CN101692792B - Pan-type fry breeding method for Procambrus clarkii - Google Patents
Pan-type fry breeding method for Procambrus clarkii Download PDFInfo
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- CN101692792B CN101692792B CN2009100362868A CN200910036286A CN101692792B CN 101692792 B CN101692792 B CN 101692792B CN 2009100362868 A CN2009100362868 A CN 2009100362868A CN 200910036286 A CN200910036286 A CN 200910036286A CN 101692792 B CN101692792 B CN 101692792B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a pan-type fry culturing method for Procambrus clarkii, in particular to completing the process of breeding Procambrus clarkii fries in a pan-type container, belonging to the technical field of aquiculture. The method is characterized by comprising the following four steps of fry breeding pan selection, fry breeding preparation, parent shrimp stocking and management and shrimp fry breeding. Only one female shrimp or ovigerous shrimp is put in a fry breeding pan, and therefore, the specification of bred shrimp fries is regular, the cannibalism rate is reduced, and the shrimp fry survival rate is improved. The fry breeding pan is put in a dark fry breeding room, and therefore, the development rate of the sex gland of the female shrimp is high; the fry breeding operation is convenient, and the fry breeding efficiency is higher than that of the traditional fry breeding mode. The pan-type bred fries are not influenced by the change of the external climate; the shrimp fries hatched out on the same day are raised under the same ecological condition, being beneficial to developing mass selection. The invention is suitable for being popularized and applied in domestic Procambrus clarkii breeding farms and scientific research departments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of Procambius clarkii shrimp seedling, specifically in the benzvalene form container, finish the process that Procambius clarkii shrimp seedling is bred, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Procambius clarkii is commonly called as freshwater crayfish, is a kind of fresh water shrimps of growing fast, delicious in taste and nutritious.This shrimp is the omnivorousness kind, the young with humus, organic debris and living algae be food, become shrimp can also prey on animality and vegetal baits such as benthon, pasture and water.Procambius clarkii from nineteen twenty-nine since Nanjing of China and border land, Chuzhou, Anhui find first, spread all over the numerous domestic waters at present, become the freshwater fish kind that China has higher economic worth.
Because Procambius clarkii has that close shrimp gonad development is slow, egg laying amount is few and mating, lay eggs, incubate characteristics such as seedling is asynchronous, the shrimp seedling that the shrimp seedling of breeding is earlier hatched after can killing and devouring has in a large number seriously influenced the raising of shrimp seedling output.In recent years, along with the expansion of propagating scale artificially, the source of Procambius clarkii shrimp seedling has become one of this industry urgent problem.Grow seedlings in the pond, grow seedlings in the rice field, grow seedlings in the stream, form such as net cage seedling nursery and factorial seedling growth is domestic and international the most common mode, what the above-mentioned type of growing seedlings adopted is to carry out from numerous to water body input Procambius clarkii parent shrimp or shrimp with ovums, self-fertile and autotrophy, also have simultaneously and buy the shrimp seedling from other waters and put in a suitable place to breed, therefore in same water body, exist the phenomenon of the shrimp seedling symbiosis of different size, the problem of killing each other between seed is very serious, especially factorial seedling growth and net cage seedling nursery mode are higher because of shrimp seedling density, survival rate of seedling has only 5%-10% usually, has had a strong impact on the raising of the grow seedlings output and the benefit of growing seedlings.In addition, in Procambius clarkii family selective breeding and colony's seed selection research process, because traditional shrimp seedling that in same water body, exists different batches from the seedling raising manners of numerous self-fertile, the shrimp seedling of different familys mixes mutually, its specification that grows up to size is mainly by the priority decision of growing seedlings batch, the individuality of looking fast might not possess growth vigor, therefore can't select the superior to select in shrimp seedling colony, and germplasm seed selection research is difficult to carry out.Traditional Procambius clarkii step of growing seedlings is: 1. close shrimp sterilization; 2. close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed, and wherein the male and female ratio is 4: 1; 3. female shrimp mating; 4. the female shrimp of part lays eggs in a couple of days at post-coitum, and the female shrimp of part lays eggs after tens of days at post-coitum; 5. ovum goes out the partial fertilization ovum in back 12 days laying eggs, and the partial fertilization ovum is hatched in tens of days in the back of laying eggs; 6. the young of different size and shrimp seedling are cultivated with the pond.This shows that traditional seedling raising manners is that different batches is grown with the pond with different family shrimp seedlings, exist the defective that shrimp seedling specification difference in size is remarkable, the rate of killing each other is high and be difficult to seed selection.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point, thereby the method that provides a kind of Procambius clarkii benzvalene form to grow seedlings, the shrimp seedling specification of breeding can be consistent substantially, to reduce the rate of killing each other between the shrimp seedling, improve survival rate of seedling, and variety improving technique such as colony's seed selection is achieved, thereby promote the development of Procambius clarkii aquaculture.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention be: the benzvalene form seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Procambius clarkii comprise seedling-growing container selection, the preparation of growing seedlings, close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed and management and shrimp seed rearing four big steps.
(1), the selection step of seedling-growing container is:
(a), seedling-growing container can be cylindrical, truncated cone-shaped, prism or terrace with edge shape, the seedling-growing container floor space is 0.01-0.3m
2, the basin height is 25-60cm; (b), seedling-growing container can be substituted by plastic basin, pottery pot, glassware, tub, flowerpot or cement basin; (c), the upper end open of seedling-growing container, inner wall smooth; (d) seedling-growing container can be divided into lid or two kinds of uncovereds, has the basin that covers seedling-growing container to cover the pore that is shaped on several diameters 0.2-1.0cm.
(2), the preparation process of growing seedlings is:
(a), the basin inner bottom part lays the earth of 2-10cm, injects fresh water, the depth of water is 1-15cm;
(b), seedling-growing container is placed in the seedling rearing room, indoor maintenance darkness, intensity of illumination are less than 3000Lx, room temperature is controlled at 5 ℃-28 ℃;
(3) female shrimp or the shrimp with ovums step of putting in a suitable place to breed and managing is:
(a), put the female shrimp of Procambius clarkii or the shrimp with ovums of the hypergamasis of 1 tail in the seedling-growing container in a suitable place to breed; Female shrimp lays eggs, incubates the children in basin, the young is cultivated into the shrimp seedling in basin;
(b), female shrimp or shrimp with ovums lay eggs or incubate the children during can not bait throwing in material or a small amount of bait throwing in material, bait be feed of animal origin as the flesh of fish, freshwater mussel meat, spiral shell meat or pellet, the bait feeding amount is the 0-3% of shrimp body weight.
(4) step of shrimp seed rearing is:
(a), the shrimp seedling hatches can throw something and feed after 3 days fish gruel, fairy shrimp nauplius or pellet, throws something and feeds 1 time every 1-4 days, each 0.2-2 gram.Throw in the plastic deeping that area is a basin floor space 1/3-1/2 size simultaneously in basin, mesh is 1.0-1.2cm, is having living algae on the net sheet.
(b), the shrimp seedling hatches after 5-15 days and to separate close shrimp, throw in the shrimp seedling of hatching on the same day to corresponding storage pond, holding pond or culture in the pond and raise.
Described benzvalene form is grown seedlings and is meant placement female shrimp of 1 tail or shrimp with ovums in seedling-growing container, and female shrimp lays eggs, incubates the children in basin, and the young is cultivated into the shrimp seedling in basin.
Described seedling rearing room inner control intensity of illumination is in order to accelerate the gonad development of female shrimp, to shorten growing-seedling period.
Add earth and water filling in the described seedling-growing container and be in order to reduce the stress reaction of close shrimp, and keep moist in the basin, be beneficial to the hatching of shrimp ovum and cultivate.
Inject fresh water 1-10cm in the described seedling-growing container and be meant at the bottom of the basin that to the depth of water of the water surface, the control principle of the depth of water surfaces with female shrimp back and is as the criterion.
Described intensity of illumination is meant the light intensity of opening the skylight or turning on light when.
The plastic deeping that described input is having living algae is for vegetal bait and things concealed being provided for the young or shrimp seedling, to promote its growth and to improve survival rate of seedling.
It is to regulate by refrigeration facility that described water temperature is controlled at 5 ℃-28 ℃.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages:
1, every basin is only put 1 female shrimp or shrimp with ovums, and the shrimp seedling of being bred all comes from same female shrimp, and shrimp seedling neat specification helps reducing the rate of killing each other and improves the shrimp shoot survival percent.2, benzvalene form is grown seedlings and is convenient to the control of intensity of illumination, can promote the gonad development of female shrimp.3, benzvalene form is grown seedlings to be convenient to finish and is rejected dead shrimp, bait throwing in and receipts shrimping seedling, helps production management.4, breeding efficiency height, the shrimp seedling of breeding counting accurately helps forming a complete production network.5, grow seedlings and produce the influence be not subjected to extraneous climatic variation.6, the shrimp seedling that will hatch on the same day places under the identical ecological condition and raises, and helps carrying out colony's seed selection.
Embodiment
Example one:
The present invention is the benzvalene form seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Procambius clarkii, and seedling raising process mainly comprises: growing seedlings in the selection of (1) seedling-growing container, (2), preparation, (3) close shrimp are put in a suitable place to breed and are managed, (4) shrimp seed rearing four big steps.
(1), the selection of seedling-growing container: the manufacturing materials of seedling-growing container is vinyon, and is cylindrical, Wu Pengai, at the bottom of the basin and the diameter of basin mouth be 25cm, the high 30cm of basin; The upper end open of seedling-growing container, inner wall smooth.
(2), the preparation of growing seedlings: the basin inner bottom part is laid the earth of 5cm, injects fresh water, and the depth of water is 7cm; Seedling-growing container is placed on the interior frame of growing seedlings of seedling rearing room, and per 5 basins are one group, laid parallel.Keep dark in the seedling rearing room, intensity of illumination 50Lx, room temperature is controlled at 15 ℃;
(3), close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed and manages: the female shrimp of Procambius clarkii of putting the hypergamasis of 1 tail in the seedling-growing container in a suitable place to breed; Female shrimp lay eggs or incubate the children during not bait throwing in.
(4), shrimp seed rearing: the shrimp seedling is hatched the pellet of throwing something and feeding after 3 days, throws something and feeds 1 time every 2 days, each 0.5 gram.Throw in the plastic deeping that area is basin floor space 1/3 size simultaneously in basin, mesh is 1.2cm, is having living algae on the net sheet.The shrimp seedling is hatched and is separated close shrimp after 8 days, and the shrimp seedling that will hatch is on the same day thrown in to raising in storage pond, holding pond or the breed pond accordingly.
Example two:
The present invention is the benzvalene form seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Procambius clarkii, and seedling raising process mainly comprises: growing seedlings in the selection of (1) seedling-growing container, (2), preparation, (3) close shrimp are put in a suitable place to breed and are managed, (4) shrimp seed rearing four big steps.
(1), the selection of seedling-growing container: the manufacturing materials of seedling-growing container is a pottery, is chamfered edge platform shape, Wu Pengai, at the bottom of the basin and the basin mouth be square, the basin bottom side length is 25cm, the basin mouth length of side is 30cm, the high 35cm of basin; The upper end open of seedling-growing container, inner wall smooth.
(2), the preparation of growing seedlings: the basin inner bottom part is laid the earth of 8cm, injects fresh water, and the depth of water is 10cm; Seedling-growing container is placed on the interior frame of growing seedlings of seedling rearing room, and per 5 basins are one group, laid parallel.Keep dark in the seedling rearing room, intensity of illumination 200Lx, room temperature is controlled at 20 ℃;
(3), close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed and manages: the female shrimp of Procambius clarkii of putting the hypergamasis of 1 tail in the seedling-growing container in a suitable place to breed; Female shrimp lay eggs or incubate the children during a small amount of bait throwing in, daily ration of feeding is 1% of a close shrimp body weight.
(4), shrimp seed rearing: the shrimp seedling is hatched the pellet of throwing something and feeding after 3 days, throws something and feeds 1 time every 1 day, each 0.3 gram.Throw in the plastic deeping that area is basin floor space 1/2 size simultaneously in basin, mesh is 1.0cm, is having living algae on the net sheet.The shrimp seedling is hatched and is separated close shrimp after 10 days, and the shrimp seedling that will hatch is on the same day thrown in to raising in storage pond, holding pond or the breed pond accordingly.
Example three:
The present invention is the benzvalene form seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Procambius clarkii, and seedling raising process mainly comprises: growing seedlings in the selection of (1) seedling-growing container, (2), preparation, (3) close shrimp are put in a suitable place to breed and are managed, (4) shrimp seed rearing four big steps.
(1), the selection of seedling-growing container: seedling-growing container is made by polypropylene plastics, is prismatic, and the basin lid is arranged, and basin covers the ventilation hole of 10 1cm; At the bottom of the basin and the basin mouth be square, the length of side is 30cm, the high 25cm of basin; The upper end open of seedling-growing container, the basin inner wall smooth;
(2), the preparation of growing seedlings: the basin inner bottom part is laid the earth of 5cm, injects fresh water, and the depth of water is 7cm; Seedling-growing container is placed on the interior frame of growing seedlings of seedling rearing room, and per 5 basins are one group, laid parallel.Keep dark in the seedling rearing room, intensity of illumination 500Lx, room temperature is controlled at 18 ℃;
(3), close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed and manages: put 1 tail Procambius clarkii shrimp with ovums in the seedling-growing container in a suitable place to breed; Female shrimp lay eggs or incubate the children during not bait throwing in.
(4), shrimp seed rearing: the shrimp seedling is hatched the pellet of throwing something and feeding after 2 days, throws something and feeds 1 time every 2 days, each 0.4 gram.Throw in the plastic deeping that area is basin floor space 1/2 size simultaneously in basin, mesh is 1.2cm, is having living algae on the net sheet.The shrimp seedling is hatched and is separated close shrimp after 8 days, and the shrimp seedling that will hatch is on the same day thrown in to raising in storage pond, holding pond or the breed pond accordingly.
Example four:
The present invention is the benzvalene form seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Procambius clarkii, and seedling raising process mainly comprises: growing seedlings in the selection of (1) seedling-growing container, (2), preparation, (3) close shrimp are put in a suitable place to breed and are managed, (4) shrimp seed rearing four big steps.
(1), the selection of seedling-growing container: seedling-growing container is fired by earth, is truncated cone-shaped, and profile is similar to flowerpot, Wu Pengai, diameter is 30cm at the bottom of the basin, basin mouth diameter is 35cm, the high 35cm of basin; The upper end open of seedling-growing container, the basin inner wall smooth.
(2), the preparation of growing seedlings: the basin inner bottom part is laid the earth of 8cm, injects fresh water, and the depth of water is 10cm; Seedling-growing container is placed on the interior frame of growing seedlings of seedling rearing room, and per 5 basins are one group, laid parallel.Keep dark in the seedling rearing room, intensity of illumination 200Lx, room temperature is controlled at 20 ℃;
(3), close shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed and manages: put 1 tail Procambius clarkii shrimp with ovums in the seedling-growing container in a suitable place to breed; Female shrimp lay eggs or incubate the children during not bait throwing in.
(4), shrimp seed rearing: the shrimp seedling is hatched the pellet of throwing something and feeding after 3 days, throws something and feeds 1 time every 1 day, each 0.5 gram.Throw in the plastic deeping that area is basin floor space 1/2 size simultaneously in basin, mesh is 1.0cm, is having living algae on the net sheet.The shrimp seedling is hatched and is separated close shrimp after 8 days, and the shrimp seedling that will hatch is on the same day thrown in to raising in storage pond, holding pond or the breed pond accordingly.
Claims (3)
1. the benzvalene form seedling-cultivating method of a Procambius clarkii is characterized in that comprising following incubation step:
(1) selection of seedling-growing container:
(a), the seedling-growing container floor space of Xuan Zeing is 0.01-0.3m
2, the basin height is 25-60cm; (b), the seedling-growing container upper end open, inner wall smooth; (c) seedling-growing container is divided into lid or two kinds of uncovereds, has the basin that covers seedling-growing container to cover and is shaped on the pore that several diameters are 0.2-1.0cm; (d) seedling-growing container laid parallel or layering stack;
(2), the preparation of growing seedlings:
(a), the basin inner bottom part lays the earth of 2-10cm, injects fresh water, the depth of water is 1-15cm;
(b), seedling-growing container is placed in the seedling rearing room, keeps dark in the seedling rearing room, intensity of illumination is less than 3000Lx, room temperature is controlled at 5 ℃-28 ℃;
(3) female shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed and manages:
(a), put the female shrimp of Procambius clarkii of 1 tail hypergamasis in the seedling-growing container in a suitable place to breed; Female shrimp lays eggs, incubates the children in basin, the young is cultivated into the shrimp seedling in basin;
(b), female shrimp lay eggs or incubate the children during not bait throwing in material or bait throwing in material, the bait feeding amount is the 0-3% of shrimp body weight;
(4) shrimp seed rearing:
(a), the shrimp seedling hatches throw something and feed after 3 days fish gruel, fairy shrimp nauplius or pellet, throws something and feeds 1 time every 1-4 days, each 0.2-2 gram; Throw in the plastic deeping that area is a basin floor space 1/3-1/2 size simultaneously in basin, mesh is 1.0-1.2cm, is having living algae on the net sheet;
(b), the shrimp seedling hatches after 5-15 days and to separate close shrimp, throw in the shrimp seedling of hatching on the same day to corresponding storage pond, holding pond or culture in the pond and raise.
2. the benzvalene form seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Procambius clarkii according to claim 1 is characterized in that described seedling-growing container is cylindrical, truncated cone-shaped, prism or terrace with edge shape.
3. the benzvalene form seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Procambius clarkii according to claim 1 is characterized in that described seedling-growing container is plastic basin, pottery pot, glassware, tub, flowerpot or cement basin.
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| CN2009100362868A CN101692792B (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2009-10-13 | Pan-type fry breeding method for Procambrus clarkii |
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| CN101692792B true CN101692792B (en) | 2011-09-07 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101856000B (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2011-11-16 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method |
| CN107494356B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-06-09 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Intermediate temporary breeding method for breeding families and young shellfish |
| CN115517217B (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏中水东泽农业发展股份有限公司 | Layered rack type seedling raising equipment and seedling raising method suitable for red swamp crayfish |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1792348A (en) * | 2006-01-04 | 2006-06-28 | 高平德 | Method for breeding freshwater lobster |
| CN101002545A (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2007-07-25 | 江苏宝龙集团有限公司 | Method for industrial artificial propagation of Keshi Yuan-ao shrimps |
| CN101011040A (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2007-08-08 | 江苏宝龙集团有限公司 | Pond breeding method for crayfish procambrarus clarkii |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1792348A (en) * | 2006-01-04 | 2006-06-28 | 高平德 | Method for breeding freshwater lobster |
| CN101002545A (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2007-07-25 | 江苏宝龙集团有限公司 | Method for industrial artificial propagation of Keshi Yuan-ao shrimps |
| CN101011040A (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2007-08-08 | 江苏宝龙集团有限公司 | Pond breeding method for crayfish procambrarus clarkii |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 赵朝阳等.克氏原螯虾温室大棚规模化繁育技术及工艺.《中国农学通报》.2009,(第5期),275-278. * |
| 雷景涛等.克氏螯虾池塘批量繁育技术试验.《科学养鱼》.2008,(第12期),6-7. * |
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