CN101628830B - Method for reducing nitrogen loss during composting process - Google Patents
Method for reducing nitrogen loss during composting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101628830B CN101628830B CN2009100910913A CN200910091091A CN101628830B CN 101628830 B CN101628830 B CN 101628830B CN 2009100910913 A CN2009100910913 A CN 2009100910913A CN 200910091091 A CN200910091091 A CN 200910091091A CN 101628830 B CN101628830 B CN 101628830B
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- composting
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- grate sulfur
- sulfur thiobacillus
- ferrous sulfate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing nitrogen loss during the composting process, which belongs to the field of aerobic composting of solid organic wastes. The method comprises the following steps: initially mixing livestock and poultry feces and accessories as raw materials for composting; adding sulfur powder and ferrous sulfate as mixed stacking materials, and using a stirring machine for evenly stirring the mixed stacking materials; spraying thiobacillus thioparus bacterial liquid during the stirring process of the mixed stacking materials; and carrying out composting and fermentation treatment when water content of the mixed stacking materials is controlled between 50% and 55%. The method reduces the nitrogen loss during the high-temperature composting process of the livestock and poultry feces, reduces odor generated by volatilization of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, increases content of available nutrients of a composting finished product, further obtains an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing an ammonium ferrous sulfate complex salt, improves the quality of agricultural composting and is conductive to absorption of crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid organic castoff aerobic compost process field, particularly a kind of method of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process.
Background technology
The phenomenon of ubiquity nitrogen loss in the During High-Temperature Composting process, nearly all nitrogen loss all is to cause ammonia to discharge because organic nitrogen compound decomposes in composting process, because ammonia is lighter-than-air gas, therefore can overflow from the heap body.Nitrogen loss in the composting process mainly is subjected to the joint effect of composition, material C/N ratio, pH value, ventilation/temperature, humidity and the compost additive etc. of compost material.Compare with other solid organic castoffs, the fecaluria of livestock and poultry contains more nitrogen nutrient, in composting process a large amount of nitrogens loss can occur.Usually in the High Temperature Composting of Livestock Manure process, nitrogen loss can reach 16%～76%.How keeping nitrogen as much as possible in compost is to obtain a very important target of high quality composting production, and high nitrogen content means the increase that compost is worth, and also can reduce ammonia emission simultaneously.
And the temperature rise period of composting process and hot stage are the main period of nitrogen loss, and the minimizing control of being carried out nitrogen two stages becomes critical problem, in the prior art nitrogen loss methods to reduce noises in the During High-Temperature Composting process is mainly contained 2 large classes:
1, changes the composting process condition, as ensure an amount of ventilation, suitable humidity, temperature control etc.
2, in composting process, add additive: mainly contain 4 large classes: 1. microbial preparation; 2. be rich in the material of carbon, such as crop material, peat etc.; 3. sorbent material is strong such as absorption properties such as zeolite, clay, coir fibres; 4. phosphate fertilizer and metal salt compound are such as calcium superphosphate, CaCl
2, CaSO
4, MgCl
2, MgSO
4, MnSO
4, CuSO
4, Al
2(SO
4)
3Deng.
The contriver finds in realizing process of the present invention, and there is certain limitation in the scheme that prior art provides, and for example, the improvement of composting process condition needs more equipment and input, and cost is higher; Add microbial preparation and need to cultivate special microbial population and special working conditions, be not easy to realize very much, can not satisfy the multiple needs in the real life, the loss that for this reason reduces High Temperature Composting of Livestock Manure Nitrogen During element needs more method.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce the loss of High Temperature Composting of Livestock Manure Nitrogen During element, reduce the stink that the volatilization of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide causes, increase the available nutrient content of compost finished product, the present invention proposes a kind of method of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process, and obtained a kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that contains ferrous ammonium sulphate double salt, described technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Feces of livestock and poultry and auxiliary material are tentatively mixed, as composting material;
Add SULPHUR POWDER and ferrous sulfate according to described composting material weight, as mixing windrow, stir evenly described mixing windrow with stirrer;
Spray grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid in described mixing windrow whipping process;
When with the moisture control of described mixing windrow 50%～55% the time, carry out compost fermentation and process.
Described according to described composting material weight interpolation SULPHUR POWDER and ferrous sulfate, specifically comprise:
Add 0.25%～0.50% SULPHUR POWDER of described composting material weight, described SULPHUR POWDER adopts 100 orders or the above industrial sulphur powder of 100 orders;
Add 0.3%～0.6% ferrous sulfate of described composting material weight, described ferrous sulfate is industrial green vitriol.
Described in described mixing windrow whipping process spray grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid, specifically comprise: 0.3%～0.5% the described grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid that sprays described composting material weight.
Described auxiliary material specifically comprises: agricultural crop straw powder, mushroom residue, rice bran etc.
The described spray in described mixing windrow whipping process before the grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid also comprises:
Grate sulfur thiobacillus on the slant medium is seeded in the seed culture medium, carries out shake-flask culture;
In the automatic fermenter of 10L, pack into the described grate sulfur thiobacillus fermention medium of 5L;
Cultivate and obtained described grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid in 4～5 days.
Described grate sulfur thiobacillus fermention medium specifically comprises:
Na
2HPO
42.0～3.5g/L, KH
2PO
41.8g/L, MgSO
47H
2O 0.1～0.5g/L, (NH
4)
2SO
40.2～0.5g/L, CaCl
20.05～0.1g/L, MnSO
40.02～0.04g/L, FeCl
30.02～0.05g/L, Na
2S
2O
35H
2O 10.0～15.0g/L, S5.0～10.0g/L; 28～32 ℃ of culture temperature, stirring velocity 450～550r/min, air flow 1.1～1.3vvm, culture cycle 4～5 days.
Described method also obtains a kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that contains ferrous ammonium sulphate double salt.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is:
In the During High-Temperature Composting process, by in composting material, adding a certain proportion of grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid, SULPHUR POWDER, ferrous sulfate, with the moisture control that mixes windrow within the specific limits, carry out compost fermentation and process.Wherein, a certain proportion of grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid, SULPHUR POWDER, ferrous sulfate and the composting material of adding have produced certain chemical reaction.Pass through aforesaid method, reduced High Temperature Composting of Livestock Manure Nitrogen During element loss, reduced stink that the volatilization of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide produces, increased the available nutrient content of compost finished product and obtained a kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that contains ferrous ammonium sulphate double salt, improved agricultural compost quality, be conducive to the absorptions of farm crop.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schema of the method for a kind of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process of providing of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is another schema of the method for a kind of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process of providing of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 3 is another schema of the method for a kind of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process of providing of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 4 is another schema of the method for a kind of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process of providing of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Fig. 5 is another schema of the method for a kind of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process of providing of the embodiment of the invention 5.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process, and concrete steps see for details as follows:
Step 101: feces of livestock and poultry and other auxiliary materials are tentatively mixed, as composting material.
Step 102: the weight according to composting material is added SULPHUR POWDER and ferrous sulfate, as mixing windrow, stirs evenly the mixing windrow with stirrer.
Wherein, add 0.25%～0.50% SULPHUR POWDER of composting material weight, SULPHUR POWDER adopts 100 orders or the above industrial sulphur powder of 100 orders;
Wherein, add 0.3%～0.6% ferrous sulfate of composting material weight, ferrous sulfate is industrial green vitriol.
Step 103: spray grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid in mixing the windrow whipping process.
Wherein, 0.3%～0.5% of spray composting material weight grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid.
Wherein, the present embodiment has also been introduced a kind of preparation method of grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid, and concrete preparation process sees for details as follows:
Grate sulfur thiobacillus is seeded to the seed culture medium from slant medium, carries out shake-flask culture.
Wherein, the volume of bottle is 500ml, the nutrient solution 200ml that in bottle, packs into, and culture temperature is 30 ℃, and shaking speed is 200r/min, and incubation time is 3 days.
Wherein, the composition of seed culture medium is: Na
2S
2O
35H
2O 5.0g/L, NH
4C1 0.1g/L, Na
2HPO
40.2g/L, NaHCO
31.0g/L, MgCl
20.1g/L.
In the automatic fermenter of 10L, pack into the grate sulfur thiobacillus fermention medium of 5L.
Wherein, inoculation grate sulfur thiobacillus seed culture fluid 200ml, culture temperature is 30 ℃, and stirring velocity is 500r/min, and air flow is 1.2vvm, and fermentation time is 4 days.
Wherein, the composition of fermention medium is: Na
2HPO
43.2g/L, KH
2PO
41.8g/L, MgSO
47H
2O0.3g/L, (NH
4)
2SO
40.25g/L, CaCl
20.08g/L, MnSO
40.02g/L, FeCl
30.02g/L, Na
2S
2O
35H
2O 15.0g/L, S5.0g/L.
Wherein, the used grate sulfur thiobacillus (Thiobacillus thioparus) of the present embodiment is available from Chinese agriculture microbial strains preservation center, and culture presevation is numbered 10288.Wherein, strain transfer is preserved to beef-protein medium, and the composition of substratum: extractum carnis 3.0g/L, peptone 5.0g/L, agar 18.0g/L, distilled water 1.0L, pH value are 7.0～7.2, with 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min.
Step 104: when the moisture control that mixes windrow 50%～55% the time, carry out compost fermentation and process.
By in composting process, adding a certain proportion of grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid, SULPHUR POWDER, ferrous sulfate, with the moisture control that mixes windrow within the specific limits, carry out compost fermentation and process, by aforesaid method, reduced the loss of High Temperature Composting of Livestock Manure Nitrogen During element.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 2, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process, wherein, specifically to adopt chicken manure be that example, auxiliary material adopt mushroom residue and rice bran as the composting material to feces of livestock and poultry in the present embodiment, describe, and utilized the box compost reactor of VTD-100 by the exploitation of resource and environment institute of China Agricultural University to carry out composting test, concrete methods of realizing is as follows:
Step 201: be that 74% chicken manure 170kg, water ratio are that 11% mushroom residue 80kg, water ratio are 8% rice bran 20kg with water ratio, mix, as mixing windrow, stir evenly with stirrer.
Wherein, the water ratio that mixes windrow is about 50%, and the mixing windrow that stirs is divided into 2 parts, and namely every part is 135kg.
Step 202: get the mixing windrow that a copy of it stirs, 675g SULPHUR POWDER and 1.48kg green vitriol (wherein, containing the 810g ferrous sulfate in the green vitriol) are added wherein, stir with stirrer, spray 675ml grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid when stirring.
Wherein, behind the spray, in the box compost reactor of the VTD-100 that packs into, every case dress windrow 45kg fills 3 casees altogether.
Wherein, for the beneficial effect of verifying that present method is obtained, the mixing windrow that another part stirred compares test, and concrete grammar sees following step for details.
Step 203: get another part wherein, add the substratum 675ml through sterilization, mix, in the box compost reactor of the VTD-100 that then packs into, every case dress windrow 45kg fills 3 casees (comparing) altogether.
Step 204: the box compost reactor of VTD-100 that amounts to 6 casees in step 202 and the step 203 is all carried out compost by identical reaction conditions.
Wherein, ventilation is 30L/min, and ventilation frequency is every interval 1h ventilation 6min; Every 48h stirs 6min, and wherein, mixing speed is 6.4r/min, carries out 28 days compost, and the result is referring to table 1.
Table 1 chicken manure aerobic compost sampling inspection results after 28 days
| Treatment process | Ammonium nitrogen content (mg/kg) | Nitrate nitrogen content (mg/kg) | Lixiviate attitude sulphur content (g/kg) | Total nitrogen content (%) |
| The method of the present embodiment | 1156.2 | 14.5 | 11.7 | 2.33 |
| The common compost method | 46.5 | 13.8 | 2.6 | 1.76 |
From table 1, can draw, the method of using the present embodiment can effectively reduce the ammonia loss by volatilization of chicken manure aerobic compost, improve the content of compost finished product ammonium nitrogen, the content of lixiviate attitude sulphur and the content of full nitrogen, by calculating, can draw and utilize that ammonium nitrogen content is about 23.8 times than ammonium nitrogen content increase in the common compost method in its compost of method that the present embodiment provides, and total nitrogen content improves than total nitrogen content in the common compost method and is about 32.4% in its compost of method of providing of the present embodiment.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process, wherein, specifically to adopt pig manure be that example, auxiliary material adopt the rice straw powder as the composting material to feces of livestock and poultry in the present embodiment, describe, and utilized the box compost reactor of VTD-100 by the exploitation of resource and environment institute of China Agricultural University to carry out composting test, concrete methods of realizing is as follows:
Step 301: be that 78% pig manure 160kg and water ratio are that 15% rice straw powder (wherein, is crushed to 1～2cm) 110kg with rice straw, mixes, as mixing windrow, stir evenly with stirrer with water ratio.
Wherein, the water ratio that mixes windrow is about 52%, and the mixing windrow that stirs is divided into 2 parts, and namely every part is 135kg.
Step 302: get the mixing windrow that a copy of it stirs, 550g SULPHUR POWDER and 1.10kg green vitriol (wherein, containing the 600g ferrous sulfate in the green vitriol) are added wherein, stir with stirrer, spray 550ml grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid mixes when stirring.
Wherein, after mixing, with the box compost reactor of its VTD-100 that packs into, every case dress windrow 45kg fills 3 casees altogether.
Wherein, for the beneficial effect of verifying that present method is obtained, the mixing windrow that another part stirred compares test, and concrete grammar sees following step for details.
Step 303: get another part wherein, add the substratum 550ml through sterilization, mix, the box compost reactor of the VTD-100 that then packs into, every case dress windrow 45kg fills 3 casees (comparing) altogether.
Step 304: the box compost reactor of VTD-100 that amounts to 6 casees in step 302 and the step 303 is all carried out compost by identical reaction conditions.
Wherein, ventilation is 30L/min, and ventilation frequency is every interval 1h ventilation 6min; Every 48h stirs 6min, and mixing speed is 6.4r/min, carries out 30 days compost, and the result is referring to table 2.
Table 2 Aerobic Compost of Pig Manure is sampling inspection results after 28 days
| Treatment process | Ammonium nitrogen content (mg/kg) | Nitrate nitrogen content (mg/kg) | Lixiviate attitude sulphur content (g/kg) | Total nitrogen content (%) |
| The present embodiment | 946.2 | 10.2 | 2.8 | 2.12 |
| Method | ||||
| Common compost | 37.5 | 11.5 | 10.4 | 1.70 |
As can be drawn from Table 2, the method of using the present embodiment can effectively reduce the ammonia loss by volatilization of pig manure rice straw aerobic compost, improve compost finished product ammonium nitrogen, lixiviate attitude sulphur and total nitrogen content, by calculating, can draw and utilize that ammonium nitrogen content is about 24 times than ammonium nitrogen content increase in the common compost method in its compost of method that the present embodiment provides, and total nitrogen content improves than total nitrogen content in the common compost method and is about 24.7% in its compost of method of providing of the present embodiment.
Embodiment 4
Referring to Fig. 4, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process, wherein, specifically to adopt the cow excrement be that example, auxiliary material adopt mushroom residue and rice bran as the composting material to feces of livestock and poultry in the present embodiment, describe, and utilized the box compost reactor of VTD-100 by the exploitation of resource and environment institute of China Agricultural University to carry out composting test, concrete methods of realizing is as follows:
Step 401: be that 78% pig manure 170kg, water ratio are that 15% mushroom residue 80kg, water ratio are that 8% rice bran 20kg mixes with water ratio, as mixing windrow, stir with stirrer.
Wherein, the water ratio that mixes windrow is about 54%, and the mixing windrow that stirs is divided into 2 parts, and namely every part is 135kg.
Step 402: get the mixing windrow that a copy of it stirs, 350g SULPHUR POWDER and 0.73kg green vitriol (wherein, containing the 400g ferrous sulfate in the green vitriol) are added wherein, stir with stirrer, spray 350ml grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid when stirring.
Wherein, behind the adding grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid, the box compost reactor of the VTD-100 that packs into, every case dress windrow 45kg fills 3 casees altogether.
Wherein, for the beneficial effect of verifying that present method is obtained, the mixing windrow that another part stirred compares test, and concrete grammar sees following step for details.
Step 403: get another part wherein, add the substratum 350ml through sterilization, mix, the box compost reactor of the VTD-100 that then packs into, every case dress windrow 45kg fills 3 casees (comparing) altogether.
Step 404: the box compost reactor of VTD-100 that amounts to 6 casees in step 402 and the step 403 is all carried out compost by identical reaction conditions.
Wherein, ventilation is 30L/min, and ventilation frequency is every interval 1h ventilation 6min; Every 48h stirs 6min, and mixing speed is 6.4r/min, carries out 30 days compost, and the result is referring to table 3.
Table 3 cow dung aerobic compost sampling inspection results after 28 days
| Treatment process | Ammonium nitrogen content (mg/kg) | Nitrate nitrogen content (mg/kg) | Lixiviate attitude sulphur content (g/kg) | Total nitrogen content (%) |
| The method of the present embodiment | 827.3 | 13.5 | 2.6 | 2.04 |
| Common compost | 43.6 | 31.2 | 7.5 | 1.68 |
As can be drawn from Table 3, the method of using the present embodiment can effectively reduce the ammonia loss by volatilization of cow dung mushroom residue aerobic compost, improve compost finished product ammonium nitrogen, lixiviate attitude sulphur and total nitrogen content, by calculating, can draw and utilize that ammonium nitrogen content is about 18 times than ammonium nitrogen content increase in the common compost method in its compost of method that the present embodiment provides, and total nitrogen content improves than total nitrogen content in the common compost method and is about 21.4% in its compost of method of providing of the present embodiment.
Embodiment 5
Referring to Fig. 5, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of reducing nitrogen loss during composting process, wherein, specifically to adopt chicken manure, cow excrement be that example, auxiliary material adopt mushroom residue and rice bran as the composting material to feces of livestock and poultry in the present embodiment, describe, mainly comprise the preparation of grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid and concrete processing condition, as follows:
Step 501: grate sulfur thiobacillus is seeded to the seed culture medium from slant medium, carries out shake-flask culture.
Wherein, the bottled nutrient solution 200ml of the triangle of 500ml, under 30 ℃ temperature condition, shaking speed 200r/min cultivated 3 days.
Wherein, the seed culture based component is: Na
2S
2O
35H
2O 5.0g/L, NH
4Cl 0.1g/L, Na
2HPO
40.2g/L, NaHCO
31.0g/L, MgCl
20.1g/L.
Step 502: at pack into the grate sulfur thiobacillus fermention medium of 5L of the automatic fermenter of 10L, inoculation grate sulfur thiobacillus seed culture fluid 200ml.
Wherein, 30 ℃ of culture temperature, stirring velocity 500r/min, air flow are 1.2vvm, fermentation time 4 days obtains grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid, and is for subsequent use.
Wherein, the composition of fermention medium is: Na
2HPO
43.2g/L, KH
2PO
41.8g/L, MgSO
47H
2O0.3g/L, (NH
4)
2SO
40.25g/L, CaCl
20.08g/L, MnSO
40.02g/L, FeCl
30.02g/L, Na
2S
2O
35H
2O 15.0g/L, S 5.0g/L.
Step 503: at pack into the grate sulfur thiobacillus fermention medium of 100L of the automatic fermenter (VTF-300L) of 300L.
Wherein, the composition of fermention medium is: Na
2HPO
43.2g/L, KH
2PO
41.8g/L, MgSO
47H
2O0.3g/L, (NH
4)
2SO
40.25g/L, CaCl
20.08g/L, MnSO
40.02g/L, FeCl
30.02g/L, Na
2S
2O
35H
2O 10.0g/L, S10.0g/L.Inoculation grate sulfur thiobacillus nutrient solution 5.0L, 30 ℃ of culture temperature, stirring velocity 150r/min, air flow are 1.2vvm, fermentation time 5 days obtains grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid, and is for subsequent use.
Wherein, step 503 is that the industrialization expansion of microbiobacterial agent is numerous, can obtain a large amount of microbial inoculum products.In actual applications, when a large amount of microbial inoculum of needs, need expand step by step numerously, the present embodiment does not limit this.
Step 504: be that 75% chicken manure 6000kg, water ratio are that 21% dry cow dung 1000kg, water ratio are that 25% mushroom residue 2000kg and water ratio are that 10% rice bran 1000kg mixes with water ratio, as mixing windrow, stir with stirrer.
Wherein, the water ratio that mixes windrow is about 51%, and the mixing windrow that stirs is divided into 2 parts, and namely every part is 5000kg.
Step 505: get the mixing windrow that a copy of it stirs, 25kg SULPHUR POWDER and 55kg green vitriol (wherein, the ferrous 30kg of sulfur acid in the green vitriol) are added wherein, stir spray 25kg grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid when stirring with stirrer.
Wherein, adopt bar to stamp composting mode and carry out compost, windrow is piled trapezoidal strip, pile high 0.6m, wide 1.2m, long 15.0m.
Step 506: get another part wherein, spray 25kg tap water mixes, and adopts bar to stamp composting mode and carries out conventional compost.
Wherein, with step 505 windrow is piled trapezoidal strip, pile high 0.6m, wide 1.2m, long 15.0m (comparing).
Step 507: with the windrow in the step 505 and the windrow in the step 506 pile good after, all cover the north material of black film, 10 days afterwards except the north material of black removal film.
Wherein, compost carried out 30 days altogether, carried out the turning oxygen supply with stack turner during compost, and front 10 days every turning in 2 days once, and every turning in 4 days once the result was referring to table 4 in rear 20 days.
Sampling inspection results behind the table 428 day
| Treatment process | Ammonium nitrogen content (mg/kg) | Total nitrogen content (%) |
| The method of the present embodiment | 986.2 | 2.28 |
| Common compost | 26.5 | 1.76 |
From table 4, can draw, the method of using the present embodiment can effectively reduce the ammonia loss by volatilization of animal dung During High-Temperature Composting, improve compost finished product ammonium nitrogen and total nitrogen content, improve the nutrient content of compost, can draw as calculated and utilize that ammonium nitrogen content is about 36 times than ammonium nitrogen content increase in the common compost method in its compost of method that the present embodiment provides, and total nitrogen content improves than total nitrogen content in the common compost method and is about 29.5% in its compost of method of providing of the present embodiment.
Wherein, the embodiment of the invention is used for the High Temperature Composting of Livestock Manure process with grate sulfur thiobacillus and elemental sulfur, the H that grate sulfur thiobacillus not only can produce composting process
2S is oxidized to elemental sulfur, also can further elemental sulfur be oxidized to vitriol (SO
4 2-), with the NH of solid windrow fermentation generation
4 +Generate (NH
4)
2SO
4, (NH
4)
2SO
4With FeSO
4Reaction generates stable ferrous ammonium sulphate double salt:
(NH
4)
2SO
4+FeSO
4+6H
2O＝(NH
4)
2SO
4·FeSO
4·6H
2O
The ferrous ammonium sulphate double salt that composting system produces mixes the generation compound organic and inorganic fertilizer naturally with the compost organism, and the compost finished product contains more NH
4 +And SO
4 2-, be conducive to the particularly growth of fruit and vegetables of crop.
In sum, the method that the embodiment of the invention provides is by adding a certain proportion of grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid, SULPHUR POWDER, ferrous sulfate, with the moisture control that mixes windrow within the specific limits, carrying out compost fermentation processes, not only reduce the ammonia of High Temperature Composting of Livestock Manure process generation and the stink that the hydrogen sulfide volatilization causes, and reduced nitrogen loss in the composting process, increased the available nutrient content of compost finished product; A kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that contains ferrous ammonium sulphate double salt of the final acquisition of the compost method that provides of the present invention has improved agricultural compost quality, is conducive to the absorption of farm crop.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the method for a reducing nitrogen loss during composting process is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Feces of livestock and poultry and auxiliary material are tentatively mixed, as composting material;
Add SULPHUR POWDER and ferrous sulfate according to described composting material weight, as mixing windrow, stir evenly described mixing windrow with stirrer;
Spray grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid in described mixing windrow whipping process; Wherein, described grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid is 0.3%～0.5% of described composting material weight;
When with the moisture control of described mixing windrow 50%～55% the time, carry out compost fermentation and process;
Described grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium solution preparation method is as follows:
Grate sulfur thiobacillus on the slant medium is seeded in the seed culture medium, carries out shake-flask culture;
Wherein, the volume of bottle is 500ml, the nutrient solution 200ml that in bottle, packs into, and culture temperature is 30 ℃, and shaking speed is 200r/min, and incubation time is 3 days;
In the automatic fermenter of 10L, pack into the grate sulfur thiobacillus fermention medium of 5L, inoculation grate sulfur thiobacillus seed culture fluid 200ml, culture temperature is 30 ℃, and stirring velocity is 500r/min, and air flow is 1.2vvm, and fermentation time is 4 days; Obtain described grate sulfur thiobacillus bacterium liquid.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, and is described according to described composting material weight interpolation SULPHUR POWDER and ferrous sulfate, specifically comprises:
Add 0.25%～0.50% SULPHUR POWDER of described composting material weight, described SULPHUR POWDER adopts 100 orders or the above industrial sulphur powder of 100 orders;
Add 0.3%～0.6% ferrous sulfate of described composting material weight, described ferrous sulfate is industrial green vitriol.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described auxiliary material specifically comprises: agricultural crop straw powder, mushroom residue, rice bran.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described grate sulfur thiobacillus fermention medium specifically comprises:
Na
2HPO
42.0～3.5g/L、KH
2PO
41.8g/L、MgSO
4·7H
2O 0.1～0.5g/L、(NH
4)
2SO
40.2～0.5g/L、CaCl
20.05～0.1g/L、MnSO
40.02～0.04g/L、FeCl
30.02～0.05g/L、Na2S
2O
3·5H
2O 10.0～15.0g/L、S 5.0～10.0g/L。
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also obtains a kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that contains ferrous ammonium sulphate double salt.
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| CN102030587B (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2013-06-12 | 中国农业大学 | Method and fixative for controlling nitrogen loss in composting process |
| CN103012020B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-08-13 | 四川省自然资源科学研究院 | Deodorized nitrogen-conserving agent and using method thereof |
| CN103204615B (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2014-06-04 | 罗炳 | Fermentation process of culturing excrement |
| CN104759201A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-08 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | High temperature composting nitrogen preserving deodorant and application thereof |
| CN105039235B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-09-25 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of domestication and culture method of grate sulfur thiobacillus applied to high temperature aerobic composting |
| CN106518197A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-22 | 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 | Staged control composting process |
| CN113929540A (en) * | 2021-12-04 | 2022-01-14 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Preparation method of special organic fertilizer for pepper |
| CN114907153A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for reducing abundance of sulfanilamide and beta-lactam resistance genes and intI1 in pig manure |
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