CN101601574A - 具有照相机附装件的喉镜 - Google Patents

具有照相机附装件的喉镜 Download PDF

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CN101601574A
CN101601574A CNA2009101515697A CN200910151569A CN101601574A CN 101601574 A CN101601574 A CN 101601574A CN A2009101515697 A CNA2009101515697 A CN A2009101515697A CN 200910151569 A CN200910151569 A CN 200910151569A CN 101601574 A CN101601574 A CN 101601574A
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马修·J·R·麦格拉思
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于实施内部检查的医疗器件，例如喉镜(1)。所述喉镜在刀片(3)内部的一沟槽(6)中设置有一照相机元件(7)。

Description

具有照相机附装件的喉镜
本发明专利申请是一件分案申请，原发明专利申请案的申请日为2004年4月29日，申请号为200480017460.X，以及发明名称为“具有照相机附装件的喉镜”。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于实施内部检查的医疗器件，具体而言，涉及包含有例如照相机等图像捕捉构件以协助插入一呼吸管的喉镜。
背景技术
插入呼吸管是外科手术前为麻醉师提供气道的过程中的一重要步骤。而且，在紧急情况下，护理人员或医生也往往需要将呼吸管插入不省人事的病人的气道内。插入呼吸管需要较高的技术，通常使用喉镜通过约束病人的舌头并从而能够清晰地观察喉部及气管入口来协助插入呼吸管。在实施这一步骤的过程中，需要很高的技术和格外的小心以避免损伤病人的牙齿及喉咙软组织。
专业医生在试图借助喉镜把管子插进病人喉内时，由于可能很难看到正在进行的情况，因而常常会出现问题。
数字显示，在大约12％的情况下，在插管期间(考虑到每年要实施超过4000万次插管，这会影响很多人)会造成创伤。而且，在20世纪80年代及90年代期间，在欧洲因插管能力低下而发生了2500例死亡(或大约每周3例)，而且在最近几年中，这些数字并未发生明显变化。气道问题仍然是与麻醉相关的死亡或永久性脑损伤的最常见原因。
人们已经开发出某些包含有一附装至刀片上的照相机元件的器件。不过，这已引起了有关此类喉镜在再使用前的清理问题。显然，为对病人使用喉镜，确信喉镜经过彻底清理且不存在病人之间交叉污染的危险非常重要。有证据显示，标准的清理程序对于清除喉镜上的例如细菌等污染物而言并非总是十分有效(JR Hall.′Bloodcontamination of equipment...(设备的血液污染)′Anaesthesia and Analgesia.1994；78：1136-9MD Ester，LC Baines，DJ Wilkinson & RM Langford.′Decontamination ofLaryngoscopes：a survey of national practice.(喉镜的净化：国家规范调查)′Anaesthesia，1999，54)。
通常，为清理喉镜，须对刀片进行浸泡和高压灭菌。握把可经过一类似的步骤，或可仅将其擦净，因为握把并不像刀片那样与病人接触。这种清理耗费大量的时间，这意味着需有大量的握把及刀片轮流使用以确保在需要时始终有清洁的喉镜可供使用。这就需要实施一既费时又昂贵的步骤。显然，在还有一照相机元件需要清理时，该清理步骤的难度显著增加，且此可导致明显的延迟及意味着高成本。这意味着包含有照相机元件的喉镜在实际中使用得很少。
为了尽力克服与使用喉镜及类似医疗器件相关的问题，人们已经提出或开发出多种替代器件产品。例如，可使用一次性刀片，但这些刀片可能缺乏强度并因其设计相对简单而只能实现最基本的气道开口。也可使用滑套于标准喉镜刀片上以用作防护件的保护鞘。其虽然有用，但用户可视需要来选择是否使用这种鞘。对用户而言，没有这种鞘的现有刀片用起来更好，因为这种鞘会使光输出失真，因此现有刀片使用得很少。
发明内容
本发明的较佳实施例力图对在现有技术中所述的产品加以改进。
在本申请案案中，术语“刀片”应自始至终在广义上理解为不仅涵盖喉镜刀片而且涵盖插入体腔内的诊视器或元件。
根据本发明的一第一方面，提供一种用于实施内部检查的医疗器件，其包括一本体部分及一刀片部分，其特征在于所述刀片部分包括一至少部分呈刚性的探测构件，所述探测构件至少部分透明且一沟槽部分地穿过其中，且其中在所述沟槽内设置有一图像捕捉构件。在一替代实施例中，在所述沟槽中可设置有一光源。如果需要，所述光源可与所述照相机元件相关联。
在此情况下，“刚性”应理解为在正常条件下提供足够的结构完整性以保持其自身形状。例如，除了塑料及金属等材料外，橡胶材料也能够保持其自身形状，但在受压(亦即，掉落或受踩踏)时具有一定的反抗力。
视需要，所述刚性探测构件整个为透明的。
较佳地，所述刚性探测构件的透明段的至少一部分形成一用于与所述图像捕捉构件一起使用的透镜。
视需要，可使用透镜通过所述刀片的一弯曲或斜角部分传送图像及/或光。
视需要，可使用反射构件通过所述刀片的一弯曲或斜角部分传送图像及/或光。
较佳地，所述刚性探测构件具有一抹刀形状。
较佳地，所述图像捕捉构件为一照相机。
视需要，所述图像捕捉构件为一能传输图像的光缆。
较佳地，所述用于实施内部检查的医疗器件为一喉镜。
较佳地，一光源设置于所述沟槽内。
视需要，一加固元件设置于所述沟槽中。
较佳地，所述加固元件呈一可具有任一适当剖面的钢棒的形式。
较佳地，所述本体段设置有一用于显示由所述图像捕捉构件所捕捉的图像及任何其他信息的屏幕。
较佳地，数据及功率在所述本体元件与所述刀片元件之间以无线方式传送。
较佳地，数据及功率通过存在于所述本体元件及所述刀片元件二者上的接触点在所述本体元件与所述刀片元件之间传送。
另一选择为，数据通过光学传送构件在所述本体元件与所述刀片元件之间传送。
另一选择为，数据通过射频传送构件在所述本体元件与所述刀片元件之间传送。
根据本发明的一第二方面，提供一种与医疗器件一起用于内部检查的刚性探测构件，其特征在于所述刚性探测构件至少部分透明且具有一部分地通过其延伸的沟槽。
较佳地，所述沟槽沿一纵向方向延伸。
视需要，所述刚性探测构件整个为透明的。
较佳地，所述刚性探测构件的至少一部分形成一透镜。
较佳地，所述刚性探测构件具有一抹刀形状。
附图说明
为更好地了解本发明，现在将仅以举例方式参照下列图式来阐述各实施例，其中：
图1显示一根据本发明一实施例的喉镜的图式；
图2显示一根据本发明另一实施例的喉镜的图式；及
图3显示一根据本发明一实施例的接触条的图式。
具体实施方式
在本发明的较佳实施例中，该医疗器件为一可用于插入呼吸管的喉镜。
提供一种具有一本体2及一一次性刀片3的喉镜1。在该较佳实施例中，如图1所示，刀片3由一具有抹刀形状的刚性探测构件3a构成。刚性探测构件3a具有一内部沟槽6，内部沟槽6具有一插入其中的照相机元件，以使照相机元件7不与病人接触。照相机元件7为细长形状，且具有任一适当的剖面。照相机元件7的未插入沟槽6内的端部附接至本体段2。由于刚性探测构件3a像一套一样套在照相机元件7上，因此照相机元件7在检查过程中不会与病人接触。这意味着已插入沟槽6内的照相机元件7可以再使用，而刚性探测构件3a(其形成外层)则可丢弃。
在一替代实施例中，如图2所示，刚性探测构件3a覆盖该照相机元件的更长的长度并直接附接至喉镜1的本体段2。
在该较佳实施例中，刚性探测构件3a由例如塑料或塑胶玻璃等透明材料制成。如果需要增加强度，可将一加固构件5插入刚性探测构件3a内的沟槽6内-或者作为一可在使用后随同刚性探测构件3a一起丢弃的整体组成元件，或者作为一可视需要附接至喉镜1的本体2的可重复使用元件，以使其可插入将使用的下一个刚性探测构件3a。
沟槽6也可用来容纳一光源，该光源可插入刚性探测构件3a中心处的沟槽6内，以便专业医生能够看到气管，从而帮助定位呼吸管。运行照相机或光的电气组件可容纳于喉镜1的本体2中或喉镜1的外部，而相关部件可仅在需要时滑入和滑出沟槽6和刀片3。这同样意味着可丢弃刀片3，而保留昂贵的照明或照相机元件7以供进一步使用，且照明或照相机元件7未与病人接触。
为了使刀片3与主体2能够轻易地分离，数据以无线方式在照相机元件7与主体2之间传送，主体2包含与照相机元件7相关的电气组件。无线传送较佳通过呈接触条8形式的接触点进行，但也可通过光学数据传送方法或射频数据传送方法进行。这样使用无线数据传送就不需要在主体2与刀片3之间使用跨接引线，否则跨接引线会使清理更加困难并可导致喉镜1使用起来很笨拙。
接触点较佳呈导电接触条8的形式。在该较佳实施例中，条8部分地形成于照相机元件7上且部分地形成于刚性探测构件3a上，以便当照相机元件7插入刚性探测构件3a内时，条8a与条8b相接触，从而形成连续条8。在通常情况下，将有4条接触条8-两条用于传送数据，两条用于传送功率(图3)。包含用于运行照相机元件7的电气组件的本体2也设置有接触点，且这些接触点通常呈可伸缩轴承9或可伸缩插脚或其他受到弹性偏置的接触构件的形式。
这些轴承或插脚也可用作一将刀片固定就位的夹持方法。相应的棘齿型轨道(较佳导电)使人们能够对刀片的长度加以调整。
为使照相机元件7小型化，刚性探测构件3a的透明段的至少一部分形成一透镜4，以便照相机元件7自身不需要透镜，而是可简单地滑进刀片3的沟槽6内。刀片3上的透镜4由此用作照相机元件7的透镜4。这样将透镜4包含于一次性刚性探测构件3a中意味着照相机元件7可小于通常可实现的此类元件，从而使其特别适合用于例如喉镜1等医疗器件中。
作为刀片3一部分的刚性探测构件3a的可弃性的好处之一在于，不会存在病人的交叉污染，而且不需要冗长的清理程序。不过，为了进一步确保刀片3不再重新使用，可在刀片3与喉镜1的本体2之间包括一损坏机理。这种损坏机理可采用在刀片3与本体2分开时使电气连接线断开的形式，以便如果重新连接相同的刀片3与本体2时，不向插入刀片3的沟槽6内的任何构件供电。另一选择为，刀片3可包括能够固定到喉镜1的本体2中的凹陷内的凸起，以便在刀片3移离本体2时这些凸起折断，从而使刀片3此后不能再使用。
可见，本发明具有许多优于现有技术的优点及多种可能的用途。虽然上述各实例是涉及一喉镜，但能够看出，此概念可扩展至其他医疗或兽医器件，此仍属于本发明的范围内。刀片为完全一次性的事实也非常重要，因为这意味着要求专业医生更换刀片且产品既使用简单又造价低廉。
所属领域的技术人员应了解，本文对上述实施例的说明仅为举例说明，而决非具有限定意义，且可存在各种变动和修改，此并不背离由随附权利要求书所界定的本发明的范围。

Claims (23)

1、一种用于实施内部检查的医疗器件，其包括一本体部分及一刀片部分，其特征在于所述刀片部分包括一至少部分地呈刚性的探测构件，所述探测构件至少部分透明且一沟槽部分地通过其延伸。
2、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中一图像捕捉构件设置于所述沟槽内。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的医疗器件，其中所述刚性探测构件整个为透明的。
4、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中所述刚性探测构件的所述透明段的至少一部分形成一用于与所述图像捕捉构件一起使用的透镜。
5、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中所述刚性探测构件具有一抺刀形状。
6、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中所述图像捕捉构件为一照相机。
7、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中所述图像捕捉构件为一能够传输一图像的光缆。
8、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中所述医疗器件为一喉镜。
9、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中一光源设置于所述沟槽中。
10、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中一加固元件设置于所述沟槽中。
11、如权利要求10所述的医疗器件，其中所述加固元件呈一钢棒形式。
12、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中所述本体段设置有一用于显示由所述图像捕捉构件所捕捉的所述图像及任何其他信息的屏幕。
13、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中数据以无线方式在所述本体元件与所述刀片元件之间传送。
14、如权利要求13所述的医疗器件，其中数据通过存在于所述本体元件与所述刀片元件二者上的接触点在所述本体元件与所述刀片元件之间传送。
15、如权利要求13所述的医疗器件，其中数据通过光学传送构件在所述本体元件与所述刀片元件之间传送。
16、如权利要求13所述的医疗器件，其中数据通过射频传送构件在所述本体元件与所述刀片元件之间传送。
17、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中使用透镜经由所述刀片的一弯曲或斜角部分传送图像及/或光。
18、如权利要求1所述的医疗器件，其中使用反射构件经由所述刀片的一弯曲或斜角部分传送图像及/或光。
19、一种与医疗器件一起用于内部检查的刚性探测构件，其特征在于所述刚性探测构件至少部分地透明并具有一部分地通过其延伸的沟槽。
20、如权利要求19所述的刚性探测构件，其中所述沟槽沿一纵向方向延伸。
21、如权利要求19所述的刚性探测构件，其中所述刚性探测构件整个为透明的。
22、如权利要求19所述的刚性探测构件，其中所述刚性探测构件的至少一部分形成一透镜。
23、如权利要求19所述的刚性探测构件，其中所述刚性探测构件具有一抺刀形状。
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