CN109169427A - A kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology - Google Patents

A kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology Download PDF

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CN109169427A
CN109169427A CN201811267455.4A CN201811267455A CN109169427A CN 109169427 A CN109169427 A CN 109169427A CN 201811267455 A CN201811267455 A CN 201811267455A CN 109169427 A CN109169427 A CN 109169427A
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pond
biological flocculation
tilapia mossambica
floating bed
water
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王欣
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A01K61/13Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural methods that Tilapia mossambica is cultivated based on biological flocculation technology, biological flocculation technology is by microbiologic population to the assimilation of breeding water body inorganic nitrogen, cordate houttuynia is absorbable in floating bed, assimilates nitrogen, phosphorus and the organic matter of surplus during pond culture, to achieve the effect that purify pond water quality, the biological flocculation of formation is but also as forage protein, the secondary use for realizing bait albumen can effectively facilitate Growth Op Tilapia and improve bait utilization efficiency;In addition cordate houttuynia can provide food in the breeding process as a kind of medicinal plant for Tilapia mossambica, be conducive to the immune performance for improving fish body;The advantages of biological flocculation technology and cordate houttuynia floating bed technology are combined in the present invention, there is apparent regulating and controlling effect to pond culture water quality, promote the self-purification function of water body, while Tilapia mossambica nonspecific immunity ability can be significantly improved to a certain extent, improves Tilapia mossambica cultured output.

Description

A kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a kind of that supporting for Tilapia mossambica is cultivated based on biological flocculation technology Grow method.
Background technique
With the fast development of China's Tilapia mossambica aquaculture, aquaculture model is also more and more diversified.2012, China's Rofe The adult fish culture area of fish main producing region is about 1466.67 km2, wherein pond accounts for 83%, and reservoir accounts for 8%.Currently, pond is supported It grows and high density, high feeding rate, highly water intensive mode is mostly used to obtain high profit, this not only causes pollution and wave to water resource Take, and increase the incidence of disease, it has also become the biggest obstacle of China's pond culture sustainable development.
Biological floating bed technology is a kind of water body in-situ reparation and control technology that comparison is new.It, will using biological floating bed technology Water plant planting is in pond, by the absorption and sorption effect of plant and Species Competition restriction or checking relation in five elements mechanism, by nitrogen, phosphorus etc. in water Energy storage needed for polluter is converted to plant realizes the improvement of water environment in plant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of cultural methods that Tilapia mossambica is cultivated based on biological flocculation technology, in conjunction with biological flocculation technology With cordate houttuynia floating bed technology purifying water body, promotes Tilapia mossambica to grow up healthy and sound, improve cultured output.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology, comprising the following specific steps
(1) pond waters prepare:
Pond depth of water 1.5-2m, levels pond Gan Tang before water filling, be exposed to the sun 7-10d, and with full pool spilling head after quicklime slurrying, thorough The potential pathogen of bottom killing and harmful organisms etc., according to pond dosage per acre after water filling 3-5d, 10g Bacillus subtillis is used The activation of 1kg brown sugar, adds aeration tap water or cultivation water 15-20kg, 2-3h is impregnated after mixing, full pond is shed, and carbon is disposably added Source, nitrogen source, control carbon-nitrogen ratio are 10-15:1, and carbon source is the dense molasses solubles of phosphorus content 70%, sufficiently aeration culture biology wadding Group;
(2) floating bed constructs:
Floating bed specification is 1.0 × 2.5m2, each floating bed bottom revealed all the details with the mesh sheet of 5 × 5 cm of mesh size, and floating bed frame is 10cm wide bamboo chip is constituted, and is connected between each floating bed with iron wire, is placed in pond in " returning " font, and fish raw meat is transplanted in floating bed Grass, the water surface coverage rate for controlling floating bed is 20-30%;
(3) Tilapia mossambica is put in a suitable place to breed:
After biological flocculation preliminarily forms, select physical strong, specification uniformly, without sick and wounded, weight 15-20g Tilapia mossambica fry, It is first placed on concentration and carries out immersion 8-15min, breeding density 1000-1300 tail/mu in the saline solution of 3%-5%;
(4) feeding management:
A, water body management: at 25-32 DEG C, lasting inflation aeration maintains dissolved oxygen in 3.0mg/L for entire breeding process water temperature control More than, Bacillus subtillis bacterium solution is shed in full pond in breeding process, shed 2-3 times weekly, at the same according to feed carbon nitrogen content with And C/N >=10 in feeding volume adjustment aquaculture pond water body;
B, feedstuff feeding: seedling does not feed intake for first day after putting in a suitable place to breed, starts within second day to feed tilapia feed, daily respectively at 9:00 2 equivalent being carried out with 17:30 to feed, feeding volume accounts for the 3-5% of quality of fishes, and every 15-20d weighs 20 tail Tilapia mossambicas at random, according to Quality of fishes adjusts feeding volume.
Wherein, the active concentration of the Bacillus subtillis is 1.0 × 1011cfu/g。
Wherein, the biological flocculation cultural method specifically: abundant aeration oxygen replenishing is carried out to water body in aquaculture pond, controls water Body dissolved oxygen maintains 5mg/L-8mg/L, and temperature maintains 22 DEG C -28 DEG C, and pH maintains 6.5-8.0, continuous culture 3-6 days Afterwards, biological flocculation initially forms.
Wherein, crude protein content C/N ratio 10:1 in 30-35%, crude fibre 10-15%, feed in the tilapia feed.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
Using biological flocculation technology and cordate houttuynia floating bed technology in the present invention, biological flocculation technology is by microbiologic population to cultivation The assimilation of water body inorganic nitrogen, while cordate houttuynia is absorbable in floating bed, superfluous during assimilation pond culture nitrogen, phosphorus and having Machine object, to achieve the effect that purify pond water quality, the biological flocculation of formation realizes bait albumen but also as forage protein Secondary use can effectively facilitate Growth Op Tilapia and improve bait utilization efficiency;In addition cordate houttuynia is as a kind of medicinal plant, tool Have antibacterial, it is anti-inflammatory, antiviral, increase immunity of organisms the effects of, food can be provided in Tilapia mossambica breeding process for Tilapia mossambica, Be conducive to improve the immune performance of fish body;The advantages of biological flocculation technology and cordate houttuynia floating bed technology are combined in the present invention, to pond Pool cultivation water has apparent regulating and controlling effect, promotes the self-purification function of water body, while can significantly improve sieve to a certain extent Non- fish nonspecific immunity ability improves Tilapia mossambica cultured output.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology, comprising the following specific steps
(1) pond waters prepare:
Pond depth of water 1.8m, levels pond Gan Tang before water filling, be exposed to the sun 7d, and with full pool spilling head after quicklime slurrying, thoroughly kills Go out potential pathogen and harmful organisms etc., according to pond dosage per acre after water filling 3d, by 10g active concentration 1011Cfu/g's Bacillus subtillis is activated with 1kg brown sugar, adds aeration tap water or cultivation water 20kg, 2h is impregnated after mixing, full pond is shed, once Property addition carbon source, nitrogen source, control carbon-nitrogen ratio be 12:1, carbon source for phosphorus content 70% dense molasses solubles;
Abundant aeration oxygen replenishing is carried out to water body in aquaculture pond, control Dissolved Oxygen in Water maintains 6mg/L, and temperature maintains 26 DEG C, PH maintains 7.0, and after continuous culture 3 days, biological flocculation is initially formed.
(2) floating bed constructs:
Floating bed specification is 1.0 × 2.5m2, each floating bed bottom revealed all the details with the mesh sheet of 5 × 5 cm of mesh size, and floating bed frame is 10cm wide bamboo chip is constituted, and is connected between each floating bed with iron wire, is placed in pond in " returning " font, and fish raw meat is transplanted in floating bed Grass, the water surface coverage rate for controlling floating bed is 22%;
(3) Tilapia mossambica is put in a suitable place to breed:
After biological flocculation preliminarily forms, the Tilapia mossambica fry of physical strong, specification uniformly, without sick and wounded, weight in 18g, elder generation are selected It is placed on concentration and carries out immersion 10min, 1200 tails of breeding density/mu in 4% saline solution;
(4) feeding management:
A, water body management: at 25-32 DEG C, lasting inflation aeration maintains dissolved oxygen in 3.0mg/L for entire breeding process water temperature control More than, Bacillus subtillis bacterium solution is shed in full pond in breeding process, sheds 3 times weekly, every two days once, while according to feed carbon C/N >=10 in nitrogen content and feeding volume adjustment aquaculture pond water body;
B, feedstuff feeding: seedling does not feed intake for first day after putting in a suitable place to breed, starts within second day to feed tilapia feed, daily respectively at 9:00 It carries out 2 equivalent with 17:30 to feed, feeding volume accounts for the 3-5% of quality of fishes, and every 15d weighs 20 tail Tilapia mossambicas at random, according to fish Weight adjusts feeding volume;
Crude protein content C/N ratio 10:1 in 30%, crude fibre 12%, feed in the tilapia feed.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology, which is characterized in that comprising the following specific steps
(1) pond waters prepare:
Pond depth of water 1.5-2m, levels pond Gan Tang before water filling, be exposed to the sun 7-10d, and with full pool spilling head after quicklime slurrying, thorough The potential pathogen of bottom killing and harmful organisms etc., according to pond dosage per acre after water filling 3-5d, 10g Bacillus subtillis is used The activation of 1kg brown sugar, adds aeration tap water or cultivation water 15-20kg, 2-3h is impregnated after mixing, full pond is shed, and carbon is disposably added Source, nitrogen source, control carbon-nitrogen ratio are 10-15:1, and carbon source is the dense molasses solubles of phosphorus content 70%, sufficiently aeration culture biology wadding Group;
(2) floating bed constructs:
Floating bed specification is 1.0 × 2.5m2, each floating bed bottom revealed all the details with the mesh sheet of 5 × 5 cm of mesh size, and floating bed frame is 10cm wide bamboo chip is constituted, and is connected between each floating bed with iron wire, is placed in pond in " returning " font, and fish raw meat is transplanted in floating bed Grass, the water surface coverage rate for controlling floating bed is 20-30%;
(3) Tilapia mossambica is put in a suitable place to breed:
After biological flocculation preliminarily forms, select physical strong, specification uniformly, without sick and wounded, weight 15-20g Tilapia mossambica fry, It is first placed on concentration and carries out immersion 8-15min, breeding density 1000-1300 tail/mu in the saline solution of 3%-5%;
(4) feeding management:
A, water body management: at 25-32 DEG C, lasting inflation aeration maintains dissolved oxygen in 3.0mg/L for entire breeding process water temperature control More than, Bacillus subtillis bacterium solution is shed in full pond in breeding process, shed 2-3 times weekly, at the same according to feed carbon nitrogen content with And C/N >=10 in feeding volume adjustment aquaculture pond water body;
B, feedstuff feeding: seedling does not feed intake for first day after putting in a suitable place to breed, starts within second day to feed tilapia feed, daily respectively at 9:00 2 equivalent being carried out with 17:30 to feed, feeding volume accounts for the 3-5% of quality of fishes, and every 15-20d weighs 20 tail Tilapia mossambicas at random, according to Quality of fishes adjusts feeding volume.
2. a kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The active concentration of the Bacillus subtillis is 1.0 × 1011cfu/g。
3. a kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The biological flocculation cultural method specifically: abundant aeration oxygen replenishing is carried out to water body in aquaculture pond, control Dissolved Oxygen in Water maintains In 5mg/L-8mg/L, temperature maintains 22 DEG C -28 DEG C, and pH maintains 6.5-8.0, and after continuous culture 3-6 days, biological flocculation is opened Begin to be formed.
4. a kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Crude protein content C/N ratio 10:1 in 30-35%, crude fibre 10-15%, feed in the tilapia feed.
CN201811267455.4A 2018-10-29 2018-10-29 A kind of cultural method for cultivating Tilapia mossambica based on biological flocculation technology Pending CN109169427A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110292001A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-10-01 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 A kind of cultural method improving Tilapia mossambica immunity
CN112167120A (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-01-05 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 Breeding method for improving intestinal immunity of tilapia
CN112429852A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-02 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 Floating bed plant for degrading methomyl in water body
CN113940297A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-01-18 上海海洋大学 Method for cultivating young fry in biological floc-circulating water relay mode
CN115413610A (en) * 2022-10-18 2022-12-02 上海海洋大学 Aquaculture method combining duckweed with biological flocs

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110292001A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-10-01 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 A kind of cultural method improving Tilapia mossambica immunity
CN112167120A (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-01-05 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 Breeding method for improving intestinal immunity of tilapia
CN112429852A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-02 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 Floating bed plant for degrading methomyl in water body
CN113940297A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-01-18 上海海洋大学 Method for cultivating young fry in biological floc-circulating water relay mode
CN115413610A (en) * 2022-10-18 2022-12-02 上海海洋大学 Aquaculture method combining duckweed with biological flocs

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Application publication date: 20190111