CN113321555A - Medicament and method capable of effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil - Google Patents
Medicament and method capable of effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113321555A CN113321555A CN202110758485.0A CN202110758485A CN113321555A CN 113321555 A CN113321555 A CN 113321555A CN 202110758485 A CN202110758485 A CN 202110758485A CN 113321555 A CN113321555 A CN 113321555A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention relates to a medicament and a method for effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil, which comprises the steps of prefabricating the medicament, firstly taking a blocking medicament, adding the obtained blocking medicament into deionized water with the total amount being 1000 times of that of the blocking medicament, and fully dissolving the blocking medicament in a constant temperature environment at the temperature of not more than 20 ℃ to obtain a blocking medicament aqueous solution; and (3) spraying, namely uniformly spraying the standing blocking agent aqueous solution on the surface of the crop in a constant temperature environment while preventing direct sunlight, and ensuring that the surface of the crop is prevented from direct sunlight and water drenching within at least 4 hours after spraying. The preparation method comprises the steps of raw material mixing and crystallization operation. The invention can effectively provide growth and development nutrients for crops, promote the healthy growth of the crops and simultaneously effectively achieve the effects of disease prevention, insect prevention and attenuation; the invention can effectively improve the soil quality and prevent the absorption of plants to heavy metal ions cadmium, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the heavy metal plant pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a medicament and a method for effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil, belonging to the technical field of agricultural production.
Background
The deterioration of agricultural ecological environment quality and the pollution of agricultural and livestock products become outstanding problems in agriculture in China. At present, the cadmium pollution of cultivated lands in China is serious, the soil with light and moderate pollution occupies a large proportion, and whether agricultural products meeting the national standard can be produced on the cultivated lands is a problem which is urgently needed to be solved at present. Since 2013 and 2 months, the problem that cadmium in rice exceeds the standard in China is reported by media, so that the common attention of the society is caused, and the problem that heavy metal exceeds the standard is found in other crops such as vegetables and the like. In a special soil-plant-human transfer path, soil indirectly plays a role of a pollution source, once the soil is polluted by heavy metal, the soil is difficult to completely remove, and the soil has long-term property and irreversibility. Therefore, the key of controlling the heavy metal standard exceeding of agricultural products is to cut off the absorption of cadmium by the root system of the plant. But at present, the soil bioremediation, chemical remediation and the like are greatly developed. The soil restoration agent has various varieties, but is mainly applied on field bases, the application method has large application amount and high cost, so that the popularization is limited, and the current like products have single functions and even can inhibit the growth and development of vegetation or have toxic and side effects, thereby seriously influencing the development and yield of crops and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a medicament and a method for effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil, effectively improving the soil quality and reducing the absorption of plants to heavy metal ions cadmium, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing heavy metal plant pollution.
A method for effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a medicament, namely firstly taking a blocking medicament, adding the obtained blocking medicament into deionized water with the total amount being 1000 times of the total amount of the blocking medicament, fully dissolving the obtained blocking medicament in a constant temperature environment at the temperature of not more than 20 ℃ to obtain a blocking medicament aqueous solution, and standing the blocking medicament aqueous solution for at least 5 hours for use;
s2, spraying, namely uniformly spraying the standing blocking agent aqueous solution on the surface of the crop in a constant temperature environment of 20-30 ℃ to avoid direct sunlight, and ensuring that the surface of the crop is free from direct sunlight and water drenching within at least 4 hours after spraying.
Further, in the step S2, when spraying the crops, the spraying is performed in three batches at the tillering stage, the heading poplar stage and the grain filling stage of the crops, respectively.
Further, in the step S2, the spraying agent may not be mixed with the alkaline drug during the spraying operation, and the spraying agent needs to be re-sprayed when it rains within three hours after the spraying operation in the burning sun.
A medicament for effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3-2.5% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.9-2.1% of monopotassium phosphate, 8-15% of zinc sulfate and the balance of silicon fertilizer.
A preparation method of a medicament for effectively preventing a grain crop from absorbing cadmium in soil comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing raw materials, namely adding deionized water into a mixing reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the deionized water to 15-25 ℃, then sequentially adding compound sodium nitrophenolate, monopotassium phosphate, zinc sulfate and silicon fertilizer into the deionized water, and fully dissolving the compound sodium nitrophenolate, monopotassium phosphate, zinc sulfate and silicon fertilizer under the action of ultrasonic stirring to obtain a medicament aqueous solution;
and step two, crystallization operation, namely crystallizing the aqueous solution of the medicament prepared in the step one in a crystallization device at a constant temperature of not more than 10 ℃ and at a low temperature in a negative pressure environment of 0.1-0.5 times of standard atmospheric pressure, continuously performing ultrasonic oscillation operation on the aqueous solution of the medicament in the crystallization process until crystals with the water content of not more than 3% are obtained, crushing the crystals to obtain crystal particles with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, and packaging the crystal particles to obtain a finished product.
Further, in the second step, when the crystal particles are packed, the prepared crystal particles may be diluted 10 to 100 times by volume with deionized water, and the aqueous solution may be packed.
Furthermore, the crystallization equipment in the second step comprises a bearing frame, a crystallization kettle, a negative pressure pump, a crystallization plate, a crushing roller set, a scraper blade, a lifting driving mechanism, an ultrasonic oscillation mechanism, a heat exchange pipe, a refrigeration mechanism, a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor and a driving circuit, wherein the bearing frame is of a U-shaped groove-mounted structure in the axial section, at least one crystallization kettle is embedded in the bearing frame, all crystallization kettle rings are distributed in parallel with the axis of the crystallization kettle, the axis of the crystallization kettle is distributed in parallel with the axis of the bearing frame, the crystallization kettle is of a columnar closed cavity structure, the bottom of the crystallization kettle is of an inverted conical structure and is provided with a discharge port which is coaxially distributed with the crystallization kettle, a liquid filling port, an air exhaust port and at least one heat exchange port are arranged on the upper end surface of the crystallization kettle, the crystallization plate-shaped structure with a rectangular cross section is embedded in the crystallization kettle and uniformly distributed around the axis of the crystallization kettle, the upper end surface of the crystallization plate is connected with the upper end surface of a crystallization kettle, the distance between the lower end surface and the bottom of the crystallization kettle is 0-50 mm, a heat exchange cavity which is coaxially distributed with the crystallization plate is arranged in the crystallization plate, the heat exchange tubes are embedded in the heat exchange cavity and distributed in a spiral structure around the axis of the heat exchange cavity, the upper end surface of the heat exchange tubes is connected with a refrigerating mechanism through a heat exchange port, at least one ultrasonic oscillation mechanism is arranged on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the crystallization plate, the ultrasonic oscillation mechanisms at the positions of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the crystallization plate are distributed in the same linear direction which is distributed in parallel with the axis of the crystallization plate, the side surface of the crystallization plate is connected with a lifting driving mechanism, the axis of the lifting driving mechanism is distributed in parallel with the axis of the crystallization plate, a scraper plate is arranged on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the crystallization plate, the scraper plate is abutted against and connected with the front end surface and the rear end surface of the crystallization plate in a sliding manner and forms an included angle of 15-60 degrees, the scraper blade both ends are passed through the connecting rod and are connected with lift actuating mechanism, and the connecting rod both ends are articulated with scraper blade and lift actuating mechanism respectively, crushing roller group is connected with the crystallizer bottom to be located discharge gate top 5-20 millimeters, temperature sensor, baroceptor encircle crystallizer axis equipartition at crystallizer top internal surface, negative pressure pump, refrigeration mechanism, drive circuit all inlay in bearing the frame, wherein negative pressure pump and gas vent intercommunication, drive circuit respectively with negative pressure pump, refrigeration mechanism, crushing roller group, lift actuating mechanism, ultrasonic oscillation mechanism electrical connection.
Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent crystallizing plates is 5-20 cm, and the width of the crystallizing plate is 60% -90% of the inner diameter of the crystallizing kettle.
Furthermore, the driving circuit is a circuit system based on any one of an industrial single chip and a programmable controller, and the driving circuit is additionally provided with a multi-path direct-current power supply circuit and a serial communication circuit.
The product of the invention has simple production process and low production cost, and has no toxic or side effect on personnel and environment, and the invention can effectively provide growth and development nutrients for crops, promote the healthy growth of the crops and simultaneously effectively achieve the effects of disease prevention, insect prevention and toxicity reduction; the prepared medicament aqueous solution is crystallized at a constant temperature of not more than 10 ℃ in a crystallization device at a low temperature in a negative pressure environment of 0.1-0.5 times of standard atmospheric pressure, the medicament aqueous solution is subjected to continuous ultrasonic oscillation operation in the crystallization process until crystals with the water content of not more than 3% are obtained, the crystals are crushed to obtain crystal particles with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, and the crystal particles are packaged to obtain finished products, so that the soil quality can be effectively improved, the absorption of plants to heavy metal ions cadmium is reduced, and the aim of reducing heavy metal plant pollution is fulfilled.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of use of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a crystallization apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a crystallization plate.
The reference numbers in the figures: the device comprises a bearing frame 1, a crystallization kettle 2, a negative pressure pump 3, a crystallization plate 4, a crushing roller group 5, a scraper 6, a lifting driving mechanism 7, an ultrasonic oscillation mechanism 8, a heat exchange pipe 9, a refrigeration mechanism 10, a temperature sensor 11, an air pressure sensor 12, a driving circuit 13, a heat exchange cavity 14, a connecting rod 15, a discharge hole 21, a liquid adding hole 22, an exhaust port 23 and a heat exchange hole 24.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the implementation of the technical means, creation features, achievement of the purpose and the efficacy of the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, a method for effectively preventing a grain crop from absorbing cadmium in soil comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a medicament, namely firstly taking a blocking medicament, adding the obtained blocking medicament into deionized water with the total amount being 1000 times of the total amount of the blocking medicament, fully dissolving the obtained blocking medicament in a constant temperature environment at the temperature of not more than 20 ℃ to obtain a blocking medicament aqueous solution, and standing the blocking medicament aqueous solution for at least 5 hours for use;
s2, spraying, namely uniformly spraying the standing blocking agent aqueous solution on the surface of the crop in a constant temperature environment of 20-30 ℃ to avoid direct sunlight, and ensuring that the surface of the crop is free from direct sunlight and water drenching within at least 4 hours after spraying.
In this embodiment, in the step S2, when spraying the crops, the spraying operation is performed in three batches at the tillering stage, the heading poplar stage, and the grain filling stage of the crops, respectively.
In this embodiment, in the step S2, the spraying agent may not be mixed with the alkaline drug during the spraying operation, and the spraying agent needs to be re-sprayed when it rains within three hours after the spraying operation in the burning sun.
The spraying operation is described with reference to the specific embodiment, which comprises the following specific contents;
in the early flowering period of crop growth and development, 10ml of compound sodium nitrophenolate is added with 1000g of zinc sulfate, 6000g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 6000g of silicon fertilizer, 10 liters of water are added before 10 am and after 4 pm to spray crops.
Firstly, 1 liter of water is put into a container and dissolved at the room temperature of 20 ℃, 10ml of compound sodium nitrophenolate is diluted with 1000g of zinc sulfate and 6000g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and then the mixture is completely sprayed on crops, so as to achieve the effect of promoting the crops.
In the tillering stage of crops, 10ml of compound sodium nitrophenolate is added with 1000g of zinc sulfate, 100g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 6000g of silicon fertilizer, 10 liters of water are added before 10 am and after 4 pm to spray the crops.
Firstly, 1 liter of water is put into a container and dissolved at the room temperature of 20 ℃, 10ml of compound sodium nitrophenolate is diluted with 1000g of zinc sulfate and 6000g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and then the mixture is completely sprayed on crops, so as to achieve the effect of promoting the crops.
In the ear-growing poplar flowering period of crops, 10ml of compound sodium nitrophenolate is added with 1000g of zinc sulfate, 6000g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 100g of silicon fertilizer, 10 liters of water are added before 10 am and after 4 pm, and the crops are sprayed.
Firstly, 1 liter of water is put into a container and dissolved at the room temperature of 20 ℃, 10ml of compound sodium nitrophenolate is diluted with 1000g of zinc sulfate and 6000g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and then the mixture is completely sprayed on crops, so as to achieve the effect of promoting the crops.
In the grain filling period, 10ml of compound sodium nitrophenolate is added with 1000g of zinc sulfate, 100g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 6000g of silicon fertilizer, 10 liters of water are added before 10 am and after 4 pm, and the crops are sprayed.
Firstly, 1 liter of water is put into a container and dissolved at the room temperature of 20 ℃, 10ml of compound sodium nitrophenolate is diluted with 1000g of zinc sulfate and 6000g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and then the mixture is completely sprayed on crops, so as to achieve the effect of promoting the crops.
A medicament for effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3-2.5% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.9-2.1% of monopotassium phosphate, 8-15% of zinc sulfate and the balance of silicon fertilizer.
Specifically, the following are provided:
the silicon fertilizer (Si) is a good quality fertilizer, a health-care fertilizer and a plant-regulating fertilizer, and is a novel multifunctional fertilizer which cannot be compared with other chemical fertilizers. The silicon fertilizer can be used as a fertilizer for providing nutrients, and can also be used as a soil conditioner for improving soil. In addition, it also has disease preventing, insect preventing and toxicity reducing effects. The fertilizer has the outstanding advantages of no toxicity, no smell, no deterioration, no loss, no public nuisance and the like, and can become a high-efficiency high-quality fertilizer for developing green ecological agriculture.
Zinc sulfate (Zinc sulfate) chemical formula ZnSO4 Zinc is one of essential nutrient elements of plants, white flower seedlings are easy to appear in corn Zinc deficiency, growth is stopped even seedlings die in severe Zinc deficiency, Zinc fertilizers such as Zinc sulfate and the like are added to sandy loam or field blocks with too high pH values, and the yield is increased.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (Potassium dihydrogen phosphate) formula
The KH2PO4 product is widely applicable to almost all types of crops such as various economic crops, grains, melons and fruits, vegetables and the like, and various provinces and provinces carry out a lot of related application experiments aiming at potassium dihydrogen phosphate suitable for various typical crops by local expert institutions such as agricultural institutions, soil and fertilizer stations and the like.
Compound Sodium phenolate, English name: Compound Sodium Nitrophenolate, molecular formula: C6H4NO3Na, broad-spectrum plant growth regulator, it has effects of promoting cell protoplasm flow, improving cell activity, accelerating plant growth and development, promoting root and strengthening seedling, protecting flower and fruit, increasing fruit setting, increasing yield, enhancing stress resistance, etc.
Referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing a medicament for effectively preventing a grain crop from absorbing cadmium in soil comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing raw materials, namely adding deionized water into a mixing reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the deionized water to 15-25 ℃, then sequentially adding compound sodium nitrophenolate, monopotassium phosphate, zinc sulfate and silicon fertilizer into the deionized water, and fully dissolving the compound sodium nitrophenolate, monopotassium phosphate, zinc sulfate and silicon fertilizer under the action of ultrasonic stirring to obtain a medicament aqueous solution;
and step two, crystallization operation, namely crystallizing the aqueous solution of the medicament prepared in the step one in a crystallization device at a constant temperature of not more than 10 ℃ and at a low temperature in a negative pressure environment of 0.1-0.5 times of standard atmospheric pressure, continuously performing ultrasonic oscillation operation on the aqueous solution of the medicament in the crystallization process until crystals with the water content of not more than 3% are obtained, crushing the crystals to obtain crystal particles with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, and packaging the crystal particles to obtain a finished product.
In this embodiment, in the second step, when the finished product is continuously packed, the prepared crystal particles may be diluted by 10 to 100 times of the volume of deionized water, and the aqueous solution is packed.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second-step crystallization device comprises a bearing frame 1, a crystallization kettle 2, a negative pressure pump 3, a crystallization plate 4, a crushing roller set 5, a scraper 6, a lifting driving mechanism 7, an ultrasonic oscillation mechanism 8, a heat exchange tube 9, a refrigeration mechanism 10, a temperature sensor 11, an air pressure sensor 12 and a driving circuit 13, wherein the bearing frame 1 is a groove-type structure with a U-shaped axial section, at least one crystallization kettle 2 is embedded in the bearing frame 1, each crystallization kettle 2 ring is distributed in parallel with the axis of the crystallization kettle 2, the axis of the crystallization kettle 2 is distributed in parallel with the axis of the bearing frame 1, the crystallization kettle 2 is a columnar closed cavity structure, the bottom of the crystallization kettle is an inverted cone structure, and is provided with a discharge port 21 which is coaxially distributed with the crystallization kettle 2, the upper end surface of the crystallization kettle 2 is provided with a liquid adding port 22, an exhaust port 23 and at least one heat exchange port 24, the crystallization plate 4 is a plate-shaped structure with a rectangular cross section, is embedded in the crystallization kettle 2 and is uniformly distributed around the axis of the crystallization kettle 2, the upper end surface of the crystallization plate 4 is connected with the upper end surface of the crystallization kettle 2, the interval between the lower end surface and the bottom of the crystallization kettle 2 is 0-50 mm, a heat exchange cavity 14 which is coaxially distributed with the crystallization plate 4 is arranged in the crystallization plate 4, a heat exchange pipe 9 is embedded in the heat exchange cavity 14 and is distributed around the axis of the heat exchange cavity 14 in a spiral structure, the upper end surface of the heat exchange pipe 9 is connected with a refrigerating mechanism 10 through a heat exchange port 24, at least one ultrasonic oscillation mechanism 8 is arranged on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the crystallization plate 4, the ultrasonic oscillation mechanisms 8 on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the crystallization plate 4 are distributed in the same straight line direction which is distributed in parallel with the axis of the crystallization plate 4, the side surface of the crystallization plate 4 is connected with a lifting driving mechanism 7, and the axis of the lifting driving mechanism 7 is distributed in parallel with the axis of the crystallization plate 4, the front end face and the rear end face of the crystallization plate 4 are both provided with a scraper 6, the surface of the scraper 6 is propped against and is connected with the front end face and the rear end face of the crystallization plate 4 in a sliding way and forms an included angle of 15-60 degrees, the two ends of the scraper 6 are connected with a lifting driving mechanism 7 through a connecting rod 15, and two ends of the connecting rod 15 are respectively hinged with the scraper 6 and the lifting driving mechanism 7, the crushing roller group 5 is connected with the bottom of the crystallization kettle 2, and is positioned 5-20 mm above the discharge port 21, the temperature sensor 11 and the air pressure sensor 12 are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the top of the crystallization kettle 2 around the axis of the crystallization kettle 2, the negative pressure pump 3, the refrigerating mechanism 10 and the drive circuit 13 are all embedded in the bearing frame 1, the negative pressure pump 3 is communicated with the exhaust port 23, and the driving circuit 13 is electrically connected with the negative pressure pump 3, the refrigerating mechanism 10, the crushing roller group 5, the lifting driving mechanism 7 and the ultrasonic oscillation mechanism 8 respectively.
Wherein, the crystallization plates 4 are uniformly distributed along the direction vertical to the axis of the crystallization kettle 2, the distance between two adjacent crystallization plates 4 is 5-20 cm, and the width of the crystallization plate 4 is 60% -90% of the inner diameter of the crystallization kettle 2.
Meanwhile, the driving circuit 13 is a circuit system based on any one of an industrial single chip and a programmable controller, and the driving circuit 13 is additionally provided with a multi-path direct-current power supply circuit and a serial communication circuit.
The product of the invention has simple production process and low production cost, has no toxic or side effect on personnel and environment, can effectively provide growth and development nutrients for crops, promotes the healthy growth of the crops, and can also effectively achieve the effects of disease prevention, insect prevention and toxicity reduction; on the other hand, the soil quality can be effectively improved, and the absorption of plants to heavy metal ions cadmium is prevented, so that the aim of reducing the heavy metal pollution to plants is fulfilled.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A method for effectively preventing grain crops from absorbing cadmium in soil is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a medicament, namely firstly taking a blocking medicament, adding the obtained blocking medicament into deionized water with the total amount being 1000 times of the total amount of the blocking medicament, fully dissolving the obtained blocking medicament in a constant temperature environment at the temperature of not more than 20 ℃ to obtain a blocking medicament aqueous solution, and standing the blocking medicament aqueous solution for at least 5 hours for use;
s2, spraying, namely uniformly spraying the standing blocking agent aqueous solution on the surface of the crop in a constant temperature environment of 20-30 ℃ to avoid direct sunlight, and ensuring that the surface of the crop is free from direct sunlight and water drenching within at least 4 hours after spraying.
2. The method for effectively preventing the grain crops from absorbing the cadmium in the soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step S2, when spraying the crops, spraying the crops in three batches at the tillering stage, the heading poplar flowering stage and the crop grouting stage.
3. The method for effectively preventing the grain crops from absorbing the cadmium in the soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the spraying agent can not be mixed with alkaline drugs during spraying operation, and needs to be re-sprayed when encountering rain within three hours after spraying in a burning sun.
4. An agent for use in the method of claim 1 for effectively preventing soil absorption of cadmium by a food crop, characterized by: the paint consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.3-2.5% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.9-2.1% of monopotassium phosphate, 8-15% of zinc sulfate and the balance of silicon fertilizer.
5. The method for producing the pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing raw materials, namely adding deionized water into a mixing reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the deionized water to 15-25 ℃, then sequentially adding compound sodium nitrophenolate, monopotassium phosphate, zinc sulfate and silicon fertilizer into the deionized water, and fully dissolving the compound sodium nitrophenolate, monopotassium phosphate, zinc sulfate and silicon fertilizer under the action of ultrasonic stirring to obtain a medicament aqueous solution;
and step two, crystallization operation, namely crystallizing the aqueous solution of the medicament prepared in the step one in a crystallization device at a constant temperature of not more than 10 ℃ and at a low temperature in a negative pressure environment of 0.1-0.5 times of standard atmospheric pressure, continuously performing ultrasonic oscillation operation on the aqueous solution of the medicament in the crystallization process until crystals with the water content of not more than 3% are obtained, crushing the crystals to obtain crystal particles with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, and packaging the crystal particles to obtain a finished product.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in the second step, when the crystal particles are packed, the prepared crystal particles are diluted 10 to 100 times by volume with deionized water, and the aqueous solution is packed.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: in the second step, the crystallization equipment comprises a bearing frame (1), crystallization kettles (2), a negative pressure pump (3), a crystallization plate (4), a crushing roller group (5), a scraper (6), a lifting driving mechanism (7), an ultrasonic oscillation mechanism (8), a heat exchange pipe (9), a refrigeration mechanism (10), a temperature sensor (11), an air pressure sensor (12) and a driving circuit (13), wherein at least one crystallization kettle (2) is embedded in the bearing frame (1), the axes of the crystallization kettles (2) and the crystallization kettles (2) are distributed in parallel, the axes of the crystallization kettles (2) and the axis of the bearing frame (1) are distributed in parallel, the crystallization kettles (2) are of a columnar closed cavity structure, the bottoms of the crystallization kettles are of inverted conical structures, and are provided with discharge ports (21) which are coaxially distributed with the crystallization kettles (2), the upper end face of each crystallization kettle (2) is provided with a liquid filling port (22), an exhaust port (23, the crystallization plate (4) is of a plate-shaped structure with a rectangular cross section, is embedded in the crystallization kettle (2) and uniformly distributed around the axis of the crystallization kettle (2), the upper end surface of the crystallization plate (4) is connected with the upper end surface of the crystallization kettle (2), the interval between the lower end surface and the bottom of the crystallization kettle (2) is 0-50 mm, a heat exchange cavity (14) which is coaxially distributed with the crystallization plate (4) is arranged in the crystallization plate (4), a heat exchange tube (9) is embedded in the heat exchange cavity (14) and distributed around the axis of the heat exchange cavity (14) in a spiral structure, the upper end surface of the heat exchange tube (9) is connected with a refrigeration mechanism (10) through a heat exchange port (24), at least one ultrasonic oscillation mechanism (8) is arranged on both the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the crystallization plate (4), and the ultrasonic oscillation mechanisms (8) at the positions of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the crystallization plate (4) are distributed in the same straight line direction which is distributed in parallel with the axis of the crystallization plate (4), crystallization board (4) side surface is connected with lift actuating mechanism (7), and lift actuating mechanism (7) axis and crystallization board (4) axis parallel distribution, a scraper blade (6) is all established to preceding terminal surface of crystallization board (4) and rear end face, scraper blade (6) face offsets and sliding connection and is 15-60 contained angles with preceding terminal surface of crystallization board (4) and rear end face, scraper blade (6) both ends are connected with lift actuating mechanism (7) through connecting rod (15), and connecting rod (15) both ends are articulated with scraper blade (6) and lift actuating mechanism (7) respectively, crushing roller set (5) are connected with crystallization kettle (2) bottom to be located discharge gate (21) top 5-20 millimeters, temperature sensor (11), atmospheric pressure sensor (12) encircle crystallization kettle (2) axis equipartition at crystallization kettle (2) top internal surface, negative pressure pump (3), Refrigerating mechanism (10), drive circuit (13) all inlay in bearing frame (1), wherein negative pressure pump (3) and gas vent (23) intercommunication, drive circuit (13) respectively with negative pressure pump (3), refrigerating mechanism (10), crushing roller set (5), lift actuating mechanism (7), ultrasonic oscillation mechanism (8) electrical connection.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the distance between two adjacent crystallization plates (4) is 5-20 cm, and the width of the crystallization plates (4) is 60% -90% of the inner diameter of the crystallization kettle (2).
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: the driving circuit (13) is a circuit system based on any one of an industrial single chip and a programmable controller, and the driving circuit (13) is additionally provided with a multi-path direct-current power supply circuit and a serial port communication circuit.
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