CN101720657A - Soilless culture substrate suitable for rhododendrons - Google Patents
Soilless culture substrate suitable for rhododendrons Download PDFInfo
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- CN101720657A CN101720657A CN200910163274A CN200910163274A CN101720657A CN 101720657 A CN101720657 A CN 101720657A CN 200910163274 A CN200910163274 A CN 200910163274A CN 200910163274 A CN200910163274 A CN 200910163274A CN 101720657 A CN101720657 A CN 101720657A
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- soilless culture
- culture substrate
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- rare earth
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soilless culture substrate suitable for ericaceae plants. Leaf mold or turfy soil is mixed with a porous material in a volume ratio of 10:5-20, and then rare earth is added into the substrate according to the use level of 5 to 10g/m3 of the substrate for uniform mixing to prepare the soilless culture substrate through disinfection. The product has the advantages of organic culture substrates and inorganic culture substrates, has the physicochemical properties of appropriate volume weight, electrical conductivity, porosity, pH value and the like, is suitable for culturing rhododendrons, and is an ideal substrate with high quality, sanitation, water conservation and fertilizer saving. The substrate can also be made into formed substrates in any shapes through further processing, so that plant root systems are protected more effectively, and the requirements of plant transportation and transplantation are met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultivation technique without soil field, relate to the solid state substrate production of soilless culture, be specifically related to a kind of soilless culture substrate that the azalea plant is used that is particularly suitable for.
Background technology
Soilless culture is a kind of novel planting type, has now become the important content of facilities horticulture and the principal mode that the horticultural crop batch production is produced, extensive use in floriculture in recent years.Compare with traditional soil cultivation, have water-saving, economize fertilely, laborsaving, can improve crop yield and quality, avoid soil continuous cropping obstacle, and be not subjected to advantage such as regional condition restriction.
Cultivation matrix is the basis of plant growing under the soilless culture condition, matrix is the somatomedin that the stable water of coordinating, gas, fertile structure are provided for plant, it except support, fixedly the plant, the more important thing is the effect of serving as " terminal ", make nutrient, moisture from nutrient solution be able to transfer, root system of plant is therefrom selected to absorb as required; Different substrates all has tangible influence to the ornamental value of vine growth and development and flowers.
Azalea is one of world-renowned flowers, and is of a great variety.The azalea plant needs sour environment and the ventilative condition of preserve moisture and fertility mostly.Rare earth can promote absorption and the utilization of crop to nutritive elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium as growth, the physiological regulation agent of plant; Chlorophyll increase, the photosynthesis of plant leaf blade are strengthened, help the accumulation of dry matter, strengthen disease-resistant, anti-morning, waterlogging and the contamination resistance of crop.Soilless culture substrate and rare earth are widely used in agricultural production.But application is comparatively rare in forestry, flowers, lacks specific aim.Still be not particularly suitable for the soilless culture substrate that the azalea plant is used in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of quality loose, aseptic nontoxic, nutrient is complete, water conservation is breathed freely, be particularly suitable for the soilless culture substrate that the azalea plant is used.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
A kind ofly be suitable for the soilless culture substrate that the azalea plant is used, leaf mould or turfy soil are mixed with porous material 10: 5 by volume～20, press 5～10g/m again
3The consumption of matrix adds rare earth and mixes, and makes after sterilization.
The preferred unit weight of described leaf mould is 0.2～0.6g/cm
3Broad-leaved leaf mould or needle leaf mould.
Described porous material is selected from a kind of in haydite, slag, perlite, vermiculite, zeolite, rock wool, sponge or the foamed plastics or several.
Preferred nitric acid rare earth of described rare earth or salt acid rare earth.
Described sterilization comprises pharmacy disinfection, disinfection by ultraviolet light or heating disinfection.
In the soilless culture substrate of making, also can further press 10g～30g/m
3The weight ratio of matrix is added polymer water-absorbent.
Described polymer water-absorbent is selected from a kind of in modified starch, polyacrylamide or the Sodium Polyacrylate.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention has the advantage of organic and inorganic cultivation matrix concurrently, and physicochemical properties such as moderate unit weight, electrical conductivity, porosity and acid-base value are fit to the cultivation of azalea, is a kind of high-quality, health, the fertile desirable matrix of water saving province.
2, the peat composed of rotten mosses or leaf mould and porous material are by reasonably combined, and in conjunction with the technology of science, formed organic-inorganic composite soilless culture substrate, add rare earth element or polymer water-absorbent again, problem such as can solve well that the existing existing moisture capacity of soilless culture substrate is strong, plant growing nutritional deficiency, resistance are weak.
3, the matrix physicochemical character is good, and nutritive element content is abundant, does not have heavy metal contamination, and releases of still can constantly degrading of the nutrition in the use mesostroma, the confession azalea needs that grow.
4, this matrix can also be made the forming matrix of arbitrary shape through further processing, and more effectively the protective plant root system satisfies the needs that plant is transported and transplants.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but they are not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Preparation is suitable for the soilless culture substrate that ericad uses.Selection moisture content (percetage by weight) is 50～80% leaf mould 10 parts by volume, is mixed into matrix with perlite 10 parts by volume, presses 5g/m
3The rare earth consumption of matrix, nitric acid rare earth is dissolved with low amounts of water, enter mixing and blending machine jointly with leaf mould, perlite, after mixing, after 500 times of the formalin of 40% (percetage by weight) dilutions, mixed-matrix is squirted, sealing plastic film 2 is round the clock spread matrix out, dry or be exposed to the sun, promptly obtain required soilless culture substrate to formaldehydeless smell.
Embodiment 2
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: raw material components is as follows: moisture content 50～80% turfy soils 10 parts by volume, and perlite 8 parts by volume, vermiculite 8 parts by volume are pressed 8g/m
3The ratio of matrix is added nitric acid rare earth.Behind 1000 times of the tpn solution dilutions with 40%, mixed-matrix is squirted, sealing plastic film 2 is round the clock spread matrix out, dries, and promptly obtains required soilless culture substrate.
Embodiment 3
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: raw material components is as follows: turfy soil 10 parts by volume of moisture content 50～80%, and washing back slag 5 parts by volume, vermiculite 5 parts by volume are pressed 6g/m
3The ratio of matrix is added the salt acid rare earth.After matrix mixed, the sealing plastic film fed high-temperature steam, reached 90 ℃ to substrate temperature, kept 30 minutes, lifted the film cooling, promptly obtained required soilless culture substrate.
Embodiment 4
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: raw material components is as follows: leaf mould 10 parts by volume of moisture content 50～80%, and perlite 10 parts by volume, zeolite 5 parts by volume are pressed 10g/m
3The ratio of matrix is added the salt acid rare earth.Use 0.5% carbendazim, mixed-matrix squirted, the sealing plastic film 2 round the clock matrix is spread out, through the sun tan by the sun, air-dry, promptly obtain required soilless culture substrate.
Embodiment 5
Repeat embodiment 1,, press 15g/m with the soilless culture substrate of embodiment 1 gained
3The ratio of matrix is added the polymer water-absorbent of modified starch, promptly obtains required soilless culture substrate.
Each embodiment gained soilless culture substrate physical and chemical parameter sees Table 1
The physical and chemical parameter of each embodiment soilless culture substrate of table 1
| Matrix | Unit weight (g.cm -3) | Total porosity (%) | Capillary porosity (%) | The pH value | EC value (mS, cm -1) | Full N (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | ??0.23 | ??84.6 | ??62.3 | ??6.1 | ??0.67 | ??0.89 |
| Embodiment 2 | ??0.34 | ??82.3 | ??56.2 | ??5.8 | ??0.58 | ??1.04 |
| Embodiment 3 | ??0.32 | ??81.6 | ??66.7 | ??6.4 | ??0.82 | ??0.66 |
| Embodiment 4 | ??0.28 | ??86.2 | ??61.8 | ??6.0 | ??0.78 | ??0.76 |
| Embodiment 5 | ??0.23 | ??84.1 | ??62.0 | ??6.2 | ??0.68 | ??0.89 |
Each embodiment gained matrix effect sees Table 2, and (the about 20cm of plant height is planted in diameter 16cm, in the black flexible plastic basin of high 20cm for the happiness cuckoo near the house that the growth basically identical is selected in test for use, crown diameter 15-20cm.Contrast is garden mould.Water once identical nutrient solution in per 10 days, watered one time water in per 3 days.Measure after 7 months.)
Each embodiment gained soilless culture substrate effect of table 2
| Handle | Leaf area (cm 2) | Plant height (cm) | Crown diameter (cm) | Growth potential |
| Contrast | ??4.85b | ??26.3b | ??28.3ab | Very |
| Embodiment 1 | ??5.92b | ??27.8b | ??30.2b | Good |
| Embodiment 2 | ??5.15c | ??27.3b | ??29.1d | Good |
| Embodiment 3 | ??5.60b | ??26.8b | ??28.8cd | Good |
| Embodiment 4 | ??6.21a | ??27.2b | ??31.5b | Vigorous |
| Embodiment 5 | ??6.35a | ??30.7a | ??33.2a | Vigorous |
Embodiment 1,5 gained soilless culture substrate effects see Table 3 (the lantana cuckoo seedling of growth basically identical is selected in test for use, the about 20cm of crown diameter, the about 25cm of plant height is planted in diameter 16cm, in the black flexible plastic basin of high 20cm.Contrast is garden mould.Water once identical nutrient solution in per 10 days, watered one time water in per 3 days.Measure after 6 months.)
Table 3 soilless culture substrate effect
| Handle | Leaf area (cm 2) | Plant height (cm) | Crown diameter (cm) | Growth potential |
| Contrast | ??11.7a | ??34.4b | ??36.6b | Very |
| Handle | Leaf area (cm 2) | Plant height (cm) | Crown diameter (cm) | Growth potential |
| Embodiment 1 | ??13.9b | ??37.7b | ??39.4a | Good |
| Embodiment 5 | ??15.1a | ??39.2b | ??42.7b | Vigorous |
Claims (7)
1. one kind is suitable for the soilless culture substrate that the azalea plant is used, and it is characterized in that: leaf mould or turfy soil are mixed with porous material 10: 5 by volume～20, press 5～10g/m again
3The consumption of matrix adds rare earth and mixes, and makes after sterilization.
2. the soilless culture substrate that is suitable for the use of azalea plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described leaf mould is unit weight 0.2～0.6g/cm
3Broad-leaved leaf mould or needle leaf mould.
3. according to claim 1ly be suitable for the soilless culture substrate that the azalea plant is used, it is characterized in that: described porous material is selected from a kind of in haydite, slag, perlite, vermiculite, zeolite, rock wool, sponge or the foamed plastics or several.
4. the soilless culture substrate that is suitable for the use of azalea plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rare earth is nitric acid rare earth or salt acid rare earth.
5. the soilless culture substrate that is suitable for the use of azalea plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: pharmacy disinfection, disinfection by ultraviolet light or heating disinfection are adopted in described sterilization.
6. the soilless culture substrate that is suitable for the use of azalea plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the soilless culture substrate of making, further press 10g～30g/m
3The weight ratio of matrix is added polymer water-absorbent.
7. according to claim 6ly be suitable for the soilless culture substrate that the azalea plant is used, it is characterized in that: described polymer water-absorbent is selected from a kind of in modified starch, polyacrylamide or the Sodium Polyacrylate.
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| CN200910163274A CN101720657A (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Soilless culture substrate suitable for rhododendrons |
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| CN200910163274A CN101720657A (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Soilless culture substrate suitable for rhododendrons |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102577686A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-18 | 吉林省集安益盛药业股份有限公司 | Over-fertilized soil improvement method for ginseng planting on non-forest land |
| CN103621387A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-12 | 李春娣 | Composite matrix for soilless seedling raising of meigan cai |
| CN103621389A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-12 | 李春娣 | Composite matrix for soilless seedling culture |
| CN103636470A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-03-19 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Cultivation substrate used for ex-situ transplantation of alpine rose old tree stumps |
| CN104067874A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-10-01 | 吕孝明 | Vertical pipeline water storing and spongy earth cultivating device of plant |
| CN104255334A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-07 | 宁夏中青农业科技有限公司 | Seedling culturing matrix with rare earth element and application thereof |
| CN104303978A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-01-28 | 李宏江 | Soilless culture matrix for Chinese yam and other plants and planting frames filled with multiple matrixes |
| CN104446910A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biological organic seedling nursing substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN104496700A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-08 | 上海聚隆绿化发展有限公司 | Improved soil for roof afforestation arbor planting |
| CN105010112A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-11-04 | 刘祥义 | Light-duty soilless culture substrate preparation method |
| CN105061060A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 刘祥义 | Preparation method of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo culture substrate |
| CN105594504A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-25 | 镇江盛弘景观植物有限公司 | Ecological organic culture soil for planting lily |
| CN105638404A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 江苏苏港和顺生物科技有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate special for flowers |
| CN105660336A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-15 | 邓珂 | Soilless culture substrate for narcissi |
| CN105684852A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-22 | 邓珂 | Soilless culture method for narcissuses |
| CN106665298A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-17 | 蚌埠市金牛湾农业科技发展有限公司 | Soilless azalea culture substrate |
| CN107821095A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-23 | 成都先先先生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the culture matrix of vermiculite power soilless culture three-coloured amaranth |
| CN107821094A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-23 | 成都先先先生物科技有限公司 | A kind of culture matrix of vermiculite power soilless culture three-coloured amaranth |
| CN110313376A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Azalea special environment friendly cultivation matrix and its preparation method |
-
2009
- 2009-12-31 CN CN200910163274A patent/CN101720657A/en active Pending
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102577686A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-18 | 吉林省集安益盛药业股份有限公司 | Over-fertilized soil improvement method for ginseng planting on non-forest land |
| CN103636470A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-03-19 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Cultivation substrate used for ex-situ transplantation of alpine rose old tree stumps |
| CN103621387A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-12 | 李春娣 | Composite matrix for soilless seedling raising of meigan cai |
| CN103621389A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-12 | 李春娣 | Composite matrix for soilless seedling culture |
| CN104067874A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-10-01 | 吕孝明 | Vertical pipeline water storing and spongy earth cultivating device of plant |
| CN104255334A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-07 | 宁夏中青农业科技有限公司 | Seedling culturing matrix with rare earth element and application thereof |
| CN104446910A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biological organic seedling nursing substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN104303978A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-01-28 | 李宏江 | Soilless culture matrix for Chinese yam and other plants and planting frames filled with multiple matrixes |
| CN104496700A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-08 | 上海聚隆绿化发展有限公司 | Improved soil for roof afforestation arbor planting |
| CN105010112A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-11-04 | 刘祥义 | Light-duty soilless culture substrate preparation method |
| CN105061060A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 刘祥义 | Preparation method of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo culture substrate |
| CN105594504A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-25 | 镇江盛弘景观植物有限公司 | Ecological organic culture soil for planting lily |
| CN105638404A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 江苏苏港和顺生物科技有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate special for flowers |
| CN105660336A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-15 | 邓珂 | Soilless culture substrate for narcissi |
| CN105684852A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-22 | 邓珂 | Soilless culture method for narcissuses |
| CN106665298A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-17 | 蚌埠市金牛湾农业科技发展有限公司 | Soilless azalea culture substrate |
| CN107821095A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-23 | 成都先先先生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the culture matrix of vermiculite power soilless culture three-coloured amaranth |
| CN107821094A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-23 | 成都先先先生物科技有限公司 | A kind of culture matrix of vermiculite power soilless culture three-coloured amaranth |
| CN110313376A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Azalea special environment friendly cultivation matrix and its preparation method |
| CN110313376B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Special environment-friendly culture substrate for rhododendron and preparation method thereof |
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Open date: 20100609 |