annuae respectively, and grinding into 50 mesh powder;
(2) respectively drying the phosphogypsum and the oil cake, and grinding into powder of 50 meshes;
(3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (1) and the powder obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, then respectively adding the raw material saccharifying enzyme and the quicklime, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(4) and (4) fermenting the mixture obtained in the step (3) at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 15 days to obtain the phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-fertilizer.
Example 3
A phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
phosphogypsum: 40 parts of a mixture; pine needle: 5 parts of a mixture; eupatorium adenophorum: 6 parts of (1); bidens pilosa L: 5 parts of a mixture; green grass: 40 parts of a mixture; raw material saccharifying enzyme: 2 parts of (1); sweet wormwood herb: 8 parts of a mixture; oil drying: 20 parts of (1); quick lime: 5 parts of the raw materials.
Wherein the pine needle, eupatorium japonicum, sticktight, green grass and sweet wormwood are fresh plants, and the green grass comprises mountain grass and crop straws.
A method for preparing a phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following process flows:
(1) drying folium Pini, herba Eupatorii chinensis, herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, herba Swertiae Mileensis and herba Artemisiae Annuae respectively, and grinding into 50 mesh powder;
(2) respectively drying the phosphogypsum and the oil cake, and grinding into powder of 50 meshes;
(3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (1) and the powder obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, then respectively adding the raw material saccharifying enzyme and the quicklime, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(4) and (4) fermenting the mixture obtained in the step (3) at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 15 days to obtain the phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-fertilizer.
Example 4
A phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
phosphogypsum: 55 parts of (1); pine needle: 5 parts of a mixture; eupatorium adenophorum: 6 parts of (1); bidens pilosa L: 5 parts of a mixture; green grass: 40 parts of a mixture; raw material saccharifying enzyme: 2 parts of (1); sweet wormwood herb: 8 parts of a mixture; oil drying: 20 parts of (1); quick lime: 5 parts of the raw materials.
Wherein the pine needle, eupatorium japonicum, sticktight, green grass and sweet wormwood are fresh plants, and the green grass comprises mountain grass and crop straws.
A method for preparing a phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer comprises the following process flows:
(1) drying folium Pini, herba Eupatorii chinensis, herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, herba Swertiae Mileensis and herba Artemisiae Annuae respectively, and grinding into 50 mesh powder;
(2) respectively drying the phosphogypsum and the oil cake, and grinding into powder of 50 meshes;
(3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (1) and the powder obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, then respectively adding the raw material saccharifying enzyme and the quicklime, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(4) and (4) fermenting the mixture obtained in the step (3) at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 15 days to obtain the phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-fertilizer.
Field test
The produced soil improvement biological organic fertilizer is used according to the amount of 100g per square meter and is tested according to the following standard test:
s1: the biological organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 is uniformly mixed with saline-alkali soil;
s2: the biological organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 2 is uniformly mixed with saline-alkali soil;
s3: the biological organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 3 is uniformly mixed with saline-alkali soil;
s4: the biological organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 4 is uniformly mixed with saline-alkali soil;
and respectively sowing pakchoi on the test lands at the same time, setting a test control group CK, not adding any fertilizer, and planting the same pakchoi on saline-alkali lands with the same degree. When the Chinese cabbage is harvested, the plant height, the number of leaves, the length of the leaves, the width of the leaves and the fresh weight index of each plant of the Chinese cabbage are measured, and the following results are obtained:
TABLE 1 crop growth measuring Table for soil improvement organic fertilizers to which phosphogypsum is applied
| Treatment of | Height of plant cm | Number of blades | Length of blade cm | Width of blade cm | Fresh weight of individual plant g |
| S1 | 25.47 | 6.11 | 8.31 | 5.71 | 12.76 |
| S2 | 23.53 | 5.47 | 9.82 | 6.15 | 14.65 |
| S3 | 22.47 | 5.24 | 9.11 | 5.67 | 13.25 |
| S4 | 21.45 | 4.97 | 7.58 | 4.91 | 10.63 |
| CK | 15.29 | 3.07 | 4.79 | 3.27 | 7.57 |
According to growth detection of the pakchoi, the saline-alkali soil amendment has an obvious improvement effect on the saline-alkali soil, can adjust acid-base balance, provides nutrient elements, has an obvious promotion effect on growth and development of the pakchoi, and has the best test effect in example 2, but the scheme in example 1 is the best in consideration of comprehensive cost.
And (3) detecting the soil after the field test and the surface water sample below the soil, wherein the detection results are as follows:
TABLE 2 soil test results of the bio-organic fertilizer applied with phosphogypsum
| Item | PH | Cadmium mg/kg | Mercury mg/kg | Arsenic mg/kg | Lead mg/kg | Chromium mg/kg | Nickel mg/kg |
| S1 | 7.5 | 0.18 | 0.4 | 3.2 | 9.2 | 14 | 8 |
| S2 | 7.9 | 0.16 | 0.3 | 2.8 | 7.2 | 11 | 6 |
| S3 | 6.4 | 0.19 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 10.4 | 16 | 9 |
| S4 | 6.5 | 0.19 | 0.5 | 3.4 | 10.1 | 15 | 9 |
| CK | 8.3 | 0.24 | 0.87 | 17.2 | 17.5 | 61 | 28 |
According to the detection results, the biological organic fertilizer produced by the invention can adjust the pH balance of soil, has an inhibiting effect on heavy metal ions, reduces the biological activity of the heavy metal ions, and avoids harm to human health after crops absorb the heavy metal ions.
TABLE 3 results of surface water test of bio-organic fertilizer applied with phosphogypsum
The detection result shows that the biological organic fertilizer prepared by the invention has an inhibiting effect on heavy metal ions, has an absorption and decomposition effect on metal salts, sulfides and the like, reduces the residue of harmful substances in surface water, dissolves phosphorus and nitrogen, avoids water eutrophication, and further protects water quality.
The embodiments described above are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
phosphogypsum: 40-55 parts; pine needle: 5-12 parts; eupatorium adenophorum: 6-15 parts; bidens pilosa L: 5-14 parts; green grass: 40-70 parts; raw material saccharifying enzyme: 2-6 parts; sweet wormwood herb: 8-15 parts; oil drying: 20-30 parts of a solvent; quick lime: 5-10 parts.
2. The phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
phosphogypsum: 45 parts of (1); pine needle: 8 parts of a mixture; eupatorium adenophorum: 12 parts of (1); bidens pilosa L: 8 parts of a mixture; green grass: 60 parts; raw material saccharifying enzyme: 5 parts of a mixture; sweet wormwood herb: 12 parts of (1); oil drying: 26 parts of (1); quick lime: 8 parts.
3. The phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pine needles, the eupatorium adenophorum spreng, the bidens bipinnata, the green grass and the sweet wormwood are fresh plants.
4. The phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the green grass comprises mountain grass and crop straws.
5. The preparation method of the phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement bio-organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following process flows of:
(1) drying folium Pini, herba Eupatorii chinensis, herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, herba Cannabis Prain et Burkill and herba Artemisiae Annuae respectively, and grinding into 50-70 mesh powder;
(2) respectively drying the phosphogypsum and the oil cake, and grinding into powder of 50-70 meshes;
(3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (1) and the powder obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, then respectively adding the raw material saccharifying enzyme and the quicklime, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(4) and (4) fermenting the mixture obtained in the step (3) at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ for 7-15 days to obtain the phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological fertilizer.
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| CN202010292738.5A CN111499471A (en) | 2020-04-15 | 2020-04-15 | Phosphogypsum-containing soil improvement biological organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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