CN101585004A - 蜂窝结构体 - Google Patents
蜂窝结构体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101585004A CN101585004A CNA200910136946XA CN200910136946A CN101585004A CN 101585004 A CN101585004 A CN 101585004A CN A200910136946X A CNA200910136946X A CN A200910136946XA CN 200910136946 A CN200910136946 A CN 200910136946A CN 101585004 A CN101585004 A CN 101585004A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- honeycomb structured
- structured body
- scope
- zeolite
- cellular unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;borate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OQRWAMBQGTYSRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium;oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[K+].[K+].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4] OQRWAMBQGTYSRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 modenite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035568 catharsis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供一种蜂窝结构体,其具有良好的强度和催化剂担载性能。该蜂窝结构体具有包含沸石和无机粘结剂且具有蜂窝形状的蜂窝单元,在以孔道壁的细孔径为横轴、log微分细孔容积为纵轴的细孔分布曲线中,蜂窝单元在细孔径0.006μm~0.06μm的范围内具有一个以上log微分细孔容积的峰值,在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内具有一个以上log微分细孔容积的峰,在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内,与该范围内的细孔容量的log微分细孔容积的峰中的log微分细孔容积的峰值最大的峰相对应的细孔径±0.03μm的范围内的细孔的容积是在所述范围内的细孔的细孔容积的60~95%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种蜂窝结构体。
背景技术
关于汽车废气的净化,已经开发了很多技术,但由于交通量也在增加,因此还很难说已经采取了充分的对付废气的方法。无论在日本国内还是在世界范围内,都在进一步加强对汽车废气的控制。其中,对于柴油废气中的NOx的控制要求,正在变得非常严格。以往,通过控制发动机的燃烧系统来谋求减少NOx,但仅此不能完全对付废气。作为对应于这种课题的柴油NOx净化系统,已经提出了一种将氨作为还原剂来使用的NOx还原系统(被称作SCR(选择性催化还原)系统)。
作为应用于这种系统的催化剂载体,众所周知的有专利文献1(国际公开第2005/063653号小册子)中公开的蜂窝结构体。该蜂窝结构体通过组合蜂窝单元而构成,并作为车载用催化剂担载体而提高强度。其中,所述蜂窝单元通过混合γ氧化铝(γ-alumina)、二氧化铈(ceria)、氧化锆(zirconia)、沸石(zeolite)等、以及用于强化这些材料的无机纤维和无机粘结剂,被成型为蜂窝形状后进行烧成而制得。
并且,专利文献2(国际公开第2006/070540号小册子)中公开了一种作为车载用催化剂担载体的蜂窝结构体,为了增大NOx吸附材料或催化剂成分与废气之间的接触面积,该蜂窝结构体具有分别在被称作微孔的0.006~0.01μm的范围和被称作大孔的0.05~150μm的范围存在峰值的细孔分布的结构。
在专利文献1中公开的蜂窝结构体中,当使用沸石作为主原料进行成型、烧成而制作蜂窝单元时,如果特别增加沸石,则有时不能充分地确保蜂窝单元的强度。因此,由这种蜂窝单元制作的蜂窝结构体存在有时不能维持作为汽车废气用的NOx净化催化剂担载体的功能的问题。
在专利文献2中公开的蜂窝结构体中,如果细孔分布中的各峰值变宽(broad),则不能发挥充分的强度,最终导致是否能应用于汽车废气用的NOx净化催化剂担载体也会成为问题。
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述问题而提出的,其目的在于提供一种蜂窝结构体,该蜂窝结构体具有即使被用作汽车废气净化催化剂的担载体而搭载在车辆上也能发挥功能的强度和催化剂担载性能。
解决本发明的课题的技术手段如下。
本发明的蜂窝结构体具有蜂窝单元,该蜂窝单元包含沸石和无机粘结剂,且具有沿着长度方向从一侧端面延伸至另一侧端面的多个孔道被孔道壁隔开而形成的形状,其特征在于,所述蜂窝单元在以孔道壁的细孔径(μm)为横轴、以log微分细孔容量(cm3/g)为纵轴的细孔分布曲线中,在细孔径0.006~0.06μm的范围内具有一个以上log微分细孔容量的峰值,在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内具有一个以上细孔容量的峰,在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内,与所述大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的log微分细孔容量的峰中的最大峰值所表示的峰相对应的细孔径±0.03μm的范围内的细孔的容积是在大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的细孔的容积的60~95%。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,在所述大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的log微分细孔容量的峰值在大于0.06μm并小于等于0.1μm的范围内。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述沸石包含β型沸石、Y型沸石、镁碱沸石、ZSM-5型沸石、丝光沸石、八面沸石、A型沸石或L型沸石。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,在所述沸石中,二氧化硅与氧化铝的摩尔比(二氧化硅/氧化铝之比)在1~100的范围内。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,在每一升表观体积的所述蜂窝单元中,所述沸石的含量在230~700g的范围内。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,在所述蜂窝单元中,沸石含有率在60~80质量%的范围内。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述沸石包含二次粒子,所述二次粒子的平均粒径在0.5~10μm的范围内。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述沸石使用Cu、Fe、Ni、Zn、Mn、Co、Ag或V进行了离子交换。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述蜂窝单元还包含无机纤维。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述无机纤维至少包含氧化铝纤维、二氧化硅纤维、碳化硅纤维、硅铝纤维、玻璃纤维、钛酸钾纤维和硼酸铝纤维中的任意一种纤维。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述无机粘结剂至少包含氧化铝溶胶、二氧化硅溶胶、二氧化钛溶胶、水玻璃、海泡石溶胶和绿坡缕石溶胶中的任意一种物质。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述蜂窝单元的开口率在40~80%的范围内。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述孔道壁的厚度在0.1~0.5mm的范围内。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述孔道壁上担载有催化剂成分。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述催化剂成分为贵金属、碱金属化合物或碱土类金属化合物。
最佳的本发明的所述蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,多个所述蜂窝单元通过粘结材料而结合在一起。
根据本发明可以提供一种蜂窝结构体,该蜂窝结构体具有即使被用作汽车废气净化催化剂的担载体而搭载在车辆上也能发挥功能的强度和催化剂担载性能。
附图说明
图1(a)、1(b)为本发明的蜂窝结构体的立体图,其中,图1(a)表示由多个蜂窝单元构成的蜂窝结构体,图1(b)表示由一个蜂窝单元构成的蜂窝结构体。
图2为构成图1(a)的蜂窝结构体的蜂窝单元的立体图。
图3为表示实施例1中的蜂窝单元的隔壁的细孔分布曲线。
图4为表示实施例及比较例中的蜂窝单元的大孔的锐化度与弯曲强度之间的关系的曲线图。
主要符号说明:
1为蜂窝结构体,2为蜂窝单元,3为孔道,4为孔道壁,5为粘结材料,6为涂布材料层。
具体实施方式
在现有的蜂窝结构体中,研究了使用沸石作为主原料的蜂窝结构体的强度变低的原因,研究认为是因为脱水缩合反应而引起的沸石颗粒的结合没有充分进行而导致的。换句话说,沸石颗粒与氧化铝等无机氧化物原料相比,羟基的含量少,是一种难以为了得到强度而进行充分的脱水结合反应的原料。
因此,研究了一种即使将沸石作为主原料,也能保持作为蜂窝结构体的强度的方法。对于提高强度而言,较有效的方法为增加微细粒子之间的接触面积或实现微细粒子之间的均匀接触。微细粒子之间的接触面积或微细粒子之间的均匀的接触最终表现在孔道壁的细孔分布上。因此,发明人研究了蜂窝单元中的孔道壁细孔分布,发现了作为蜂窝单元具有优异的强度的蜂窝结构体,完成了本发明。
本发明的蜂窝结构体具有一个或多个蜂窝单元,该蜂窝单元为具有沿着长度方向从一侧端面延伸至另一侧端面的多个孔道被孔道壁隔开而形成的形状的烧成体。图1(a)中示出蜂窝结构体的一个例子的立体图。图1(a)中示出的蜂窝结构体1由多个蜂窝单元2借助粘结材料5结合而构成。各蜂窝单元2中,孔道3以沿着蜂窝单元的长度方向平行排列的方式形成。图1(b)中示出蜂窝结构体的另一个例子的立体图。图1(b)中示出的蜂窝结构体1是由一个蜂窝单元2构成的例子。如此,蜂窝结构体1可以由一个蜂窝单元2构成,也可以由多个蜂窝单元2构成。在此,为了保持强度,在蜂窝结构体1的侧面(孔道没有开口的面)最好覆盖由涂布层构成的外壁6。如图2的立体图所示,构成蜂窝结构体1的蜂窝单元2具有沿蜂窝单元2的长度方向延伸的多个孔道3,并由隔开各孔道3的孔道壁4构成蜂窝单元2。
(蜂窝单元的孔道壁的细孔结构)
就本发明所提供的蜂窝单元而言,在以孔道壁的细孔径(μm)为横轴、以log微分细孔容量(cm3/g)为纵轴的细孔分布曲线中,在细孔径0.006~0.06μm的范围内具有一个以上的log微分细孔容量的峰值,在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内具有一个以上的log微分细孔容量的峰值,在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内,在大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的log微分细孔容量的峰值中,与最大峰值所表示的峰所对应的细孔径±0.03μm的范围内的细孔的容积是在大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的细孔的容积的60~95%。最佳地,就本发明所提供的蜂窝单元而言,在大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的log微分细孔容量的峰值最好在大于0.06μm并小于等于0.1μm的范围内。
通常,当对沸石和无机颗粒等进行烧成而制造催化剂担载体或催化剂时,烧成体上形成有主要由一次粒子形成的大约0.06μm以下的细孔径的微孔和主要由二次粒子之间进行结合时产生的间隙而形成的大约0.06μm以上的细孔径的大孔(下面,将孔道壁中的细孔径0.006~0.06μm范围内的细孔称为微孔,将大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的细孔称为大孔)。
就净化性能而言,催化剂材料的量、将成为反应场所的微孔与使废气浸透到孔道壁内部的大孔之间平衡较重要。在保持该净化性能的基础上,在原料中混合无机纤维是保持蜂窝单元的强度的一种应对方法。但是,一般无机纤维虽然有助于强度的提高,但对废气的净化性能并不起作用。通过调整烧成体的细孔分布,制作出强度增强的蜂窝单元,并使用该蜂窝单元可以制作出本发明的蜂窝结构体。
蜂窝单元的大孔的锐化度最好在60~95%的范围内。通过将蜂窝单元的大孔的锐化度设定在60~95%的范围内,从而可以提高蜂窝单元的强度。
(烧成体原料)
本发明中的蜂窝单元最好包含沸石和无机粘结剂,可以进一步包含无机纤维。
下面,对构成蜂窝单元的各组合物及其原料进行说明。
(沸石)
沸石通过无机粘结剂而结合在一起。由于沸石作为NOx净化催化剂还具有对氨气的吸附作用,因此作为尿素SCR系统中的废气中的NOx净化催化剂,是本发明的蜂窝结构体中必需的物质。沸石可以使用任何一种沸石,只要具有所期望的催化作用和对氨气的吸附作用即可。作为沸石,例如有β型沸石、Y型沸石、镁碱沸石(ferrierite)、ZSM-5型沸石、丝光沸石(mordenite)、八面沸石(faujasite)、A型沸石(zeolite A)和L型沸石(zeolite L)等。并且,可以使用事先进行离子交换的沸石,或者也可以在形成蜂窝单元之后进行离子交换。作为离子交换沸石,最好使用例如由Cu、Fe、Ni、Zn、Mn、Co、Ag及V中的至少一种金属种进行离子交换的沸石。这些沸石,可以使用一种或多种。
作为沸石,二氧化硅和氧化铝的摩尔比(二氧化硅/氧化铝之比)最好在1~100的范围内。沸石的二氧化硅/氧化铝之比是对沸石的酸度即反应分子的吸附或反应性产生影响的因素,根据用途具有适当的范围。
蜂窝单元中单位表观体积的蜂窝单元的沸石含量最好在230~700g/L的范围内。从其它方面考虑,蜂窝单元中的沸石的含有率最好在60~80质量%。由于沸石具有催化剂作用和吸附作用,因此在蜂窝单元中的含量越多,越能发挥催化剂作用和吸附作用,因此优选在蜂窝单元中的沸石含量多。但是,如果只增加沸石含量,则不得不减少其它构成物质(例如,无机纤维或无机粘结剂)的含量,这导致作为烧成体的蜂窝单元的强度降低。
沸石最好包含二次粒子,沸石的二次粒子的平均粒径最好在0.5~10μm的范围内。在此,二次粒子的平均粒径可以使用沸石颗粒进行测量,该沸石颗粒是通过烧成而制成蜂窝单元之前的、形成了二次粒子的颗粒状的原料。
(无机粘结剂)
作为无机粘结剂,例如有无机溶胶(inorganic sol)或粘土系粘结剂(clay binder)等。其中,作为无机溶胶,例如有氧化铝溶胶(aluminasol)、二氧化硅溶胶(silica sol)、二氧化钛溶胶(titania sol)、海泡石溶胶(sepiolite sol)、绿坡缕石溶胶(attapulgite sol)和水玻璃(liquid glass)等。作为粘土系粘结剂,例如有白土(terra alba)、高岭土(kaolin)、蒙脱土(montmonrillonite)、复链结构型粘土(multiple chain structure clay)(海泡石、绿坡缕石)等。这些无机溶胶或粘土系粘结剂可以使用一种或混合两种以上来使用。包含在蜂窝单元中的无机粘结剂的量,以包含在蜂窝单元中的固体成分计最好在5~30重量%的范围内,优选在10~20重量%的范围内。当无机粘结剂的含量超出5~30重量%的范围时,蜂窝单元的成型性会下降。
(无机纤维)
在本发明的蜂窝结构体中,可以在蜂窝单元中包含无机纤维。对包含在蜂窝单元中的无机纤维没有进行特殊限制,例如有从氧化铝纤维、二氧化硅纤维、碳化硅纤维、硅铝纤维、玻璃纤维、钛酸钾纤维和硼酸铝纤维中选择的一种或两种以上无机纤维。这些无机纤维可以在原料阶段与沸石和无机粘结剂进行混合,经成型和烧成而成为蜂窝单元。无机纤维与无机粘结剂和沸石等一起形成纤维增强烧成物,提高蜂窝单元的强度。需要说明的是,作为无机纤维,除了长纤维以外,还可以包含诸如晶须(whisker)的短纤维。
无机纤维是具有大长径比(纤维长度/纤维直径)的无机材料,对弯曲强度的提高特别有效。无机纤维的长径比最好在2~1000的范围内,优选在5~800的范围内,更优选在10~500的范围内。当无机纤维的长径比未满2时,对增强蜂窝单元的强度所起的作用较小,当无机纤维的长径比超过1000时,在成型蜂窝单元时,有时容易在成型用模具中引起网眼堵塞等,导致成型性下降。并且,在进行挤压成型等成型时,有时会导致无机纤维被折断,长度出现不齐,从而蜂窝单元的强度下降。这里,当无机纤维的长径比分布不均时,可以取其平均值。
包含在蜂窝单元中的无机纤维的含量最好在3~50质量%的范围内,优选在3~30质量%的范围内,更优选在5~20质量%的范围内。当无机纤维的含量未满3质量%时,蜂窝结构体的强度会下降,当无机纤维的含量超过50质量%时,因为起到NOx净化作用的沸石的量相对减少,因此导致NOx净化性能下降。
(无机颗粒)
在本发明的蜂窝结构体中,蜂窝单元可以包含沸石颗粒以外的无机颗粒。无机颗粒有助于提高蜂窝单元的强度。在本发明的蜂窝结构体中,对包含在蜂窝单元中的无机颗粒并没有特殊限制,例如可以使用氧化铝、二氧化硅、氧化锆、二氧化钛、二氧化铈、莫来石(mullite)以及这些物质的前躯体,最好使用氧化铝或氧化锆,作为氧化铝可以适当地使用γ氧化铝或软水铝石(boehmite)。在此,可以包含一种或两种以上这些无机颗粒。
本发明的蜂窝单元中的无机颗粒在烧成之前的原料无机颗粒的阶段存在羟基,正如可以在工业上利用的大多数无机化合物颗粒一样,不管是在本发明的蜂窝单元中的烧成之前的原料无机颗粒中,还是在原料沸石颗粒中,都存在羟基。在通过烧成而制成蜂窝单元时,这些羟基引起脱水缩合反应,具有加强颗粒间的结合的作用。尤其,以氧化铝颗粒为首的原料无机颗粒通过烧成时的脱水缩合反应被牢固地结合。
在本发明的蜂窝结构体中,作为原料而使用的、沸石以外的无机颗粒的二次粒子的平均粒径最好在沸石的二次粒子的平均粒径以下。尤其,沸石以外的无机颗粒的平均粒径最好为沸石的平均粒径的1/10~1/1。据此,可以通过平均粒径小的无机颗粒的结合力来提高蜂窝单元的强度。
包含在蜂窝单元中的沸石以外的无机颗粒的含量最好在3~30质量%的范围内,优选在5~20质量%的范围内。当沸石以外的无机颗粒的含量未满3质量%时,对强度的增加所起的作用小。当沸石以外的无机颗粒的含量超过30质量%时,由于有助于NOx净化的沸石的含量相对减少,因此导致NOx净化性能下降。
(催化剂成分)
在本发明的蜂窝结构体的蜂窝单元的孔道壁上可以进一步担载催化剂成分。对于催化剂成分没有特殊限制,例如可以是贵金属、碱金属化合物、碱土类金属化合物等的物质。作为贵金属,例如有从铂、钯和铑中选择的一种或两种以上物质;作为碱金属化合物,例如有从钾、钠等中选择的一种或两种以上化合物;作为碱土类金属化合物,例如有钡等的化合物。
(蜂窝结构体)
在本发明的蜂窝结构体中,蜂窝单元的垂直于孔道的长度方向的面(仅称作截面,下同)可以形成为正方形、长方形、六边形或扇形。
图1(a)、1(b)表示蜂窝单元的一个例子。蜂窝单元2从左前侧朝向右后侧具有多个孔道3,对隔开孔道3的孔道壁4的厚度没有进行特殊限制,最好在0.10~0.50mm的范围内,优选在0.15~0.35mm的范围内。当孔道壁4的厚度未满0.10mm时,蜂窝单元的强度会下降,当孔道壁4的厚度超过0.50mm时,因为废气难以渗入到孔道壁内部,因此导致净化性能下降。并且,在蜂窝单元的垂直于孔道的截面中,孔道的面积比率即开口率最好在40~80%的范围内。因为要兼顾不使压力损失变大和确保作为催化剂成分的担载体的孔道壁的量,因此最好使开口率在40~80%的范围内。
蜂窝单元的单位截面面积的孔道的数量最好在15.5~93个/cm2(100~600cpsi)的范围内,优选在31~77.5个/cm2(200~500cpsi)的范围内。
对形成在蜂窝单元中的孔道3的截面形状没有进行特殊限制。虽然图2中示出了具有正方形的孔道3截面的例子,但是可以将孔道3截面形成为近三角形、近六边形和圆形。
(蜂窝单元的制造)
下面对本发明的蜂窝结构体中的蜂窝单元的制造方法的一个例子进行说明。首先,制作作为主成分而包含上述沸石及无机粘结剂的原料浆,通过挤压成型等将其制作为蜂窝单元成型体。在该原料浆中,除了上述物质之外,还可以适当地包含上述无机纤维、无机颗粒、有机粘结剂、分散介质以及成型助剂等。对有机粘结剂没有进行特殊限制,例如可以是从甲基纤维素(methylcellulose)、羧甲基纤维素(carboxymethylcellulose)、羟乙基纤维素(hydroxyethylcellulose)、聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol)、酚醛树脂(phenolic resin)和环氧树脂(epoxy resin)等中选择的一种或两种以上有机粘结剂。相对于原料整体的固体成分的合计100质量份,有机结合剂的混合量最好为1~10质量份。对分散介质没有进行特殊限制,例如可以有水、有机溶剂(甲苯等)和醇(甲醇等)等。对成型助剂没有进行特殊限制,例如可以有乙二醇、糊精(dextrin)、脂肪酸皂(fatty acid soap)及多元醇(polyalcohol)等。
对于原料浆没有特殊限制,最好进行混合和混炼,例如可以使用搅拌机(mixer)或磨碎机(attritor)等进行混合,也可以使用捏合机(kneader)等充分地进行混炼。对原料浆进行成型的方法并没有特殊限制,例如最好通过挤压成型等,将原料浆成型为具有孔道的形状。
然后,对所得到的蜂窝单元成型体进行干燥。对用于干燥的干燥装置没有进行特殊限制,可以使用微波干燥装置、热风干燥装置、高频烘干装置、减压干燥装置、真空干燥装置和冷冻干燥装置等。对进行干燥的成型体最好进行脱脂。对脱脂条件没有进行特殊限制,根据成型体中所包含的有机物的种类和量来适当地进行选择,最好在约400℃脱脂2小时左右。并且,对进行干燥、脱脂后的蜂窝单元成型体进行烧成。对烧成条件没有进行特殊限制,最好在600~1200℃的范围内,优选在600~1000℃的范围内。当烧成温度未满600℃时,有时不能进行烧结,从而不能加强蜂窝单元的强度。当烧成温度大于1200℃时,会破坏沸石结晶或过度烧结而不能制作多孔质的蜂窝单元。
(蜂窝结构体的制造)
下面说明由多个蜂窝单元构成的蜂窝结构体的制造方法。在由上述方法所得到的蜂窝单元的侧面涂布粘结材料后依次进行结合。对所结合的蜂窝单元的接合体进行干燥固化,制造出预定大小的蜂窝单元接合体。对蜂窝单元接合体的侧面进行切削加工而制作为所期望的形状。
对粘结材料没有进行特殊限制,例如可以使用在无机粘结剂中混合无机颗粒的物质、在无机粘结剂中混合无机纤维的物质或在无机粘结剂中混合无机颗粒和无机纤维的物质等。并且,还可以在这些粘结材料中添加有机粘结剂。对有机粘结剂没有进行特殊限制,例如可以是从聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol)、甲基纤维素(methylcellulose)、乙基纤维素(ethylcellulose)和羧甲基纤维素(carboxymethylcellulose)等中选择的一种或两种以上有机粘结剂。
将多个蜂窝单元接合起来的粘结材料层的厚度最好在0.5~2mm的范围内。所接合的蜂窝单元的数量可以根据蜂窝结构体的大小而适当地进行选择。并且,通过粘结材料接合了蜂窝单元的蜂窝接合体,可以根据蜂窝结构体的形状适当地进行切削、研磨等。
然后,在蜂窝结构体的贯通孔没有开口的外周面涂布涂布材料后进行干燥固化,以形成涂布材料层。通过该工序,可以保护蜂窝结构体的外周面而提高强度。对涂布材料没有进行特殊限制,可以使用与粘结材料相同的材料,也可以使用不同的材料。并且,涂布材料可以采用与粘结材料相同的混合比,也可以采用不同的混合比。对涂布材料层的厚度没有进行特殊限制,最好在0.1~2mm的范围内。在蜂窝结构体中,可以形成涂布材料层,也可以不形成涂布材料层。
由粘结材料接合多个蜂窝单元之后,最好进行加热处理。当设有涂布材料层时,最好在形成粘结材料层和涂布材料层之后进行脱脂处理。当粘结材料层或涂布材料层中包含有机粘结剂等时,通过脱脂处理可以脱脂而除去有机粘结剂。脱脂条件可以根据所包含的有机物种类和量来适当地进行选择,最好为约700℃、2个小时左右。
作为蜂窝结构体的一个例子,图1(a)中示出接合了截面为正方形且形成为长方体的多个蜂窝单元2并将外形形成为圆柱状的蜂窝结构体1的概念图。该蜂窝结构体1通过粘结材料5结合蜂窝单元2,然后将外周部切削成圆柱状之后由涂布材料形成了涂布材料层6。在此,例如可以制作截面为扇形和正方形的形状的蜂窝单元2,然后通过接合这些蜂窝单元而形成预定形状的蜂窝结构体,以此可以省略切削、研磨工序。
下面说明由一个蜂窝单元构成的蜂窝结构体的制造方法。根据与上述的由多个蜂窝单元构成的蜂窝结构体的制造方法相同的方法,将蜂窝单元形成为圆柱状,并在其外周部形成涂布材料层。据此,可以制作出如图1(b)所示的由一个蜂窝单元构成的蜂窝结构体。
[实施例]
下面说明在各种条件下制作的蜂窝结构体的实施例,但本发明并不限定于这些实施例。
(实施例1)
(蜂窝单元的制作)
添加并混合2250质量份的沸石颗粒(Fe离子交换的β型沸石、二氧化硅/氧化铝之比40、比表面积110m2/g、平均粒径2μm(平均粒径为二次粒子的平均粒径,下同))、680质量份的氧化铝纤维(平均纤维直径6μm、平均纤维长度100μm)、2600质量份的氧化铝溶胶(固体浓度为20质量%)、作为有机粘结剂的320质量份的甲基纤维素。并且,添加少量的增塑剂、表面活性剂以及润滑剂,一边加水调整粘度,一边进行混合、混炼,得到成型用混合组合物。然后,通过挤压成形机对该混合组合物进行挤压成型,得到蜂窝成型体毛坯。
使用微波干燥装置及热风干燥装置对所得到的蜂窝成型体毛坯进行充分干燥,在400℃条件下进行脱脂2小时。然后,在700℃保持2小时进行烧成,制作出方柱状(截面35mm×35mm×长度150mm)、孔道密度为93个/cm2、孔道壁厚度为0.2mm、孔道形状为四边形(正方形)的蜂窝单元。在此,Fe离子交换型沸石使用了将沸石颗粒浸渍在硝酸铁铵溶液(ferric nitrate ammonium solution)中而进行了Fe离子交换的物质。离子交换量使用ICPS-8100(岛津制作所制作)进行IPC发光分析来求出。
表1中示出了制作该蜂窝单元时所使用的沸石颗粒的比表面积、平均粒径、粒度分布及蜂窝单元的烧成体的微孔的log微分细孔容积的峰值(微孔的峰值)、大孔的log微分细孔容积的峰值(大孔的峰值)及大孔锐化度。在此,将沸石颗粒的粒径设为D时,沸石颗粒的粒度分布是由{(D90-D10)/D50}表示的粒度分布的范围(spread)的指数。并且,大孔锐化度是,在大孔的log微分细孔容积的峰值的细孔径±0.03μm的范围内的细孔的容积相对于大孔的容积的比例(%)。在此,在本实施例中,微孔及大孔的log微分细孔容积的峰值分别只有一个。
[表1]
表1中示出了所得到的蜂窝单元的孔道结构、开口率、担载体重量及弯曲强度。弯曲强度是基于蜂窝单元的3点弯曲试验JIS-R1601进行测定的结果。测定装置使用了英斯特朗(INSTRON)公司制造的5582,设定跨距(span)L=135mm、以十字头速度1mm/min在垂直方向上向孔道壁施加破坏载荷W。弯曲强度σ的计算方法如下所述,先减去孔道的空洞部分的力矩(moment)而计算出截面的二次力矩Z,然后根据下式来计算。
σ=WL/4Z
(蜂窝结构体的制作)
将粘结材料制成浆后,将其涂布到所制作的蜂窝单元的侧面而形成厚度为1mm的粘结材料层,然后在120℃进行干燥固化而制作出将蜂窝单元接合为四排四列的约为长方体的蜂窝接合体。粘结材料浆通过混合29质量%的氧化铝颗粒(平均粒径2μm)、7质量%的氧化铝纤维(平均纤维径6μm、平均纤维长度100μm)、34质量%的氧化铝溶胶(固体浓度20重量%)、5质量%的羧甲基纤维素以及25质量%的水来制作。使用金刚石切割器将所制作的蜂窝接合体的侧壁切割成圆柱形状,然后在形成为圆柱状的侧壁部分的外表面上,将上述粘结材料浆作为涂布材料(与粘结材料相同的物质)浆而涂布0.5mm的厚度,制作了与图1(a)中示出的蜂窝结构体相同形状的圆柱状蜂窝接合体。在120℃对该圆柱状蜂窝接合体进行干燥固化之后,在700℃保持2小时对粘结材料层和涂布材料进行脱脂,得到了圆柱状(直径约144mm×长度150mm)的蜂窝结构体。
图3表示将实施例1中的细孔径(μm)设为横轴、log微分细孔容积(cm3/g)设为纵轴时的蜂窝单元的隔壁的细孔分布曲线。从图3的细孔分布曲线可知,在细孔径0.006~0.06μm的范围内具有一个log微分细孔容积的峰值,在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于0.1μm的范围内具有一个log微分细孔容积的峰值。
(实施例2~8,比较例1、2)
(蜂窝单元的制作)
(实施例2~8,比较例1、2)
如表1中所示,除了使用了与实施例1的比表面积、平均粒径及粒度分布不同的沸石颗粒之外,其它的与实施例1相同,以此制作实施例2~8、比较例1、2的蜂窝单元。与实施例1相同,在表1中示出了其结果。
图4的曲线表示蜂窝单元的大孔锐化度和弯曲强度的关系。横轴表示蜂窝单元的大孔锐化度(%)、纵轴表示蜂窝单元的弯曲强度的值(MPa)。需要说明的是,在图4中,○表示实施例,●表示比较例,○、●的编号分别表示实施例、比较例的编号。
(评价结果)
由表1及图4中表示的结果可知,实施例1~8、比较例1、2中表示的蜂窝单元均具有微孔及大孔。但是,就实施例1~8中表示的蜂窝单元而言,烧成体的大孔的锐化度在60~95%的范围内,但是就比较例1、2中表示的蜂窝单元而言,烧成体的大孔的锐化度为46%、56%,分别在60~95%的范围之外。因此,与实施例1~8中表示的蜂窝单元的弯曲强度在7~10.2MPa的范围内这样的较高值相比,比较例1、2中表示的蜂窝单元的弯曲强度为4.2MPa、4.6MPa这样的较小值。据此,可以得知实施例1~8中表示的蜂窝单元适合用于汽车废气的净化。
[工业实用性]
本发明的蜂窝结构体由高强度的蜂窝单元构成,由于强度高,因此抗震强度也较高,可以作为汽车废气净化用催化剂担载体。尤其,适用于需要使用沸石催化剂的尿素SCR系统(使用尿素的柴油废气净化系统)用的NOx还原催化剂。
Claims (16)
1、一种蜂窝结构体,其具有蜂窝单元,该蜂窝单元包含沸石和无机粘结剂,且具有沿着长度方向从一侧端面延伸至另一侧端面的多个孔道被孔道壁隔开而形成的形状,所述蜂窝结构体的特征在于,
在以所述孔道壁的细孔径为横轴、以log微分细孔容积为纵轴的细孔分布曲线中,所述蜂窝单元在细孔径0.006μm~0.06μm的范围内具有一个以上log微分细孔容积的峰值,在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内具有一个以上log微分细孔容积的峰,
在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内,与所述大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的细孔容量的log微分细孔容积的峰中的log微分细孔容积的峰值最大的峰相对应的细孔径±0.03μm的范围内的细孔的容积是在大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的细孔的细孔容积的60%~95%。
2、根据权利要求1所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,在所述大于0.06μm并小于等于1μm的范围内的log微分细孔容积的峰值在细孔径大于0.06μm并小于等于0.1μm的范围内。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述沸石包含β型沸石、Y型沸石、镁碱沸石、ZSM-5型沸石、丝光沸石、八面沸石、A型沸石或L型沸石。
4、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,在所述沸石中,二氧化硅与氧化铝的摩尔比在1~100的范围内。
5、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,在每一升表观体积的所述蜂窝单元中,所述沸石的含量在230g~700g的范围内。
6、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,在所述蜂窝单元中,沸石含有率在60质量%~80质量%的范围内。
7、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述沸石包含二次粒子,所述二次粒子的平均粒径在0.5μm~10μm的范围内。
8、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述沸石使用Cu、Fe、Ni、Zn、Mn、Co、Ag或V进行了离子交换。
9、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述蜂窝单元还包含无机纤维。
10、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述无机纤维至少包含氧化铝纤维、二氧化硅纤维、碳化硅纤维、硅铝纤维、玻璃纤维、钛酸钾纤维和硼酸铝纤维中的任意一种纤维。
11、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述无机粘结剂至少包含氧化铝溶胶、二氧化硅溶胶、二氧化钛溶胶、水玻璃、海泡石溶胶和绿坡缕石溶胶中的任意一种物质。
12、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述蜂窝单元的开口率在40%~80%的范围内。
13、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述孔道壁的厚度在0.1mm~0.5mm的范围内。
14、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述孔道壁上担载有催化剂成分。
15、根据权利要求14所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,所述催化剂成分为贵金属、碱金属化合物或碱土类金属化合物。
16、根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体,其特征在于,多个所述蜂窝单元通过粘结材料而结合在一起。
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WO2009118816A1 (ja) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-01 | イビデン株式会社 | ハニカム構造体 |
-
2008
- 2008-05-20 WO PCT/JP2008/059261 patent/WO2009141874A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2008-12-22 EP EP08022268A patent/EP2130591B1/en active Active
- 2008-12-30 US US12/346,610 patent/US20090291839A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2009
- 2009-04-28 CN CNA200910136946XA patent/CN101585004A/zh active Pending
- 2009-04-28 KR KR1020090037287A patent/KR101118002B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107206358A (zh) * | 2015-02-06 | 2017-09-26 | 庄信万丰股份有限公司 | 三效催化剂及其在排气系统中的应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2130591A2 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
KR20090121204A (ko) | 2009-11-25 |
WO2009141874A1 (ja) | 2009-11-26 |
EP2130591A3 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
US20090291839A1 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
EP2130591B1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
KR101118002B1 (ko) | 2012-03-14 |
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