CN101632435A - Solid-state food made of vegetables and making method and purpose thereof - Google Patents
Solid-state food made of vegetables and making method and purpose thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solid-state food or a food substitute mainly made of vegetables and a making method and purpose thereof. The solid-state food is made of vegetables, dietary fibers, defecation and constipation-easing substances, proteins, vitamins, mineral materials, food additives, flavoring agents, adhesives, and the like, and can be made into varieties of eatable forms for eating. The solid-state can effectively prevent or relieve excess nutrient, lose weight, and reduce the disease rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors, diabetes, and the like. Therefore, the solid-state food has good applicable value and market prospect.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to field of food, particularly relating to a kind of is the solid-state food and preparation method thereof and application of feedstock production with vegetables.
[background technology]
Modern medicine is commonly referred to as malnutrition with overnutrition and subalimentation, and long-term nutrition not good general causes multiple metabolic disease.At present, the improper disease that causes of overnutrition and life style has become the No.1 killer who threatens human health, and various fatal chronic metabolic disease significantly rise as incidences of disease such as obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, colorectal cancers.This and plant food are taken in very few, and the animal food Excessive Intake is relevant.
Vegetables are the important vegetable foods that are only second to grain, have low fat, low in calories, high dietary-fiber, homovitamin and mineral matter and contain characteristics such as multiple essential amino acid.In the vegetables that we ate, root is arranged, as radish, carrot, yam bean, Pueraria lobota; Stem is as potato, taro, lettuce, hot pickled mustard tube; Leaf is as pakchoi, Chinese cabbage, leek, wild cabbage; Flower is as cauliflower, day lily; Really (seed) is as cucumber, eggplant, Kidney bean, green soy bean; Also has the fructification of mushroom etc.Therefore, we can define vegetables and are: every organ with tender succulence as non-staple food one, biennial and perennial herbaceous plant, minority xylophyta, mushroom, algae, fern etc., be referred to as vegetables.The scope of vegetable plant is wide, and kind is many, except some cultivated plants do the vegetables, also has many wild or seminatural kinds, as shepherd's purse, purslane, lamb's-quarters wormwood artemisia, dandelion, cordate houttuynia etc., also can be used as vegetables and eats.
The vegetables of China cultivation have kind more than 100, wherein main cultivation have 50 surplus kind.With in a kind of, many mutation are arranged, each mutation has different types and kind again, can be divided into following a few class: (1) root vegetables refers to that the meat taproot to expand is the vegetables of edible part, comprises radish, carrot, root-mustard, turnip, root garden beet etc.(2) cabbage is edible with tender leafage, leaf-head, tender stem, bouquet, as Chinese cabbage (Chinese cabbage, pakchoi), wild cabbage class (cabbage, kohlrabi, cauliflower, brussels sprout, broccoli), mustard (hot pickled mustard tube, potherb mustard, cabbage mustard).(3) green vegetable is edible with children tender leaf or tender stem, as lettuce, celery, spinach, crowndaisy chrysanthemum, coriander, three-coloured amaranth, water spinach, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers etc. falls.(4) green onion garlic class is edible with bulb (leaf sheath base expands), false stem (leaf sheath), tubulose leaf or banded leaf, as onion, garlic, shallot, chive, leek etc.(5) the solanberry class refers to comprise tomato, capsicum, eggplant etc. with the solanaceous vegetable of fruit for edible part.(6) melon finger comprises pumpkin, cucumber, muskmelon, bottle gourd, wax gourd, sponge gourd, balsam pear etc. with the cucurbitaceae vegetable of fruit for edible part.(7) beans comprises Kidney bean, cowpea, broad bean, pea, French beans, sword bean etc. with tender pod or the edible leguminous vegetable of beans.(8) the potato class is edible with underground stem tuber or piece root, comprises the potato of Solanaceae, the taro of Araeceae, the Chinese yam of Dioscoreaceae, the yam bean of pulse family etc.(9) aquatic vegetables need be grown in the vegetables of swampy area, as lotus root, wild rice stem, arrowhead, water chestnut, Chinese celery, water chestnut etc.(10) after the permanent vegetable class referred to once plant, for many years the vegetables of can gathering were as perennial woody vegetables such as perennial herb vegetables such as day lily, asparagus, lily, leek and bamboo shoots, Chinese toons.(11) edible fungi refer to eat, nontoxic mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom, Asparagus, dictyophora phalloidea, hedgehog hydnum, auricularia auriculajudae, white fungus etc.
Proved already, the too much edible of staple foods such as rice and flour is to cause one of a large amount of calm and fat major reasons of body fat, the various fatal chronic metabolic disease that replaces staple food such as rice and flour can overcome overnutrition effectively and bring thus with vegetables is as obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, colorectal cancer etc.But vegetables are always as non-staple food over the past thousands of years, and people can see still that the form of original shape is edible with vegetables after with original shape or processing.In edible vegetable, people often eat more staple foods such as rice and flour.Therefore, how vegetables are processed into a kind of form of staple food,,, have great importance for improving the population health level as strip-like-shaped such as noodles, sheet shape such as dough sheet and face cake, graininess shape such as the grain of rice, block shape such as tangent plane piece etc. in order to replace staple food.
[disclosure of the Invention]
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of is the solid-state food and preparation method thereof and application of feedstock production with vegetables.
Of the present invention a kind of be that the solid-state food of feedstock production is by including vegetables with vegetables, alginate, curing agent and water are that raw material is prepared and obtains, specifically by including following preparation method: vegetables are mixed with the water soluble algae hydrochlorate, make the aqueous mixture of vegetables and water soluble algae hydrochlorate, be cured with curing agent then and form the solid-state food that contains vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, wherein said vegetables are various types of edible vegetable, comprise 11 mentioned above classification, kinds of artificial plantation and wild vegetables, its content is the 5%-98% of dry gross weight by weight, preferred 15%-85%, more preferably 30%-80%.Described vegetables, its form are one or more the mixture in fresh and alive vegetables and vegetables slurry and vegetable puree, dehydrated vegetables and dehydrated vegetables powder, freeze-dried vegetable and the freeze-dried vegetable powder.
Described water soluble algae hydrochlorate is any one or the arbitrarily several mixture that mixes with arbitrary proportion in sodium alginate, potassium alginate or the ammonium alginate; Described water-insoluble alginate is any one or the arbitrarily several mixture that mixes with arbitrary proportion in calcium alginate, alginic acid magnesium, alginic acid molysite or the alginic acid zinc.
Described its addition of water soluble algae hydrochlorate is counted the 0.5%-30% of solid feed gross weight with weight by weight, preferred 1%-20%; In weight by volume, every total moisture volume is in the solid feed of 1L, adds alginate 5-100g, preferred 10-80g.
Described sodium alginate is the material with following feature:
Sodium alginate has another name called Sodium Alginate, Sodium Alginate, sodium alginate, mosanom
English name: Sodium alginate, Kelgin, Sodium polymannuronate
Molecular formula: (C
6H
7Na0
6) n
CAS number: 9005-38-3.
Character description: white or pale yellow powder, slowly water-soluble, form thick solution, be insoluble to ethanol, chloroform or ether, odorless, tasteless, the pH value of 1% sodium alginate aqueous solution is 6-8, viscosity is stable during for 6-9 in the pH value, and being heated to more than 80 ℃ then, viscosity reduces.These product have hygroscopicity, are the very strong hydrophilic macromolecules of Hydration Force.
Described alginic acid sylvite is the different salt compounds of alginic acid in the above-mentioned sodium alginate with ammonium salt and calcium alginate, alginic acid magnesium, alginic acid molysite or alginic acid zinc.
Described curing agent is for containing Ca
2+, Mg
2+, Fe
2+Or Zn
2+In a kind of or or any several aqueous solution, calcium chloride solution, calcium carbonate soln, magnesium chloride solution, ferric chloride solution, liquor zinci chloridi etc. are arranged, and the most frequently used with calcium chloride solution, the concentration of described curing agent is 5-200g/L, preferred 10-150g/L, more preferably 20-100g/L.
Described solid-state food contains additives, and its addition is the 0-90% of solid feed gross weight.Additives are selected from dietary fiber, are rich in dietary fiber food, glucide, lipid material, proteins,vitamins,minerals, food additives, flavor enhancement, have the material of defaecation ease constipation function and one or more the mixture in other the edible and pharmaceutical formulation dressing, and the wherein said dietary fiber food that is rich in is selected from one or more mixture in fruit, cereal, potato class, the bean food; The material that wherein has a defaecation ease constipation function is selected from one or more the mixture in polyethylene glycol, prepared RADIX ET RHIZOMA RHEI, folium sennae, almond, saline cistanche, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, castor-oil plant, fructus cannabis, brush-cherry seed, aloe, agar, magnesium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide, sorbierite, galactolipin fructoside, the inulin.
Anti-treating constipation is dietary fiber one of universally recognized beneficial functions in use, it makes moisture content wherein be not easy to be absorbed by the suction volumetric expansion, thereby stimulate enterocinesia to reduce food time of staying in enteron aisle, dietary fiber in large intestine through bacterial fermentation, directly absorb the moisture content in the fiber, make the stool deliquescing, and then produce defecating feces excretion.Yet in actual use, people have but ignored the side effect that dietary fiber causes constipation.When the intake of dietary fiber is big, when particularly disposable absorption restrains greater than 10, can produce constipation, abdominal distension, stomachache, more rare side effect has the interior fiber coprolite that forms of enteron aisle to cause intestinal obstruction, the opposite effect that the defaecation that self is had with dietary fiber occurs and prevent treating constipation, these side effects occurrence rate in the patient of the elderly or skeletonize is higher.The main cause that causes these side effects is because dietary fiber is stronger to the enterocinesia spread effect of the enteron aisle more than the colon, spread effect to enterocinesia weakens behind the colon and enter, make dietary fiber dehydration in colon, accumulation and bacterial fermentation aerogenesis, cause abdominal distension, constipation, even formation fiber coprolite causes intestinal obstruction.The absorption of high dose causes the effect characteristics of constipation because dietary fiber has low dosage absorption defaecation, therefore, defaecation ease constipation functional mass is to add in by weight ratio in described solid-state food, the intake of the intake of defaecation ease constipation functional mass and dietary fiber forms positive correlation like this, the absorption that is dietary fiber is many more, then the absorption of defaecation ease constipation functional mass is also many more, in the time of just can producing the absorption of dietary fiber low dosage by both ratios of suitable adjustment, defaecation ease constipation functional mass intake is less than effect dosage, still keep the normal bowel relaxing functions of dietary fiber, and when the dietary fiber high dose is taken in, defaecation ease constipation functional mass intake also increases thereupon, reach the effect dosage level, and then resisted the side effect that dietary fiber causes constipation effectively.The ratio of both concrete addings is with the kind of kind, the characteristic of the dietary fiber that is adopted and the defaecation ease constipation functional mass that adopted and characteristic decision.The present invention has the content of the material of defaecation ease constipation function and counts the 1%-50% of contained dietary fiber amount with weight by weight, and preferred 3-50% more selects 5%-45%
Owing to contain a lot of hydrophilic radicals in the dietary fiber chemical constitution, have very strong dilatancy and retention ability, its dilatancy of the dietary fiber of separate sources and retention ability difference are very big, are 54 milliliters/gram as its expansive force of dietary fiber that extracts from sea-tangle, and retention ability is 3201%; Its expansive force of the dietary fiber that extracts from wheat straw and retention ability are respectively 4.7～6.9 milliliters/gram, 740～880%; The cmaize peel food fibre expansive force is 18.2 a milliliters/gram, and retention ability is 930%.The retentiveness of dietary fiber and water swelling, easily cause satiety, simultaneously, because dietary fiber also can influence digesting and assimilating in vivo such as the composition that can utilize carbohydrate, make the people be difficult for producing hunger, therefore, take dietary fiber in right amount, can effectively prevent or alleviate overnutrition, prevention of obesity disease, reduce body weight, reduce the incidence of disease of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, tumour, diabetes etc.
Fruit also is the important vegetable food that is only second to grain, has high dietary-fiber, low fat, low in calories, homovitamin and mineral matter and contains characteristics such as multiple essential amino acid.Be divided into deciduous fruit tree fruit and evergreen fruit trees fruit by agrobiology classification fruit, wherein deciduous fruit tree fruit comprises pomaceous fruit, as apple, pears, pawpaw and hawthorn etc.; The drupe class is as peach, apricot, Lee, cherry and bulky etc.; Nut fruits is as walnut, chestnut, ginkgo and fibert etc.; Berries is as grape, careless grape, gooseberry, Kiwi berry and raspberry etc.; Persimmon jujube class is as persimmon, dateplum persimmon, jujube and wild jujube etc.Evergreen fruit trees fruit comprises the hesperidium aurantium class, as tangerine, mandarin orange, shaddock, orange, lemon, trifoliate orange, Calusena lansium and grape fruit etc.; Berries is as carambola, Portugal, syzygium samarangense, sapodilla, kind stone tangerine, papaya and feijoa etc.; The lichee class is as lichee, longan etc.; The drupe class is as olive, olive, mango, red bayberry etc.; Nut fruits is as cashew nut, coconut, Chinese torreya, Brazilian nut, pomegranate company etc.; The pod class.Tamarind, carob, goa bean etc.; Poly-multiple fruit class is as tree spinach bredfruit, manaca and thorn manaca etc.; The draft class is as banana and pineapple etc.; Liana (overgrowing) class is as passionflower and southern thorny elaeagnus etc.
Part grain group food also is rich in dietary fiber, as cereal, rice, wheat face, millet, corn etc. is arranged, and the potato group food has Ipomoea batatas, potato etc., and bean food has soya bean, red bean, mung bean, soybean etc.
Dietary fiber described in the present invention is rich in the preparation that food can be used for solid-state food in a variety of forms.Described vegetables, its form are one or more the mixture in fresh and alive vegetables and vegetables slurry and vegetable puree, dehydrated vegetables and dehydrated vegetables powder, freeze-dried vegetable and the freeze-dried vegetable powder.Described fruit, its form are one or more the mixture in fresh and alive fruit and fruit slurry and fruit muddy, dehydrated fruits and dehydrated fruits powder, freeze-dried fruit and the freeze-dried fruit powder.Described cereal, potato class, bean food, its form comprise flour, starch, juice and other is through the product after processing.
The preparation method of solid-state food of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) water intaking solubility alga hydrochlorate, vegetables;
2) under stirring, described water soluble algae hydrochlorate, vegetables are mixed with water, make the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables;
3) preparation curing agent, described curing agent is for containing Ca
2+, Mg
2+, Fe
2+Or Zn
2+In any one or any several aqueous solution;
4) curing agent that obtains with described step 3) is to described step 2) the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables be cured, and obtains the described solid-state food that contains vegetables and water-insoluble alginate.
In the described step 4), the curing agent that obtains with described step 3) is to described step 2) method that is cured of the alginate that obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives is selected from any one among the following method a-c:
A, as preparing block solid food, under stirring, described curing agent is sprayed into described step 2) in the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives, formation contains vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, makes its curing;
B, as preparing block solid food, with described step 2) the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that obtains places in the curing agent with the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives, formation contains vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, makes its curing;
C, as preparing the food of other form, with described step 2) the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives spray into, splash into or be squeezed in the curing agent, forms and contain vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, makes its curing.
The application of solid-state food provided by the invention in various food of preparation and health food also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.Solid-state food provided by the invention can be used for preparation as multiple semi-finished product goods, as strip to replace noodles, sheet to replace dough sheet and face cake, graininess to replace the grain of rice, block to replace tangent plane piece etc.; Pot foods between multiple millet cake such as finished commodities such as instant noodles, pasta, steamed bun and biscuit, meal; Dessert, biscuit, fast food rod etc. between cakes such as instant type meal; Health food such as tablet, capsule, granule etc.
The method for preparing solid-state food provided by the invention can be carried out according to following concrete steps, but is not limitation of the invention:
1) gets a certain amount of water soluble algae hydrochlorate, vegetables and additives;
2) get suitable quantity of water, under stirring, make the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables and additives;
3) configuration contains Ca
2+, Mg
2+, Fe
2+Or Zn
2+In one or more the curing agent of the metal cation aqueous solution;
The method of the solid-state food of 4) preparation bulk specifically has two kinds
A) under stirring, curing agent is sprayed in the aqueous mixture that has disposed, form and contain vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, make its curing;
B) aqueous mixture that will dispose places in the curing agent, forms to contain vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, makes its curing;
5) as preparing the food of other form, the aqueous mixture that has disposed is sprayed into, splashes into or is squeezed in the curing agent, form and contain vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, make its curing;
6) collect, pack, obtain solid-state food provided by the invention.
Wherein, step 2) preparation of described aqueous mixture, comprise following method: as being raw material with vegetables, earlier under stirring, the water soluble algae hydrochlorate is added in an amount of water, make water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry, under stirring, vegetables and additives are added in the water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry, make the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables and additives;
As being raw material with fresh and alive vegetables or vegetables slurry or vegetable puree, then earlier vegetables are made pulpous state, under stirring, add water soluble algae hydrochlorate and additives then, make the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables and additives;
As being raw material with the drying vegetables, then earlier under stirring, the water soluble algae hydrochlorate is added in an amount of water, make water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry, again drying vegetables is pulverized, under stirring, Vegetable powder and additives are added in the water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry, make the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables and additives;
As being raw material with the Vegetable powder, then earlier under stirring, the water soluble algae hydrochlorate is added in an amount of water, make water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry, under stirring, Vegetable powder and additives are added in the water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry again, make the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables and additives.
[specific implementation method]
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1, be the preparation of the solid-state food of raw material with fresh and alive vegetables
Raw material: new fresh tomato, purity are 80% dietary fiber (abbreviation dietary fiber), polyethylene glycol, soyabean protein powder, multivitamin mineral matter composite sheet, sodium alginate, calcium chloride
Method: get 5 kilograms of new fresh tomatos, stir and make homogenate.Other gets dietary fiber 500 grams, polyethylene glycol 50 grams, sodium alginate 50 grams, soyabean protein powder 100 grams, multivitamin mineral matter composite sheet 5 grams, stirring and evenly mixing is made mixture, then under tomato homogenate stirring, add the mixture that has prepared gradually, make thick slurry.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 3%.The thick slurry that will prepare then is squeezed into calcium chloride water, into strips, treats that it solidifies the back and takes out, and drenches with the clear water rinsing, with water and does, and packs with every bag 300 gram (weight in wet base), stores in order to edible.
Embodiment 2, be the preparation of the solid-state food of raw material with the Vegetable powder
Raw material: celery powder, purity are 80% dietary fiber (abbreviation dietary fiber), polyethylene glycol, soyabean protein powder, multivitamin mineral matter composite sheet, sodium alginate, calcium chloride
Method: get 1 kilogram in celery powder, dietary fiber 500 grams, polyethylene glycol 50 grams, soyabean protein powder 100 grams, multivitamin mineral matter composite sheet 5 grams, stirring and evenly mixing is made mixture.Get 5 liters in sodium alginate 100 grams, water, under stirring, sodium alginate is added in the entry, make sodium alginate homogenate.Under sodium alginate homogenate stirring, add the mixture that has prepared gradually then, make thick slurry.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 3%.The thick slurry that will prepare then is squeezed into calcium chloride water, into strips, treats that it solidifies the back and takes out, and drenches with the clear water rinsing, with water and does, and packs with every bag 300 gram (weight in wet base), stores in order to edible.
Embodiment 3, be the preparation of the solid-state food of whole raw materials with Vegetable powder
Raw material: celery powder, sodium alginate, calcium chloride
Method: get 2 kilograms in celery powder.Other gets 5 liters in sodium alginate 75 grams, water, under stirring, sodium alginate is added in the entry, makes sodium alginate homogenate.Under sodium alginate homogenate stirring, add the celery powder gradually then, make thick slurry.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 3%.The thick slurry that will prepare then is squeezed into calcium chloride water, into strips, treats that it solidifies the back and takes out, and drenches with the clear water rinsing, with water and does, and packs with every bag 300 gram (weight in wet base), stores in order to edible.
The preparation of embodiment 4, the vegetables grain of rice of the present invention
Raw material: celery powder, purity are 80% dietary fiber (abbreviation dietary fiber), polyethylene glycol, soyabean protein powder, multivitamin mineral matter composite sheet, sodium alginate, calcium chloride
Method: get 1 kilogram in celery powder, dietary fiber 500 grams, soyabean protein powder 100 grams, multivitamin mineral matter composite sheet 5 grams, stirring and evenly mixing is made mixture.Get 8 liters in sodium alginate 100 grams, water, under stirring, sodium alginate is added in the entry, make sodium alginate homogenate.Under sodium alginate homogenate stirring, add the mixture that has prepared gradually then, make thin pulp.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 3%.The thin pulp that will prepare splashes into calcium chloride water then, becomes graininess, treats that it solidifies the back and takes out, and drenches with the clear water rinsing, with water and does, and packs with every bag 300 gram (weight in wet base), stores in order to edible.
The influence that the addition of embodiment 5, sodium alginate is shaped to vegetable foodstuff
Raw material: celery powder, sodium alginate, calcium chloride.
Method: experiment is divided into 7 groups, and promptly 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 group, the addition of sodium alginate is 0,5,10,50,100,150 and 200 grams.Get celery powder 1000 gram/groups.Get sodium alginate 0,5,10,50,100,150,200 grams in addition respectively, fetch water 5 liters for every group, under stirring, sodium alginate is added in the entry, make sodium alginate homogenate.Under sodium alginate homogenate stirring, add the celery powder gradually then, make thick slurry.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 5%.The thick slurry that will prepare then is squeezed into calcium chloride water, into strips, treats that it solidifies the back taking-up, drenches with the clear water rinsing, with water and does, and observes the influence of the addition of sodium alginate to the formation of celery powder solid-state food.Judge index is as follows: forming speed: +++at once, ++ be in 5 seconds ,+for greater than 5 seconds ,-for shapeless, integrality: +++be＞95%, ++ for 95-70% ,+for 69-20% ,-be＜20%, hardness: +++be light press indeformable, ++ for light compressive strain but not broken ,+for light compressive strain and frangible ,-for shapeless, toughness: +++for restore fully behind the extruding decompress(ion), ++ for extruding decompress(ion) rear section restore ,+for non-restoring behind the extruding decompress(ion) ,-be shapeless.
The results are shown in Table 3, the addition of sodium alginate influences the formation of dietary fiber solid-state food, and along with the increase of sodium alginate addition, the quickening of solid-state food shaping speed, integrality increase, hardness and the toughness that are rich in dietary fiber strengthen.
The addition of table 3 sodium alginate is to being rich in the influence that the dietary fiber solid-state food forms
The addition of embodiment 6, vegetables is to being rich in the influence that the dietary fiber solid-state food forms
Raw material: celery powder, flour, sodium alginate, calcium chloride.
Method: experiment is divided into 6 groups, and promptly 0,1,2,3,4,5 group, the addition of celery powder is respectively 0,100,300,500,700,1000 grams, and the addition of flour is respectively 1000,900,700,500,300,0 gram.With celery powder and flour is that unit mixes with the group, makes the celery powder mixture.Get sodium alginate 50 grams respectively for every group in addition, fetch water 5 liters for every group, under stirring, sodium alginate is added in the entry, make sodium alginate homogenate.Under sodium alginate homogenate stirring, add the celery powder mixture gradually then, make thick slurry.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 5%.The thick slurry that will prepare then is squeezed into calcium chloride water, into strips, treats that it solidifies the back and takes out, and uses the clear water rinsing, boils 5 minutes, water is drenched do, and the addition of observing sodium alginate is to being rich in the influence that the dietary fiber solid-state food forms.Judge index is as follows: forming speed: +++at once, ++ be in 5 seconds ,+for greater than 5 seconds ,-for shapeless; Integrality: +++be＞95%, ++ for 95-70% ,+for 69-20% ,-be＜20%; Hardness: +++be light press indeformable, ++ for light compressive strain but not broken ,+for light compressive strain and frangible ,-for shapeless; Toughness: +++for restore fully behind the extruding decompress(ion), ++ for extruding decompress(ion) rear section restore ,+for non-restoring behind the extruding decompress(ion) ,-be shapeless.
The results are shown in Table 4, the formation that the dietary fiber solid-state food is rich in the addition influence of celery powder.Under the certain situation of sodium alginate addition, along with the increase of celery powder addition, the solid-state food forming speed that is rich in dietary fiber slows down, integrality reduces, hardness and toughness reduce.
The addition of table 4 celery powder is to being rich in the influence that the dietary fiber solid-state food forms
Embodiment 7, edible vegetable food of the present invention are to health effects
Choose trial volunteer's 22 examples, the vegetables solid-state food that every day, tuxedo prepared with 300 gram (weight in wet base) embodiment 1, took continuously one month, the reaction of observing after the experimenter takes comprises indexs such as satiety, physical exertion, body weight, stomachache, abdominal distension, stool change.
Tangible satiety, normal, the weight average decline 2.63Kg of physical exertion are arranged after the result takes, do not see bad reactions such as stomachache, abdominal distension, diarrhoea.
Embodiment 8, be the preparation of the solid block food of raw material with the celery powder
Raw material: celery powder, sodium alginate, calcium chloride.
Method: get celery powder 1500 grams, stirring and evenly mixing is made mixture.Get 7.5 liters in sodium alginate 150 grams, water, under stirring, sodium alginate is added in the entry, make sodium alginate homogenate.Under sodium alginate homogenate stirring, add the mixture that has prepared gradually then, make thick slurry.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 5%.Under thick slurry stirring, spray into calcium chloride water then, treat that it solidifies the back and takes out, and uses the clear water rinsing, the water pouring is done, and extruding is spent the night in the gauze bag of packing into, forms the solid-state bean curd shape of vegetables food, stripping and slicing packs with every bag 300 gram (weight in wet base), stores in order to edible.
The preparation of embodiment 9, the vegetables grain of rice of the present invention
Raw material: tomato powder, sodium alginate, calcium chloride.
Method: get tomato powder 1000 grams, stirring and evenly mixing is made mixture.Get 7.5 liters in sodium alginate 125 grams, water, under stirring, sodium alginate is added in the entry, make sodium alginate homogenate.Under sodium alginate homogenate stirring, add the mixture that has prepared gradually then, make the thin pulp of the system of can dripping.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 5%.The thin pulp that will prepare splashes into calcium chloride water then, becomes graininess, treats that it solidifies the back and takes out, and drenches with the clear water rinsing, with water and does, and packs with every bag 300 gram, stores in order to edible.
The preparation of embodiment 10, vegetables food bar of the present invention
Raw material: purity is 80% dietary fiber (abbreviation dietary fiber), tomato, sodium alginate, calcium chloride.
Method: get 5 kilograms in tomato, blend pulp, make the tomato slurry.Get sodium alginate 50 grams, under stirring, sodium alginate is added in the tomato slurry, other gets dietary fiber 500 grams, under stirring, adds in the tomato slurry, makes thick slurry.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 5%.The thick slurry that will prepare is then inserted in the calcium chloride water, treats to take out after it is frozen into piece, drenches with the clear water rinsing, with water and does, and packs with every bag 300 gram, stores in order to edible.
Embodiment 11, different water soluble algae hydrochlorate are to preparing the influence of solid-state food of the present invention
Raw material: purity is 80% dietary fiber (abbreviation dietary fiber), tomato, sodium alginate, calcium chloride.
Method: get 15 kilograms in tomato, be divided into three groups, 5 kilograms every group, blend pulp respectively, make the tomato slurry.Get sodium alginate, potassium alginate, each 50 gram of ammonium alginate, under stirring, add respectively in the tomato slurry, respectively get dietary fiber 500 grams in addition, under stirring, add in the tomato slurry, make thick slurry.10 liters of the calcium chloride waters of configuration 5%.The thick slurry that will prepare then is squeezed into calcium chloride water respectively, into strips, treats that it solidifies the back and takes out, and drenches with the clear water rinsing, with water and does, and packs with every bag 300 gram (weight in wet base), stores in order to edible.The thick slurry that will prepare is then inserted in the calcium chloride water, treats to take out after it is frozen into piece, drenches with the clear water rinsing, with water and does, and observes the influence that different water soluble algae hydrochlorates form solid-state food of the present invention.
The result adopts the prepared solid-state food of sodium alginate, potassium alginate and ammonium alginate there is no evident difference aspect forming speed, integrality, hardness and the toughness etc., all is good shaping.
Embodiment 12, solid-state food of the present invention are to the effect for reducing blood fat of hyperlipidemia rats
Raw material: serum cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-C (HDL-C) and LDL-C (LDL-C) detection kit, high lipid food (79% basal feed, 1% cholesterol, 10% yolk powder, 10% lard), experiment feed (34% basal feed, 45% embodiment 1 are solid-state food, 1% cholesterol, 10% yolk powder, 10% lard of raw material with the Vegetable powder), animal used as test Wistar male rat.
Experimental technique: feed with basal feed and to raise rat 7 days, be divided into 3 groups at random, every group of 10 animals are respectively normal control group, high fat control group and experimental group.From experiment beginning, high fat control group and the experimental group animal high lipid food of feeding, blood is got in the back docking of 4 weeks, and after determining to have formed high blood lipid model, experimental group changes to feed raises the experiment feed, and high fat control group is still fed and is raised high lipid food.4 week backs are by 5 milliliters of rat abdomen arterial blood drawings, and anticoagulant heparin is measured and respectively organized rat fat and body weight, and experimental result credit is by statistics analysed and selected the t method of inspection for use, relatively the difference between each experimental group and the model group.
The results are shown in Table 5, is that the solid-state food of raw material has tangible reducing blood lipid and the effect that reduces body weight with vegetables.
Table 5 solid-state food of the present invention is to the hyperlipidemia rats effect for reducing blood fat
*p＜0.05
Embodiment 13, solid-state food of the present invention are to the hypoglycemic activity of hyperglycemic rat
Raw material: blood sugar test kit, alloxan, experiment feed (50% basal feed, 50% embodiment 1 are the solid-state food of raw material with the Vegetable powder), animal used as test Wistar male rat.
Experimental technique: get 25 of rats, feed with basal feed and raised rat 7 days, fasting 24h, tail vein injection 1% alloxan 0.45ml/100g after the moulding 72 hours, surveys blood glucose value from the blood sampling of socket of the eye veniplex, the rat of screening blood sugar 〉=12mM/L.Be divided into 2 groups at random: hyperglycaemia control group and experimental group.Not injecting the alloxan rat is the normal control group.Normal control group and hyperglycaemia control group are fed and to be raised normal diet, and experimental group is fed and raised the experiment feed, 4 week back measuring blood sugar of blood extracting content and body weight, experimental result credit is by statistics analysed and is selected the t method of inspection for use, relatively the difference between each experimental group and the model group.
The results are shown in Table 6, is that the solid-state food of raw material has obvious functions of blood sugar and the effect that reduces body weight with vegetables.
Table 6 solid-state food of the present invention is to the hyperglycemic rat hypoglycemic activity
*p＜0.05
[beneficial effect]
The invention provides a kind of solid-state food for preparing take vegetables as raw material and preparation method thereof and application. This Invention has the following advantages:
1) the present invention is low in calories for market has increased is rich in the edible food of the staple food form that can be used as of vegetables etc. The thing new varieties. The present invention creatively makes vegetables the edible solid food such as the staple food that can be used as rice and flour, makes Vegetables are selected according to the health demand of human body in reality is edible as staple food, are people's diet knot Having increased by one in the structure can satisfy dietetic requirement, and can not cause again the staple food form that can be used as of overnutrition edible The food new varieties.
2) this product can reduce the absorption of heat. The present invention make take vegetables as raw material the preparation solid-state Food has low fat, low in calories, high dietary-fiber, homovitamin and high mineral and contains various human The characteristics such as body essential amino acid replace staple food not only can overcome the fat that eating of staple food caused human body with it Fat deposition and fat, a large amount of dietary fibers is eaten a large amount of absorptions that can reduce high energy capacity material simultaneously, and is useful In the various fatal chronic metabolic disease that overcomes overnutrition and bring thus, as obesity, hypertension, Coronary heart disease, diabetes, colorectal cancer etc.
3) dietary fiber content is eaten in a large number to have and is caused constipation apparently higher than other food in this product Possibility. In food, add the material with defaecation ease constipation function, overcome that dietary fiber is eaten and The constipation that causes, abdominal distension, stomachache and the more rare side effects such as the interior formation of enteron aisle fiber coprolite. People are common Thinking that dietary fiber has defaecation, promotion enterocinesia, the anti-effect that treats constipation, is be used to the food that relaxes bowel One of main functional component of product and health food, but in actual applications and ignored dietary fiber and can cause The side effects such as constipation, abdominal distension even intestinal obstruction. This class side effect is often relevant with absorption dosage. The present invention is skilful Wonderful land productivity has with dietary fiber that low dosage is taken in defaecation and the absorption of high dose causes the effect characteristics of constipation, In solid low energy food, add in proportion defaecation ease constipation functional mass, make the absorption of defaecation ease constipation functional mass Amount forms positive correlation with the intake of dietary fiber, and it is low to produce dietary fiber by both ratios of suitable adjustment When dosage was taken in, defaecation ease constipation functional mass intake was still kept the normal of dietary fiber less than effect dosage The defaecation function, and when the dietary fiber high dose was taken in, defaecation ease constipation functional mass intake also increased thereupon, Reach the effect dosage level, and then effectively resisted the side effect that dietary fiber causes constipation. This is for carrying The high product quality increases the compliance that product uses, and the side effect that the minimizing product uses etc. has important work With.
4) edible this product, every day, the intake of dietary fiber can reach the effect dosage level. At present Chinese The dietary fiber amount of eating of everyone every day is 13.3 grams, promulgates China in 2000 far below Chinese Soclety of Nutrition The intake of everyone 30.2 grams every day of resident's Dietary Reference Intakes regulation. The present invention creatively designs The solid-state food of vegetables, the deficiency of complementary diets fiber intake effectively is conducive to prevention and reduces The incidence of disease of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, tumour, diabetes, gall stone etc.
5) easy to use. Product of the present invention is convenient, the easy to carry common formulations of multiple eating, for producing The use of product provide more easily by way of.
6) production technology is simply cheap, is beneficial to very much marketing.
Therefore, the present invention has important health care meaning and good application prospect.
Claims (14)
1, a kind of is the solid-state food of feedstock production with vegetables, is that raw material is prepared and obtains by including vegetables, alginate, curing agent and water.
2, food according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solid-state food prepares by including following method: vegetables are mixed with the water soluble algae hydrochlorate, make the aqueous mixture of vegetables and water soluble algae hydrochlorate, be cured with curing agent then and form the described solid-state food that contains vegetables and water-insoluble alginate.
3, according to the arbitrary described food of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: described alginate is water soluble algae hydrochlorate and water-insoluble alginate; Described water soluble algae hydrochlorate is any one or the arbitrarily several mixture that mixes with arbitrary proportion in sodium alginate, potassium alginate or the ammonium alginate; Described water-insoluble alginate is any one or the arbitrarily several mixture that mixes with arbitrary proportion in calcium alginate, alginic acid magnesium, alginic acid molysite or the alginic acid zinc.
4, according to the arbitrary described food of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: in weight by weight, the addition of described alginate is the 0.5-30% of described solid feed gross weight; In weight by volume, every total moisture volume is in the solid feed of 1L, adds alginate 5-100g.
5, food according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in weight by weight, the addition of described alginate is the 1%-20% of described solid feed gross weight; In weight by volume, every total moisture volume is in the solid feed of 1L, adds alginate 10-80g.
6, according to the arbitrary described food of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described curing agent is for containing Ca
2+, Mg
2+, Fe
2+Or Zn
2+In any one or any several aqueous solution, the concentration of described curing agent is 5-200g/L, preferred 10-150g/L, more preferably 20-100g/L.
7, according to the arbitrary described food of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: also contain additives in the described solid-state food, its addition is the 0-90% of solid feed gross weight; Described additives are selected from dietary fiber, be rich in dietary fiber food, glucide, lipid material, protein, vitamin, mineral matter, food additives, flavor enhancement, have the material of defaecation ease constipation function and one or more the mixture in other food and the pharmaceutical formulation dressing, the material that wherein has defaecation ease constipation function is selected from polyethylene glycol, prepared RADIX ET RHIZOMA RHEI, folium sennae, almond, saline cistanche, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, castor-oil plant, fructus cannabis, brush-cherry seed, aloe, agar, magnesium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide, sorbierite, the galactolipin fructoside, the mixture of one or more in the inulin; The wherein said dietary fiber food that is rich in is selected from one or more mixture in fruit, cereal, potato class, the bean food.
8, according to the arbitrary described food of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: described vegetables are any one or the arbitrarily several mixture that mixes with arbitrary proportion in fresh and alive vegetables, vegetables slurry, vegetable puree, dehydrated vegetables, dehydrated vegetables powder, freeze-dried vegetable or the freeze-dried vegetable powder.
9, a kind of method for preparing the described solid-state food of claim 1 comprises the steps:
1) water intaking solubility alga hydrochlorate, vegetables and additives;
2) under stirring, described water soluble algae hydrochlorate, vegetables and additives are mixed with water, make the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables and additives;
3) preparation curing agent, described curing agent is for containing Ca
2+, Mg
2+, Fe
2+Or Zn
2+In any one or any several aqueous solution;
4) curing agent that obtains with described step 3) is to described step 2) the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables be cured, and obtains the described solid-state food that contains vegetables and water-insoluble alginate.
10, method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: in the described step 4), the curing agent that obtains with described step 3) is to described step 2) method that is cured of the alginate that obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives is selected from any one among the following method a-c:
A, as preparing block solid food, under stirring, described curing agent is sprayed into described step 2) in the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives, formation contains vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, makes its curing;
B, as preparing block solid food, with described step 2) the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that obtains places in the curing agent with the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives, formation contains vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, makes its curing;
C, as preparing the food of other form, with described step 2) the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives spray into, splash into or be squeezed in the curing agent, forms and contain vegetables and water-insoluble alginate, makes its curing.
11, according to the arbitrary described method of claim 9-10, it is characterized in that: the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that described step 2) obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives are prepared as follows and obtain:
Pulvis with vegetables is a raw material, earlier under stirring, the water soluble algae hydrochlorate is added in the entry, make water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry, pulvis and additives with vegetables under stirring add in the water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry, make the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables and additives.
12, according to the arbitrary described method of claim 9-10, it is characterized in that: the water soluble algae hydrochlorate that described step 2) obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables and additives are prepared as follows and obtain:
With fresh and alive vegetables or vegetables slurry or vegetable puree is raw material, then earlier vegetables is made pulpous state, adds water soluble algae hydrochlorate and additives then under stirring, makes the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables and additives.
13, according to the arbitrary described method of claim 9-10, it is characterized in that: water soluble algae hydrochlorate that described step 2) obtains and the aqueous mixture of vegetables are prepared as follows and obtain:
With the drying vegetables is raw material, then earlier under stirring, the water soluble algae hydrochlorate is added in the entry, make water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry, again drying vegetables is pulverized, under stirring, Vegetable powder and additives are added in the water soluble algae hydrochlorate slurry, make the aqueous mixture of water soluble algae hydrochlorate and vegetables and additives.
14, claim 1-8 arbitrary described be the application of solid-state food in preparation various food and health food of feedstock production with vegetables.
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| US8283338B2 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2012-10-09 | Kao Corporation | GIP secretion inhibitor |
| US8338389B2 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2012-12-25 | Kao Corporation | Agent for preventing or ameliorating obesity |
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| DE102011052204A1 (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-01-31 | Tena Products Gmbh | Vegetarian sausage for animals |
| CN103445142A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-18 | 麦康食品（青岛）有限公司 | Production method for forming mushrooms |
| CN103445142B (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-07-08 | 麦康食品（青岛）有限公司 | Production method for forming mushrooms |
| CN110250453A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-09-20 | 江汉大学 | A kind of preparation method and Chinese cabbage freeze-dried powder application of Chinese cabbage freeze-dried powder |
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