CN108990845A - A kind of domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori - Google Patents
A kind of domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori Download PDFInfo
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- CN108990845A CN108990845A CN201810904894.5A CN201810904894A CN108990845A CN 108990845 A CN108990845 A CN 108990845A CN 201810904894 A CN201810904894 A CN 201810904894A CN 108990845 A CN108990845 A CN 108990845A
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- lampetra mori
- lampetra
- mori
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- wild
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- 241000721664 Lampetra Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238571 Cladocera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000595940 Notostraca Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000258957 Asteroidea Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001405332 Ophiocephalus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of domesticating and cultivating methods of wild Lampetra mori, including selection, the acquisition of wild Lampetra mori, domestication, breeding to the domestication water surface.It overcomes current Lampetra mori wild resource increasingly to reduce, the defect for not breaking through the technology that wild Lampetra mori tame large area artificial breeding in turn also.The present invention by being tamed to wild Lampetra mori, can tame and select high-quality, high yield, stable yields, premunition it is strong, convenient for artificial breeding and transport, and be suitble to the Lampetra mori parent of China's breeding environment.Survival rate 15% can be improved when forming, improve 20% or more yield for Lampetra mori parent after domestication, the seed bred out, greatly reduced aquaculture cost.This meets the market demand, improves the income of fishman, there is very important meaning for protecting national resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish culture technical field, in particular to a kind of domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori.
Background technique
Lampetra mori also known as moon murrel, mountain flower fish, mountain spot fish etc. are murrel section Ophiocephalus fish.Lampetra mori is common artificial breeding
Kind has both edible value, medical value and economic value, has very high cultivation to be worth, has attracted many aquaculture families
Cultivation.
But in the prior art, generally require to introduce wild Lampetra mori since inbreeding causes raising to lead to the problem of
Domesticating and cultivating is carried out, the gene pool of the shoal of fish is enriched, inbreeding bring is avoided to endanger, improves productivity effect.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of growths fastly, high survival rate, disease resistance is strong, yield is high, is convenient for
A kind of domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori of artificial breeding and good stress resistance.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that a kind of domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori.
Specifically includes the following steps:
A. the selection of the water surface: net cage and pond is tamed;Net cage: being set in the water body of depth of water 3m or more, there is miniflow water flow
Speed is 0.05~0.2m/s, and the length × width × height of the size of net cage is (7~20m) × (4~15m) × (2~5m), is put into case
Fresh water plant, 1~5kg/ square metres of dosage;Pond condition are as follows: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and pond is rectangle, and 300~5000 squares of area
Rice, the deep 1.5~3.0m in pond, bottom of pond water plant area is the 5~20% of the gross area, 50~100cm of transparency, 5~12mg/ of dissolved oxygen amount
L;
B. wild Lampetra mori acquisition: selection turn of autumn and winter i.e. 10~December and non-early summer, that is, late March~the first tenday period of a month in May in spring from
Wild Lampetra mori is caught in the rivers of lake, the adult fish or juvenile fish obtained are put into mounted net cage through water temperature adaptation, net cage
Throw-in density be 1~15 tail/square metre;
C. domestication: (1) Lampetra mori is raised and train in net cage: 1~7 day after Lampetra mori is put into case, putting into specification in 1cm
Water flea below, the foodstuff of fairy shrimp, water earthworm class as Lampetra mori, feeding volume are the 3~8% of Lampetra mori weight;Then stop eating
2~4 days, the fish block and Lampetra mori conventional manual's mixed feed each 50% of chopping are fed, daily feeding volume is the 1 of Lampetra mori weight
~4%, day throws 2~3 times, periodically feeds, and after one month, selects physical strong, disease-free and injury-free Lampetra mori, is transferred to pond
The pool;(2) pond is raised and train: before Lampetra mori is transferred to the pond 7 days, being first put into as with tame and docile bighead, specification is 0.1~1.0kg/
Tail, stocking rate be 0.1~1 tail/square metre, place into specification be 0.1~0.5kg/ tail 0.1~1 tail of silver carp/square metre, carp
0.1~0.5 tail of fish/square metre, 0.1~0.5 tail of crucian/square metre, as intercropping, protect water quality;Lampetra mori, seven-star are launched again
Fish throw-in density be 0.1~3 tail/square metre, into 20 days behind pond, feed chopping fish block and Lampetra mori conventional manual cooperation
Feed each 50%, then only feeds Lampetra mori conventional manual's mixed feed after 20 days, daily feeding volume be Lampetra mori weight 2~
4%, day throws 2~3 times, and timing, fixed point feed, and pay attention to oxygenation, keeps the dissolved oxygen in water body in 5~12mg/L;
D. breeding: breeding early period, manually feed fish block and man-made feeds annual March, wait reach maturity with
Afterwards, morphologic criteria, energetic, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free, the fish of 15% or more weight size average weight in fish of the same age are selected
Alternately parent population, for breeding offspring;The fry hatched eats with regard to carrying out artificial tame and docile growing to 3cm or so, feeds artificial bait
Material, daily feeding volume are the 1~5% of fish weight, are thrown 2~3 times daily;
Specific practice:
1. each independent induced spawning hatching of tail raun, sex ration is (1~2): (3~1);
2. starting to select egg laying amount is big, hatching rate is high individual alternately parent population again since oviposition;
3. from oviposition to nursery, forming, the offspring of each tail raun is separately raised, and establishes its family;
4. being carried out preferably, preferably in the critical period young stage of growth, adult fish phase, maturity period, egg-laying season four-stage
Method carries out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminates the family that the speed of growth is slow, survival rate is low, and the family being left behind is as next-generation choosing
The basic family educated carries out artificial propagation hatching;The selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 1~5%, 5~10%, 10~
20%, 20~50%;
5. repeat it is above-mentioned 1.~4. step, selected for 2~7 generations.
Preferably, the temperature of water is 22-30 ° in the net cage and pond.
Preferably, the net cage is equipped with sunshade net, kind water hyacinth is implanted in the pond, to shade.
The present invention has the advantage that Lampetra mori delicious meat, nutritive value is high, is welcomed by consumers, it is supported
It is very wide to grow development prospect.Lampetra mori wild resource is increasingly reduced, and tame to wild Lampetra mori and then be propagated artificially, right
In protecting national resource, meet the market demand, improve the income of fishman, there is very important meaning.Using above-mentioned skill
Art scheme, due to by being tamed to Lampetra mori, tame and select high-quality, high yield, stable yields, premunition it is strong, convenient for artificial
Cultivation and transport, and it is suitble to the Lampetra mori parent of China's breeding environment.So that the Lampetra mori parent after domestication, the seed bred out
Survival rate 15% can be improved when forming, improve 20% or more yield, greatly reduced aquaculture cost, improve macroeconomy warp
Benefit of helping is up to 25% or more.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained below.It should be noted that for these implementations
The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but and does not constitute a limitation of the invention.In addition, invention described below
Technical characteristic involved in each embodiment can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Embodiment 1:
1, the selection of the water surface: net cage and pond is tamed.Net cage: being set to depth of water 3m or more, and miniflow water flow velocity 0.05~
In the water body of 0.2m/s, the size (length × width × height) of net cage is 12m × 8m × 3m, is put into fresh water plant, dosage 2kg/ in case
Square metre.Pond condition are as follows: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and pond is rectangle, and 500 square metres of area, pond depth 1.8m, bottom of pond water plant area is about
The 8% of the gross area, transparency 60cm, dissolved oxygen amount 6mg/L.
2, it wild Lampetra mori acquisition: is typically chosen and catches wild seven-star from the rivers of lake turn of autumn and winter i.e. 10~December
Fish, the adult fish or juvenile fish obtained through water temperature adaptation be put into mounted net cage, net cage throw-in density be 5 tails/square metre.
3, domestication: (1) Lampetra mori is raised and train in net cage: before 5 days, being first put into the bighead 4 of specification 0.5kg/ tail in the case
Tail/and square metre as with taming and dociling, 1~7 day after Lampetra mori is put into case, investment specification is made in 10cm fresh and alive small fish below or shrimps
For the foodstuff of Lampetra mori, feeding volume is the 3~8% of Lampetra mori weight;Then stop eating 2 days, fish block and the Lampetra mori for feeding chopping are normal
Artifical compound feed each 50% is advised, daily feeding volume is the 1~4% of Lampetra mori weight, day throws 2~3 times, periodically feeds.One
After month, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free Lampetra mori is selected, pond is transferred to.(2) pond is raised and train: being transferred to the pond 7 in Lampetra mori
Before it, be first put into as with tame and docile bighead, specification is 0.8kg/ tail, stocking rate be 0.5 tail/square metre, placing into specification is
0.3 tail of silver carp of 0.1kg/ tail/square metre, 0.2 tail of carp/square metre, 0.3 tail of crucian/square metre, as intercropping, protect water
Matter.Launch Lampetra mori again, Lampetra mori throw-in density be 3 tails/square metre.Into in 20 days behind pond, the fish block and seven of chopping is fed
Star fish conventional manual's mixed feed each 50% then only feeds Lampetra mori conventional manual's mixed feed, daily feeding volume after 20 days
It is the 2~4% of Lampetra mori weight, day throws 2~3 times, and timing, fixed point are fed.And pay attention to oxygenation, keep the dissolved oxygen in water body in 7mg/
L。
4, it breeding: in breeding early period, in annual March, manually feeds and cuts minced-fish and man-made feeds, wait develop into
After ripe, select morphologic criteria, energetic, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free, in fish of the same age weight size average weight 15% with
On fish alternately parent population, for breeding offspring.The fry hatched eats with regard to carrying out artificial tame and docile growing to 3cm or so, feeds
Artitificial food.Daily feeding volume is the 1~5% of fish weight, is thrown 2~3 times daily.
Specific practice:
1. each independent induced spawning hatching of tail raun, sex ration 1: 2.
2. starting to select egg laying amount is big, hatching rate is high individual alternately parent again since oviposition.
3. from oviposition to nursery, forming, the offspring of each tail raun is separately raised, and establishes its family.
4. it is carried out preferably in the critical period young stage of growth, adult fish phase, maturity period, egg-laying season four-stage, preferential
Method carries out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminates the family that the speed of growth is slow, survival rate is low, and the family being left behind is as next-generation choosing
The basic family educated;Carry out artificial propagation hatching.The selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 2%, 6%, 12%, 25%.
5. repeat it is above-mentioned 1.~4. step, selected for 2~7 generations.
In specific implementation process, the temperature of water is 22-30 ° in the net cage and pond.
In specific implementation process, the net cage is equipped with sunshade net, kind water hyacinth is implanted in the pond, to shade.
Above the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiments.It is right
For those skilled in the art, in the case where not departing from the principle of the invention and spirit, these embodiments are carried out more
Kind change, modification, replacement and modification, still fall in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
A. the selection of the water surface: net cage and pond is tamed;Net cage: being set in the water body of depth of water 3m or more, has the miniflow water flow velocity to be
0.05~0.2m/s, the length × width × height of the size of net cage are (7~20m) × (4~15m) × (2~5m), are put into case fresh
Water plant, 1~5kg/ square metres of dosage;Pond condition are as follows: irrigation and drainage are convenient, and pond is rectangle, and 300~5000 square metres of area, pond
Deep 1.5~3.0m, bottom of pond water plant area are the 5~20% of the gross area, 50~100cm of transparency, 5~12mg/L of dissolved oxygen amount;
B. wild Lampetra mori acquisition: select turn of autumn and winter i.e. 10~December and non-early summer, that is, late March~the first tenday period of a month in May in spring from lake
Wild Lampetra mori is caught in rivers, the adult fish or juvenile fish obtained are put into mounted net cage through water temperature adaptation, and net cage is launched
Density be 1~15 tail/square metre;
C. domestication: (1) Lampetra mori is raised and train in net cage: 1~7 day after Lampetra mori is put into case, investment specification is below in 1cm
The foodstuff of water flea, fairy shrimp, water earthworm class as Lampetra mori, feeding volume are the 3~8% of Lampetra mori weight;Then stop eating 2~4 days,
The fish block and Lampetra mori conventional manual's mixed feed each 50% of chopping are fed, daily feeding volume is the 1~4% of Lampetra mori weight,
Day throws 2~3 times, periodically feeds, and after one month, selects physical strong, disease-free and injury-free Lampetra mori, is transferred to pond;(2) pond
It raises and train on the pool: before Lampetra mori is transferred to the pond 7 days, being first put into as with tame and docile bighead, specification is 0.1~1.0kg/ tail, is put in a suitable place to breed
Amount be 0.1~1 tail/square metre, place into specification be 0.1~0.5kg/ tail 0.1~1 tail of silver carp/square metre, carp 0.1~
0.5 tail/square metre, 0.1~0.5 tail of crucian/square metre, as intercropping, protect water quality;Lampetra mori is launched again, and Lampetra mori is launched
Density be 0.1~3 tail/square metre, into 20 days behind pond, fish block and the Lampetra mori conventional manual's mixed feed for feeding chopping are each
Lampetra mori conventional manual's mixed feed is then only fed after 50%, 20 days, daily feeding volume is the 2~4% of Lampetra mori weight, is thrown day
2~3 times, timing, fixed point feed, and pay attention to oxygenation, keep the dissolved oxygen in water body in 5~12mg/L;
D. breeding: in breeding early period, manually feeding fish block and man-made feeds annual March, after reaching maturity,
Select morphologic criteria, energetic, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free, the fish work of 15% or more weight size average weight in fish of the same age
For alternative parent population, for breeding offspring;The fry hatched eats with regard to carrying out artificial tame and docile growing to 3cm or so, feeds artificial bait
Material, daily feeding volume are the 1~5% of fish weight, are thrown 2~3 times daily;
Specific practice:
1. each independent induced spawning hatching of tail raun, sex ration is (1~2): (3~1);
2. starting to select egg laying amount is big, hatching rate is high individual alternately parent population again since oviposition;
3. from oviposition to nursery, forming, the offspring of each tail raun is separately raised, and establishes its family;
4. being carried out preferably in the critical period young stage of growth, adult fish phase, maturity period, egg-laying season four-stage, preferred method
It carries out according to a conventional method, constantly eliminates the family that the speed of growth is slow, survival rate is low, the family being left behind is as next-generation breeding
Basic family carries out artificial propagation hatching;The selection intensity of this four-stage is respectively 1~5%, 5~10%, 10~20%,
20~50%;
5. repeat it is above-mentioned 1.~4. step, selected for 2~7 generations.
2. the domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the net cage and pond
The temperature of water is 22-30 °.
3. the domesticating and cultivating method of wild Lampetra mori according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the net cage, which is equipped with, to be hidden
Screened postive kind is implanted with water hyacinth in the pond, to shade.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112568152A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-30 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for polyculture of snakehead, silver carp and bighead carp |
Citations (4)
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GB1361616A (en) * | 1971-01-28 | 1974-07-30 | Unilever Ltd | Rearing of fish |
CN101642069A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2010-02-10 | 大湖水殖股份有限公司 | Domesticating method for wild Spanish mackerels |
CN205962352U (en) * | 2016-07-10 | 2017-02-22 | 龙南源头活水生态科技有限责任公司 | Moon murrel breed mire |
CN107683799A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-13 | 贵州省龙滩口农牧开发有限责任公司 | The cultural method of Lampetra mori |
-
2018
- 2018-08-09 CN CN201810904894.5A patent/CN108990845A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1361616A (en) * | 1971-01-28 | 1974-07-30 | Unilever Ltd | Rearing of fish |
CN101642069A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2010-02-10 | 大湖水殖股份有限公司 | Domesticating method for wild Spanish mackerels |
CN205962352U (en) * | 2016-07-10 | 2017-02-22 | 龙南源头活水生态科技有限责任公司 | Moon murrel breed mire |
CN107683799A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-13 | 贵州省龙滩口农牧开发有限责任公司 | The cultural method of Lampetra mori |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
王玉堂: "《引进水产良种高产高效养殖技术》", 31 July 1999, 中国农业出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112568152A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-30 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for polyculture of snakehead, silver carp and bighead carp |
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