CN101755403A - 具有集成光功率监控器的光纤阵列单元 - Google Patents

具有集成光功率监控器的光纤阵列单元 Download PDF

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CN101755403A
CN101755403A CN200880025434A CN200880025434A CN101755403A CN 101755403 A CN101755403 A CN 101755403A CN 200880025434 A CN200880025434 A CN 200880025434A CN 200880025434 A CN200880025434 A CN 200880025434A CN 101755403 A CN101755403 A CN 101755403A
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石田谦三
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Abstract

一种用于监控光纤阵列单元中的光功率的技术，该光纤阵列单元具有终止于其边缘的多个光传输波导，用于将光信号携带至平面光波电路PLC和/或携带来自所述平面光波电路PLC的光信号。分接滤光器放置于形成于所述基底内的狭缝内并中断所述传输通道，由此分接来自所述通道的至少一些光功率并引导所分接的光功率朝向相应的光检测器通道以用于检测，同时容许其它光功率在光纤阵列单元的所述至少一个通道中继续传输。

Description

具有集成光功率监控器的光纤阵列单元
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2007年7月12日提交的名称为“Fiber Array Unit withIntegrated Optical Power Monitor”美国临时申请60/949259号的优先权，于此通过引用将该申请整体并入。
技术领域
本发明涉及集成到光纤阵列单元(FAU)中的光功率监控功能元件，其能够容易地组装于标准平面光波电路(PLC)组件封装中，而不会危及质量和可靠性。
背景技术
用于光纤-光学镜的平面波导电路(PLC)中的传统的光通道监控通常分开实施于PLC产品封装的外部，导致光网络中的光通道监控的集成更加复杂。如果光通道监控功能元件集成到PLC组件中，则需要专门的PLC设计，并且整个PLC组件封装应当气密地密封，以使典型地与半导体光检测器器件关联的任何潮湿相关的可靠性免受影响。
例如，如果考虑外光通道监控器，它们需要与PLC封装分开的封装；和经由光纤接合的光路径连接，或其它PLC外部的光连接器化(connectorization)和光纤阵列单元(FAU)，该阵列单元沿PLC芯片边缘提供至PLC的光纤连接。整个封装的尺寸将增加，并且光连接路径也增加。需要光检测器和低损耗、零斜率熔融耦合器组件，需要至少两个熔融接合操作。这导致较高的成本、较大的尺寸和繁琐的组装。
沿PLC芯片的边缘直接联接至监控器波导的PLC封装内部的功率监控器检测器芯片也是可行的。然而，这需要专门设计的PLC，利用专用监控通道波导(从操作波导开始在芯片上分接(tapped))来驱动联接至芯片的功率监控器检测器。检测器与光纤阵列单元(FAU)分开，检测器总是需要沿芯片边缘至操作波导的联接，用于网络功能性。在此情况下，不能应用传统的现成的PLC芯片，因为它们通常不具有分开的监控器波导。还有，分开的光功率监控器检测器芯片需要抗潮湿环境保护，以提供长期可靠性。需要专门的技术，以联接该检测器芯片至与监控器波导对准的PLC芯片的边缘。并且，整个PLC封装仍需要气密密封，这显著地增加了封装成本。
本发明通过提供集成到光纤阵列单元的功率监控功能元件、无需专门的PLC新设计、且方便气密密封来解决这些问题。
发明内容
本发明处理了现有技术的缺点并提供了附加的优点，本发明一方面为一种与平面波导电路(PLC)一起使用的具有光功率监控器能力的光纤阵列单元(FAU)。所述FAU包括：基底；至少一个光信号传输通道，置于所述基底内，且终止于所述基底的边缘，用于将信号传输至所述PLC和/或传输来自所述PLC的信号。提供了分接滤光器和用于监控所述光信号的光检测器通道，分接滤光器置于所述基底内，且中断所述至少一个通道，由此分接来自所述通道的至少一些光功率并引导所分接的光功率朝向所述光检测器通道以用于其中的检测，同时容许其它光功率在所述至少一个通道中继续传输。
FAU可以包括平行布置且终止于所述基底的所述边缘的多个光信号传输通道，用于将光信号传输至所述PLC和/或传输来自所述PLC的光信号，其中，所述分接滤光器中断每个传输通道并引导分接的光功率朝向相应的光检测器通道以用于其中的检测，同时容许其它光功率在每个传输通道中继续传输。
所述分接滤光器可以是整体平面的结构，该结构至少部分地光透明，且以某一角度置于穿过所述基底的狭缝切口内并中断每个传输通道，该角度容许将相应的分接的光功率引导至每个光检测器通道，且其它的光功率在每个传输通道内继续传输。
可以与PLC结合设置FAU，FAU的边缘联接至所述PLC的边缘，其中，沿所述基底的所述边缘的每个光传输通道的端部与所述PLC的相应的传输波导对准，终止于所述PLC的所述边缘处。
所述光纤阵列单元的光监控功能元件能够是用于所述光信号传输通道中的所述光功率的主要监控功能元件，如果不是仅有的监控功能元件的话。
通过本发明的技术实现了附加的特征和优点。于此详细描述了本发明的其它实施例和方面，并且它们视为所声明的发明的一部分。
附图说明
说明书的结尾具体指出并清楚声明了本发明的主题。从结合附图的以下详细描述，本发明的其它目的、特征、以及优点是明显的。
图1是耦合至根据本发明的原理形成的光纤阵列单元(FAU)的平面波导电路(PLC)的示意性视图；
图2是本发明的FAU的透视图，包括光检测器单元；以及
图3是本发明的FAU的透视图，描述分接滤光器(tapping filter)的放置的附加细节。
具体实施方式
参照图1，示出了典型的平面波导电路(PLC)10，专门设计用于实施范例阵列波导光栅(AWG)20，输入和/或输出波导30朝PLC的边缘延伸。(AWG和能够实施在PLC 10中的且本发明能够指向的许多其它光电路在本领域是公知的)
根据本发明，光纤阵列单元(FAU)100(以及101)能够联接至PLC10的边缘，具有光信号传输通道110用于携带光信号至PLC 10的波导30和/或携带来自PLC 10的波导30的光信号。传输通道的范例实施例包括光纤光学器件，放置在限定于FAU内的沟槽中。如下面进一步讨论的，FAU100可以包括与其联接的光检测器单元120，能够使用阳极/阴极对130来控制/监控该光检测器单元。光检测器单元120使用分接滤光器监控通道110内传输的至少一些光光功率，如以下参照图2和3所讨论的。
如图2中所示(其中，相同的数字用于表示相同的元件)，并且根据本发明，分接滤光器130置于FAU的基底101内，其分接来自通道110的光信号，作为分开的光流将分接的光功率从相应的通道110引导朝向光检测器单元120，由此提供集成到FAU 100的光功率监控功能元件。FAU的边缘105(传输通道终止处)在FAU和FAU最终对准并联接的PLC之间形成平面、光携带界面。光检测器通道能够封装在联接至FAU的气密地或半气密地密封的传感器封装内部；在该情况下，该单元能够通过透明玻璃或硅树脂密封剂接收光信号。封装的光检测器单元120经由分接滤光器130在相应的光检测器通道121中接收来自相应的波导110的分接的光信号流，并且将信号转换成跨电极122的相应的电压，该电压对应于每个通道中分接的光功率的水平。
将光检测器封装放置在图2中示出的修改的FAU上，以接收分接的光信号到光检测器感测表面121中。FAU和光检测器传感器单元设计为通过固定与分接的光流轴的角度对准来进行有效的光检测。能够将单通道或多通道实施例中的光检测器半导体芯片裸片键合至气密的或半气密的传统传感器封装。(实际的气密密封可以是金属密封；但是也能够使用诸如环氧树脂密封的半气密密封。
将光检测器通道电连接至光检测器芯片衬垫的阳极和阴极。能够以许多方法实现电连接，包括背面电裸片键合、正面引线键合、和/或倒装键合至传感器封装。传感器封装能够具有光透明的帽(盖)以提供气密地或半气密地密封的封装。
根据本发明，集成有OPM(光功率监控器)的FAU无需专门的监控设计用于PLC和封装级的组装工艺(即，FAU)。这是因为分接滤光器130直接集成到FAU的传输通道中，而不是集成到分开的PLC监控器波导，或集成到FAU的下游的其它光纤光监控模块。OPM功能元件因此单独集成到FAU中，从而去除了对PLC或下游光纤的此设计限制。因为FAU总是需要至PLC的界面，本发明提供用于PLC产品的针对单通道以及多通道OPM功能元件的最具有成本效益和小尺寸的解决方案，其具有鲁棒的、长寿命可靠性，无需关于整个PLC封装的昂贵的气密方案。
根据图3，形成本发明的FAU的附加细节是明显的(其中，同样的数字用于表示同样的元件)，其中，示出了置于形成于基底101内的狭缝内的总体平面的分接滤光器130，并且该狭缝中断通道110。能够利用UV固化和/或热固化以折射率匹配粘接剂固定此滤光器。分接滤光器能够设计成具有部分光反射功能，产生朝向光检测器通道的键(tapper)光流111，取决于所需的分接比，分接比通常为1％至20％；以及部分光透射，用于通道110中光功率的继续传输。
能够使用传统的薄膜滤光器技术形成滤光器。能够将数层涂层溅射于石英玻璃或聚合物基底上。一些波长被反射，而另一些波长被透射。还有，能够以某一百分比反射所有波长，诸如1％的百分比等。
本发明能够与需要光功率监控的PLC产品一起使用。通常，其与AWG一起使用用于都市ROADM应用以及许多光网络，诸如城域网(metro-edge)和接入网络。本发明也能够应用于任何光网络节点和/或CATV网络的分束器产品。
如果以另一FA单元(例如超薄膜滤光器UTF)替代检测器，则能够使用两个FAU实现WDM薄膜滤光器功能元件。因此，此发明能够延伸至如下的双窗口WDM产品：
●1.31um范围通过，1.55um范围隔离。
●1.55um范围通过，1.31um范围隔离。
●1.31um范围通过，1.55um和1.65um范围隔离。
虽然于此详细描绘和描述了优选实施例，但是明显地，对本领域技术人员来说，能够不脱离本发明的精神进行各种修改、增加、替代等并且这些因此视为以下所附的权利要求所限定的本发明的范围内。

Claims (19)

1.一种与平面波导电路(PLC)一起使用的具有光功率监控器能力的光纤阵列单元，包括：
基底；
至少一个光信号传输通道，置于所述基底内，且终止于所述基底的边缘，用于将信号传输至所述PLC和/或传输来自所述PLC的信号；
用于监控所述光信号的光检测器通道；以及
分接滤光器，置于所述基底内，且中断所述至少一个通道，由此分接来自所述通道的至少一些光功率并引导所分接的光功率朝向所述光检测器通道以用于其中的检测，同时容许其它光功率在所述至少一个通道中继续传输。
2.如权利要求1所述的光纤阵列单元，其中，所述至少一个光信号传输通道包括平行布置且终止于所述基底的所述边缘的多个光信号传输通道，用于将光信号传输至所述PLC和/或传输来自所述PLC的光信号，其中，所述分接滤光器中断所述多个传输通道的每个传输通道并引导分接的光功率朝向相应的光检测器通道以用于其中的检测，同时容许其它光功率在每个传输通道中继续传输。
3.如权利要求2所述的光纤阵列单元，其中，每个光传输通道包括置于所述基底中的光纤光学器件。
4.如权利要求3所述的光纤阵列单元，其中，所述分接滤光器包括整体平面的结构，该结构至少部分地光透明，且以某一角度置于穿过所述基底的狭缝切口内并中断每个传输通道，该角度容许将相应的分接的光功率引导至每个光检测器通道，且其它光功率在每个传输通道内继续传输。
5.如权利要求4所述的光纤阵列单元，其中，所述光检测器通道布置在光检测器单元中，所述光检测器单元安装在所述基底上并与所述分接滤光器对准。
6.如权利要求5所述的光纤阵列单元，其中，所述光检测器单元气密地或半气密地密封。
7.如权利要求5所述的光纤阵列单元，其中，所述光纤阵列单元气密地或半气密地密封。
8.如权利要求2所述的光纤阵列单元，与所述PLC结合，所述光纤阵列单元的边缘联接至所述PLC的边缘，其中，沿所述基底的所述边缘的每个光传输通道的端部与所述PLC的相应的传输波导对准，终止于所述PLC的所述边缘。
9.如权利要求8所述的结合，其中，所述光纤阵列单元的所述光监控功能元件包括用于所述光信号传输通道中的光功率的主要的或仅有的监控功能元件。
10.一种用于形成与平面波导电路(PLC)一起使用的具有光功率监控器能力的光纤阵列单元的方法，包括：
设置基底；
将至少一个光信号传输通道置于所述基底内，且终止于所述基底的边缘，用于将信号传输至所述PLC和/或传输来自所述PLC的信号；
设置用于监控所述光信号的光检测器通道；以及
将分接滤光器置于所述基底内，且中断所述至少一个通道，由此分接来自所述通道的至少一些光功率并引导所分接的光功率朝向所述光检测器通道以用于其中的检测，同时容许其它光功率在所述至少一个通道中继续传输。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述至少一个光信号传输通道包括平行布置且终止于所述基底的所述边缘的多个光信号传输通道，用于将光信号传输至所述PLC和/或传输来自所述PLC的光信号，其中，所述分接滤光器中断所述多个传输通道的每个传输通道并引导分接的光功率朝向相应的光检测器通道以用于其中的检测，同时容许其它光功率在每个传输通道中继续传输。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法，其中，每个光传输通道包括置于所述基底中的光纤光学器件。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述分接滤光器包括至少部分地光透明的整体平面的结构；并且
所述方法还包括：
形成穿过所述基底的狭缝并中断每个传输通道；以及
以某一角度将所述分接滤光器放置于所述狭缝中，该角度容许将相
应的分接的光功率引导至每个光检测器通道，且其它的光功率在每个传
输通道内继续传输。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述光检测器通道布置在光检测器单元中，所述方法还包括：
将所述光检测器单元安装在所述基底上并与所述分接滤光器对准。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中，所述光检测器单元气密地或半气密地密封。
16.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中，所述光纤阵列单元气密地或半气密地密封。
17.如权利要求11所述的方法，还包括：
将所述光纤阵列单元的边缘联接至所述PLC的边缘，其中，沿所述基底的所述边缘的所述每个光传输通道的端部与所述PLC的相应的传输波导对准，终止于所述PLC的所述边缘。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法，其中，所述光纤阵列单元的所述光监控功能元件包括用于所述光信号传输通道中的所述光功率的主要的或仅有的监控功能元件。
19.一种用于监控光纤阵列单元中的光功率的方法，该光纤阵列单元具有终止于其边缘的多个光传输波导，用于将光信号携带至PLC和/或携带来自所述PLC的光信号，该方法包括：
使用放置于在所述基底内形成的狭缝内并中断所述传输通道的分接滤光器，由此分接来自所述通道的至少一些光功率并引导所分接的光功率朝向相应的光检测器通道以用于其中的检测，同时容许其它光功率在所述至少一个通道中继续传输。
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