CN101642069A - Domesticating method for wild Spanish mackerels - Google Patents
Domesticating method for wild Spanish mackerels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101642069A CN101642069A CN200910044225A CN200910044225A CN101642069A CN 101642069 A CN101642069 A CN 101642069A CN 200910044225 A CN200910044225 A CN 200910044225A CN 200910044225 A CN200910044225 A CN 200910044225A CN 101642069 A CN101642069 A CN 101642069A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- culter
- fish
- tail
- pond
- day
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a domesticating method for wild Spanish mackerels, which comprises the steps of the selection of the water surface for domestication, the collection of the wild Spanish mackerels, artificial domestication, and breeding selection. The method overcomes the defects that the current resources of the wild Spanish mackerels decrease gradually, and the domestication of the wild Spanish mackerels and the large-area artificial culture are not broken through. By domesticating the wild Spanish mackerels, the method can domesticate and breed the Spanish mackerel parents having theadvantages of high quality and yield, stable production, strong disease resistance as well as convenient artificial culture and transportation, and being suitable for the culture environment in China. As for the fries bred by the domesticated Spanish mackerel parents, the survival rate is increased by 15%, and the yield is increased by more than 50% so as to greatly reduce the culture cost. The method has very fundamental significance for protecting the natural resources, meeting the market requirements and increasing the economic income of fishmen.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aquatic biological technical field, the present invention relates to domestication and the parent's selection of fish, is a kind of domesticating method of wild Spanish mackerels specifically.
Background technology
The Culter fish is the famous and precious fish of China's tradition, and supply falls short of demand always in present market.The common Culter fish of China has blue or green tip Culter, tip Culter, Mongolian Culter, stick up 6 kinds of mouth Culter etc., belongs to cyprinid fish, wherein sticks up mouth Culter and has another name called Taihu Lake whitefish, whitefish, has individual big, characteristics such as growth is fast, good in economic efficiency.Its meat is pure white fresh and tender, and nutritive value is higher, and the breed development prospect is very wide, and economic worth is very high.The Culter fish is distributed in each water system of the whole nation, natural output is bigger, on the fishery history of China, occupy certain status, but over nearly 20～30 years, since overfishing and environmental pollution, the resource decline, output sharply descends, cause natural resources to descend significantly, imbalance between supply and demand occurred, impel people to move towards to culture road.Directly be used for carrying out the artificial breeding offspring with wild Culter fish, edgy because of it, the lethality height, survival rate is low, and simultaneously, the growth of the fish that breeds out is irregular, and specification differs greatly.Though obtaining very big achievement aspect the breed improvement of fish in recent years.Because Culter fish artificial domestication technology does not break through, the aquaculture cost height, the market price is expensive.But raise and train aspect parent's seed selection the Culter fish, except that the report that applicant's success in 2007 is tamed, also do not have other staff wild Spanish mackerels to be tamed and carried out the report of parent's seed selection correlation technique from wild population.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the prior art deficiency, that proposition a kind of grows is fast, survival rate is high, disease resistance is strong, output is high, be convenient to artificial numerous supporting and the domesticating method of a kind of wild Spanish mackerels of good stress resistance.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
1, the selection of the domestication water surface: net cage and pond.Net cage: being arranged in the above water body of depth of water 3m, is the best so that miniflow water flow velocity 0.05～0.2m/s to be arranged, and the size of net cage (length * wide * height) is 7～20m * 4～15m * 2～5m, puts into fresh pasture and water in the case, consumption 1～5kg/m
2Pond condition is: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the pond is a rectangle, area 300～5000m
2, the dark 1.5～3.0m in pond, the pasture and water area is about 5～20% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond, transparency 50～100cm, dissolved oxygen amount 5～12mg/L.
2, wild Spanish mackerels collection: generally select turn of autumn and winter promptly 10～December and spring not early summer be from the rivers of lake, to fish for wild Spanish mackerels late March～the first tenday period of a month in May, adult fish of being obtained or juvenile fish adapt to through water temperature puts into mounted net cage, and it is 1～15 tail/m that net cage is thrown in density
2
3, domestication: the Culter fish is raised and train in (1) net cage: before 5 days, put into earlier bighead 1～5 tail/m of specification 0.5～1.0kg/ tail in case
2Tame and docile as the companion, treat that the Culter fish put into behind the case 1～7 day, drop into specification below 10cm fresh and alive small fish or shrimps as the foodstuff of Culter fish, feeding volume be the Culter fish heavy 3～8%; Stopped eating then 2～4 days, the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and the conventional artifical compound feed of Culter fish each 50%, the feeding volume of every day be the Culter fish heavy 1～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly throw something and feed.After one month, select the physique stalwartness, the Culter fish that anosis nothing is hindered changes it over to pond.(2) raise and train in the pond: changed this pond over to before 7 days the Culter fish, put into the bighead of taming and dociling as the companion earlier, its specification is 0.1～1.0kg/ tail, and stocking rate is 0.1～1 tail/m
2, putting into specification again is silver carp 0.1～1 tail/m of 0.1～0.5kg/ tail
2, carp 0.1～0.5 tail/m
2, crucian 0.1～0.5 tail/m
2, support protection water quality as cover.Throw in the Culter fish again, it is 0.1～3 tail/m that the Culter fish is thrown in density
2Advance in 20 days behind the pond, the conventional artifical compound feed of each Culter fish of then only throwing something and feeding after 50%, 20 day of the conventional artifical compound feed of the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and Culter fish, the feeding volume of every day be the Culter fish heavy 2～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly, fixed point throws something and feeds.And attention oxygenation, the dissolved oxygen in the maintenance water body is at 5～12mg/L.
4, seed selection: in breeding in earlier stage, annual March, manually throw something and feed fish piece and artificial feed, after waiting to reach maturity, select the form standard, energetic, physique is healthy and strong, anosis nothing is hindered, the fish of body weight size average weight more than 15% is used to breed the offspring as alternative parent population in the fish of the same age.The fry that hatches just carries out manually taming and dociling food, the artitificial food of throwing something and feeding long to about 3cm.The feeding volume of every day be fish heavy 1～5%, throw every day 2～3 times.
Specific practice:
1. the independent induced spawning hatching of each tail raun, the male and female ratio is 1～2: 3～1.
2. select egg laying amount is big, incubation rate is high individuality again as alternative parent from the beginning of laying eggs.
3. from laying eggs to growing seedlings, forming, the offspring of each tail raun separates raising, sets up its family.
4. critical period young stage, adult fish phase, maturing stage, the egg-laying period four-stage in growth carries out preferably, preferential method is carried out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminate the family that growth rate is slow, survival rate is low, the family under remaining is as the basic family of seed selection of future generation; Carry out the artificial propagation hatching.The selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 1～5%, 5～10%, 10～20%, 20～50%.
5. repeat 1. above-mentioned～4. step, selected for 2～7 generations.
Described Culter fish comprises blue or green tip Culter, tip Culter, Mongolian Culter, sticks up mouth Culter etc.
The present invention has following advantage: Culter flesh of fish matter deliciousness, is of high nutritive value, and is subjected to consumer's welcome deeply, and its breed development prospect is very wide.Culter fish wild resource reduces day by day, and wild Spanish mackerels is tamed and then propagated artificially, for protecting national resource, meets the need of market, and improves fishman's income, and very important meaning is all arranged.The present invention is by taming the Culter fish, tame and select high-quality, high yield, stable yields, premunition strong, be convenient to propagate artificially and transport and the Culter fish parent of suitable China breeding environment.Culter fish parent after the domestication, the seed that breeds out can be improved survival rate 15%, be improved output more than 20% when forming, reduced aquaculture cost greatly, improves the macroeconomy economic benefit and reaches more than 25%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further narration:
Embodiment 1 (is example with Mongolian Culter):
1, the selection of the domestication water surface: net cage and pond.Net cage: be arranged at more than the depth of water 3m, in the water body of miniflow water flow velocity 0.05～0.2m/s, the size of net cage (length * wide * height) is 12m * 8m * 3m, puts into fresh pasture and water in the case, consumption 2kg/m
2Pond condition is: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the pond is a rectangle, area 500m
2, the dark 1.8m in pond, the pasture and water area is about 8% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond, transparency 60cm, dissolved oxygen amount 6mg/L.
2, wild Mongolian Culter gathers: generally select turn of autumn and winter promptly to fish for wild Mongolian Culter 10～December from the rivers of lake, adult fish of being obtained or juvenile fish adapt to through water temperature puts into mounted net cage, and it is 5 tails/m that net cage is thrown in density
2
3, domestication: (1) net cage Inner Mongol Culter raises and train: before 5 days, put into earlier the bighead 4 tails/m of specification 0.5kg/ tail in case
2Tame and docile as the companion, treat that Mongolian Culter put into behind the case 1～7 day, drop into specification below 10cm fresh and alive small fish or shrimps as the foodstuff of Mongolian Culter, feeding volume be Mongolian Culter heavy 3～8%; Stopped eating then 2 days, the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and the conventional artifical compound feed of Mongolian Culter each 50%, the feeding volume of every day be Mongolian Culter heavy 1～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly throw something and feed.After one month, select the physique stalwartness, the Mongolian Culter that anosis nothing is hindered changes it over to pond.(2) raise and train in the pond: changed this pond over to before 7 days at Mongolian Culter, put into the bighead of taming and dociling as the companion earlier, its specification is the 0.8kg/ tail, and stocking rate is 0.5 tail/m
2, putting into specification again is the silver carp 0.3 tail/m of 0.1kg/ tail
2, carp 0.2 tail/m
2, crucian 0.3 tail/m
2, support protection water quality as cover.Throw in Mongolian Culter again, it is 3 tails/m that Mongolian Culter throws in density
2Advance in 20 days behind the pond, the conventional artifical compound feed of each Mongolian Culter that then only throws something and feeds after 50%, 20 day of the conventional artifical compound feed of the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and Mongolian Culter, the feeding volume of every day be Mongolian Culter heavy 2～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly, fixed point throws something and feeds.And attention oxygenation, the dissolved oxygen in the maintenance water body is at 7mg/L.
4, seed selection: in earlier stage in breeding, begin annual March, manually throw something and feed and shred fish piece and artificial feed, after waiting to reach maturity, select the form standard, energetic, physique is healthy and strong, anosis nothing is hindered, the fish of body weight size average weight more than 15% is used to breed the offspring as alternative parent population in the fish of the same age.The fry that hatches just carries out manually taming and dociling food, the artitificial food of throwing something and feeding long to about 3cm.The feeding volume of every day be fish heavy 1～5%, throw every day 2～3 times.
Specific practice:
1. the independent induced spawning hatching of each tail raun, the male and female ratio is 1: 2.
2. select egg laying amount is big, incubation rate is high individuality again as alternative parent from the beginning of laying eggs.
3. from laying eggs to growing seedlings, forming, the offspring of each tail raun separates raising, sets up its family.
4. critical period young stage, adult fish phase, maturing stage, the egg-laying period four-stage in growth carries out preferably, preferential method is carried out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminate the family that growth rate is slow, survival rate is low, the family under remaining is as the basic family of seed selection of future generation; Carry out the artificial propagation hatching.The selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 2%, 6%, 12%, 25%.
5. repeat 1. above-mentioned～4. step, selected for 2～7 generations.
Embodiment 2 (is example to stick up mouth Culter):
1, the selection of the domestication water surface: net cage and pond.Net cage: be arranged at more than the depth of water 3m, in the water body of miniflow water flow velocity 0.05～0.2m/s, the size of net cage (length * wide * height) is 18 * 12 * 4m, puts into fresh pasture and water in the case, consumption 4kg/m
2Pond condition is: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the pond is a rectangle, area 4000m
2, the dark 2.8m in pond, the pasture and water area is about 18% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond, transparency 90cm, dissolved oxygen amount 10mg/L.
2, the wild mouth Culter that sticks up gathers: generally select the spring not early summer be from the rivers of lake, to fish for the wild mouth Culter that sticks up late March～the first tenday period of a month in May, adult fish of being obtained or juvenile fish adapt to through water temperature puts into mounted net cage, it is 12 tails/m that net cage is thrown in density
2
3, domestication: stick up mouth Culter in (1) net cage and raise and train: before 5 days, in case, put into earlier the bighead 1 tail/m of specification 1kg/ tail
2Tame and docile as the companion, wait to stick up mouth Culter and put into behind the case 1～7 day, drop into specification below 10cm fresh and alive small fish or shrimps as the foodstuff that sticks up mouth Culter, feeding volume be stick up mouth Culter heavy 3～8%; Stopped eating then 3 days, the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and stick up the conventional artifical compound feed of mouth Culter each 50%, the feeding volume of every day be stick up mouth Culter heavy 1～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly throw something and feed.After one month, select the physique stalwartness, anosis nothing is hindered sticks up mouth Culter, changes it over to pond.(2) raise and train in the pond: changed this pond over to before 7 days sticking up mouth Culter, put into the bighead of taming and dociling as the companion earlier, its specification is the 0.6kg/ tail, and stocking rate is 1 tail/m
2, putting into specification again is the silver carp 0.3 tail/m of 0.2kg/ tail
2, carp 0.3 tail/m
2, crucian 0.4 tail/m
2, support protection water quality as cover.Throw in and stick up mouth Culter, sticking up mouth Culter input density is 2 tails/m
2Advance in 20 days behind the pond, the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and stick up the conventional artifical compound feed of mouth Culter each is is then only thrown something and fed after 50%, 20 day and sticks up the conventional artifical compound feed of mouth Culter, the feeding volume of every day be stick up mouth Culter heavy 2～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly, fixed point throws something and feeds.And attention oxygenation, the dissolved oxygen in the maintenance water body is at 9mg/L.
4, seed selection: in breeding in earlier stage, annual March, manually throw something and feed fish piece and artificial feed, after waiting to reach maturity, select the form standard, energetic, physique is healthy and strong, anosis nothing is hindered, the fish of body weight size average weight more than 15% is used to breed the offspring as alternative parent population in the fish of the same age.The fry that hatches just carries out manually taming and dociling food, the artitificial food of throwing something and feeding long to about 3cm.The feeding volume of every day be fish heavy 1～5%, throw every day 2～3 times.
Specific practice:
1. the independent induced spawning hatching of each tail raun, the male and female ratio is 2: 3.
2. select egg laying amount is big, incubation rate is high individuality again as alternative parent from the beginning of laying eggs.
3. from laying eggs to growing seedlings, forming, the offspring of each tail raun separates raising, sets up its family.
4. critical period young stage, adult fish phase, maturing stage, the egg-laying period four-stage in growth carries out preferably, preferential method is carried out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminate the family that growth rate is slow, survival rate is low, the family under remaining is as the basic family of seed selection of future generation; Carry out the artificial propagation hatching.The selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%.
5. repeat 1. above-mentioned～4. step, selected for 2～7 generations.
Embodiment 3 (is example with blue or green tip Culter):
1, the selection of the domestication water surface: net cage and pond.Net cage: be arranged at more than the depth of water 3m, in the water body of miniflow water flow velocity 0.05～0.2m/s, the size of net cage (length * wide * height) is 18 * 12 * 4m, puts into fresh pasture and water in the case, consumption 4kg/m
2Pond condition is: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the pond is a rectangle, area 2000m
2, the dark 2m in pond, the pasture and water area is about 12% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond, transparency 75cm, dissolved oxygen amount 8mg/L.
2, wild blue or green tip Culter gathers: generally select the spring not early summer be from the rivers of lake, to fish for the wild blue or green tip Culter late March～the first tenday period of a month in May, adult fish of being obtained or juvenile fish adapt to through water temperature puts into mounted net cage, it is 8 tails/m that net cage is thrown in density
2
3, domestication: blue or green tip Culter raises and train in (1) net cage: before 5 days, put into earlier the bighead 2 tails/m of specification 0.8kg/ tail in case
2Tame and docile as the companion, treat that blue or green tip Culter put into behind the case 1～7 day, drop into specification below 10cm fresh and alive small fish or shrimps as the foodstuff of blue or green tip Culter, feeding volume be blue or green tip Culter heavy 3～8%; Stopped eating then 3 days, the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and the conventional artifical compound feed of blue or green tip Culter each 50%, the feeding volume of every day be blue or green tip Culter heavy 1～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly throw something and feed.After one month, select the physique stalwartness, the blue or green tip Culter that anosis nothing is hindered changes it over to pond.(2) raise and train in the pond: changed this pond over to before 7 days at blue or green tip Culter, put into the bighead of taming and dociling as the companion earlier, its specification is the 0.6kg/ tail, and stocking rate is 1 tail/m
2, putting into specification again is the silver carp 0.2 tail/m of 0.3kg/ tail
2, carp 0.4 tail/m
2, crucian 0.2 tail/m
2, support protection water quality as cover.Throw in blue or green tip Culter again, it is 2 tails/m that blue or green tip Culter throws in density
2Advance in 20 days behind the pond, the conventional artifical compound feed of each blue or green tip Culter that then only throws something and feeds after 50%, 20 day of the conventional artifical compound feed of the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and blue or green tip Culter, the feeding volume of every day be blue or green tip Culter heavy 2～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly, fixed point throws something and feeds.And attention oxygenation, the dissolved oxygen in the maintenance water body is at 11mg/L.
4, seed selection: in breeding in earlier stage, annual March, manually throw something and feed fish piece and artificial feed, after waiting to reach maturity, select the form standard, energetic, physique is healthy and strong, anosis nothing is hindered, the fish of body weight size average weight more than 15% is used to breed the offspring as alternative parent population in the fish of the same age.The fry that hatches just carries out manually taming and dociling food, the artitificial food of throwing something and feeding long to about 3cm.The feeding volume of every day be fish heavy 1～5%, throw every day 2～3 times.
Specific practice:
1. the independent induced spawning hatching of each tail raun, the male and female ratio is 2: 3.
2. select egg laying amount is big, incubation rate is high individuality again as alternative parent from the beginning of laying eggs.
3. from laying eggs to growing seedlings, forming, the offspring of each tail raun separates raising, sets up its family.
4. critical period young stage, adult fish phase, maturing stage, the egg-laying period four-stage in growth carries out preferably, preferential method is carried out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminate the family that growth rate is slow, survival rate is low, the family under remaining is as the basic family of seed selection of future generation; Carry out the artificial propagation hatching.The selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 3%, 8%, 16%, 30%.
5. repeat 1. above-mentioned～4. step, selected for 2～7 generations.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of domesticating method of wild Spanish mackerels is characterized in that:
A. tame the selection of the water surface: net cage and pond; Net cage: being arranged in the above water body of depth of water 3m, is the best so that miniflow water flow velocity 0.05～0.2m/s to be arranged, and the length of the size of net cage * wide * height is 7～20m * 4～15m * 2～5m, puts into fresh pasture and water in the case, consumption 1～5kg/m
2Pond condition is: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the pond is a rectangle, area 300～5000m
2, the dark 1.5～3.0m in pond, the pasture and water area is about 5～20% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond, transparency 50～100cm, dissolved oxygen amount 5～12mg/L;
B. wild Spanish mackerels collection: generally select turn of autumn and winter promptly 10～December and spring not early summer be from the rivers of lake, to fish for wild Spanish mackerels late March～the first tenday period of a month in May, adult fish of being obtained or juvenile fish adapt to through water temperature puts into mounted net cage, and it is 1～15 tail/m that net cage is thrown in density
2
C. domestication: the Culter fish is raised and train in (1) net cage: before 5 days, put into earlier bighead 1～5 tail/m of specification 0.5～1.0kg/ tail in case
2Tame and docile as the companion, treat that the Culter fish put into behind the case 1～7 day, drop into specification below 10cm fresh and alive small fish or shrimps as the foodstuff of Culter fish, feeding volume be the Culter fish heavy 3～8%; Stopped eating then 2～4 days, the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and the conventional artifical compound feed of Culter fish each 50%, the feeding volume of every day be the Culter fish heavy 1～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly throw something and feed, after one month, select the physique stalwartness, the Culter fish that anosis nothing is hindered changes it over to pond; (2) raise and train in the pond: changed this pond over to before 7 days the Culter fish, put into the bighead of taming and dociling as the companion earlier, its specification is 0.1～1.0kg/ tail, and stocking rate is 0.1～1 tail/m
2, putting into specification again is silver carp 0.1～1 tail/m of 0.1～0.5kg/ tail
2, carp 0.1～0.5 tail/m
2, crucian 0.1～0.5 tail/m
2, support protection water quality as cover; Throw in the Culter fish again, it is 0.1～3 tail/m that the Culter fish is thrown in density
2Advance in 20 days behind the pond, throw something and feed the fish piece of chopping and the conventional artifical compound feed of Culter fish each 50%, the conventional artifical compound feed of the Culter fish of then only throwing something and feeding after 20 days, the feeding volume of every day be the Culter fish heavy 2～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly, fixed point throws something and feeds, and attention oxygenation, the dissolved oxygen in the maintenance water body is at 5～12mg/L;
D. seed selection: in breeding in earlier stage, annual March, manually throw something and feed fish piece and artificial feed, after waiting to reach maturity, select the form standard, energetic, physique is healthy and strong, anosis nothing is hindered, the fish of body weight size average weight more than 15% is used to breed the offspring as alternative parent population in the fish of the same age; The fry that hatches just carries out manually taming and dociling food long to about 3cm, the artitificial food of throwing something and feeding, the feeding volume of every day be fish heavy 1～5%, throw every day 2～3 times;
Specific practice:
1. the independent induced spawning hatching of each tail raun, the male and female ratio is 1～2: 3～1;
2. select egg laying amount is big, incubation rate is high individuality again as alternative parent population from the beginning of laying eggs;
3. from laying eggs to growing seedlings, forming, the offspring of each tail raun separates raising, sets up its family;
4. critical period young stage, adult fish phase, maturing stage, the egg-laying period four-stage in growth carries out preferably, preferential method is carried out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminate the family that growth rate is slow, survival rate is low, family under remaining is carried out the artificial propagation hatching as the basic family of seed selection of future generation; The selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 1～5%, 5～10%, 10～20%, 20～50%;
5. repeat 1. above-mentioned～4. step, selected for 2～7 generations.
2, the domesticating method of wild Spanish mackerels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Culter fish comprises blue or green tip Culter, tip Culter, Mongolian Culter, sticks up mouth Culter.
3, the domesticating method of wild Spanish mackerels according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
A. tame the selection of the water surface: net cage and pond; Net cage: be arranged at more than the depth of water 3m, in the water body of miniflow water flow velocity 0.05～0.2m/s, net cage length * wide * height is 12m * 8m * 3m, puts into fresh pasture and water in the case, consumption 2kg/m
2Pond condition is: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the pond is a rectangle, area 500m
2, the dark 1.8m in pond, the pasture and water area is about 8% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond, transparency 60cm, dissolved oxygen amount 6mg/L;
B. wild Mongolian Culter gathers: generally select turn of autumn and winter promptly to fish for wild Mongolian Culter 10～December from the rivers of lake, adult fish of being obtained or juvenile fish adapt to through water temperature puts into mounted net cage, and it is 5 tails/m that net cage is thrown in density
2
C. domestication: (1) net cage Inner Mongol Culter raises and train: before 5 days, put into earlier the bighead 4 tails/m of specification 0.5kg/ tail in case
2Tame and docile as the companion, treat that Mongolian Culter put into behind the case 1～7 day, drop into specification below 10cm fresh and alive small fish or shrimps as the foodstuff of Mongolian Culter, feeding volume be Mongolian Culter heavy 3～8%; Stopped eating then 2 days, the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and the conventional artifical compound feed of Mongolian Culter each 50%, the feeding volume of every day be Mongolian Culter heavy 1～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly throw something and feed; After one month, select the physique stalwartness, the Mongolian Culter that anosis nothing is hindered changes it over to pond; (2) raise and train in the pond: changed this pond over to before 7 days at Mongolian Culter, put into the bighead of taming and dociling as the companion earlier, its specification is the 0.8kg/ tail, and stocking rate is 0.5 tail/m
2, putting into specification again is the silver carp 0.3 tail/m of 0.1kg/ tail
2, carp 0.2 tail/m
2, crucian 0.3 tail/m
2, to support as cover, protection water quality is thrown in Mongolian Culter again, and it is 3 tails/m that Mongolian Culter throws in density
2Advance in 20 days behind the pond, throw something and feed the fish piece of chopping and the conventional artifical compound feed of Mongolian Culter each 50%, the conventional artifical compound feed of the Mongolian Culter that then only throws something and feeds after 20 days, the feeding volume of every day be Mongolian Culter heavy 2～4%, day throws 2～3 times, regularly, fixed point throws something and feeds, and notes oxygenation, keeps dissolved oxygen in the water body at 7mg/L;
D. seed selection: in earlier stage in breeding, in annual March, manually throw something and feed chopping fish piece and artificial feed are after waiting to reach maturity, select the form standard, energetic, physique is healthy and strong, anosis nothing is hindered, the fish of body weight size average weight more than 15% is used to breed the offspring, the fry that hatches as alternative parent population in the fish of the same age, to about 3cm, just carry out manually taming and dociling food long, the artitificial food of throwing something and feeding, the feeding volume of every day be fish heavy 1～5%, throw every day 2～3 times;
Specific practice:
1. the independent induced spawning hatching of each tail raun, the male and female ratio is 1: 2;
2. select egg laying amount is big, incubation rate is high individuality again as alternative parent from the beginning of laying eggs;
3. from laying eggs to growing seedlings, forming, the offspring of each tail raun separates raising, sets up its family;
4. critical period young stage, adult fish phase, maturing stage, the egg-laying period four-stage in growth carries out preferably, preferential method is carried out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminate the family that growth rate is slow, survival rate is low, the family under remaining is as the basic family of seed selection of future generation; Carry out the artificial propagation hatching, the selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 2%, 6%, 12%, 25%;
5. repeat 1. above-mentioned～4. step, selected for 2～7 generations.
4, the domesticating method of wild Spanish mackerels according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
A. tame the selection of the water surface: net cage and pond; Net cage: be arranged at more than the depth of water 3m, in the water body of miniflow water flow velocity 0.05～0.2m/s, the length of net cage * wide * height is 18 * 12 * 4m, puts into fresh pasture and water in the case, consumption 4kg/m
2Pond condition is: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the pond is a rectangle, area 4000m
2, the dark 2.8m in pond, the pasture and water area is about 18% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond, transparency 90cm, dissolved oxygen amount 10mg/L;
B. the wild mouth Culter that sticks up gathers: generally select the spring not early summer be from the rivers of lake, to fish for the wild mouth Culter that sticks up late March～the first tenday period of a month in May, adult fish of being obtained or juvenile fish adapt to through water temperature puts into mounted net cage, it is 12 tails/m that net cage is thrown in density
2
C. domestication: stick up mouth Culter in (1) net cage and raise and train: before 5 days, in case, put into earlier the bighead 1 tail/m of specification 1kg/ tail
2Tame and docile as the companion, wait to stick up mouth Culter and put into behind the case 1～7 day, drop into specification below 10cm fresh and alive small fish or shrimps as the foodstuff that sticks up mouth Culter, feeding volume be stick up mouth Culter heavy 3～8%; Stopped eating then 3 days, the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and stick up the conventional artifical compound feed of mouth Culter each 50%, the feeding volume of every day be stick up mouth Culter heavy 1～4%, day throws 2～3 times, regularly throws something and feeds, after one month, selection physique stalwartness, anosis nothing is hindered sticks up mouth Culter, changes it over to pond; (2) raise and train in the pond: changed this pond over to before 7 days sticking up mouth Culter, put into the bighead of taming and dociling as the companion earlier, its specification is the 0.6kg/ tail, and stocking rate is 1 tail/m
2, putting into specification again is the silver carp 0.3 tail/m of 0.2kg/ tail
2, carp 0.3 tail/m
2, crucian 0.4 tail/m
2, to support as cover, protection water quality is thrown in and is stuck up mouth Culter, and sticking up mouth Culter input density is 2 tails/m
2Advance in 20 days behind the pond, throw something and feed chopping the fish piece and stick up the conventional artifical compound feed of mouth Culter each 50%, then only throw something and feed after 20 days and stick up the conventional artifical compound feed of mouth Culter, the feeding volume of every day be stick up mouth Culter heavy 2～4%, day throw 2～3 times, regularly, fixed point throws something and feeds, and attention oxygenation, the dissolved oxygen in the maintenance water body is at 9mg/L;
D. seed selection: in earlier stage in breeding, in annual March, manually throw something and feed fish piece and artificial feed are after waiting to reach maturity, select the form standard, energetic, physique is healthy and strong, anosis nothing is hindered, the fish of body weight size average weight more than 1 5% is used to breed the offspring, the fry that hatches as alternative parent population in the fish of the same age, to about 3cm, just carry out manually taming and dociling food long, the artitificial food of throwing something and feeding, the feeding volume of every day be fish heavy 1～5%, throw every day 2～3 times;
Specific practice:
1. the independent induced spawning hatching of each tail raun, the male and female ratio is 2: 3;
2. select egg laying amount is big, incubation rate is high individuality again as alternative parent from the beginning of laying eggs;
3. from laying eggs to growing seedlings, forming, the offspring of each tail raun separates raising, sets up its family;
4. critical period young stage, adult fish phase, maturing stage, the egg-laying period four-stage in growth carries out preferably, preferential method is carried out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminate the family that growth rate is slow, survival rate is low, the family under remaining is as the basic family of seed selection of future generation; Carry out the artificial propagation hatching, the selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%;
5. repeat 1. above-mentioned～4. step, selected for 2～7 generations.
5, the domesticating method of wild Spanish mackerels according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
A. tame the selection of the water surface: net cage and pond; Net cage: be arranged at more than the depth of water 3m, in the water body of miniflow water flow velocity 0.05～0.2m/s, the length of net cage * wide * height is 18 * 12 * 4m, puts into fresh pasture and water in the case, consumption 4kg/m
2Pond condition is: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the pond is a rectangle, area 2000m
2, the dark 2m in pond, the pasture and water area is about 12% of the gross area at the bottom of the pond, transparency 75cm, dissolved oxygen amount 8mg/L;
B. wild blue or green tip Culter gathers: generally select the spring not early summer be from the rivers of lake, to fish for the wild blue or green tip Culter late March～the first tenday period of a month in May, adult fish of being obtained or juvenile fish adapt to through water temperature puts into mounted net cage, it is 8 tails/m that net cage is thrown in density
2
C. domestication: blue or green tip Culter raises and train in (1) net cage: before 5 days, put into earlier the bighead 2 tails/m of specification 0.8kg/ tail in case
2Tame and docile as the companion, treat that blue or green tip Culter put into behind the case 1～7 day, drop into specification below 10cm fresh and alive small fish or shrimps as the foodstuff of blue or green tip Culter, feeding volume be blue or green tip Culter heavy 3～8%; Stopped eating then 3 days, the fish piece of the chopping of throwing something and feeding and the conventional artifical compound feed of blue or green tip Culter each 50%, the feeding volume of every day be blue or green tip Culter heavy 1～4%, day throws 2～3 times, regularly throws something and feeds, after one month, selection physique stalwartness, the blue or green tip Culter that anosis nothing is hindered changes it over to pond; (2) raise and train in the pond: changed this pond over to before 7 days at blue or green tip Culter, put into the bighead of taming and dociling as the companion earlier, its specification is the 0.6kg/ tail, and stocking rate is 1 tail/m
2, putting into specification again is the silver carp 0.2 tail/m of 0.3kg/ tail
2, carp 0.4 tail/m
2, crucian 0.2 tail/m
2, to support as cover, protection water quality is thrown in blue or green tip Culter again, and it is 2 tails/m that blue or green tip Culter throws in density
2Advance in 20 days behind the pond, throw something and feed the fish piece of chopping and the conventional artifical compound feed of blue or green tip Culter each 50%, the conventional artifical compound feed of the blue or green tip Culter that then only throws something and feeds after 20 days, the feeding volume of every day be blue or green tip Culter heavy 2～4%, day throws 2～3 times, regularly, fixed point throws something and feeds, and notes oxygenation, keeps dissolved oxygen in the water body at 11mg/L;
D. seed selection: in earlier stage in breeding, in annual March, manually throw something and feed fish piece and artificial feed are after waiting to reach maturity, select the form standard, energetic, physique is healthy and strong, anosis nothing is hindered, the fish of body weight size average weight more than 15% is used to breed the offspring, the fry that hatches as alternative parent population in the fish of the same age, to about 3cm, just carry out manually taming and dociling food long, the artitificial food of throwing something and feeding, the feeding volume of every day be fish heavy 1～5%, throw every day 2～3 times;
Specific practice:
1. the independent induced spawning hatching of each tail raun, the male and female ratio is 2: 3;
2. select egg laying amount is big, incubation rate is high individuality again as alternative parent from the beginning of laying eggs;
3. from laying eggs to growing seedlings, forming, the offspring of each tail raun separates raising, sets up its family;
4. critical period young stage, adult fish phase, maturing stage, the egg-laying period four-stage in growth carries out preferably, preferential method is carried out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminate the family that growth rate is slow, survival rate is low, the family under remaining is as the basic family of seed selection of future generation; Carry out the artificial propagation hatching, the selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 3%, 8%, 16%, 30%;
5. repeat 1. above-mentioned～4. step, selected for 2～7 generations.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100442256A CN101642069B (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | Domesticating method for wild Spanish mackerels |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100442256A CN101642069B (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | Domesticating method for wild Spanish mackerels |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101642069A true CN101642069A (en) | 2010-02-10 |
| CN101642069B CN101642069B (en) | 2011-11-16 |
Family
ID=41654251
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100442256A Active CN101642069B (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | Domesticating method for wild Spanish mackerels |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101642069B (en) |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144589A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-08-10 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Environment-friendly method for culturing fish by using net cages |
| CN102893935A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-01-30 | 毕节市水产技术推广站 | Method for domesticating and raising percocypris pingi pingi |
| CN103229738A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-07 | 布尔津县额河特有冷水鱼繁育开发有限公司 | Artificial domestication method for wild perches |
| CN103583425A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-02-19 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | Wild rhinogobio ventralis continental rise pond net cage domestication method |
| CN103918592A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-16 | 娄志 | Crucian fry cultivation method |
| CN103918595A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-16 | 娄志 | Silver carp breeding method |
| CN106035167A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-10-26 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院 | Wild schizopygopsis younghusbandi domesticating method |
| CN107306859A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-03 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | It is a kind of to hybridize the method that mandarin fish net cage tames and dociles food |
| CN108094270A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-01 | 大湖水殖股份有限公司 | A kind of deep water for improving transport survival rate stores up the method for supporting bighead |
| CN108739547A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of natural lake extensive cultivation type whitefish cultural method |
| CN108739545A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of natural lake intensive culture type whitefish cultural method |
| CN108782481A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-13 | 湖南文理学院 | A kind of device for water surface aquaculture trapping Culter fishes |
| CN108990845A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-14 | 紫云自治县翔锋种养殖农民专业合作社 | A kind of domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori |
| CN109220909A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of wild copper fishpond pool artificial domestication method |
| CN110663591A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2020-01-10 | 池州市秋浦特种水产开发有限公司 | Breeding method of leopard flower mandarin fish |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100496232C (en) * | 2005-09-05 | 2009-06-10 | 李思发 | Novel selecting and breeding method for gift tilapia |
-
2009
- 2009-08-28 CN CN2009100442256A patent/CN101642069B/en active Active
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144589A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-08-10 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Environment-friendly method for culturing fish by using net cages |
| CN102893935A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-01-30 | 毕节市水产技术推广站 | Method for domesticating and raising percocypris pingi pingi |
| CN103229738A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-07 | 布尔津县额河特有冷水鱼繁育开发有限公司 | Artificial domestication method for wild perches |
| CN103229738B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-10-14 | 布尔津县额河特有冷水鱼繁育开发有限公司 | The method of the wild perch of a kind of artificial domestication |
| CN103583425A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-02-19 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | Wild rhinogobio ventralis continental rise pond net cage domestication method |
| CN103918592A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-16 | 娄志 | Crucian fry cultivation method |
| CN103918595A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-16 | 娄志 | Silver carp breeding method |
| CN106035167A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-10-26 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院 | Wild schizopygopsis younghusbandi domesticating method |
| CN107306859A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-03 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | It is a kind of to hybridize the method that mandarin fish net cage tames and dociles food |
| CN108094270A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-01 | 大湖水殖股份有限公司 | A kind of deep water for improving transport survival rate stores up the method for supporting bighead |
| CN108739547A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of natural lake extensive cultivation type whitefish cultural method |
| CN108739545A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of natural lake intensive culture type whitefish cultural method |
| CN108782481A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-13 | 湖南文理学院 | A kind of device for water surface aquaculture trapping Culter fishes |
| CN108990845A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-14 | 紫云自治县翔锋种养殖农民专业合作社 | A kind of domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori |
| CN109220909A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of wild copper fishpond pool artificial domestication method |
| CN110663591A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2020-01-10 | 池州市秋浦特种水产开发有限公司 | Breeding method of leopard flower mandarin fish |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101642069B (en) | 2011-11-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101642069B (en) | Domesticating method for wild Spanish mackerels | |
| CN103493759B (en) | A kind of grouper scale artificial seedling rearing method | |
| CN101715747B (en) | Method for promoting Yangtze River saury to naturally spawn | |
| CN102318576B (en) | Whole-process seawater breeding method for Trachidermus fasciatus | |
| CN102379254A (en) | Controllable synchronous brooding breeding method of cherax quadricarinatus | |
| CN104472412A (en) | Coilia ectenes step type breeding method | |
| CN109452203A (en) | A kind of flat Rockfish deep water mesh cage large size seedling seed breeding method of Xu Shi | |
| CN105340833A (en) | Low-light culturing method for giant salamanders | |
| CN101647412B (en) | Method for breeding tridentiger trigonocephalus by artificial induced spawning and insemination | |
| CN102919186B (en) | Artificial breeding method for sillago sihama | |
| CN102487867B (en) | Mixed culture method for sepia esculenta offspring seed and cynoglossus semilaevis offspring seed | |
| CN104161001A (en) | Tilapia and loach mixed-pool-breeding method | |
| CN112136738B (en) | High-egg-holding-quantity red-swamp crayfish parent screening and breeding method | |
| CN104782554B (en) | A kind of subregion feeding method for being applied to raise together with pond | |
| CN112352713B (en) | Artificial propagation method for neolabeo fasciatus | |
| KR20160136993A (en) | Aquaculture method for seahorse fry | |
| CN106973834A (en) | A kind of Litopenaeus vannamei Broodstock feeding method | |
| CN103814853B (en) | A kind of selection of import prawn natural selection | |
| CN109197715A (en) | A kind of artificial breeding of Penaeus vannamei method | |
| CN107372230A (en) | A kind of artificial fecundation method of lip dace | |
| CN208987556U (en) | A kind of block type Ecology pond breeding and seedling equipment | |
| CN108990845A (en) | A kind of domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori | |
| CN101731166A (en) | Artificial propagation method of perccottus glehni | |
| CN104488781A (en) | Breeding method for Chaohuwhitebait | |
| CN105900886B (en) | A method of utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |