CN108129200A - Active micro-nano composite soil conditioner of agricultural charcoal and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Active micro-nano composite soil conditioner of agricultural charcoal and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108129200A CN108129200A CN201810017449.7A CN201810017449A CN108129200A CN 108129200 A CN108129200 A CN 108129200A CN 201810017449 A CN201810017449 A CN 201810017449A CN 108129200 A CN108129200 A CN 108129200A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of micro-nano composite soil conditioners of novel active agricultural charcoal and preparation method thereof, belong to soil conditioner technology and technical field of composite fertilizer.The above-mentioned micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal consists of the following components in percentage by weight：Micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal 40 60%, other auxiliary materials 40 60%；Wherein, other auxiliary materials consist of the following components in percentage by weight：Agricultural-forestry biomass waste 25 35%, nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral 15 35%, natural macromolecular organic substance 15 30% and Chinese medicine 15 30%.The micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal prepared by the present invention has the function of preferable soil pesticide, heavy metal hazard residue in-situ immobilization, and can take into account soil fertility and be promoted and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil conditioner technology and technical field of composite fertilizer, and in particular to a kind of novel active agricultural life
Micro-nano composite soil conditioner of object charcoal and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The research of soil conditioner starts from the end of the 19th century, and studying more has natural conditioner, artificial synthesized modifying agent, day
So-synthetic copolymer conditioner and controlling algae.Soil conditioner can effectively improve soil physical and chemical property and soil nutrient
Situation, and actively impact is generated to edaphon, so as to improve the productivity of degenerated soil.Soil conditioner is extensive at present
Applied to the improvement of degenerated soil, improving effect is mainly reflected in：First, improve soil physical property, the water conservation for enhancing soil
Venting capability；Enhance the validity of Nutrient Elements in Soil, increase soil fertility；Second is that improve beneficial microbe and enzyme in soil
Activity inhibits pathogenic microorganism, enhances the immunity of plant；Third, hazard residue in soil is reduced, enhancing soil auto-degradation,
The transfer ability of the detergent powers, especially Heavy Metals from Polluted Soils with Heavy Metals Cd, Pb, Zn, Co, Cu, Ni etc. such as conversion inhibits
Crop is to Metal uptake.But natural conditioner improved effect is limited, and has the duration short or the problems such as the limitation of reserves；Manually
High cost and the potential risk of environmental pollution of the high-molecular compound of synthesis and limit its extensive use；Single soil
Conditioner, such as there are improved effect is not comprehensive or have different degrees of negative for zeolite, flyash, sludge, green manure, polyacrylamide
The problems such as face is rung.In recent years, low productive soil is carried out by primary raw material development of new multifunction soil conditioner of natural material
Improvement be the research of current soil conditioner hot spot.
Invention content
It is serious to solve Pesticide Residue in Soil, heavy metal pollution, the problems such as soil hardening, a kind of novel work provided by the invention
Property the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of agricultural charcoal, herbal treatment, soil joint are repaired and combined together with natural fertilizers, is
It is a kind of have the characteristics that Novel pollution-free, noresidue, have no toxic side effect, source is wide, degradable, of low cost novel and multifunctional
Composite soil conditioner fertilizer.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention offer technical solution is as follows：
The present invention provides a kind of micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal, by following weight percent
Component composition：Micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal 40-60%, other auxiliary material 40-60%；Wherein,
Other auxiliary materials consist of the following components in percentage by weight：Agricultural biomass waste and/or forestry biomass
Matter waste 30-35%, nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral 15-35%, natural macromolecular organic substance 15-30% and Chinese medicine
15-30%.
Further, the preparation method of the micro-nano active agricultural charcoal is：
Step 1：Raw material is dried and coarse crushing；
Step 2：The thermal cracking under anaerobism or anoxia condition；
Step 3：The product progress of thermal cracking is finely divided, it is then sieved, obtains less than 500 μm micro-nano active agricultural lifes
Object charcoal crude product；
Step 4：Activity agricultural charcoal crude product micro-nano in step 3 is passed sequentially through into weak oxidant solution, alkaline solution
It carries out activity processing and obtains within each 12 hours micro-nano active agricultural charcoal.
Further, in the step 1, raw material is agricultural biomass waste and/or forestry biomass waste；
In the step 2, by being passed through oxygen concentration in nitrogen regulation system；
The raw material is that agricultural biomass castoff heat cracking temperature is 280 DEG C；
The raw material is that forestry biomass castoff heat cracking temperature is 650 DEG C,
Mixing of the raw material for agricultural biomass waste and forestry biomass waste (agricultural-forestry biomass waste)
Object thermal cracking temperature is 450 DEG C；
In the step 4, weak oxidant is hydrogen peroxide, and alkaline solution is soda lime solution or ammonium hydroxide.
Preferably, the agricultural biomass waste is in crop material, crop shell class, grain shell class, feces of livestock and poultry etc.
It is one or more.
Preferably, the forestry biomass waste is one kind or more in sawdust, bamboo scraps, branch, bamboo branch, leaf etc.
Kind.
Preferably, the nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral are silicate mineral, carbonate mineral and phosphate mineral；Institute
The mass ratio for stating silicate mineral, carbonate mineral and phosphate mineral is 1:1:1；The silicate mineral is montmorillonite, recessed
It is one or more in convex stick stone and galapectite etc.；The carbonate mineral is one in stalactite, calcite and dolomite etc.
Kind is a variety of；The phosphate mineral is hydroxyapatite and/or fluorine phosphorus lime etc..
Preferably, the natural macromolecular organic substance is two kinds in humic acid, chitin, chitosan and cellulose etc.
The mixture formed with first-class mass mixing.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine ingredients are Chinese herbal medicine and mineral drug；The Chinese herbal medicine and mineral drug quality ratio are 1:
1；The Chinese herbal medicine is Gynura bicolor and frankincense etc.；The mineral drug is two kinds in actinolite, stalactite and medical stone etc.
The mixture mixed above formed.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the above-mentioned micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal,
Including：
Step 1：The preparation of micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal, agricultural biomass waste use anaerobic in low temperature thermal cracking charcoal
Change technology (micro- charring process), forestry biomass waste use high temperature anaerobic thermal cracking charring process, their mixture is adopted
With middle anaerobic in low temperature thermal cracking charring process.
Step 2：Other auxiliary materials are finely divided and are sieved, and obtain less than 500 microns of other auxiliary material powder；
Step 3：Above-mentioned each raw material powder is mixed in proportion；
Step 4：It adds in water progress heating stirring in mixed-powder into step 2 to be uniformly mixed, heating temperature 60-80
DEG C, until total moisture content is evaporated to 10-20%, it is subsequently cooled to micro-nano compound up to novel active agricultural charcoal after room temperature
Soil conditioner.
The micro-nano charcoal composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural biology of preparation is admixed into soil (600kg/ by above-mentioned
Mu~40kg/ mus, depending on heavy metal pollution degree, 450-600kg/ mus of severe, 300-450kg/ mus of moderate, slight 150-
300kg/ mus, other hardened, adjust acid, 40-150kg/ mu of fertilizer efficiency etc.), pour suitable quantity of water (not occurring bright water to be preferred), conditioner and
Soil carries out spontaneous fermentation two weeks, it is made fully to interact with geobiont body and hazard residue, realize mineralization, humic
Change, immobilization and stabilisation.
The raw material sources that the present invention uses are extensive, are made of of low cost, free of contamination natural material, including with micro-nano
The active agricultural charcoal of rice is major ingredient, organic with agricultural biomass waste, nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral, natural macromolecular
Substance, Chinese medicine are auxiliary material, can be according to soil pollution severity, soil girth of a garment degree and soil pest and disease damage journey per constituents
Degree, is adjusted its ratio.In order to which product is made to better conform to local market actual conditions, the material composition of soil conditioner can
Carry out similar component replacement (but its function of best incorporated and pharmacological property carry out similar replacement).Some medicinal ore deposits in soil conditioner
Object and Chinese herbal medicine etc. have herbal treatment characteristic, can enhance the immunity of soil and its organism itself and disease-resistant fungus damage ability,
Promote the quantity of a large amount of beneficial organism groups of soil and activity, the growth and breeding of the harmful causal organism of inhibition, decompose release soil
Middle mass efficient substance and the secondary metabolites of production plant growth breeding and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc..
Meanwhile the biomass such as agriculture and forestry organic waste material and Chinese herbal medicine are by improving the organism for breeding and growing (mainly micro- life
Object) generate Special Decomposition enzyme benefit, microorganism species benefit (releasable a large amount of ferment (enzyme) and some special expelling parasite bateriostatics
Matter), the hazard residues such as energy degrading pesticide and conversion heavy metal inhibit harmful growth of pathogenic microorganism and breeding and expelling parasite etc..
All the components in the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal prepared by the present invention are respectively provided with
Fertilizer efficiency function, if nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral discharge a large amount of middle and trace elements, biomass decomposition formed a large amount of amino acid,
The biological organic matters such as sugar, plant hormone, ferment, herbal treatment breeding and the organism (mainly microorganism) of growth can activate soil
Earth cure component, release Soil available microelement (iron, zinc, manganese, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc.), natural macromolecular organic substance itself tool
There is fertilizer efficiency function, persistently promote the fertility of soil.
All the components can be realized and the noxious pollutants such as heavy metal-polluted soil, pesticide are consolidated in the soil conditioner of the present invention
A variety of physics such as change/stabilisation/catalysis and chemical combined reparation, the micro-nano composite soil conditioner being formed simultaneously is due to having
Superpower absorption sequestering power and outstanding catalytic capability that huge specific surface area, multi-functional group and compound cause itself etc. are not only
Soil remediation efficiency can be increased substantially, can also improve the breeding and growth of a large amount of organisms of soil (mainly microorganism), it is real
Existing Co-bioremediation, loose hardened soil improve soil physico-chemical property and structure, improve pH value, and soil is made to have water conservation, increase
The multi-functionals such as fertile, ventilative and reparation.In addition, the curing/stabilizing effect of the soil conditioner of the present invention and Chinese medicine characteristic can
Alleviate severe nuisance the poisoning function of early stage organism, breeding and the organism of growth are had concurrently it is gradually biological prosthetic cure/
The function of nuisance that the peripheral doses such as stabilisation gradually discharge.
The micro-nano active agricultural charcoal of conditioner of the present invention, can not only efficient absorption and efficient catalytic conversion it is harmful residual
It stays, moreover it is possible to as slow release Fertilizer application, the breeding of herbal treatment indigenous microbes and growth, you can degradation and conversion soil weight
The hazard residues such as metal, pesticide, and the harm of foreign term caused by microorganism remediation can be avoided.
" traditional Chinese medical science agricultural " thought that conditioner fusion Traditional Chinese Medicine of the present invention is combined with modern agriculture, it then follows natural biology
The ecocycle rule of " counteracting each other, harmonious symbiosis " is taken " relying mainly on prevention, prevention combines, treating both manifestation and root cause of disease, whole health care "
Principle.It is a kind of herbal treatment, the new soil recuperation agent fertilizer that soil joint is repaired and natural fertilizers combine together, the purpose is to
Replace or control the use of chemical pesticide and chemical fertilizer to greatest extent, promote organism " original returns original " and restore original ecology healthy life
It is long, it really produces the safe organic farm products of " high-quality, ecological, healthy, nutrition ", solve the disease occurred during biological growth
Bacterium insect pest ensures biological healthy growth and natural ecological circulation balance.
The present invention provides a kind of micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal and preparation method thereof, tools
There is following advantageous effect：
1) raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, of low cost, pollution-free；
2) the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal prepared by the present invention has conditioning geobiont
Unique Chinese medicine characteristic of body, the nano-meter characteristic of hazard residue reparation and compound cooperative characteristics, abundant nutrition needed for geobiont body
Ingredient, the features such as inhibiting pathogenic microorganism growth and breeding and decomposable harmful substances remaining traditional Chinese medicine ingredients；
3) the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal prepared by the present invention is to heavy metal-polluted soil, pesticide
Noxious pollutants is waited to realize a variety of physics and the chemical combined reparations such as collaboration curing/stabilizing/catalysis, while improve flourish
A large amount of geobiont bodies (mainly microorganism), and can realize Co-bioremediation, loose hardened soil adjusts pH, improves
Soil physical chemistry performance and structure make soil have the multi-functionals such as water conservation, getting fat, ventilative and reparation；
4) the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal of the invention is suitable for farmland, factory, mining area
The repairing and treating of the harmful pollutions such as pesticides, heavy metal is waited, also can replace or control the use of chemical pesticide and chemical fertilizer to greatest extent,
It can be additionally used in loose hardened soil, improve soil physico-chemical property and structure, improve pH value etc..
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal of the preparation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to rare earth
Mining area pollution control repairing effect schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 is thin to sand
The plantings growth result figure such as type, heavy metal pollution type, acid type；
Fig. 3 is the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal of the preparation of the embodiment of the present invention 2 to farmland
The reparation of hardened soil and the contrast effect figure as Fertilizer application；
Fig. 4 is the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal of the preparation of the embodiment of the present invention 3 to copper mine
Mine tailings repairing effect figure.
Specific embodiment
To make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with specific implementation
Example and attached drawing are described in detail.
Said program is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrating
The present invention and be not limited to limit the scope of the invention.The implementation condition used in embodiment can be done according to the condition of specific producer
Further adjustment, the implementation condition being not specified is usually the condition in routine experiment.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available.
The present invention provides a kind of novel and multifunctional micro-nano active bio charcoal composite soil conditioner and preparation method thereof, tool
Body substance dosage and experimentation are referring to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1：
The present invention provides a kind of micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal, by following weight percent
Component composition：Micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal 50%, other auxiliary materials 50%；Wherein,
The preparation method of the micro-nano active agricultural charcoal is：
Step 1：Agricultural-forestry biomass waste is dried and coarse crushing；
Step 2：Nitrogen is passed through, thermal cracking temperature is 450 DEG C under anoxic conditions, and the time is 1-2.5 hours；
Step 3：The product progress of thermal cracking is finely divided, it is then sieved, obtains less than 500 μm micro-nano active agricultural lifes
Object charcoal crude product；
Step 4：By in step 3 it is micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal crude product pass sequentially through hydrogen peroxide solution, ammonia spirit into
The processing of row activity obtains micro-nano active agricultural charcoal for each 12 hours.
Other auxiliary materials consist of the following components in percentage by weight：Agricultural-forestry biomass waste 35% nonmetallic contains
Oxygen Barbiturates mineral 35%, natural macromolecular organic substance 15% and Chinese medicine 15%；
The agricultural-forestry biomass waste is branch, leaf, bamboo scraps and wheat stalk；
It is 1 that the nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral, which are mass ratio,:1:1 montmorillonite, stalactite, fluorine phosphorus lime.
The mixture that the natural macromolecular organic substance is formed for mass mixings such as humic acid and chitins；
The traditional Chinese medicine ingredients are that mass ratio is 1:1 Chinese herbal medicine and mineral drug；The Chinese herbal medicine is Gynura bicolor and breast
It is fragrant；The mineral drug is actinolite, stalactite and medical stone.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active theory charcoal, including：
Step 1：The preparation of micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal, anaerobic in low temperature charing skill during agricultural-forestry biomass waste uses
Art.
Step 2：Other auxiliary materials are finely divided and are sieved, and obtain less than 500 microns of other auxiliary material powder；
Step 3：Above-mentioned each raw material powder is mixed in proportion；
Step 4：Water progress heating stirring is added in mixed-powder into step 2 to be uniformly mixed, heating temperature is 70 DEG C,
Until total moisture content reaches 15%, it is micro- up to novel active agricultural charcoal to be subsequently cooled to after room temperature spontaneous fermentation 3 to 5 days
Nano combined soil conditioner.
It is 85.54% or so that conditioner manufactured in the present embodiment, which handles electroplating sludge 15 days drop cadmium rates, and drop copper rate exists
91.41%, this conditioner is 83.27% or so to 15 days drop copper rates of swine manure treatment, under equal conditions, compares copper in soil and contains
Amount declines 10.35-45.24% for 90 days, and arsenic content declines 0.1-50.12%, and Cd drops to 0.578mg/kg from 0.967mg/kg.
Capsicum and tomato are planted, comparison is found, copper concentration reduces by 50.2%, 62.8% and respectively in pepper root, stem and leaf during harvest
19.3%, copper concentration reduces by 83.4%, 75.6%, 43.4% and 89.7% respectively in eggplant root, stem, leaf and fruit.In rice
In, rice drop cadmium rate is up to 51.38%, and effective cadmium content of soil reduced rate >=35% realizes volume increase, and soil pH improves
≥0.75。
By the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment for rare-earth mining area soil
Earth reparation, sows grass-seed after 1 year, growth situation is shown in Fig. 1, any chemical fertilizer, grass-seed upgrowth situation are not applied in repair process
Well；The copper mining tailing dregs earth that not even a blade of grass grows is taken, through the mixed fermentation of the present embodiment conditioner after half a month, is sprinkled into grass seeds, January
Afterwards, hence it is evident that find out that the soil of soil conditioner processing grows small grass and comes (see Fig. 2).In addition, crop root vigor and chlorophyll contain
Amount also significantly improve, to pesticide such as DDVP, Isoprothiolane, chlopyrifos and butachlor when pesticides have obvious degradation effect (with when
Between extend, pesticide and content of beary metal are significantly reduced year by year), meanwhile, soil fertility significantly improves, especially cured available phosphorus
With the activity of trace element.
Embodiment 2：
The present invention provides a kind of micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal, by following weight percent
Component composition：Micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal 50%, other auxiliary materials 50%；Wherein,
The preparation method of the micro-nano active agricultural charcoal is：
Step 1：Agricultural biomass waste is dried and coarse crushing；
Step 2：Nitrogen is passed through, thermal cracking temperature is 280 DEG C under anoxic conditions, and the time is 1-2 hours；
Step 3：The product progress of thermal cracking is finely divided, it is then sieved, obtains less than 500 μm micro-nano active agricultural lifes
Object charcoal crude product；
Step 4：By agricultural active bio charcoal crude product micro-nano in step 3 pass sequentially through hydrogen peroxide solution, ammonia spirit into
The processing of row activity obtains micro-nano active agricultural charcoal for each 12 hours.
Other auxiliary materials consist of the following components in percentage by weight：Agricultural-forestry biomass waste 30%, nonmetal oxyacid acid
Saline minerals 15%, natural macromolecular organic substance 30% and Chinese medicine 25%.
The agricultural biomass waste is maize straw and chicken manure；
It is 1 that the nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral, which are mass ratio,:1:1 attapulgite, calcite, hydroxyapatite.
The mixture that the natural macromolecular organic substance is formed for mass mixings such as humic acid, cellulose and chitins；
The traditional Chinese medicine ingredients are that mass ratio is 1:1 Chinese herbal medicine and mineral drug；The Chinese herbal medicine is Gynura bicolor and breast
It is fragrant；The mineral drug is actinolite, stalactite and medical stone.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal, including：
Step 1：The preparation of micro-nano active agricultural charcoal is prepared, agricultural biomass waste is carbonized using anaerobic in low temperature
Technology (micro- charring process),
Step 2：Other auxiliary materials are finely divided and are sieved, and obtain less than 500 microns of other auxiliary material powder；
Step 3：Above-mentioned each raw material powder is mixed in proportion；
Step:4：It adds in water progress heating stirring in mixed-powder into step 2 to be uniformly mixed, heating temperature 60
DEG C, until total moisture content reaches 10%, spontaneous fermentation is subsequently cooled to after room temperature 3 to 5 days up to novel active agricultural charcoal
Micro-nano composite soil conditioner.
The above-mentioned micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal is admixed in soil, suitable quantity of water is poured and (does not go out
Existing bright water is preferred), conditioner carries out spontaneous fermentation two weeks with soil, makes it fully mutual with geobiont body and hazard residue
It acts on, realize mineralization, humification, immobilization and stabilisation.
The micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment is used for farmland knotts clay
Earth, equal conditions replacing fertilizer use, and effect is shown in Fig. 3.After 1 year, soil hardening is significantly loose, and original is the pH of strongly acidic soil
(close to neutrality) is significantly improved, soil with organic matter content increases considerably, and Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils significantly improves, and makees produce
Amount maintains an equal level substantially with chemical fertilizer.In addition, to lean soil, can obviously reduce fertilizer application amount, (as time went on, fertilizer amount can
To reduce year by year), experimental verification is found, conditioner has apparent fungistatic effect to soil harmful bacteria.Small area promotes table on probation
It is bright：Comparison tries out conditioner to the crop yields such as rice, rape 10-30% without using pesticide and chemical fertilizer.
The micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal in the present embodiment, method of application, which is similar to, to be passed
The method of application of system pesticide and chemical fertilizer.Its amount of application is also similar to that the amount of application of traditional pesticide and chemical fertilizer.If this soil conditioning
The traditional farm manure (can repair the hazard residues such as veterinary drug, heavy metal automatically) of agent cooperation and biological pesticide use, and can preferably play
Soil fertility is promoted and crop pest management effect.
Embodiment 3：
The present invention provides a kind of micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal, by following weight percent
Component composition：Micro-nano active bio charcoal 50%, other auxiliary materials 50%；Wherein,
The preparation method of above-mentioned micro-nano active agricultural charcoal is：
Step 1：Forestry waste is dried and coarse crushing；
Step 2：Nitrogen is passed through, thermal cracking temperature is 600 DEG C under anaerobic, and the time is 1.5-2.5 hours；
Step 3：The product progress of thermal cracking is finely divided, it is then sieved, obtains less than 500 μm micro-nano agricultural activity lifes
Object charcoal crude product；
Step 4：By in step 3 it is micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal crude product pass sequentially through hydrogen peroxide solution, soda lime liquid into
The processing of row activity obtains micro-nano active agricultural charcoal for each 12 hours.
Other auxiliary materials consist of the following components in percentage by weight：Agricultural-forestry biomass waste 25%, nonmetal oxyacid acid
Saline minerals 20%, natural macromolecular organic substance 25% and Chinese medicine 30%.
The forestry biomass waste is sawdust, bamboo scraps, branch, bamboo branch and leaf；
It is 0.5 that the nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral, which are mass ratio,:0.5:0.5:05:1 attapulgite, galapectite,
Calcite, dolomite, hydroxyapatite.
The mixture that the larger molecular organics matter is formed for mass mixings such as humic acid, cellulose and chitosans；
The traditional Chinese medicine ingredients are that mass ratio is 1:1 Chinese herbal medicine and mineral drug；The Chinese herbal medicine is Gynura bicolor and breast
It is fragrant；The mineral drug is actinolite, stalactite and medical stone.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal, including：
Step 1：The preparation of micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal, forestry biomass waste use high temperature anaerobic thermal cracking charcoal
Change technology.
Step 2：Other auxiliary materials are finely divided and are sieved, and obtain less than 500 microns of other auxiliary material powder；
Step 3：Above-mentioned each raw material powder is mixed in proportion；
Step 4：Water progress heating stirring is added in mixed-powder into step 2 to be uniformly mixed, heating temperature is 80 DEG C,
Until total moisture content reaches 20%, it is micro- up to novel active agricultural charcoal to be subsequently cooled to after room temperature spontaneous fermentation 3 to 5 days
Nano combined soil conditioner.
The above-mentioned micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal is admixed in soil, suitable quantity of water is poured and (does not go out
Existing bright water is preferred), conditioner carries out spontaneous fermentation two weeks with soil, makes it fully mutual with geobiont body and hazard residue
It acts on, realize mineralization, humification, immobilization and stabilisation.
By the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal manufactured in the present embodiment to husky thin, heavy metal
Type and acid soil carry out repair process, and after 1 year, planting plants, effect contrast figure is as shown in Figure 4, it was demonstrated that prepared by the present invention
The micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal improve husky thin soil, restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal and
Acid soil has positive effect.
Pesticide use is substituted under equal conditions, method of application is similar to the method for application of traditional pesticide and chemical fertilizer, amount of application
It is also similar to that the amount of application of traditional pesticide and chemical fertilizer.After use, crop can grow substantially, reduce by 1/3 dosage (as the time prolongs
Long, pesticide dosage can be reduced year by year), conditioner planting vegetable remains to normal growth, and rice cultivation yield is substantially unaffected.
Having obvious inhibiting effect is found to the experiment of the germs such as yellow twig, rice blast, has apparent expelling parasite to the insect pests such as locust and rice lice experiment
Effect.
Embodiment 4
Micro-nano active agricultural charcoal in embodiment 2 is increased to 60%, other auxiliary materials are reduced to 40%, remaining
Condition is same as Example 2.
Embodiment 5
Micro-nano active agricultural charcoal in embodiment 2 is reduced to 40%, other auxiliary materials increase to 60%, remaining
Condition is same as Example 2.
Since length is limited, to further illustrate the present invention the micro-nano composite soil of novel active agricultural charcoal of preparation
The advantages of conditioner, only builds comparative example by taking embodiment 2 as an example.
Comparative example 1
Micro-nano active agricultural charcoal in embodiment 2 is removed, remaining condition is same as Example 2.
Comparative example 2
Traditional Chinese medicine ingredients in embodiment 2 are removed, remaining condition is same as Example 2.
Selection soil is Jiangxi typical case farmland red soil, and quality is medium soil, and middle fertility, fertility is uniform, by above-mentioned reality
The conditioner and commercially available compound fertilizer for applying a 1-5 and comparative example 1-2 preparations are used in above-mentioned soil, tomato are planted, with per acre
40Kg soil conditioners (or commercially available composite fertilizer) are uniformly applied in the vegetable plot of tomato, and the per mu yield, disease-resistant of tomato is measured after 100 days
Property and fruit deformation rate are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
| Serial number | Per mu yield/Kg | Disease resistance/grade | Fruit deformation rate/% |
| Embodiment 1 | 4352.9 | 3.8 | 5.9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 4636.7 | 4.5 | 4.6 |
| Embodiment 3 | 4383.2 | 4.5 | 5.0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 4369.7 | 4.0 | 6.2 |
| Embodiment 5 | 4507.4 | 4.4 | 5.1 |
| Comparative example 1 | 4275.1 | 3.6 | 6.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3825.4 | 2.1 | 8.6 |
| Commercially available soil conditioner | 3758.6 | 1.7 | 9.5 |
As shown in Table 1, it is the micro-nano composite soil conditioner per mu yield of novel active agricultural charcoal that prepared by the present invention, anti-
Characteristic of disease and fruit deformation rate are superior to commercially available soil conditioner.
To sum up, the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal for preparing of the present invention be by herbal treatment,
Soil joint is repaired to combine together with natural fertilizers, be it is a kind of have Novel pollution-free, noresidue, have no toxic side effect, source extensively,
The novel and multifunctional micro-nano composite soil conditioner fertilizer of the features such as degradable, of low cost.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
The all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example is applied all to be described, for those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications should also regard
For protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal, which is characterized in that by following weight percent
Component composition：Micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal 40-60%, other auxiliary material 40-60%；Wherein,
Other auxiliary materials consist of the following components in percentage by weight：Agricultural biomass waste and/or forestry biomass give up
Gurry 25-35%, nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral 15-35%, natural macromolecular organic substance 15-30% and Chinese medicine 15-
30%.
2. the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The preparation method for stating micro-nano active agricultural charcoal is：
Step 1：Raw material is dried and coarse crushing；
Step 2：The thermal cracking under anaerobism or anoxia condition；
Step 3：The product progress of thermal cracking is finely divided, it is then sieved, obtains less than 500 μm micro-nano active agricultural charcoals
Crude product；
Step 4：By activity agricultural charcoal crude product micro-nano in step 3 passes sequentially through weak oxidant solution, alkaline solution carries out
Activity processing obtains micro-nano active agricultural charcoal for each 12 hours.
3. the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step 1, raw material is agricultural biomass waste and/or forestry biomass waste；
In the step 2, by being passed through oxygen concentration in nitrogen removing system；
The raw material is that agricultural biomass castoff heat cracking temperature is 280 DEG C；
The raw material is that forestry biomass castoff heat cracking temperature is 650 DEG C,
The raw material is that the mixture thermal cracking temperature of agricultural biomass waste and forestry biomass waste is 450 DEG C；
In the step 4, weak oxidant is hydrogen peroxide, and alkaline solution is soda lime solution or ammonium hydroxide.
4. the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal according to claim 1 or 3, feature exist
In the agricultural biomass waste is crop material, one or more in crop shell class, grain shell class, feces of livestock and poultry.
5. the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
It is one or more in sawdust, bamboo scraps, branch, bamboo branch, leaf to state forestry biomass waste.
6. the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Nonmetal oxyacid Barbiturates mineral are stated as silicate mineral, carbonate mineral and phosphate mineral；The silicate mineral, carbonic acid
The mass ratio of salt mineral and phosphate mineral is 1:1:1；The silicate mineral is in montmorillonite, attapulgite and galapectite
It is one or more；The carbonate mineral is one or more in stalactite, calcite and dolomite；The phosphate mineral
For hydroxyapatite and/or fluorine phosphorus lime.
7. the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State what natural macromolecular organic substance was formed for the two or more mass mixings in humic acid, chitin, chitosan and cellulose
Mixture.
8. the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Traditional Chinese medicine ingredients are stated as Chinese herbal medicine and mineral drug salt；The Chinese herbal medicine and mineral drug salt quality ratio are 1:1.
9. the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal according to claim 8, which is characterized in that institute
Chinese herbal medicine is stated as Gynura bicolor and frankincense；The mineral drug is the two or more mixing in actinolite, stalactite and medical stone
The mixture formed.
10. the preparation method of any micro-nano composite soil conditioners of novel active agricultural charcoal of claim 1-9,
It is characterised in that it includes：
Step 1：The preparation of micro-nano activity agricultural charcoal；
Step 2:Other auxiliary materials are finely divided and are sieved, and obtain less than 500 microns of other auxiliary material powder；
Step 3：Above-mentioned each raw material powder is mixed in proportion；
Step 4：It adds in suitable quantity of water progress heating stirring in mixed-powder into step 3 to be uniformly mixed, heating temperature 60-80
DEG C, until total moisture content is evaporated to 10-20%, heating time 1-3h, it is subsequently cooled to after room temperature spontaneous fermentation 3 to 5 days i.e.
Obtain the micro-nano composite soil conditioner of novel active agricultural charcoal.
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