CN108658708A - A kind of fertilizing method and application for farmland cadmium pollution prevention - Google Patents
A kind of fertilizing method and application for farmland cadmium pollution prevention Download PDFInfo
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- CN108658708A CN108658708A CN201810794005.4A CN201810794005A CN108658708A CN 108658708 A CN108658708 A CN 108658708A CN 201810794005 A CN201810794005 A CN 201810794005A CN 108658708 A CN108658708 A CN 108658708A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of fertilizing method and application for farmland cadmium pollution prevention belongs to agricultural environment ecosphere, includes the following steps；A, raw material preparation：Per hectare using in farmland amount, 375 1500kg of silicone conditioning agent, 750 1500kg of organic matter, 1.5 7.5kg of foliar fertilizer containing selenium；B, it applies fertilizer：The 50 100% of whole organic matters and silicone conditioning agent total amount is taken to be applied as base manure；It is applied remaining 0 50% silicone conditioning agent as top dressing；It selenium foliar fertilizer will be contained will be watered within 4 weeks before the crop maturity phase and spray 14 times.Organic-silicon-modified composite fertilizer is applied to heavy metals in farmland pollution prevention by the present invention, it realizes and applies fertilizers scientifically and the combination of heavy metal pollution prevention and control, can effectively reduce absorption and accumulation of the crop to heavy metal, improve crop yield and quality, improve soil texture, reaches agricultural product security sanitary standard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural environment ecospheres, and in particular to agricultural land soil cadmium pollution control method.Present invention handle has
Machine silicon conditioner is applied to heavy metals in farmland pollution prevention, realizes and applies fertilizers scientifically and the combination of heavy metal pollution prevention and control, can be with
Crop is effectively reduced to the absorption and accumulation of heavy metal, reaches agricultural product security sanitary standard.Farmland cadmium proposed by the invention is dirty
Control Technology is contaminated, current heavy metals in farmland pollution prevention of high cost, Control Technology and agricultural production measure is overcome and is separated, uses
Family is unwilling the bottleneck problem used, to improve agriculture environmental protection technical merit and Economic Benefit of Agricultural Production have it is very heavy
The meaning wanted.
Background technology
According to China's Soil Pollution Investigation bulletin that Ministry of Land and Resources in 2014 and Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection issue, China farmland is ploughed
The point exceeding standard rate on ground is 19.4%, and there are about 1.5 hundred million mu of arable lands to receive heavy metal pollution, wherein mainly cadmium pollution.Soil
Earth heavy metal pollution problem results in serious food-safety problem, and according to investigations, the exceeding standard rate of rice cadmium is about in China market
10%, part up to 70%.Rice is the staple food of the southern region of China people, and rice cadmium pollution has become restricting current agricultural can
An important factor for sustainable development.Carry out Farmland Soil Pollution reparation, for solving China's grain security, ecological safety meaning weight
Greatly.
Be related to the relevant application for a patent for invention of farmland cadmium pollution prevention and control through retrieval, in Chinese invention patent soil passivation,
The many aspects such as agronomy regulation technology.Patents documents through retrieving current are as follows：
1) application No. is 201710895005.9 application disclose a kind of sodium base silicon soil conditioner preparation method and
It is applied.The invention provides a kind of sodium base silicon soil conditioner for cadmium pollution soil reparation, including following mass fraction
Component：The sodium-based material of 30-40%, middle amount beneficial element material, humic acid material, the 1-5% of 15-20% of 25-40% are micro-
The additive material of secondary element material and 1-5%.Sodium base silicon soil conditioner generates absorption, oxidation also to the cadmium ion in soil
Former, antagonism and precipitation reduce the content of cadmium in soil, realize its passivation, cadmium is avoided to enter in plant, reduce secondary dirt
The harm of dye.Embodiment the result shows that, the invention provide sodium base silicon soil conditioner in soil cadmium content reduce amplitude
Up to 56%；Soil after cadmium pollution carries out paddy plantation, rice after sodium base silicon soil conditioner provided by the invention conditioning
Average drop cadmium rate be 43.22%.
2) application No. is 201711067823.6 invention provide it is a kind of to arsenic, cadmium heavy-metal contaminated soil strengthen it is super rich
Collect phytoremediation technology, including stabilizes reparation and restoration of the ecosystem；The stabilisation repair process is：By heavy metal to be repaired
After contaminated soil upper layer is stirred evenly with stabilizer plus water pours, and conserves under field conditions (factors)；The stabilizer, in parts by weight
Meter, including 5-10 parts of 40-60 parts of lime, 30-50 parts of sepiolite and calcium dihydrogen phosphate；The restoration of the ecosystem process is：Passing through
Vetiver is planted in stabilizer treatment and the soil of maintenance.The present invention is heavy metal-polluted by stabilizing repair process adjusting first
Contaminate nutrient situation, pH value and the oxidation-reduction potential of soil, the mobility of curing heavy metal；Pass through the vegetation counterweight such as vetiver again
Metal carries out the stable curing of rich absorbent and vegetation root system to heavy metal；The two is effectively implemented in combination with safe and efficient reparation
Arsenic, cadmium heavy-metal contaminated soil realize the reduction to rehabilitation cost.
3) application No. is a kind of Cd-polluted farmland soil in-situs of 201710814684.2 disclosure of the invention to be passivated reparation side
Method belongs to agricultural land soil and repairs field；Carbon nanotube, humic acid and the calcium magnesium phosphate that the invention is modified using crown ether as passivation
Agent successively applies in agricultural land soil, and is passivated cadmium in soil by the means such as turning over, conserving, and makes available state in agricultural land soil
Cadmium content reduces, while reducing absorbability of the crop to cadmium.The invention passivator is at low cost, to agricultural land soil and crop without negative
It influences, passivator can not only be passivated cadmium in soil, but also can discharge the nutrient needed for crop, and calcium ions and magnesium ions can reduce work
Object is to the absorption of cadmium, while passivator requires the pH environment of soil relatively low, has in the environment of meta-alkalescence fine
Reparation cadmium ion effect.
4) application No. is a kind of acid soil cadmium passivator of 201710812496.6 disclosure of the invention, ingredient includes rice husk
Charcoal, lime, hydroxyapatite, bloodstone.The invention acid soil cadmium passivator can improve soil pH, reduce CaCl2And vinegar
The content of acid extractable cadmium promotes Cadmium in Soil from bioavailable state (ion-exchange state) to potential using state (carbonate knot
Close state, iron and manganese oxides reference state) and do not converted using state (residual form), reach the passivation active purposes of Cd, effectively repairs
Cd pollutes acid soil, promotes plant growth, reduces absorption of the crop to cadmium.
5) application No. is 201710806541.7 inventions to provide a kind of cadmium pollution soil Organic-inorganic composite passivator
And its application method, the composite passivant are made of silkworm excrement biomass carbon and the mixing containing ferron, silkworm excrement biomass carbon and iron content
The dosage of reagent respectively needs the 1% and 0.2% of the cadmium pollution soil quality repaired；By silkworm excrement biomass carbon and contain when use
Ferron, which is added to, to be needed to mix in the cadmium pollution soil repaired, and adds water curing, and it is 40% to make soil moisture content.The invention cadmium
Reagent raw material sources employed in contaminated soil Organic-inorganic composite passivator are extensive, of low cost, can reduce and be implemented as
This；In addition, cadmium pollution soil application method provided by the invention is simple and practicable, and it is insensitive to soil property type, it can be used for exhausted big portion
Divide cadmium pollution soil, applicable range is wide, high to cadmium pollution soil remediation efficiency, and repairing effect is apparent.
6) application No. is the multifunctional bio of 201710831935.8 disclosure of the invention Cd-polluted farmland repair medicament with
And restorative procedure, by weight, repairing medicament includes：30-60 parts of phosphorio compound, 10-30 parts of silicon base compound, calcium base
Close 5-10 parts of object, 1-5 parts of biomaterial；Restorative procedure includes：According to the contamination index of cadmium in soil, prepares and repair medicament；It will
It repairs medicament and uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields the upper soll layer in required improvement, turning over makes reparation medicament soil be uniformly mixed, maintenance；It has conserved
Afterwards, the normal farming in farmland is carried out.The invention is outer in the activity of passivation heavy metal in soil, can also improve soil property, improves
The environment of Soil Microorganism promotes the growth of microorganism, and then ensures grain yield simultaneously, and cadmium contains in control cereal crops
Amount, reaches the standard limited value of national food crop cadmium.
7) application No. is 201710731811.2 inventions to be related to the Treatment process of heavy metal pollution of soil, specifically
A kind of soil heavy metal passivant and the method using soil heavy metal passivant passivation repairing heavy metal in soil pollution.By following
The component of parts by weight meter：30 parts of peanut shell, 15 parts of Korean Needle, 10 parts of sepiolite, 10 parts of flyash, 5 parts of chitin, five water are inclined
3 parts of sodium metasilicate, 0.4 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 1.2 parts of microbial bacterial agent, 0.05 part of quick lime configure,
The content of beary metal that plant can effectively be reduced achievees the purpose that passivation is repaired.
8) application No. is the inventions of 201610081198.X to provide a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil renovation agent, which presses
Weight ratio consists of the following compositions：Biomass carbon 30-50%, alpha-cyclodextrin 10-30%, zeolite 10-20%, polyacrylamide 5-
10%, glucose 5-10%, vulcanized sodium 5-10%；Preparation method is：By biomass carbon, alpha-cyclodextrin, zeolite, polyacrylamide
Amine, glucose, vulcanized sodium are uniformly mixed by above-mentioned mass ratio, for the soil-repairing agent of preparation.Soil-repairing agent is prepared to exist
There is good effect when repairing cadmium, lead, zinc, cuprum compound polluted soil.Good excellent of simple with method, feasible, regulation effect
Point.
9) it application No. is a kind of efficient heavy metal soil-repairing agent of the disclosure of the invention of 201710904180.X and its repaiies
Compound method, soil-repairing agent component include 20-40 parts of ammonium phosphate, 10-15 parts of aluminium polychloride, kaolin 5-12 in parts by weight
Part, 4-10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3-10 parts of iron chloride, 4-12 parts of citric acid, 4-10 parts of oyster shell whiting, 5-15 parts of calcium hydroxide, diatomite
10-20 parts, preparation method of the present invention is simple, and soil-repairing agent obtained can reduce the heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, arsenic in soil
Content improves soil fertility of lying fallow while the rehabilitating soil ecosystem, replys the cultivability of soil as early as possible.
10) application No. is 201710894989.9 application disclose a kind of charcoal base silicon soil conditioner preparation method and
It is applied.The invention provides a kind of charcoal base silicon soil conditioners for cadmium pollution soil reparation, including following mass fraction
Component：The biological organic material of the Alkaline minerals material of 30-40%, the middle amount beneficial element material of 20-40%, 10-20%
The micro- material of material and 1-5%.Charcoal base silicon soil conditioner generates absorption, redox, short of money to the cadmium ion in soil
Anti- and precipitation reduces the content of cadmium in soil, realizes its passivation, cadmium is avoided to enter in plant, reduce secondary pollution
Harm.Embodiment the result shows that, the invention provide charcoal base silicon soil conditioner in soil cadmium content reduce amplitude be up to
52%；Soil after cadmium pollution carries out paddy plantation after charcoal base silicon soil conditioner provided by the invention conditioning, and rice is put down
Drop cadmium rate 44.5%.
11) application No. is 201710753192.7 inventions to provide a kind of humic acid type acidic soil conditioner, packet
Ingredient containing following parts by weight：Include the ingredient of following parts by weight：20-40 parts of plant ash, 10-30 parts of humate, clay material
10-30 parts of material, 15-35 parts of charcoal, 5-15 parts of calcium silicate fertilizer.The invention further provides a kind of humic acid type acid soil tune
Manage preparation method and the application of agent.Humic acid type acidic soil conditioner described in the invention, raw material sources are extensive, and acid can be improved
Property soil pH, the heavy metals such as lead, cadmium in precipitation, complexing soil improve soil, improve crop yield, inhibit plant to a huge sum of money
The absorption of category reduces the content of heavy metal in agricultural product.
12) application No. is a kind of heavy metals immobilization stabilization agent of the disclosure of the invention of 201710671977.X and users
Method belongs to environmental protection remediation contaminated soil technical field.Present invention solves the technical problem that being a kind of heavy metals immobilization stabilization
Chemical drug agent, consists of the following components in percentage by weight：Portland cement 20%-30%, flyash 15%-30%, quick lime
15%-30%, calcium hydroxy phosphate 10%-30%, montmorillonite 10%-20% and inevitable impurity；Each component quality percentage
Than the sum of be 100%.The application method of above-mentioned heavy metals immobilization stabilization agent, includes the following steps：Heavy metals immobilization is steady
Determine after chemical drug agent and water is stirred, to be added into heavy-metal contaminated soil, be mixed evenly, stand maintenance.The invention
Solidification and stabilization reagent cost is cheap, and regulation effect is good, non-secondary pollution risk；Suitable for single, Compound Heavy Metals are native
The improvement of earth has good society, environmental benefit.
13) application No. is 201710380713.9 inventions to provide a kind of soil conditioning for heavy metal pollution reparation
Agent includes the component of following parts by weight：20-40 parts of mineral material, 30-50 parts of precipitating reagent, 20-30 parts of adsorbent, organic matter 10-
20 parts, 5-10 parts of the modifying agent containing boron, zinc, manganese, iron, molybdenum and copper.The soil conditioner that the invention provides, passes through mineral material
The collective effect of material, precipitating reagent and adsorbent can realize the passivation of heavy metal in soil, significantly reduce heavy metal in soil and contain
Amount, and the addition of organic matter and modifying agent helps to improve contaminated soil fertility.Embodiment the result shows that, the invention provide
Soil conditioner amplitude reduced to the content of heavy metal in soil be up to 96.1%；Soil after heavy metal pollution is through this hair
After the conditioning of the soil conditioner of bright offer, paddy plantation is carried out, rice drop cadmium rate reaches 44-65%.
14) application No. is 201710320101.0 inventions to belong to heavy metal-polluted soil reparation field, specifically discloses one kind
Soil-repairing agent for cadmium pollution rice field and application, by weight, the soil-repairing agent provided by the invention include offal charcoal
40-70, sepiolite 10-20, diatomite 10-20, light burnt powder 5-10, lime 5-10, calcium magnesium phosphate 5-20, zinc fertilizer 0.5-2 and micro-
Bacteria agent 1-5.Soil-repairing agent is uniformly sprinkling upon to native table, then turning over makes soil-repairing agent be sufficiently mixed with contaminated soil,
Application amount is 100-300kg/ mus.The invention belongs to compound reparations, using simple, of low cost, high-efficiency environment friendly.
15) application No. is a kind of Soil oxidation of 201710124748.6 disclosure of the invention-solidification and stabilizations to repair medicament
And its application method, repair Zero-valent Iron, silicate and the calcium oxide that medicament includes independent packaging.The invention passes through Zero-valent Iron and two
RAPD check process in silicate systems realizes to the oxidation removal of organic matter in contaminated soil, reduce organic matter for
The interference of soil solidification stabilization procedures, simultaneously for arsenous anion that may be present in heavy-metal contaminated soil, selenite radical,
The reducing substances such as sulphion substantially reduce its migration by oxidation.Later, calcium oxide/calcium hydroxide is added, by surplus
Iron mineral, calcium silicate compound that remaining Zero-valent Iron is formed etc. realizes stabilisation and the fixation of heavy metal ion (copper-lead cadmium mercury etc.)
Change.The reparation medicament of the invention, can be to the compound dirt of heavy-metal contaminated soil or organic matter, heavy metal of different pollution levels
Dye soil carries out aoxidizing-solidification and stabilization, and the product after solidification and stabilization can backfill or be used for other purposes.
16) application No. is 201710017278.3 inventions to be related to one kind for agricultural land soil cadmium, chromium, copper and mickel heavy metal
The passivator and its preparation and application of combined pollution reparation.The passivator includes passivator A and passivator B；Passivator A packets
Include montmorillonite, diatomite, sepiolite, illite and ferrous sulfate；Passivator B includes periclase, calcite, calcium magnesium phosphate, grass
Wood ash and calcium hydroxide；The passivator is suitable for the agricultural land soil of cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel combined pollution, has specific contain by above-mentioned
Porous adsorbent and the passivation composition of a variety of unlike materials of amount, have complementary advantages between each other, in conjunction with absorption and stabilize
Etc. principles, effectively enhance the combining form of heavy metal by ion exchange, complexing, chelating and adsorption method, be translated into
The strong organically combine state and residual form more stablized, effectively reduce heavy metal bio-available Zn concentration in agricultural land soil, and passivation effect is long
Effect is stablized, and has great repair for the agricultural land soil of cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel combined pollution.
17) application No. is 201611230525.X inventions to be related to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of reduction rice cadmium
The fertilizer of content；It is made of following raw material by weight：Urea 35-40, urea phosphate 25-30, potassium chloride 18-24, phosphoric acid
Monoammonium 10-15, calcium superphosphate 8-13, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 6-9, nutrient solution 25-30, Cadmium treated agent 7-9；The Fertilizer nutrient is abundant, contains
There are a variety of a great number of elements and micronutrient element necessary to rice, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient >=60%, the invention that can effectively reduce
The activity of metal ion in soil changes the form of heavy metal in the soil, and the heavy metal in soil is become soil from available state
Earth and/or crop are difficult to the invalid state absorbed, reduce absorption of the crop to heavy metal, and heavy metal in crop body is reduced to reach
The purpose of content is changed into judging quota of the transition rate as soil remediation of invalid state using available state, and the invention is to Cadmium in Soil gold
The conversion ratio of category reaches 87.7% or more, and by taking rice as an example, per mu yield can increase production 9.6~11.2% relative to control group.
The patent document of above-mentioned farmland soil heavy metals pollution amelioration is related to heavy metal-polluted soil active passivation technology, these skills
Art is although effective, but is separated with production technology of crops and fertilizer and water management measure, increases cost, reduces practical valence
Value, there are resentment in technical staff and peasant household in actual production, are unwilling to use.Therefore, overcome the difficult point of the prior art, find
Multi-functional, efficient, easy technology and product are the directions of farmland pollution reparation development.In addition, above-mentioned patent does not relate to
Silicone conditioning agent formula and its application technology in the cadmium pollution prevention and control of farmland, therefore the method for this patent use and application neck
There is not been reported in domain.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to establish a set of heavy metal prevention and control with the heavy metal pollution of soil being combined that applies fertilizers scientifically to prevent
Prosecutor method, and grain, Tea Production application are applied to it.Meanwhile overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, science to adjust fertilizer
Formula prevents cadmium from improving quality of agricultural product and yield, level of increasing soil fertility, prevention conscientiously to the pollution of edible agricultural product
Farmland pollution improves the needs that soil texture is up to state standards.
The present invention is to realize that its purpose is using technical solution：
A kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention includes the following steps；
A, raw material preparation：Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 375-1500kg, organic matter 750-1500kg,
The 1.5-7.5kg of foliar fertilizer containing selenium；
B, it applies fertilizer：Whole organic matters and the 50-100% of silicone conditioning agent total amount is taken to be applied as base manure；It will be remaining
0-50% silicone conditioning agents as top dressing apply；Selenium foliar fertilizer will be contained to spray water 1-4 times within 4 weeks before the crop maturity phase.
The silicone conditioning agent is that organosilicon is sustained water-soluble composite fertilizer, is counted in parts by weight, including 0-60 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus
0-40 parts, 0-60 parts of potassium is 0 when nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium difference.
The foliar fertilizer containing selenium includes water-soluble Liquid Fertilizer containing selenium, selenium content 0.1-5%；And/or solid, water soluble selenium
Fertilizer, selenium content 1-95%.
The organic matter is the organic fertilizer for meeting national standard NY525-2012.
Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 750kg, organic matter 1500kg, the 6kg of foliar fertilizer containing selenium.
Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 1125kg, organic matter 1000kg, the 5-7.5kg of foliar fertilizer containing selenium.
Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 1500kg, organic matter 1500kg, the 7.5kg of foliar fertilizer containing selenium.
A kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention is in rice, corn, wheat, tealeaves heavy metal pollution prevention and control life
Application in production.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The farmland cadmium pollution Control Technology scheme of the present invention is suitble to control rice, wheat, corn, tealeaves to heavy metal cadmium
It absorbs and accumulates.Study for a long period of time through us the result shows that, implement control method of the present invention, it is neutrality, improvement that can adjust soil
Soil texture effectively reduces the activity of Cadmium in Soil, reduces absorption of the crops to cadmium, prevents transport of the cadmium to edible part, from
And agricultural product content of beary metal is reduced, reach food hygienic standard.Meanwhile absorption of the crop to nutrient is improved, improve fertilizer profit
With rate, crop yield and quality are improved.Implementing control method of the present invention has significant economic benefit and social benefit.For example,
Due to reducing rice cadmium content, yield and quality is improved, according to market constant price, implements 1 hectare of rice heavy metals in farmland
Pollution prevention, it is only 3000 yuan to need cost RMB, is calculated according to yield 15% is increased, generates about 2925 yuan of value, in addition
The potential raising output value of the selenium-enriched rice of production 20% is calculated as 3900 yuan, therefore generates 3825 yuan of added value.To sum up, the present invention has
Machine silicon conditioner prevention and control heavy metals in farmland pollution technology realizes the profit of pollution of agricultural products prevention and control, there is very high cost performance.
Core of the invention is organic silicon function material to be applied to the improvement of heavy metal pollution of soil, and creative open
Organic silicon water soluble slow-release compound fertilizer is sent out, realizes that farmland soil heavy metals pollution prevention is synchronous with fertilizer application and carries out, drop
The cost and risk of low heavy metal pollution prevention.Its basic technique principle is as follows：
1) applying silicone conditioning agent reduces the absorption and accumulation to heavy metal cadmium of rice, corn, tealeaves, prevents cadmium to can
The transport at food position reaches food hygienic standard to reduce agricultural product content of beary metal.
2) silicone conditioning agent improves resistance of the crop to heavy metal-polluted soil, promotes crop growth, especially promotes
Root growth and photosynthesis, improve being absorbed and utilized for the nutrient of crop, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, it is final improve crop yield and
Quality.
3) acid soil and basic soil can be adjusted to neutrality by silicone conditioning agent.Heavy metal ion is in acid soil
In be activated, become easy water-soluble, easy absorption, when pH value is 7, then loses dissolubility and activity substantially, lead to heavy metal-polluted soil
The passivation of cadmium.
4) conversion that silicone conditioning agent promotes soil Cd species is applied, mainly exchange state and available Cd are converted into
The invalid cadmium of ferrimanganic reference state and residual form.
5) due to the effect of silicon, the structure of soil is improved.
6) organic matter and foliar fertilizer containing selenium that the present invention is used cooperatively have the effect of and silicone conditioning agent synergistic effect,
Be conducive to increase soil fertility, promote absorption of the crop to nutrient, improve yield, while significantly reducing suction of the crop to heavy metal
Receive accumulation.
The present invention also has the advantage that：
1) silicone conditioning agent prevention and control heavy metals in farmland of the invention pollution technology realizes heavy metal pollution prevention and control and agriculture
Skill irrigation and fertilization measurement is combined, applied once, is applied while completing fertilizer and heavy metal deactivator, and process is simple, at low cost；
2) the organosilicon material modified compound fertilizer that the present invention uses will not generate murder by poisoning, without secondary dirt to agricultural ecological
, there is important meaning in the problem of dye in the utilization of function agricultural；
3) silicone conditioning agent application technique of the invention significantly reduces absorption of the crop to heavy metal, while can significantly carry
High crop nutrition condition improves the crop general level of the health, improves the yield and quality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the technique and technology path flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be the present invention under experimental conditions, embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the technology of embodiment 3 are to Cd concentration of brown rice
The effect block diagram of influence.
Fig. 3 be the present invention under experimental conditions, embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the technology of embodiment 3 to Paddy rice produce
Measure the effect block diagram influenced.
Fig. 4 be the present invention under experimental conditions, embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the technology of embodiment 3 have paddy soil
Imitate the effect block diagram that cadmium influences.
Fig. 5 be the present invention under experimental conditions, the effect that embodiment 1, the technology of embodiment 2 influence corn cadmium content
Fruit block diagram.
Fig. 6 be the present invention under experimental conditions, embodiment 1, the technology of embodiment 2 influence maize grain yield
Effect block diagram.
Fig. 7 be the present invention under experimental conditions, embodiment 1, the technology of embodiment 2 on the effective cadmium of corn soil influence
Effect block diagram.
Fig. 8 be the present invention under experimental conditions, the effect that embodiment 2, the technology of embodiment 3 influence tealeaves cadmium content
Fruit block diagram.
Fig. 9 be the present invention under experimental conditions, the effect that embodiment 2, the technology of embodiment 3 influence tea yield
Block diagram.
Figure 10 be the present invention under experimental conditions, embodiment 2, the technology of embodiment 3 are to the effective cadmium shadow of tealeaves soil
Loud effect block diagram.
Wherein, in Fig. 2-4 in block diagram each pilot from left to right correspondence be Common compound fertilizer, embodiment 1, embodiment 2,
Embodiment 3；It is Common compound fertilizer, embodiment 4, embodiment 5 that each pilot is corresponding from left to right in Fig. 5-7 block diagrams；Fig. 8-
It is Common compound fertilizer, embodiment 6, embodiment 7 that each pilot is corresponding from left to right in 10 block diagrams；.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further explained in the light of specific embodiments.
One, specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention, it is as follows：Rice cultivation,
Prepare fertilizer：Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 750kg, organic matter 1500kg, foliar fertilizer containing selenium
3kg.Wherein, silicone conditioning agent it is nitrogenous 18%, it is phosphorous 18%, contain potassium 18%；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is 1.5% containing selenium, organic matter
Carbon containing 50%.
Under the conditions of rice cultivation, 80% silicone conditioning agent 600kg is applied into rotary tillage in site preparation as base manure and is mixed
Even, 20% silicone conditioning agent 150kg is applied in tillering stage；Organic matter 1500kg is all applied as base manure in site preparation
Rotary tillage mixing；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is taken, is divided and is watered 300-500 times before Rice Heading 1-2 times and carries out foliage-spray.
Experiment is carried out in three testing sites such as Hubei Jing Zhou, Hubei Jiangxia and yiyang, hunan respectively.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention, it is as follows：Rice cultivation,
Prepare fertilizer：Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 1125kg, organic matter 1000kg, foliar fertilizer containing selenium
5kg.Wherein, silicone conditioning agent it is nitrogenous 18%, it is phosphorous 18%, contain potassium 18%；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is 1.5% containing selenium, organic matter
Carbon containing 50%.
Under the conditions of rice cultivation, 80% silicone conditioning agent 900kg is applied into rotary tillage in site preparation as base manure and is mixed
Even, 20% silicone conditioning agent 225kg is applied in tillering stage；Organic matter 1000kg is all applied as base manure in site preparation
Rotary tillage mixing；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is taken, is divided and is watered 300-500 times before Rice Heading 1-2 times and carries out foliage-spray.
Experiment is carried out in three testing sites such as Hubei Jing Zhou, Hubei Jiangxia and yiyang, hunan respectively.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention, it is as follows：Rice cultivation,
Prepare fertilizer：Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 1500kg, organic matter 1500kg, foliar fertilizer containing selenium
7.5kg.Wherein, silicone conditioning agent it is nitrogenous 18%, it is phosphorous 18%, contain potassium 18%；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is 1.5% containing selenium, organic
Matter carbon containing 50%.
Under the conditions of rice cultivation, 80% silicone conditioning agent 1200kg is applied into rotary tillage in site preparation as base manure and is mixed
Even, 20% silicone conditioning agent 300kg is applied in tillering stage；Organic matter 1500kg is all applied as base manure in site preparation
Rotary tillage mixing；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is taken, is divided and is watered 300-500 times before Rice Heading 1-2 times and carries out foliage-spray.
Experiment is carried out in three testing sites such as Hubei Jing Zhou, Hubei Jiangxia and yiyang, hunan respectively.
Embodiment 4
A kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention, it is as follows：Maize planting,
Prepare fertilizer：Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 750kg, organic matter 1500kg, foliar fertilizer containing selenium
6kg.Wherein, silicone conditioning agent it is nitrogenous 18%, it is phosphorous 18%, contain potassium 18%；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is 1.5% containing selenium, organic matter
Carbon containing 50%.
Under the conditions of planting corn on dry land, applied in site preparation using 75% silicone conditioning agent 562.5kg as base manure
Rotary tillage mixing, 25% silicone conditioning agent 187.5kg are applied in the typhon mouth phase；By organic matter 1500kg all as base manure
Rotary tillage mixing is applied in site preparation；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is taken, divides 2 times in the typhon mouth phase and is watered 300-500 times of foliage-spray.
Experiment is carried out in three testing sites such as Hubei Jing Zhou, enshi and Henan Xinxiang respectively.
Embodiment 5
A kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention, it is as follows：Maize planting,
Prepare fertilizer：Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 1125kg, organic matter 1000kg, foliar fertilizer containing selenium
5kg.Wherein, silicone conditioning agent it is nitrogenous 18%, it is phosphorous 18%, contain potassium 18%；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is 1.5% containing selenium, organic matter
Carbon containing 50%.
Under the conditions of planting corn on dry land, applied in site preparation using 75% silicone conditioning agent 843.75kg as base manure
Rotary tillage mixing, 25% silicone conditioning agent 281.25kg are applied in the typhon mouth phase；By organic matter 1000kg all as base
Fertilizer applies rotary tillage mixing in site preparation；The 5kg of foliar fertilizer containing selenium is taken, divides 2 times in the typhon mouth phase and is watered 300-500 times of blade face spray
It applies.
Experiment is carried out in three testing sites such as Hubei Jing Zhou, enshi and Henan Xinxiang respectively.
Embodiment 6
A kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention, it is as follows：Tealeaves is planted,
Prepare fertilizer：Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 1125kg, organic matter 1000kg, foliar fertilizer containing selenium
5kg.Wherein, silicone conditioning agent it is nitrogenous 18%, it is phosphorous 18%, contain potassium 18%；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is 1.5% containing selenium, organic matter
Carbon containing 50%.
Under the conditions of planting nonirrigated farmland tealeaves, using 75% silicone conditioning agent 843.75kg as base manure in (November autumn and winter
25 days-December 5) application, 25% silicone conditioning agent 281.25kg is in early spring (on January 5-2 months on the 25th) application；It will be organic
Matter 1000kg is all applied as the autumn and winter；Selenium foliar fertilizer will be contained, divide within 3-4 weeks before tea picking 2 times and be watered 300-500 times of blade face spray
It applies.
Experiment is carried out in enshi 1, enshi 2 and three, Jiangxi testing site respectively.
Embodiment 7
A kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention, it is as follows：Tealeaves is planted,
Prepare fertilizer：Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 1500kg, organic matter 1500kg, foliar fertilizer containing selenium
7.5kg.Wherein, silicone conditioning agent it is nitrogenous 18%, it is phosphorous 18%, contain potassium 18%；Foliar fertilizer containing selenium is 1.5% containing selenium, organic
Matter carbon containing 50%.
Under the conditions of planting nonirrigated farmland tealeaves, using 75% silicone conditioning agent 1125kg as base manure in (November 25 autumn and winter
Day-December 5) application, 25% silicone conditioning agent 375kg is in early spring (on January 5-2 months on the 25th) application；By organic matter
1500kg is all applied as the autumn and winter；Selenium foliar fertilizer will be contained, divide 2 times within 3-4 weeks before tea picking and be watered 300-500 times of foliage-spray.
Experiment is carried out in enshi 1, enshi 2 and three, Jiangxi testing site respectively.
Comparative example 1
Using Common compound fertilizer, amount of application and method of administration are identical as the present invention, for example, by taking embodiment 1 as an example, per hectare
Using in farmland amount 2250kg Common compound fertilizers, 6 parts containing selenium fertilizer (containing selenium be 1.5%), under the conditions of rice cultivation, 2100kg is taken to make
Rotary tillage mixing is applied in site preparation for base manure, 150kg is applied in tillering stage；6 parts of fertilizer containing selenium divide 1-2 times to be watered before Rice Heading
300-500 times carries out foliage-spray.
From attached drawing 2,5,8 as can be seen that the technology of the present invention significantly reduces Cd concentration of brown rice, corn cadmium content, tealeaves cadmium
Content has reached national rice safety standard.From Fig. 3,6,9 as can be seen that the technology of the present invention significantly improves yield of brown rice, carries
High corn yield improves tea yield.From Fig. 4,7,10 as can be seen that the technology significant decrease soil available cadmium of the present invention contains
Amount, the effective cadmium content of corn soil, the effective cadmium content of tealeaves soil.
According to the scheme of embodiment 1-3, absorption 70-84% of the rice to cadmium can be significantly reduced, improves crop yield 15-
34%, reduce the effective cadmium content 19-58% of soil, natural production selenium-enriched rice.According to the scheme of embodiment 4-5, can significantly drop
Low corn improves crop yield 71-99% to the absorption 32-81% of cadmium, reduces the effective cadmium content 10-69% of soil, naturally raw
Produce selenium-rich corn.According to the scheme of embodiment 6-7, absorption 66-92% of the tealeaves to cadmium can be significantly reduced, improves tea yield
16-44% reduces the effective cadmium content 42-94% of soil, natural production selenium-enriched tea leaf.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention, which is characterized in that include the following steps；
A, raw material preparation：Per hectare using in farmland amount, silicone conditioning agent 375-1500kg, organic matter 750-1500kg contain selenium
Foliar fertilizer 1.5-7.5kg；
B, it applies fertilizer：Whole organic matters and the 50-100% of silicone conditioning agent total amount is taken to be applied as base manure；By remaining 0-
50% silicone conditioning agent is applied as top dressing；Selenium foliar fertilizer will be contained to spray water 1-4 times within 4 weeks before the crop maturity phase.
2. a kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described has
Machine silicon conditioner is that organosilicon is sustained water-soluble composite fertilizer, is counted in parts by weight, including 0-60 parts of nitrogen, 0-40 parts of phosphorus, 0-60 parts of potassium,
It is 0 when nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium difference.
3. a kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described contains
Selenium foliar fertilizer includes water-soluble Liquid Fertilizer containing selenium, selenium content 0.1-5%；And/or solid, water soluble selenium fertilizer, selenium content 1-95%.
4. a kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described has
Machine matter is to meet the organic fertilizer of national standard NY525-2012.
5. a kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention according to claim 1, which is characterized in that per hectare agriculture
Field amount of application, silicone conditioning agent 750kg, organic matter 1500kg, the 6kg of foliar fertilizer containing selenium.
6. a kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention according to claim 1, which is characterized in that per hectare agriculture
Field amount of application, silicone conditioning agent 1125kg, organic matter 1000kg, the 5-7.5kg of foliar fertilizer containing selenium.
7. a kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention according to claim 1, which is characterized in that per hectare agriculture
Field amount of application, silicone conditioning agent 1500kg, organic matter 1500kg, the 7.5kg of foliar fertilizer containing selenium.
8. a kind of fertilizing method for farmland cadmium pollution prevention described in claim 1 is in rice, corn, wheat, tealeaves weight
Application in metallic pollution prevention and control production.
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| CN109438123A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-08 | 湖南袁禾农业科技有限公司 | Jiang Ge compound fertilizer and its method of administration |
| CN109824438A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-31 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Rice cadmium is enriched with inhibitor and its application technology |
| CN110089226A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-08-06 | 广东筑奥生态环境股份有限公司 | One elite stand grass transplants soil modification restorative procedure |
| CN111066608A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-28 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for safely utilizing cadmium-arsenic composite polluted paddy field |
| CN112369296A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-19 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Cultivation management method for improving photosynthesis of flue-cured tobacco seedlings under lead and cadmium stress |
| CN113321555A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-08-31 | 多农多收技术研究(江苏)有限公司 | Medicament and method capable of effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil |
| CN114276187A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 华南农业大学 | Carbon-based seaweed silicon selenium suspension fertilizer, preparation method thereof and application thereof in selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction of rice |
| CN115918319A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-04-07 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Method for reducing arsenic content in rice of acid arsenic-polluted rice field and application |
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| CN111066608A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-28 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for safely utilizing cadmium-arsenic composite polluted paddy field |
| CN111066608B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2022-03-22 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for safely utilizing cadmium-arsenic composite polluted paddy field |
| CN112369296A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-19 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Cultivation management method for improving photosynthesis of flue-cured tobacco seedlings under lead and cadmium stress |
| CN113321555A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-08-31 | 多农多收技术研究(江苏)有限公司 | Medicament and method capable of effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil |
| CN114276187A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 华南农业大学 | Carbon-based seaweed silicon selenium suspension fertilizer, preparation method thereof and application thereof in selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction of rice |
| CN114276187B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-11-28 | 华南农业大学 | Carbon-based seaweed silicon-selenium suspension fertilizer, preparation method thereof and application thereof in rice selenium-enriched cadmium reduction |
| CN115918319A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-04-07 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Method for reducing arsenic content in rice of acid arsenic-polluted rice field and application |
| CN115918319B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-09-08 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Method for reducing arsenic content in rice in paddy field polluted by acidic arsenic and application |
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