CN108207722A - Freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method - Google Patents
Freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108207722A CN108207722A CN201611159373.9A CN201611159373A CN108207722A CN 108207722 A CN108207722 A CN 108207722A CN 201611159373 A CN201611159373 A CN 201611159373A CN 108207722 A CN108207722 A CN 108207722A
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- breed
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- cray
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention relates to aquifer cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method；Include the following steps：(1) aquaculture pond selects：Pond area is advisable with 4~10 mu, and 1~1.5 meter deep, slope is than 1: (1.5~2.5) with plastic film or calcium-plastic board, anti-escape network is impaled along pond ridge surrounding with bamboo stake or timber support；(2) aquaculture pond pre-treatment：Shrimp seedling shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed first 20~30 days, drain water, remove excessive mud, rebuild Chi Geng, thoroughly pond is cleared and sterilized for progress；(3) base manure is used sufficient：Fertilizer is embedded in mud, it is 15~20 centimetres to bury fertile depth；Using the freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method of technical solution of the present invention, by the scientific culture method to cray, the yield of cray can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquifer cultivation technical field, more particularly to a kind of freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecologic breeding side
Method.
Background technology
The nutrition of cray is it is well known that cray cultivation at present is grown rapidly in China, and cray is in developmental process
In, cray easily catches, while often bites between each other, and causing the yield of cray can not effectively be carried
Height, while reduce economic benefit.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects, provides a kind of freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy life
State cultural method by the scientific culture method to cray, can greatly improve the yield of cray.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method, wherein,
Include the following steps：(1) aquaculture pond selects：Pond area is advisable with 4~10 mu, and 1~1.5 meter deep, slope is than 1: (1.5~2.5),
With plastic film or calcium-plastic board, anti-escape network is impaled with bamboo stake or timber support along pond ridge surrounding；(2) aquaculture pond pre-treatment：Shrimp seedling
Shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed first 20~30 days, drain water, remove excessive mud, rebuild Chi Geng, thoroughly pond is cleared and sterilized for progress；(3) base is used sufficient
Fertilizer：Fertilizer is embedded in mud, it is 15~20 centimetres to bury fertile depth；(4) water plant has been planted：Water is planted in the aquaculture pond
Algae forms 60% of area coverage more than entire cultivation pool area for beneficial to algae phase, forming algae, meanwhile, it sets up as cray
Offer is inhabited, the sheltered situation of shell；(5) shrimp seedling shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed：Select not band pathogen, strong without dipping, disease resistance
Cray seedling, launch in water body, put ten thousand tail crays of 1.5-4 in a suitable place to breed per acre；(6) feed and final-period management are launched：It feeds
Feed wants every morning, afternoon each primary, with afternoon it is primary based on, account for the 70% of whole day feeding volume, take and determine matter, quantitative, fixed
When feeding method, feed foot feed it is even；Shrimp ponds dissolved oxygen amount is kept more than 5 mg/litres, pH value 7~8.5,40 centimetres of transparency, often
A water is changed within 15~20 days, changes water 1/3 every time；Lime water is spilled once within every 20 days, 10 kilograms of quick lime of each mu is kept
Stable level；Reinforcement inhabit shell site management, more water plant has been remained in shrimp ponds, after shell immediately increase feed it is high-quality
Agreeable to the taste feed.
Preferably, in step (1), the height of anti-escape netting fence is 60 centimetres, wherein, in 20 centimetres of embedment mud, with bamboo stake
It is fixed, 1.2~1.5 meters of pilespacing.
Preferably, in step (2), carry out thoroughly that drug is quick lime or bleaching powder, bleaching powder used by pond is cleared and sterilized.
Preferably, in step (3), dose should be controlled at 100~300,000 grams/acre, and using biological organic fertilizer.
Preferably, in step (4), the sheltered situation is built using mesh sheet, thick bamboo tube or plastic barrel.
Preferably, it in step (5), launches cray to pond and uses summer stocking model：To put the mat woven of fine bamboo strips of current year hatching in a suitable place to breed
Based on the young shrimp of a batch, the time is put in a suitable place to breed in mid or late July, young shrimp specification is 0.8 centimetre or more, puts cray 30,000~40,000 in a suitable place to breed per acre
Tail, summer puts selection fine day morning in a suitable place to breed or rainy days carries out, and avoids exposure in sunshine.
Preferably, it in step (5), launches cray to pond and uses autumn stocking model：To put the big of current year cultivation in a suitable place to breed
Based on specification shrimp seedling or shrimp species, the time is put in a suitable place to breed as mid-August to September, 1.2 centimetres of shrimp seedling specification, put cray 2.5 in a suitable place to breed per acre
Ten thousand~30,000 tails；2.5~3 centimetres of shrimp species specification, put 1.5 ten thousand~20,000 tails in a suitable place to breed per acre, autumn puts selection fine day morning or the moon in a suitable place to breed
Rainy day carries out, and avoids exposure in sunshine.
Preferably, it in step (5), launches cray to pond and uses Winter-Spring stocking model：In December or next year 3-4
Month put cray in a suitable place to breed, do not met based on listing specification shrimp with putting current year in a suitable place to breed, specification for 100~200 tails/kilogram, put in a suitable place to breed per acre small
The tail of lobster 1.5 ten thousand~20,000, winter put the selection fine day morning in a suitable place to breed and carry out.
Preferably, shrimp species are washed 10 minutes before putting in a suitable place to breed with 3%~5% salt water-bath, kill parasite and pathogenic bacteria；From other places
The shrimp species bought should will be impregnated 1 minute in shrimp species pool water within before putting in a suitable place to breed, lift and shelve 2~3 minutes, then impregnate 1 minute, so
2~3 times repeatedly, allow shrimp species body surface and the gill cavity suction moisture after put in a suitable place to breed again；Some silver carp bigheads of pond polyculture, to improve water quality, fill
Divide and utilize food resource.
Using the freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method of above-mentioned technical proposal, there are following advantages：The present invention
Dispensing, forage feed, the management in later stage by processing to aquaculture pond, the plantation of algae, training water and cray seedling etc.
Reasonable setting so that the oxygen content of water body has been effectively ensured in cray seedling in developmental process, establishes benign ecology
Environment, while the probability of cray infectious disease is effectively reduced, the survival rate of cray is improved, and then improve economic effect
Benefit.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiment：
The present invention provides a kind of freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method, wherein, include the following steps：(1)
Aquaculture pond selects：Pond area is advisable with 4~10 mu, and deep 1~1.5 meter, slope is than 1: (1.5~2.5), cray escape capability compared with
By force, it is necessary to do escaping-preventing facilities construction well.Usually with plastic film or calcium-plastic board, impaled along pond ridge surrounding with bamboo stake or timber support
With plastic film or calcium-plastic board, anti-escape network, the height of anti-escape netting fence are impaled along pond ridge surrounding with bamboo stake or timber support for anti-escape network
It is 60 centimetres to spend, wherein, fixed with bamboo stake in 20 centimetres of embedment mud, 1.2~1.5 meters of pilespacing；(2) aquaculture pond pre-treatment：Shrimp seedling
Shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed first 20~30 days, drain water, remove excessive mud, rebuild Chi Geng, and thoroughly pond is cleared and sterilized for progress, carries out thoroughly clear
Drug is quick lime or bleaching powder, bleaching powder used by pond sterilizes；(3) base manure is used sufficient：Appropriateness rich water can promote algae and
First the breeding of zooplankter can play the role of stabilizing water quality, second planktonic organism can be conducive to promote as the bait of shrimp seedling
Into the growth of shrimp seedling.But fertilising easily ruins water quality it should be noted that method and dosage if organic fertilizer of directly splashing into water,
And cause shrimp seedling anoxic and death.Fertilizer is embedded in mud, it is 15~20 centimetres to bury fertile depth, can both reach above-mentioned mesh in this way
, and can be polluted to avoid to water body.The dosage of fertilizer should be few depending on bottom material of pond for breeding fertility, if mud is thicker
Apply or do not apply, if mud it is less or for the pond newly excavated if should apply more, dose should be controlled at 100~300,000 grams/acre, and
It is preferred with biological organic fertilizer, chicken manure, pig manure or cow dung are taken second place；(4) water plant has been planted：Water is planted in the aquaculture pond
Algae forms and beneficial to algae phase, forms the area coverage of algae and be more than the 60% of entire cultivation pool area, and abundant water plant not only can be with
As the feed of cray, and it can climb and inhabit for cray, while hidden and optimization ecology effect can also be played,
Water plant type has the water plants such as hydrilla verticillata, eel grass, water chestnut grass, water hyacinth, water peanut, waterweed, meanwhile, set up mesh sheet or
Thick bamboo tube, plastic barrel etc. are set, provided for cray inhabit, shell, sheltered situation；(5) shrimp seedling shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed：Select not band cause of disease
Bacterium, without the strong cray seedling of dipping, disease resistance, launch in water body, put ten thousand tail crays of 1.5-4 in a suitable place to breed per acre；(6)
Launch feed and final-period management：Feeding feed wants every morning, afternoon each primary, with afternoon it is primary based on, account for whole day feeding volume
70%, take and determine matter, quantitative, timing feeding method, feed foot feed it is even；Shrimp ponds dissolved oxygen amount is kept more than 5 mg/litres, pH
Value 7~8.5,40 centimetres of transparency change a water in every 15~20 days, change water 1/3 every time；It spilled once lime water within every 20 days,
Each 10 kilograms of quick lime of mu, keeps stable level；Shell site management is inhabited in reinforcement, and more water has been remained in shrimp ponds
Plant after shell increases and feeds high-quality agreeable to the taste feed immediately.
Preferably, it in step (5), launches cray to pond and uses summer stocking model：To put the mat woven of fine bamboo strips of current year hatching in a suitable place to breed
Based on the young shrimp of a batch, the time is put in a suitable place to breed in mid or late July, young shrimp specification is 0.8 centimetre or more, puts cray 30,000~40,000 in a suitable place to breed per acre
Tail, summer puts selection fine day morning in a suitable place to breed or rainy days carries out, and avoids exposure in sunshine.
Preferably, it in step (5), launches cray to pond and uses autumn stocking model：To put the big of current year cultivation in a suitable place to breed
Based on specification shrimp seedling or shrimp species, the time is put in a suitable place to breed as mid-August to September, 1.2 centimetres of shrimp seedling specification, put cray 2.5 in a suitable place to breed per acre
Ten thousand~30,000 tails；2.5~3 centimetres of shrimp species specification, put 1.5 ten thousand~20,000 tails in a suitable place to breed per acre, autumn puts selection fine day morning or the moon in a suitable place to breed
Rainy day carries out, and avoids exposure in sunshine.
Preferably, it in step (5), launches cray to pond and uses Winter-Spring stocking model：In December or next year 3-4
Month put cray in a suitable place to breed, do not met based on listing specification shrimp with putting current year in a suitable place to breed, specification for 100~200 tails/kilogram, put in a suitable place to breed per acre small
The tail of lobster 1.5 ten thousand~20,000, winter put the selection fine day morning in a suitable place to breed and carry out.
Preferably, shrimp species are washed 10 minutes before putting in a suitable place to breed with 3%~5% salt water-bath, kill parasite and pathogenic bacteria；From other places
The shrimp species bought should will be impregnated 1 minute in shrimp species pool water within before putting in a suitable place to breed, lift and shelve 2~3 minutes, then impregnate 1 minute, so
2~3 times repeatedly, allow shrimp species body surface and the gill cavity suction moisture after put in a suitable place to breed again；Some silver carp bigheads of pond polyculture, to improve water quality, fill
Divide and utilize food resource.
Fry quality requires：Neat specification.Young shrimp specification is at 0.8 centimetre or more, and shrimp species specification is at 3 centimetres.Same pond
The shrimp seedling shrimp species specification that the pool is put in a suitable place to breed unanimously once will put foot；It is physical strong, appendage is complete, disease-free and injury-free, vitality is strong；Shrimp seedling
Shrimp species are all artificial cultures.If wild shrimp species, should again be put in a suitable place to breed after raising and train after a period of time, in order to avoid cut one another's throat.
Science is fed：Cray feeding habits are miscellaneous, and more voracious.It is held on feedstuff feeding 3 points following：
1. are done well by the combination of feed and is fed for the needs of nutrition according to the cray stage of development.The young shrimp of cray, juvenile prawn
Stage, with wheel animalcule, cladocera, Copepods and aquatic insect young etc. for food, into the shrimp stage then and food animal fodder, plant
Property feed.After shrimp seedling, shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, fertilizer is imposed in due course, water quality of increasing fertilizer.It is more in cray rapid growth stage in 8-October
Wheat bran, soya-bean cake and green forage are fed, suitably feeds animal fodder.11-December cray it is overwintering before, to feed animality
Based on feed.
2. the life habit of cray and the feature of ingesting are fed.Cray mostly look for food at night by activity, and has and strive food, covets
Eat habit.Feeding feed will adhere to that every morning, afternoon are each primary, with afternoon it is primary based on, account for the 70% of whole day feeding volume.It adopts
It takes and determines matter, quantitative, timing feeding method, feed foot and feed even, ensure that every shrimp all has enough, avoid mutually striving food.
3. weather, change of water quality and shrimp activity are ingested, situation is rationally fed.The suitable water temperature of cray growth is 20~32
℃.8-October cray food ration it is big, day feeding volume can be arranged by the 6%~10% of pond shrimp weight, dry feed or cooperation
Feed is planned as a whole by 2%~4%, and is suitably increased and decreased according to weather, water quality condition and shrimp activity situation of looking for food.Continuous rainy weather
Or water quality overrich, it can feed less, it is suitably when weather is fine to feed more.It is fed less during large quantities of shrimp shells, it is after shell to feed more.Shrimp
Morbidity season is fed less, is fed when growing normal more.Shrimp should be allowed to have enough, reduce waste again, improve efficiency of feed utilization.
Above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, not
Under the premise of being detached from structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, these should also be considered as the protection model of the present invention
It encloses, these all do not interfere with the effect and practical applicability that the present invention is implemented.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：(1) aquaculture pond
Selection：Pond area is advisable with 4~10 mu, and 1~1.5 meter deep, slope is than 1: (1.5~2.5), with plastic film or calcium-plastic board, edge
Pond ridge surrounding impales anti-escape network with bamboo stake or timber support；(2) aquaculture pond pre-treatment：Shrimp seedling shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed first 20~30 days, row
Dry water removes excessive mud, rebuilds Chi Geng, thoroughly pond is cleared and sterilized for progress；(3) base manure is used sufficient：Fertilizer is embedded in mud, buries fertilizer
Depth is 15~20 centimetres；(4) water plant has been planted：Algae is planted in the aquaculture pond, is formed beneficial to algae phase, forms water
The area coverage of algae is more than the 60% of entire cultivation pool area, meanwhile, set up provided for cray inhabit, the hidden field of shell
Institute；(5) shrimp seedling shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed：It selects not with pathogen, without the strong cray seedling of dipping, disease resistance, launches to water
In body, ten thousand tail crays of 1.5-4 are put in a suitable place to breed per acre；(6) feed and final-period management are launched：Feeding feed wants every morning, afternoon each
Once, with afternoon it is primary based on, account for the 70% of whole day feeding volume, take and determine matter, quantitative, timing feeding method, feed foot feed it is even；
Keeping shrimp ponds dissolved oxygen amount, pH value 7~8.5,40 centimetres of transparency changes a water in every 15~20 days, every time more than 5 mg/litres
Change water 1/3；Lime water is spilled once within every 20 days, 10 kilograms of quick lime of each mu keeps stable level；Shell is inhabited in reinforcement
Site management has remained more water plant in shrimp ponds, increases immediately after shell and feeds high-quality agreeable to the taste feed.
2. freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1)
In, the height of anti-escape netting fence is 60 centimetres, wherein, fixed with bamboo stake in 20 centimetres of embedment mud, 1.2~1.5 meters of pilespacing.
3. freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2)
In, carry out thoroughly that drug is quick lime or bleaching powder, bleaching powder used by pond is cleared and sterilized.
4. freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3)
In, dose should be controlled at 100~300,000 grams/acre, and using biological organic fertilizer.
5. freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4)
In, the sheltered situation is built using mesh sheet, thick bamboo tube or plastic barrel.
6. freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5)
In, it launches cray to pond and uses summer stocking model：To put in a suitable place to breed based on the young shrimp of mat woven of fine bamboo strips a batch of current year hatching, putting the time in a suitable place to breed exists
Mid or late July, young shrimp specification are 0.8 centimetre or more, put the tail of cray 30,000~40,000 in a suitable place to breed per acre, and summer puts selection fine day morning in a suitable place to breed
Or rainy days carries out, and avoids exposure in sunshine.
7. freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5)
In, it launches cray to pond and uses autumn stocking model：With put in a suitable place to breed current year cultivate big specification shrimp seedling or shrimp species based on, put in a suitable place to breed
Time is mid-August to September, 1.2 centimetres of shrimp seedling specification, puts the tail of cray 2.5 ten thousand~30,000 in a suitable place to breed per acre；Shrimp species specification 2.5~
3 centimetres, put 1.5 ten thousand~20,000 tails in a suitable place to breed per acre, autumn puts selection fine day morning in a suitable place to breed or rainy days carries out, and avoids exposure in sunshine.
8. freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5)
In, it launches cray to pond and uses Winter-Spring stocking model：Cray is put in a suitable place to breed in December or 3-April of next year, to put current year in a suitable place to breed
Do not meet based on listing specification shrimp, specification for 100~200 tails/kilogram, put the tail of cray 1.5 ten thousand~20,000 in a suitable place to breed per acre, winter puts
Support selection fine day morning progress.
9. the freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method according to any one of claim 6-8, feature exist
In shrimp species are washed 10 minutes before putting in a suitable place to breed with 3%~5% salt water-bath, kill parasite and pathogenic bacteria；The shrimp species bought from other places,
It should will be impregnated 1 minute in shrimp species pool water within before putting in a suitable place to breed, lift and shelve 2~3 minutes, then impregnate 1 minute, so repeatedly 2~3 times,
Allow shrimp species body surface and the gill cavity suction moisture after put in a suitable place to breed again；Some silver carp bigheads of pond polyculture, to improve water quality, make full use of bait to provide
Source.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611159373.9A CN108207722A (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | Freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method |
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| CN201611159373.9A CN108207722A (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | Freshwater crayfish pollution-free healthy ecological cultivation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109006609A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-18 | 黎建波 | A kind of high-quality three-dimensional interaction breeding method of cray ecology |
| CN110810291A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Breeding method for mixed culture of golden lobsters and sea grapes |
| CN115589972A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-13 | 南京市水产科学研究所（Cn） | Snail river crab relay ecological breeding method based on pond transformation |
-
2016
- 2016-12-15 CN CN201611159373.9A patent/CN108207722A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109006609A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-18 | 黎建波 | A kind of high-quality three-dimensional interaction breeding method of cray ecology |
| CN110810291A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Breeding method for mixed culture of golden lobsters and sea grapes |
| CN110810291B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-02-19 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Breeding method for mixed culture of golden lobsters and sea grapes |
| CN115589972A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-13 | 南京市水产科学研究所（Cn） | Snail river crab relay ecological breeding method based on pond transformation |
| CN115589972B (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-10-20 | 南京市水产科学研究所 | Snail river crab relay ecological breeding method based on pond transformation |
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