CN103229738A - Artificial domestication method for wild perches - Google Patents
Artificial domestication method for wild perches Download PDFInfo
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- CN103229738A CN103229738A CN2013101548803A CN201310154880A CN103229738A CN 103229738 A CN103229738 A CN 103229738A CN 2013101548803 A CN2013101548803 A CN 2013101548803A CN 201310154880 A CN201310154880 A CN 201310154880A CN 103229738 A CN103229738 A CN 103229738A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial domestication method for wild perches. The artificial domestication method for the wild perches comprises selection of cultivation conditions, selection of water quality conditions, throwing in and domestication of fish fry, feed selection feeding after changing of ponds and prevention of fish disease. The artificial domestication method for the wild perches has the advantages of enabling the per unit area yield of the wild perches to be more than 400 kg/mu, improving the yield of high quality wild perches by a large margin, effectively relieving an urgent requirement of the high quality wild perches in the local area and external areas and making contributions to the development of distinguished aquatic product industries in Sinkiang.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for the wild perch of a kind of artificial domestication.
Background technology
Perch (Perca fluviatilis) belongs to Perciformes, Percidae, and perch belongs to, and claims five roads black again, multicolored spot fish.In the Eerqisihe River water system that Xinjiang is only originated in China, it is a kind of famous and precious inferior CFW fish.Characteristics such as this fishing gear has fast growth, and premunition is strong were once becoming one of economic fish of my regional output maximum in the eighties in last century.Perch meat is many, and thorn is few between flesh and thin, delicious, and has high protein, low-fat characteristics.The wild fish of the Eerqisihe River water system that only distributes in the whole nation, perch are predacious fish, in natural waters, only eat agreeable to the taste live bait, because agreeable to the taste live bait resource quantity is limited, so yield poorly, do not form scale, and it is also very low to propagate output artificially.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the method for the wild perch of a kind of artificial domestication, use this method, can make and culture per unit area yield more than 400 kilograms/mu.
The method of the wild perch of a kind of artificial domestication provided by the invention, selection, the fingerling that comprises selection, the condition of water quality of cultivating condition throw in domestication, change that feed behind the pool is selected to throw something and feed and the control of fish disease.
Preferably, in the selection of described condition of water quality, dissolved oxygen content is 5mg/L-8mg/L in the water body.
Further, dissolved oxygen content is 7mg/L in the described water body.
Preferably, it is with after the wild perch summer flower input that described fingerling is thrown in domestication, and bait and water are fully mixed thoroughly, carries out full pool spilling head; Splash and throw something and feed in the leeward one side of selecting afterwards to face south, the area of splashing will be tried one's best greatly; And then the area of slowly will splashing is fixed on the domestication point, and through fixed point domestication in 10-15 days, fry began come-up and robs food, and fry tame successfully, and the fry total length is 5-6 centimetre at this moment; The whole domestication process bait of quantitatively throwing something and feeding.
Because perch is difficult to domestication, so the present invention adopts three step method for domesticating (that is: full pool spilling head is is before this thrown something and fed along splashing then, is fixed at last in the domestication) progressively to tame perch on one side, thereby has reached good domestication effect.
Put the successful fry of domestication in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is 8000-12000 tail/mu.The perch growth rapidly when this density.The perch growth rate was slow when density was too high, can not take full advantage of the space, pond when density is too low.The perch growth rate is the fastest when being 10000 tails/mu with breeding density wherein.
Preferably, described bait is that the gruel of 96 mass parts fishes is mixed and made into 4 mass parts auxiliary materials; Wherein said fish is rotten, and what use is small fish after freezing, and described auxiliary material is grouped into by following one-tenth: 2 mass parts salt, 1.3 mass parts dusty yeasts, 0.2 mass parts B B-complex, 0.5 mass parts lactic acid bacteria.
The adding of auxiliary material can help fry digestion, and can bactericidal antiphlogistic, strengthen fish physique, promote fish growth, play good disease resisting effect.
Preferably, in the described fish disease prevention and cure step, in the fish food, add allicin and throw something and feed.Allicin can be prevented and treated enteritis class disease.
Further, the addition of described allicin adds the 0.2g allicin for per kilogram fish food.At this moment, it is best to prevent and treat the effect of enteritis class disease.
During feed selects to throw something and feed step behind the described commentaries on classics pool, contain a certain amount of auxiliary material in the fish food of the fry of throwing something and feeding, described auxiliary material is grouped into by following one-tenth: 2 mass parts salt, 1.3 mass parts dusty yeasts, 0.2 mass parts B B-complex, 0.5 mass parts lactic acid bacteria.
Use the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication of the present invention, wild perch is cultured more than the per unit area yield 400kg/ mu, increased substantially the output of perch, effectively alleviated local and the inside and outside active demand to the high-quality perch in district, for a contribution is made in the development of Xinjiang characteristic aquatic products industry.
Embodiment
The method of the wild perch of artificial domestication is as follows:
1, cultivating condition:
The cement pit area is selected 100-200m
2, depth of water 0.6-1m annotates draining conveniently, and drainage position arranges to be prevented escaping mesh, and oxygen increasing equipment is arranged.The pond area is selected 3-5 mu, and more than the depth of water 1.2m, silt depth is no more than 20cm.Have abundant water resources, pollution-free, have and advance drainage equipment preferably.Use the quicklime medicine pool before putting in a suitable place to breed, consumption 30-50kg/ mu, each pond is equipped with one in aerator.
2, condition of water quality
Breeding water meets the water standard of national aquaculture, and perch is cultured preference temperature 0-35 ℃ of the suitableeest growth, and best growth water temperature is 18-25 ℃; Optimum pH 7.0-8.5; Dissolved oxygen content is at 5mg/L-8mg/L in the water body, and the output of perch is the highest in this scope, preferred 7mg/L.
3, fingerling is thrown in and domestication:
Threw in wild perch summer flower on May 25, specification is 2.5-3 centimetre, and throwing in density is 15000 tail/mus, and fry neat specification, physique stalwartness, anosis nothing are hindered during input.Wild perch summer flower begins and can tame in the pond, also can tame at cement pit.Present embodiment adopts and tames in the pond.
At first prepare bait: with free of contamination wild fresh small fish (based on crucian) freezing processing, the small fish after freezing is pulverized the adult fish gruel with meat grinder, the gruel of 96 mass parts fishes is mixed with 4 mass parts auxiliary materials, make bait.Wherein, auxiliary material is grouped into by following one-tenth: 2 mass parts salt, 1.3 mass parts dusty yeasts, 0.2 mass parts B B-complex, 0.5 mass parts lactic acid bacteria.Auxiliary material plays and helps digest, the effect of bactericidal antiphlogistic, can improve the resistance against diseases of fry.
Wherein, B B-complex is purchased in Beijing fishing through Bioisystech Co., Ltd;
Dusty yeast, lactic acid bacteria are purchased in the sharp next biological Engineering stock Co., Ltd of Shandong Province's Bora.
Bait and water are fully mixed thoroughly in the ratio of 1:7, carried out full pool spilling head; Select the leeward one side that faces south, pond to splash and throw something and feed after 3 days, the area of splashing will be tried one's best greatly; The area of slowly will splashing again after 3-4 days continuously is fixed on the domestication point, and the domestication of fixing a point, fixed point domestication are after 10-15 days, and fry begins come-up and robs food, and fry is tamed successfully, and this moment, the fry total length was 5-6 centimetre.Whole domestication process all adopts the mode of splashing and throwing something and feeding, and the area of at every turn splashing is big as far as possible, and the abundance of food of throwing something and feeding of at every turn splashing is 0.5 kilogram/mu, splashes every day and throws something and feeds 3 times, and the time of at every turn throwing something and feeding was at 30 minutes.Change rare putting in the pond afterwards over to, breeding density is 10000 tail/mus.The fry of throwing in is wanted neat specification, the physique stalwartness, and no wound, this is the primary material conditions that obtain high-quality high yield.The water temperature temperature difference is no more than 2 ℃ during the following pool.Operation is careful when changeing the pool, prevents that the fish body is injured.
4, feed is selected to throw something and feed behind the commentaries on classics pool:
Change that the fry total length is 5-6 centimetre behind the pool, adopt the mode of manually throwing something and feeding this moment, regularly, fixed point, quantitative principle manually throw something and feed.With meat grinder the small fish after freezing is ground into the flesh of fish, adds auxiliary material and throw something and feed, the mass ratio of the flesh of fish and auxiliary material is 96:4.Throw something and feed every day 3 times, the time of throwing something and feeding be mornings 10 point, noons 14 point, afternoons 18 point, feeding volume is the 3-5% of fish body weight.
Fry grows into total length 12-15 centimetre, when specification is 25-30 gram/tail, adopts the small fish piece (fresh or freezing wild small fish) that is cut into, and adds auxiliary material and throws something and feeds, and the mass ratio of small fish piece and auxiliary material is 96:4.Throw something and feed every day 3 times, the time of throwing something and feeding be mornings 10 point, noons 14 point, afternoons 18 point, feeding volume is 6%～7% of fish body weight, the area of must accomplishing when throwing something and feeding to splash is big.
Fry grows into 50-60 when gram, throws something and feeds every day 2 times, and the time of throwing something and feeding is points in the mornings 10, afternoons 17 point.The small fish piece that employing is cut into (fresh or freezing wild small fish) adds auxiliary material and throws something and feeds, and the mass ratio of small fish piece and auxiliary material is 96:4.It is the 8%--10% of fish body body weight that day is thrown the amount of raising.
After late September, when fish food amount obviously reduces, throw something and feed every day once, adopt the small fish piece (fresh or freezing wild small fish) that is cut into, add auxiliary material and throw something and feed, the mass ratio of small fish piece and auxiliary material is 96:4.The time of throwing something and feeding is 12 noon, and a day feeding volume is the 3%--4% of fish body body weight, till stopping eating substantially.All stage should be grasped the growing state of fry at any time, in order in time adjust bait size and feeding volume according to its actual conditions, constantly accomplishes that bait is agreeable to the taste, and feeding volume is few inferior many.
Throwing something and feeding during 2-3 centimetre of fry early stage, (the fry individuality is little for bait, schistostoma is little, can only eat the fish gruel), when fry is 5-6 centimetre, the flesh of fish of throwing something and feeding, the fish piece of throwing something and feeding more than 10 centimetres, the size of splitting according to lymphogranuloma inguinale decides the size of food, and the shortcoming of the fish gruel of throwing something and feeding for a long time is polluted water, and waste is big, the availability of food is low, strengthens cost and can not get the growth rate that agreeable to the taste bait directly influences fish simultaneously for a long time.
5, fish disease prevention and cure:
Take to rely mainly on prevention, during the broiling summer, admix allicin and throw something and feed in the fish food, per kilogram fish food is admixed the 0.2g allicin, is used in conjunction 4-5 days, in case enteritis class disease.In addition, regularly used 1g/m in per 15 days
2Bleaching powder carries out water body disinfection.Water quality keeps limpid during culturing, and transparency is 30-40 centimetre, and dissolved oxygen keeps 7 milligrams/every liter of optimum value, injects 3% new water every day toward the pond.
Use method of the present invention and raise and train perch, raise and train and the results are shown in Table 1.Table 1 is cultured the comparative trial data for perch.
As shown in Table 1, use method of the present invention and feed perch, the perch per mu yield can reach more than 400 kilograms.
Although the specific embodiment of the present invention has obtained detailed description, it will be understood to those of skill in the art that.According to disclosed all instructions, can carry out various modifications and replacement to those details, these change all within protection scope of the present invention.Four corner of the present invention is provided by claims and any equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication is characterized in that: comprise cultivating condition selection, the selection of condition of water quality, fingerling is thrown in domestication, change that feed behind the pool is selected to throw something and feed and the control of fish disease.
2. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the selection of described condition of water quality, dissolved oxygen content is 5mg/L-8mg/L in the water body.
3. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: dissolved oxygen content is 7mg/L in the described water body.
4. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described fingerling throw in domestication be wild perch summer flower is thrown in after, bait and water are fully mixed thoroughly, carry out full pool spilling head; Splash and throw something and feed in the leeward one side of selecting afterwards to face south, the area of splashing will be tried one's best greatly; And then the area of slowly will splashing is fixed on the domestication point, and through fixed point domestication in 10-15 days, fry began come-up and robs food, and fry tame successfully, and the fry total length is 5-6 centimetre at this moment; The whole domestication process bait of quantitatively throwing something and feeding.
5. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication according to claim 4 is characterized in that: put the successful fry of domestication in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is 8000-12000 tail/mu.
6. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication according to claim 5 is characterized in that: put the successful fry of domestication in a suitable place to breed, breeding density is 10000 tail/mus.
7. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described bait is to be mixed and made into 4 mass parts auxiliary materials 96 mass parts fishes are rotten; Wherein said fish is rotten, and what use is small fish after freezing, and described auxiliary material is grouped into by following one-tenth: 2 mass parts salt, 1.3 mass parts dusty yeasts, 0.2 mass parts B B-complex, 0.5 mass parts lactic acid bacteria.
8. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described fish disease prevention and cure step, add allicin and throw something and feed in the fish food.
9. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the addition of described allicin is that per kilogram fish food adds the 0.2g allicin.
10. the method for the wild perch of artificial domestication according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: feed is selected to throw something and feed in the step behind the described commentaries on classics pool, throw something and feed and contain a certain amount of auxiliary material in the fish food of fry, described auxiliary material is grouped into by following one-tenth: 2 mass parts salt, 1.3 mass parts dusty yeasts, 0.2 mass parts B B-complex, 0.5 mass parts lactic acid bacteria.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN103583425A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-02-19 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | Wild rhinogobio ventralis continental rise pond net cage domestication method |
| CN108541628A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-18 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of the hybridized snakehead fish based on pond |
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| CN103229738B (en) | 2015-10-14 |
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