CN101754897A - 轮船的燃气供应系统和方法 - Google Patents

轮船的燃气供应系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN101754897A
CN101754897A CN200880025035A CN200880025035A CN101754897A CN 101754897 A CN101754897 A CN 101754897A CN 200880025035 A CN200880025035 A CN 200880025035A CN 200880025035 A CN200880025035 A CN 200880025035A CN 101754897 A CN101754897 A CN 101754897A
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China
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lng
gas supply
gas
storage tank
boil
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CN101754897B (zh
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权纯斌
金南守
赵益圭
李正汉
崔东圭
朴铉基
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Hanhua Ocean Co ltd
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Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from KR1020070121558A external-priority patent/KR100835090B1/ko
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B63J2099/001—Burning of transported goods, e.g. fuel, boil-off or refuse
    • B63J2099/003—Burning of transported goods, e.g. fuel, boil-off or refuse of cargo oil or fuel, or of boil-off gases, e.g. for propulsive purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0115—Single phase dense or supercritical, i.e. at high pressure and high density
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
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    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
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    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种轮船的燃气供应系统，用于将燃气供应给轮船的高压气体喷射引擎，其中将液化天然气(liquefied natural gas，LNG)从所述轮船的LNG储罐抽取出，在高压下压缩，气体化，且接着供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。

Description

轮船的燃气供应系统和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及轮船的燃气供应系统和方法，且更明确地说，涉及用于有效地将燃气从液化天然气(liquefied natural gas，LNG)储罐(tank)供应给轮船中的高压气体喷射引擎的轮船的燃气供应系统和方法。
背景技术
通常，在液化站中在低温温度下将天然气转化为液化天然气(在下文中称作“LNG”)，且接着通过LNG运输船长距离地运输到目的地。
由于天然气的液化是在周围压力下-163摄氏度的低温温度下发生的，因此LNG很可能被汽化，即使在LNG的温度在周围压力下稍高于-163摄氏度时。在具有热绝缘的LNG储存罐的LNG运输船中，热从外部不断地传输到LNG储存罐中的LNG，LNG不断地汽化，且在LNG运输船运输LNG期间在LNG储存罐中产生蒸发气体。
在LNG运输船中，如果蒸发气体在LNG储存罐中积聚，那么LNG储存罐中的压力将过多地增加。因此，为处理在LNG储存罐中产生的蒸发气体，将蒸发气体用作轮船推进引擎的燃料或使其在气体燃烧室中燃烧。
在高压气体喷射引擎(例如，曼恩比维柴油机公司(MAN B&W Diesel Inc.)制造的MEGI引擎)用作LNG运输船的轮船推进引擎的情况下，在常规燃气供应系统中使用多级压缩机以在高压下压缩蒸发气体。这种多级压缩具有以下问题：燃气供应系统变得非常复杂，且需要过量的功率来在高压下压缩气态的蒸发气体。
例如散装货船、集装箱船、原油油船和化学品运输船的轮船可使用LNG作为燃料来推进。此类轮船具有用于储存作为燃料的LNG的LNG燃料储罐，且使用与LNG运输船相同的引擎。此类轮船的燃气供应系统具有与LNG运输船相同的问题。
发明内容
技术问题
为解决现有技术所引起的上述问题，本发明提供一种轮船的燃气供应系统和方法，其在供应燃气给所述轮船的高压气体喷射引擎的过程中可简化配置、降低功率要求，且防止归因于LNG储罐中蒸发气体的积聚而导致的过多压力增加。
技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，根据本发明的一个实施例的轮船的燃气供应系统(作为用于将燃气供应给轮船的高压气体喷射引擎的系统)的特征在于：LNG是从所述轮船的LNG储罐抽取出，在高压下压缩，气体化，且接着供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。
而且，根据本发明的一个实施例的轮船的燃气供应方法(作为用于将燃气供应给所述轮船的高压气体喷射引擎的方法)的特征在于：将LNG从所述轮船的LNG储罐抽取出，进行压缩以满足所述高压气体喷射引擎的压力要求，气体化，且接着供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。
有利效果
根据本发明的LNG运输船的燃气供应系统和方法，将LNG从LNG储存罐抽取出，在高压下压缩，气体化，且供应给高压气体喷射引擎。因此，所述燃气供应系统和方法具有以下优点：在将燃气供应给LNG运输船中的高压气体喷射引擎的过程中，可以简化配置，降低功率要求，且防止归因于LNG储存罐中蒸发气体的积聚而导致的过多压力增加。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的实施例的LNG运输船的燃气供应系统的示意图。
图2为根据本发明的另一实施例的LNG运输船的燃气供应系统的示意图。
图3为根据本发明的又一实施例的LNG运输船的燃气供应系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
将在下文参看附图详细地描述本发明的优选实施例。
图1为根据本发明的实施例的轮船的燃气供应系统的示意图。如图1中所说明，轮船的燃气供应系统将燃气供应给轮船的高压气体喷射引擎。
图1的燃气供应系统包含：燃气供应管线L1，其用于将从轮船的LNG储罐1抽取的LNG供应给所述轮船的高压气体喷射引擎；以及热交换器3，其安装在燃气供应管线L1中间以便在LNG与从LNG储罐1抽取的蒸发气体之间交换热。
所述轮船可为LNG运输船。LNG运输船具有用于储存LNG的LNG储存罐。在这种情况下，LNG储罐1为LNG储存罐。
另外，所述轮船可为可使用LNG作为燃料来推进的轮船，例如散装货船、集装箱船、原油油船和化学品运输船。此类轮船具有用于储存作为燃料的LNG的LNG燃料储罐。在这种情况下，LNG储罐1为用于储存作为燃料的LNG的LNG燃料储罐。
在热交换器3上游的燃气供应管线L1具有第一泵2，用于压缩LNG以满足所述高压气体喷射引擎的压力要求且向所述高压气体喷射引擎供应LNG。根据这个实施例，将第一泵2说明为安装在LNG储罐1中，但可安装在LNG储罐1外部热交换器3上游的燃气供应管线L1中。第一泵2还可包括一个泵或两个泵。
蒸发气体液化管线L2从LNG储罐1的上部部分起、穿过热交换器3、连接到LNG储罐1的一侧。将蒸发气体从LNG储罐1的上部部分抽取出，穿过热交换器3，并返回到LNG储罐1的一侧。
在热交换器3中，LNG与蒸发气体交换热以使LNG的温度升高，且接着向所述高压气体喷射引擎供应LNG，且蒸发气体通过与LNG进行热交换而液化并接着返回到LNG储罐1。如果LNG储罐1的上部部分中的蒸发气体液化并返回到LNG储罐1的下部部分，那么可防止LNG储罐1中的压力归因于LNG储罐1中蒸发气体的积聚而过多地增加。
在一个实施例中，第二泵4安装在热交换器3下游的燃气供应管线L1中，以便压缩已与蒸发气体交换热的LNG以满足所述高压气体喷射引擎的压力要求，且接着将经压缩的LNG供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。
加热器5安装在第二泵4下游的燃气供应管线L1中以便对已在热交换器3中交换热的LNG进行加热，且接着将经热交换LNG供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。
在一个实施例中，蒸发气体压缩机6和冷却器7安装在热交换器3上游的蒸发气体液化管线L2中，以便在蒸发气体与LNG之间进行热交换之前压缩并冷却从LNG储罐1抽取的蒸发气体。
在所述高压气体喷射引擎为(例如)由曼恩比维柴油机公司制造并售卖的MEGI引擎的情况下，MEGI引擎所需的燃气的压力可从200巴到300巴(表压，gauge pressure)，优选地250巴(表压)。在第一泵2中将LNG压缩到27巴(表压)，且LNG在穿过热交换器3时温度从约-163摄氏度升高到约-100摄氏度，且将处于液态的LNG供应给第二泵4并在第二泵4中将其压缩到约250巴(表压)(由于其处于超临界状态，所以在液态与气态之间无划分)，接着在加热器5中加热，且接着供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。在这种情况下，由于供应给热交换器3的LNG的压力为高的，因此尽管LNG的温度因穿过热交换器而升高，但其并未气体化。
另一方面，在所述高压气体喷射引擎为(例如)气体涡轮引擎的情况下，气体涡轮引擎所需的燃气的压力可从20巴到40巴(表压)，优选地30巴(表压)。在第一泵2中将LNG压缩到30巴(表压)，且LNG的一部分在穿过热交换器3时气体化、将其供应给加热器5并在加热器5中加热，且接着供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。在这种情况下，第二泵4并非必需的。
流率控制型压力控制阀11安装在第一泵2的前部和后部处的燃气供应管线L1中、第二泵4的前部和后部处的燃气供应管线L1中，以及蒸发气体压缩机6和冷却器7的前部和后部处的蒸发气体液化管线L2中，以便控制穿过所述管线的流体的压力。
流率控制型温度控制阀12还安装在加热器5的前部和后部处的燃气供应管线11中以便控制穿过管线的流体的温度。
压力传感器13连接在第一泵2的后端处的燃气供应管线L1、第二泵4的后端处的燃气供应管线L1、蒸发气体压缩机6和冷却器7的后端处的蒸发气体液化管线L2，与压力控制阀11之间。温度传感器15还连接在加热器5的后端处的燃气供应管线L1与温度控制阀12之间。
流率控制型压力控制阀11和温度控制阀12控制流率，由此控制穿过其自身的流体的压力或温度。
而且，可膨胀压力控制阀12a安装在热交换器3下游的蒸发气体液化管线L2中间以便控制穿过管线L2的流体的压力。
压力传感器13连接在压力控制阀12a与压力控制阀12a的前端处的蒸发气体液化管线L2之间，所述压力控制阀12a安装在热交换器3下游的蒸发气体液化管线L2中。
安装在热交换器3下游的蒸发气体液化管线L2中的压力控制阀12a使穿过的流体膨胀，以便对应于通过将LNG储罐1的压力加上归因于LNG储罐1中的LNG的水头导致的压力而获得的压力，由此控制压力，且通过所述膨胀使LNG的温度降低。
在一个实施例中，如图2中所说明，蒸发液化管线L2可经配置，使得其从LNG储罐1的上部部分起穿过热交换器3，且连接在燃气供应管线L1中间的热交换器3与加热器5之间。根据这个配置，蒸发气体通过在热交换器3中与LNG进行热交换而液化，在液态下压缩，气体化，且接着用作所述高压气体喷射引擎的燃气。在这种情况下，安装在热交换器3下游的蒸发气体液化管线L2中的压力控制阀12a控制穿过的流体的压力，以对应于燃气供应管线L1中的LNG的压力。
根据上述实施例，用于在LNG与从LNG储罐1抽取的蒸发气体之间交换热的热交换器3安装在燃气供应管线L1中间。然而，替代热交换器3，可安装用于将LNG与蒸发气体直接混合的再冷凝器。根据图3中所说明的实施例，替代热交换器的再冷凝器103安装在燃气供应管线L1中。用于从LNG储罐1的上部部分抽取蒸发气体且使所抽取的蒸发气体返回到LNG储罐1的一侧的蒸发气体液化管线L2穿过安装在燃气供应管线L1中间的再冷凝器103。再冷凝器103通过将从LNG储罐1的下部部分抽取的LNG与从LNG储罐1的上部部分抽取的蒸发气体混合/液化来产生冷凝的LNG。在再冷凝器103中冷凝的LNG通过燃气供应管线L1而供应给高压气体喷射引擎，或通过蒸发气体液化管线L2而返回到LNG储罐1。
而且，根据本发明的轮船的燃气供应系统，在LNG储罐中产生的蒸发气体并未在高压下在气态下压缩，且因此并未用作高压气体喷射引擎的燃气。
另外，用于根据本发明的实施例的轮船的燃气供应系统中的LNG储罐可经设计，使得其具有足够强度以耐受归因于蒸发气体而导致的压力增加，以便允许在轮船的航行期间归因于在LNG储罐中产生的蒸发气体而导致的压力增加。
另外，根据本发明的实施例的轮船的燃气供应系统可包含包括冷箱和致冷系统的蒸发气体再液化设备。热交换器安装在燃气供应管线中间，用于压缩LNG储罐中的LNG且将作为燃气的经压缩LNG供应给高压气体喷射引擎，且LNG储罐中产生的燃气与在蒸发气体供应管线中间的LNG交换热，且由此液化。因此，另外安装的蒸发气体再液化设备可经配置以具有小容量。
尽管在本文中已参考特定实施例来显示和描述本发明，但应理解，所属领域的技术人员可进行各种修改、变化和修正，且因此本文中的描述和附图应以说明目的来解释而非限制本发明的范围和精神。

Claims (20)

1.一种轮船的燃气供应系统，用于将燃气供应给所述轮船的高压气体喷射引擎，其特征在于，所述燃气供应系统包括：
LNG储罐；
燃气供应管线，从所述LNG储罐连接到所述轮船的所述高压气体喷射引擎；
用于压缩所述LNG的压缩构件，安装在所述LNG储罐与所述高压气体喷射引擎之间的所述燃气供应管线中；以及
用于使所述LNG气体化的气体化构件，安装在所述燃气供应管线中的所述压缩构件的下游，以使经压缩的所述LNG气体化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于所述压缩构件经配置以从所述LNG储罐抽取LNG，在高压下压缩已抽取出的所述LNG，且向所述高压气体喷射引擎供应经压缩的所述LNG。
3.根据权利要求1所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于所述压缩构件包括一个泵。
4.根据权利要求3所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于所述压缩构件进一步包括另一泵。
5.根据权利要求3所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于，进一步包括：
热交换器，安装在所述燃气供应管线中该泵的下游；以及
蒸发气体液化管线，从所述LNG储罐的上部部分穿过所述热交换器连接到所述LNG储罐的一侧，所述蒸发气体液化管线经配置以使所述LNG储罐中产生的蒸发气体液化。
6.根据权利要求4所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，进一步包括：
热交换器，安装在所述燃气供应管线中的该泵与该另一泵之间；以及
蒸发气体液化管线，从所述LNG储罐的上部部分穿过所述热交换器，且连接在所述热交换器与所述气体化构件之间。
7.根据权利要求3所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于，进一步包括：
再冷凝器，安装在所述燃气供应管线中的该泵的下游；以及
蒸发气体液化管线，从所述LNG储罐的上部部分起，穿过所述再冷凝器，且连接到所述LNG储罐。
8.根据权利要求1所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于所述气体化构件包含加热器。
9.根据权利要求1所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于LNG是从所述LNG储罐被抽取出，且接着被压缩到约20巴到300巴表压。
10.根据权利要求1所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于所述LNG储罐经设计以耐受归因于所述蒸发气体而导致的压力增加，以便允许在所述轮船的航行期间归因于所述LNG储罐中产生的所述蒸发气体而导致的压力增加。
11.根据权利要求1所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于所述轮船为LNG运输船，且所述LNG储罐为LNG储存罐。
12.根据权利要求1所述的轮船的燃气供应系统，其特征在于所述轮船为例如散装货船、集装箱船、原油油船和化学品运输船的轮船，且所述LNG储罐为用于储存作为燃料的LNG的LNG燃料储罐。
13.一种LNG运输船的燃气供应方法，用于将燃气供应给轮船的高压气体喷射引擎，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
从所述轮船的LNG储罐抽取LNG；
压缩已抽取出的所述LNG，以满足所述高压气体喷射引擎的压力要求；
使经压缩的所述LNG气体化；以及
将经气体化的所述LNG供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。
14.根据权利要求13所述的轮船的燃气供应方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
从所述LNG储罐抽取蒸发气体；以及
在将所述LNG供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎之前，在所述LNG与所述蒸发气体之间交换热。
15.根据权利要求14所述的轮船的燃气供应方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
使所述蒸发气体液化；以及
使经液化的所述蒸发气体返回到所述LNG储罐。
16.根据权利要求14所述的轮船的燃气供应方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
在将所述LNG供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎之前，经由所述LNG与所述蒸发气体之间的所述热交换来使所述LNG的温度升高；
使所述蒸发气体液化；以及
将已液化的所述蒸发气体供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。
17.根据权利要求13所述的轮船的燃气供应方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
将所述LNG与从所述LNG储罐抽取出的所述蒸发气体混合；以及
将所述LNG与所述蒸发气体的所述混合物供应给所述高压气体喷射引擎。
18.根据权利要求13所述的轮船的燃气供应方法，其特征在于所述LNG是通过加热而气体化。
19.根据权利要求13所述的轮船的燃气供应方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
允许在所述轮船的航行期间归因于所述LNG储罐中产生的所述蒸发气体而导致的压力增加。
20.根据权利要求13所述的轮船的燃气供应方法，其特征在于所述高压气体喷射引擎的LNG压力是从约20巴到约300巴表压。
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