CN101554206B - Composite plant feed additive - Google Patents
Composite plant feed additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN101554206B CN101554206B CN2009100839699A CN200910083969A CN101554206B CN 101554206 B CN101554206 B CN 101554206B CN 2009100839699 A CN2009100839699 A CN 2009100839699A CN 200910083969 A CN200910083969 A CN 200910083969A CN 101554206 B CN101554206 B CN 101554206B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/70—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in livestock or poultry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides a composite plant feed additive and provides a preparation method. The additive contains the following components and/or component extracts: raidx astragali, codonopsis pilosula, dandelion, eucommia bark, spina date seed, Chinese magnoliavine fruit, fructus amomi and tangerine peel. The preparation method of the composite plant feed additive comprises the following steps of:preparing the water-vapor distilled extract of the tangerine peel and the fructus amomi; preparing aether backflow extracts of the spina date seed, the Chinese magnoliavine fruit, the eucommia bark a nd the dandelion; preparing water decocted extracts of the raidx astragali and the codonopsis pilosula and the residues of the above steps; and then mixing the extracts and obtaining the composite plant feed additive. The composite plant feed additive provided by the invention, especially the composite plant feed additive obtained by utilizing the method provided by the invention can improve the capability of fighting diseases of livestock and poultries, especially pigs and chicks, especially can prevent and treat relevant diseases of the digestive system, reduces the use of antibiotics and improves the quality of the products of the livestock and poultries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite plant feed additive.
Background technology
Along with the growing drive of people's level of consumption; poultry, fowl, fish culture industry production scale degree improve rapidly; in feed, be widely used antibiotic and the chemical synthetic drug traditional method in order to prevent and cure diseases, to promote and to grow, brought environmental pollution, animal body residual harmful composition to jeopardize the adverse consequences such as human health.
Because the abuse of chemical synthetic drug has not only polluted environment, also makes some livestock and poultry susceptible bacterias produce variation and the resistance to the action of a drug, has infected a large amount of crowds, even cause the infected dead, this has beaten alarm bell for us.Natural plant feed additives can change above-mentioned condition, if this situation may be thoroughly reversed in extensive use, makes animal product become green safety food, makes livestock-raising walk the road of sustainable development under harmony, optimum environment.Yet existing natural plant feed additives effect is also not too obvious, far can not reach the effect of instead of chemical synthetic drug.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can improve the ability that livestock and poultry are resisted disease, especially can prevent and treat the composite plant feed additive of digestive system diseases related, the present invention also provides the preparation method of this composite plant feed additive.
Composite plant feed additive provided by the invention contains these components of the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, dandelion, the bark of eucommia, spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, fructus amomi and dried orange peel and/or component extract.That is to say that every kind of component can be the bulk drug after pulverizing, the extract that also can obtain for processing this kind bulk drug can also both have concurrently.
Preferably, the consumption of the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, dandelion, the bark of eucommia, spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, fructus amomi and dried orange peel is respectively the Radix Astragali 8～10 weight portions; Radix Codonopsis 8～10 weight portions; Dandelion 10～15 weight portions; The bark of eucommia 20～25 weight portions; Spina date seed 10～15 weight portions; The fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 10～12 weight portions; Fructus amomi 10～12 weight portions and dried orange peel 15～20 weight portions.Described consumption is the amount of each bulk drug, rather than the amount of extract, and the amount of extract is determined indirectly by the amount of its corresponding bulk drug.
Preferably, described composite plant feed additive contains: the steam distillation extract of dried orange peel and fructus amomi; The aether backflow extract of spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion; The water boiling and extraction thing of the Radix Astragali and Radix Codonopsis.Preferably, the steam distillation extract of dried orange peel and fructus amomi; The aether backflow extract of spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion; And the weight ratio of the water boiling and extraction thing of the Radix Astragali and Radix Codonopsis is 1: 18～22: 8～17, need to prove that the water boiling and extraction thing of the actual Radix Astragali that obtains and Radix Codonopsis can be the aqueous solution, but above-mentioned weight ratio is the weight ratio of solvent-laden each extract not.Preferably, the weight ratio of the steam distillation extract of dried orange peel and fructus amomi is 1: 0.7～1; The weight ratio of the aether backflow extract of spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion is 1: 0.7～1: 1.2～2: 0.6～1.2; The weight ratio of the water boiling and extraction thing of the Radix Astragali and Radix Codonopsis is 1: 0.8～1.2.Please note, although expression is the weight ratio of extract here, but because the recovery rate of each similar extract is all more approaching, so in actual mechanical process, can determine by the part by weight relation indirect ground of determining raw material the part by weight relation of corresponding extract, that is to say in the similar extract that the weight ratio of each extract is basically identical with the weight ratio of corresponding each raw material.For example, with weight ratio be the weight ratio of the steam distillation extract of the dried orange peel that obtains of 1: 0.7～1 dried orange peel and fructus amomi and fructus amomi also be about 1: 0.7～1.
The preparation method of composite plant feed additive provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) dried orange peel, fructus amomi are soaked after pulverizing, then passed into steam, extract with steam distillation, collect distillate, and obtain the residue of dried orange peel and fructus amomi, and distillate is saltoutd, the gained supernatant is carried out the steam distillation extract that extract and separate gets dried orange peel and fructus amomi;
(2) spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion are pulverized the rear ether that adds and carry out refluxing extraction, extract reclaims ether and gets medicinal extract, get the aether backflow extract of spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion behind the drying under reduced pressure, and obtain the residue of spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion;
(3) the residue water with the residue of the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, above-mentioned dried orange peel and fructus amomi and above-mentioned spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion decocts, and the residue after discarding all and decocting carries out purifying with decoction liquor and obtains the water boiling and extraction thing;
(4) with the steam distillation extract of dried orange peel and fructus amomi; The aether backflow extract of spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion; And described water boiling and extraction thing mix according to 1: 18～22: 8～17 weight ratio and composite plant feed additive.
Preferably, each raw material consumption is as follows: dried orange peel 15～20 weight portions; Fructus amomi 10～12 weight portions; Spina date seed 10～15 weight portions; The fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 10～12 weight portions; The bark of eucommia 20～25 weight portions; Dandelion 10～15 weight portions; The Radix Astragali 8～10 weight portions; Radix Codonopsis 8～10 weight portions.
In the step (1), the described salt that uses of saltouing can be sodium chloride.
In the step (3), decoction liquor is carried out the method that purifying obtains the water boiling and extraction thing be preferably: in decoction liquor, add ethanol, left standstill 15～30 hours after fully stirring, then filter, filtrate is carried out centrifugation, get supernatant and concentrate, get the water boiling and extraction thing through drying under reduced pressure.The ethanol that adds in the decoction liquor and the volume ratio of decoction liquor can be 1: 1～1.5.
Composite plant feed additive provided by the invention, the composite plant feed additive that particularly utilizes method provided by the invention to obtain, can improve the ability that livestock and poultry are resisted disease, especially can prevent and treat the digestive system diseases related, reduce antibiotic use, improved the quality of animal products.
The specific embodiment
Natural drug is born in natural, and physical property and animal body approach, and is easy to be accepted, digest and absorb by animal body.The history in existing several thousand of the application of natural drug, its guiding theory---theory of traditional Chinese medical science are confirmed by long-term practice and are accepted by western countries gradually.Theory of traditional Chinese medical science is emphasized " organic conception " and " diagnosis and treatment ", regard animal body as an organic whole, use " negative and positive ", " five-element " theory to distinguish individual different attribute and Changing Pattern thereof, application " eight principal syndromes ", " internal organs " theory are carried out analytic induction to the animal body characteristic, make correct judgement, stress " giving consideration to both the incidental and fundamental ", " control combination ", " prevention of diseae ", " being that disease is preapred for an unfavorable turn of events " in application facet.Animal body " prevention of diseae " under non-disease conditions seems particularly important, and this requires to pay attention to " reinvigoration ", " fostering healthy tendency " using, " just containing then heresy can not do ".Under the guidance of this theory and through the long-term practice experiment, obtained forming prescription as the composite plant feed additive of additive for farm animal feed: the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, dandelion, the bark of eucommia, spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, fructus amomi, dried orange peel.This composite plant feed additive especially is suitable as the feed addictive of pig and chicken.
The function of each composition is as follows in the side:
The Radix Astragali: blood activating and promoting tissue regeneration, tonifying Qi and lifting yang, the outstanding kind gas of mending the flesh table can prevent that outer heresy invaded by the flesh table.
Radix Codonopsis: tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi, regulating spleen and stomach, the gas of kind tonifying five zang organs has strong and digestion promoting function.
Dandelion: clearing heat and detoxicating, sterilization ends dysentery, is to act on stronger broad-spectrum antiseptic Chinese medicine, can eliminate the pathogenic bacteria in the body enteron aisle, the control diarrhea.
The bark of eucommia: tonify the liver and kidney, strong muscles and bones, can strengthen the immunity function of body self, strengthen the ability of the outer evil germ invasion and attack of opposing.
Spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine: antitoxic heart-soothing and sedative, more constant sedative-hypnotic effect is arranged, can make the animal body quiet sleep, promote animal body self-regeneration and growth.
Fructus amomi: invigorating the spleen, antidiarrheal, appetizing, improving a poor appetite promotes the feed intake of animal, reaches the purpose of weightening finish.
Dried orange peel: regulating qi-flowing for strengthening spleen, stomach strengthening and digestion promoting, can treat abdominal fullness and distention, the stagnation of the circulation of vital energy and not relax, lose the appetite.
Natral plant ingredients is complicated, and every Plants can have multiple effect usually, and each component acts synergistically but not plays a role separately.Main component is alkaloid, folic acid, astragalus polyose, astragalin, flavones etc. in the Radix Astragali; Main component is saponin, alkaloid, triterpenes, protein, amino acid, vitamin etc. in the Radix Codonopsis; Main component is taraxasterol, taraxacin, choline etc. in the dandelion; Main component is lignanoid, hexichol oxolane lignanoid, iridoids, ulmoprenol, bark of eucommia glycoside, gutta-percha etc. in the bark of eucommia; Main component is saponin, fat oil, organic acid etc. in the spina date seed; Mainly contain lignin, organic acid etc. in the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine; The dried orange peel main component is Nobiletin, hesperidine, citrene etc.; Main component is mainly volatile oil in the fructus amomi, wherein is mainly gum camphor, borneol, bornyl acetate, nerolidol etc.
Below by specific embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment 1
With the Radix Astragali 10 weight portions; Radix Codonopsis 10 weight portions; Dandelion 10 weight portions; The bark of eucommia 20 weight portions; Spina date seed 15 weight portions; The fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 10 weight portions; Fructus amomi 10 weight portions and dried orange peel 15 parts by weight of crushed are mixed, and obtain composite plant feed additive.
The below is an application example of this composite plant feed additive.
Begin so far from 2002 beginning of the years, the various places, Heilongjiang Province occur in the identical case of a kind of symptom on the laying hen, be characterized in that the morbidity chicken appears in continuation in a chicken group, it is often not up to standard to breed the chicken body weight, larger economic loss has been caused to chicken farm (family) in the laying hen peak of not laying eggs.Only year July in April, 2004-2005 this more than a year the time just receive five batches 23 of cases poultry family, amount to 80,000 6 thousand plumage laying hens and this disease occurs.According to its incidence, epidemiologic data, clinical symptoms and pathological change, tentative diagnosis is " clinical doubtful infectiousness proventriculitis ".Before 2005, because of without reliable and effective means of prevention, disease is popular for a long time in morbidity chicken group, has caused the higher incidence of disease and case fatality rate.2005 beginning of the years, utilize this composite plant feed additive to control the state of an illness, obtained good result for the treatment of.
The incubation period of " clinical doubtful infectiousness proventriculitis " is not quite clear.Infection animal is laying hen only, has no other bird or other zoogenetic infection is sent out the patient.Morbidity is without significantly seasonal, but winter-spring season is multiple.The morbidity age in days to the laying hen of age in days more than 300, all has the patient of sending out from the chick of 22 ages in days, but take chick, breed chicken and the prometaphase chicken of laying eggs as main.The infection sources is kind of a chicken house.Kind of the egg vertical transmission of route of transmission system is not yet found other route of transmission at present to commercial chicken.
In the chicken group, find at first several the bad persons of spirit, the morbidity chicken occurs successively afterwards.Sick chicken spirit is bad, is off one's feed.Become thin, eyelid turns white, and feather is in disorder, matt.Drawing-down strip ight soil.Dead successively, every day is dead about 0.2%, and the chicken group who is in a bad way individually reaches 1%.It is not good to drop into common antibiotics and antiviral class medication effect, can only alleviate the death time and can not effect a radical cure.It is heavy not up to standard to breed chicken colony.Laying hen except above-mentioned symptom is arranged, lay eggs in addition obviously postpone, without the feature on the peak of laying eggs, majority maintains between 60%～70%, the chicken group's who has laying rate does not also reach 50% when 270 age in days.If eliminate the morbidity chicken, occur again new sick chicken after about 5 days.The incidence of disease is between 40%～50%, and case fatality rate can be up to 100%.
The glandular stomach enlargement is unique characteristic pathology.Outward appearance is ash, white alternate striated, and serosal surface is pale bulk.Glandular stomach wall thickening is normal 3～5 times.Mucosa has gauffer, and the glandular stomach nipple is not obvious, and the opening part of nipple can be extruded white mucus sometimes.The deficiency owing to search for food, visible intestinal tube obviously attenuates, and is about normal 1/3.Other internal organs atypism pathology.
During this case of just seeing and treating patients, because there not being definite prophylactico-therapeutic measures, in order to reduce the loss, take to select the way of eliminating sick chicken.No matter non-evident sympton is arranged, as long as gradual becoming thin occur, just eliminated, mix medicines such as feeding antibiotic, Ribavirin in residue chicken feed or the drinking-water.Sterilization is strengthened in chicken group, place etc.Even like this, can not control morbidity and dead.
Behind the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment of interpolation makes in morbidity chicken group's feed, effectively control morbidity and dead, obtained obvious result for the treatment of.1 weight portion composite plant feed additive is admixed in the feed of 50 weight portions, and for the chicken free choice feeding, per 5 days is a course for the treatment of, and midfeather 3 days is used in conjunction 5 courses for the treatment of.Curative effect is obvious, has not only reduced death, and laying rate is improved.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method is as follows:
15 weight portion dried orange peels, 10 weight portion fructus amomis are soaked after pulverizing, then passed into steam, extract with steam distillation, extract twice, collect the merging distillate, the residue dregs of a decoction are retained for subsequent use.Adding sodium chloride in the distillate saltouts, the gained supernatant is carried out extract and separate, and (supernatant is the mixture of volatile oil and water, need to be with water-oil separating wherein, the organic solvent that use is insoluble in water dissolves volatile oil wherein wherein, then use separatory funnel with organic solvent and moisture from, again organic solvent is reclaimed, obtain volatile oil.) getting the extract first, sealing low temperature saves backup.Adding ether after 15 weight portion spina date seeds, the 10 weight portion fruit ofs Chinese magnoliavine, the 20 weight portion barks of eucommia, 10 weight portion dandelions are slightly pulverized carries out refluxing extraction (temperature is about 35 degree, keep ether to get final product at fluidized state, 2.5～3 hours time), extract twice, merge extract, reclaim ether and get medicinal extract, behind the drying under reduced pressure the sealing of extract second is for subsequent use, residue is retained for subsequent use.The 10 weight portion Radixs Astragali, 10 weight portion Radix Codonopsis and above-mentioned residue are merged water decoct three times, merge three times decoction liquor, discard residue.Add ethanol in decoction liquor, the volume ratio of decoction liquor and ethanol is 1: 1.2, leaves standstill 24 hours after fully stirring, and then filters, and filtrate is carried out centrifugation, gets supernatant and concentrates, and gets extract third and seal for subsequent use behind drying under reduced pressure.The first and second the third three kinds of extracts are fully mixed by 1: 20: 10 weight ratio namely get the composite plant feed additive finished product.
One, the compliance test result of the following composite plant feed additive that obtains for this embodiment test.
(1) experimental design
1, test grouping
1., control group: without medicated feed additive;
2., test 1: composite plant feed additive is pressed complete feed 0.15% and is added.The complete feed product that to be premixed feed proportionally cooperate with protein feeds, mineral feed and energy feed, this class feed product also is called complete mixed feed, full-time grain mixed feed.Usually can be divided into various models according to animal species, age, production purposes etc.This kind feed can satisfy the nutritional need of the object of feeding comprehensively, and the user needn't add the feeding material of any trophism and the Direct-fed animal in addition.
3., test 2: composite plant feed additive is pressed complete feed 0.1% and is added.
2, the test family is selected
1., the 6 groups of Pan Yaoping in Xin Guo village, Harbin City Bin County democracy township, blue brown laying hen 1000 plumages in livestock on hand 454 ages in days seas.Totally three hen houses, every about 30 meter 2, raise about 330 plumages of chicken, three hen houses are divided at random control group, 1 group of test and test 2 groups, the separately corresponding testing material of feeding.
2., the 1 group of Wu Ximing in five-pointed star village, Harbin City Bin County democracy township, blue brown laying hen 1100 plumages in livestock on hand 507 ages in days seas.Divide two hen houses to raise, every about 44 meter 2, raise approximately chicken 550 plumages.The chicken group is divided into 76 groups, with about 25 groups as a test group, and be divided at random control group, test 1 group and test 2 groups, the separately corresponding testing material of feeding.
3, raising situation
Two cultivation adopt the multilayer cage to raise per family.Back of the body north, hen house face south, the well-ventilated, heating by stove, temperature control is in the preference temperature more than 18 ℃ in the house.The chicken group is without the epidemic disease history, all be in lay eggs the peak shortly past after lay eggs the later stage.
4, feed formula
Test is with the following formulated of feed reference: moral board laying hen later stage premix 5% is inspired confidence in corn 61%, dregs of beans 26%, stone flour 8%, Gourde(G), and each test group is added respectively composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains on request in feed separately.
(2) test method
The military happiness in test family is bright to begin test to off-test on December 6 in 2005 on November 3rd, 2005, and test family Pan Yao is put down on November 9th, 2005 and begins test to off-test on December 10 in 2005.Each group is added the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains without medicated feed additive, two test group on request except feeds utilized middle control group, all the other of feeding and management are every all identical, by special messenger's all-the-way tracking process of the test, the projects such as detail record egg number, soft-preserved egg number, damaged number, feed consumption rate, morbidity number and death toll.
(3) result of the test
Result of the test sees table.
1, laying rate
Before the feeding experiment material, two family chicken groups' control group and test group laying rate are basically identical, and the bright chicken group's of the military happiness in test family laying rate is 67-68%, and the flat chicken group's of test family Pan Yao laying rate is 71-72%.In the process of the test, the laying rate of four test group is high than corresponding control group all, 1 group of the test at the bright family of military happiness, the average egg production of 2 groups of tests are respectively 61.30%, 60.14%, control group is 58.56%, that the average egg production contrast component of two test group be you can well imagine is high by 2.74%, 1.58%, and the average egg production difference between two test group is not obvious; The average egg production of 1 group of the test at the flat family of Pan Yao, 2 groups of tests is respectively 69.18%, 69.39%, control group is 67.81%, that the average egg production contrast component of two test group be you can well imagine is high by 1.37%, 1.58%, and the average egg production difference between two test group is not obvious.
Result of the test shows, adds the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains in the feed, can suitably improve the laying rate of laying hen, slows down the amplitude of the later stage egg drop reduction of laying eggs, and prolongs ovipository cycle.And addition gets final product reaching 0.1% dosage, continue to increase dosage to the raising of laying rate without especially obvious effect.
2, the price of deed
Feed intake of per three days statistics after on-test calculates the average every plumage chicken feed consumption rate of every day, and statistics is respectively organized the omnidistance feed consumption rate of average every plumage chicken during off-test, in conjunction with each total egg number of organizing average every plumage chicken, calculates and respectively organizes average feedstuff-egg ratio.The result is: 1 group of the test at the bright family of military happiness, the average feedstuff-egg ratio of 2 groups of tests are respectively 3.13,3.15, control group is 3.35, the average feedstuff-egg ratio contrast group of two test group reduces respectively 0.22,0.20, and the average feedstuff-egg ratio difference between two test group is not obvious; 1 group of the test at the flat family of Pan Yao, 2 groups average feedstuff-egg ratio of test are respectively 2.69,2.68, and control group is that the average feedstuff-egg ratio contrast group of 2.81, two test group reduces respectively 0.12,0.13, and the average egg production difference between two test group is not obvious.
This presentation of results, add the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains in the feed, can more efficiently improve the price of deed of laying hen, and addition reaches 0.1% dosage and gets final product, continue to increase dosage to the improvement of the price of deed without especially obvious effect.
Following table is fed the laying hen effect for the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains.
The chicken group has the characteristics that soft-shelled egg and broken rate of eggshell increase of producing at later stage of laying eggs, and two test families are tested 1 group, 2 groups with respect to separately control group, and this situation all makes moderate progress, and difference is not obvious between two test group.Four test group are with respect to separately control group, and the eggshell color is ruddy, glossy, and the neat uniformity of test group eggshell color is good, and yolk color is generally deepened, and egg yolk weight increases.
The jumpbogroup epidemic disease does not occur in experimental session, chicken group spirit, is in a good state of health, and feather gloss, bright-coloured is searched for food, drinking-water etc. is all normal, and except 1 chicken sudden death of control group occured at Pan Yao flat family, each group was again without falling ill and dead chicken.
Can find out that by this test the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains adds the laying hen of feeding, and can improve to a certain extent the production performance of laying hen, improve the ability that laying hen is resisted disease, possess preferably productive value.
This tests the selected stage is peak laying eggs the later stage later, it is the production law of laying hen that laying rate progressively descends, but use behind the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains the amplitude of egg drop reduction obviously to slow down, thereby use this product can prolong the production cycle of laying hen, possess the effect that delays the laying hen aging.
The composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains adds by 0.1% dosage can satisfy the demand fully.
The very good effect that the aspects such as prevention diarrhoea when the composite plant feed additive that two, obtains below by this embodiment of test explanation adds weaned piglet, food calling, aid digestion, growth promotion, reduction death, Promote immunity function have.
1, materials and methods
1.1 material
1.1.1 additive
1.1.1.1 the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains adds, and adds 1.0kg in the feed per ton.
1.1.1.2 antibiotic medicine feed addictive
Aureomycin: buy in market, add 500g in the feed per ton;
Bacitracin Zinc: buy in market, add 35g in the feed per ton.
1.1.2 experimental animal
1.1.2.1 precious unit plants the pig farm choosing and greatly enhances 48 of two-way cross piglets, weighs in, and take body weight as foundation, is divided at random 4 groups, 12 every group, average weight is 17.5 ± 1.0kg between group, and whose body weight is at 17.5 ± 1.5kg, and weighing is once again during off-test.
1.1.2.2 DLY three way cross piglet is selected on East River kind pig farm, with brood way with supporting, each 9 near two nests of selective body reclosing not from house (also cry and catch up with mother not catch up with young method), are respectively weighed once when on-test and end during wean.
1.1.3 feed
1.1.3.1 the pig farm is planted by precious unit
Table 1 feed formula unit: %
| Project | Control group | Test group |
| Corn | 63.3 | 63.3 |
| Dregs of beans | 28.7 | 28.7 |
| Wheat bran | 4 | 4 |
| Premix | 4 | 4 |
| Additive | 0 | Add according to each group needs |
Table 2 trophic level unit: %
| Project | Control group | Test group |
| Crude protein | 19 | 19 |
| Calcium | 0.80 | 0.80 |
| Total phosphorus | 0.61 | 0.61 |
| Salt | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| Lysine | 1 | 1 |
1.1.3.2 East River kind pig farm
Table 3 feed formula unit: %
| Project | Control group | Test group |
| Corn | 58 | 58 |
| Dregs of beans | 22 | 22 |
| Premix (self-control) | 20 | 20 |
| The composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains adds | 0 | Add 0.1% |
Table 4 trophic level unit: %, Mcal/Kg
| Project | Control group | Test group |
| Crude protein | 20 | 20 |
| Lysine | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Calcium | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Phosphorus | 0.75 | 0.75 |
| Metabolizable energy | 1.49 | 1.49 |
1.2 test method
1.2.1 packet design
1.2.1.1 the pig farm is planted by precious unit
Test is divided into into 4 groups, and the grouping situation sees Table 5.
The pig farm grouping sheet is planted by the precious unit of table 5
| The group order | Group | The composition of feeding and expecting |
| 1 | Control group | Adequate diet |
| 2 | Test group | Adequate diet+Bacitracin Zinc 35mg/Kg |
| 3 | Test group | Adequate diet+aureomycin 500mg/Kg |
| 4 | Test group | It is compound that this embodiment of adequate diet+0.1% obtains |
| Plant feed additive adds |
1.2.1.2 East River kind pig farm
Test is divided into test group and two groups of control group, referring to table 6.
Table 6 East River kind pig farm grouping sheet
| Group | The composition of feeding and expecting |
| Control group | Adequate diet |
| Test group | The multiple feed additives that this embodiment of adequate diet+0.1% obtains adds |
1.2.2 test site, time
1.2.2.1 the pig farm is planted by precious unit: fatten the nursery house in early stage, on January 31, in time from 17 days to 2005 January in 2005.
1.2.2.2 East River kind pig farm: the farrowing house that farrowing cage pastes the breast, on December 24, in time from 9 days to 2004 December in 2004.
1.2.3 feeding and management
Expelling parasite, the anti-epidemic measure of routine were all carried out before on-test.Change and respectively organize testing material until off-test morning from test day.The pig house structure is brick structure insulation house, and precious first boar Ground is geothermal, and temperature is 14～18 ℃ in the house, and East River kind pig farm is net bed formula, and temperature is 12～17 ℃ in the house.The duck-beak type automatic drinking bowl supplies water, and precious unit plants the pig farm and takes free choice feeding method feed, and four times a day limit in East River kind pig farm is raised feed.By the normal management regulation management, keep ground dry, in time clear excrement keeps good ventilation and sanitary condition.
Between the test group of each, various feeding and management conditions and operational procedure are just the same, and by same poultry raiser's management and operation.
1.2.4 testing index
1.2.4.1 daily gain and the relative weight gain
Take on-test the average weight before feeding as starting weight, average weight be that the end is heavy during off-test, calculates average weight gain situation that each is organized.
Divided by starting weight, relatively pig production performance in a short time changes the relative weight gain with absolute gain.
1.2.4.2 feedstuff-meat ratio
After the off-test, calculate and respectively organize average feedstuff-meat ratio, respectively organize the food conversion situation.
1.2.4.3 haematogenic immunity cell
After the off-test, each group is got 3 blood samplings at random, carries out the mensuration of blood phase and immunocyte.
2, result
2.1 weightening finish and feedstuff-meat ratio
Each group weightening finish and feedstuff-meat ratio result are referring to table 7.
2.2 blood is measured mutually
Blood phase measurement result is referring to table 8, table 9.
Table 7 weightening finish and the price of deed
Respectively organize pig haematogenic immunity cell statistics after table 8 test
Respectively organize pig blood leucocyte situation after table 9 test
3, analyze
3.1 Gain weight
Result of the test according to table 7 statistics can be found out, 1 of pig farm is planted by precious unit, 2,3,4 groups average daily gain is respectively 0.582Kg, 0.643Kg, 0.621Kg, 0.695Kg, three test group average daily gains all are higher than control group, the average daily gain of contrast group improves 10.48% respectively, 6.70%, 19.42%, the 2nd, difference is little between 3 two antibiotic groups, the 4th group is better than the 2nd, 3 groups, illustrate in the feed and to add antibiotic and natural plant extracts all helps the weightening finish of piglet, add the gaining effect of piglet optimum and add the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains; The daily gain of two groups in East River kind pig farm is respectively 0.467Kg, 0.498Kg, test group contrast group raising 6.64%, and result of the test is similar with precious first pig farm of planting, and is that the gaining effect of test group is not as precious first the obvious of pig farm of planting.
From the relative weight gain, the relative weight gain that 4 groups in pig farm are planted by precious unit is respectively 48.42%, 49.72%, 48.25%, 56.90%, the increase rate of three test group contrast groups is respectively 2.68% ,-0.35%, 17.51%, 1st, the relative weight gain difference of 2,3 groups is little, and the 4th group of the relative weight gain successful is better than other three groups, illustrate and add antibiotic in a short time to the improvement of the growth performance of piglet and not obvious, add composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains and add then and can improve very significantly the growth performance of piglet; The relative weight gain on East River kind pig farm is respectively 72.83%, 77.44%, and the increase rate of test group contrast group is 6.33%, and its result is similar with precious first kind pig farm, but the relative weight gain effect of test group is not so good as the obvious of precious unit kind pig farm.
3.2 price of deed situation
Result from table 7, the feedstuff-meat ratio that 4 groups in pig farm are planted by precious unit is respectively 1.684,1.555,1.562,1.370, the equal contrast group of the feedstuff-meat ratio of three test group low, the improvement rate is respectively 7.66%, 7.24%, 18.65%, the 2nd, difference is little between 3 two antibiotic groups, and the 4th group feedstuff-meat ratio is minimum, be starkly lower than control group, illustrate in the feed that adding composite plant feed additive that antibiotic and this embodiment obtain adds and can improve the price of deed, and add composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains add to the price of deed to improve effect the most obvious; The feedstuff-meat ratio of East River kind pig farm control group and test group is respectively 1.156,1.084, the feedstuff-meat ratio of test group contrast group is low, the improvement rate is 6.23%, and it is similar that the pig farm is planted by its result and precious unit, but the effect of improving of the price of deed of test group to plant the pig farm obvious not as precious unit.
3.3 immunocyte and immunologic function situation
By as seen from Table 8, the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains adds the blood lymphocytes of group and ANAE positive cell apparently higher than other group, and the antibiotic group is lower than control group, and difference is little between the antibiotic group.According to table 9, the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment on two pig farms obtains adds group except leaflet nuclear eosinophil leucocyte eosinophil leucocyte contrast group lower than other group, the East River pig farm is lower slightly, and the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment of other various leucocytes obtains adds group and all is higher than other group.Illustrate that the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment of interpolation obtains in the feed has Promote immunity cell proliferation and the effect that improves immunologic function, add antibiotic then Immunosuppression cell proliferation and reduction immunologic function.
Duration of test finds that the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains adds the pig grazing speed of group apparently higher than control group and antibiotic group, and being full of animal spirits, appetite are good.In the test on East River pig farm, control group has 3 hairs to give birth to diarrhoea, cure behind oral 1-2 the apramycin, and test group only has 1 laxativeness, does not heal with medicine, self-healing in the 2nd day.
4, discuss
All be higher than control group 4.1 the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains adds the gaining effect of group and antibiotic group and improves price of deed effect, and add group performance optimum with the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains.Antibiotic is as feed addictive, and its initial and topmost purpose is exactly growth promotion and the effect that improves the price of deed, from this test as if can, be feasible with the natural plant extracts substitute antibiotics.
4.2 the principles of formulating prescriptions that the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains adds, take the enhanced machine body immunity function as main, take antibiotic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory as auxiliary, help simultaneously to have strong dryness of the lung spleen, orectic multiple natural plant extracts science compatibility forms, so the composite plant feed additive that obtains of this embodiment has the immunity of organisms of enhancing, increases appetite, growth promotion, prevents the multinomial effect such as diarrhoea.
4.3 the lymphocyte of antibiotic group, ANAE positive cell content are lower, illustrate that antibiotic has suppressed the propagation of immunocyte, has reduced the immunologic function of animal.Main cause should be because antibiotic interpolation, make pathogen not have in animal body the soil of existence, reduced the quantity of immune system excimer, make immune system be in lower activated state, in a single day animal catches an illness, will more depend on the effect of external medicine, and this dependence will cause a large amount of generations of antibiotic abuse and drug-fast bacteria.The unique effective way that solves this difficult problem is exactly to seek the novel fodder additive of substitute antibiotics, and natural plant extracts may be the good selection of following antibiotic feed additive substitute with its outstanding short length, disease-resistant performance.
4.4 the result at two test sites is slightly variant, East River kind pig farm add composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains add group contrast group indices not as precious unit plant the pig farm obviously, possible reason has: 1. the feeding and management condition on two kind pig farms is variant; 2. the piglet kind on two kind pig farms is variant; 3. the selected piglet age is variant.
4.5 short length, health-care effect that the composite plant feed additive that this embodiment obtains adds are because it comes from natural goods and has kept natural structure and biologically active, pollution-free, no drug residue, have no side effect, be beneficial to the exclusive characteristics such as environmental protection, open up an approach for producing from now on green feed, will inject new vitality for the strategy of sustainable development of animal husbandry.
5, conclusion
The composite plant feed additive that obtains with this embodiment adds the piglet of feeding, the effect of growth promotion and raising immunocompetence obviously is better than control group and antibiotic group, feed conversion rate is high, being a kind of have natural, green, the environmental protection of exploitation future, safe feed addictive, also is a kind ofly can replace antibiotic novel fodder additive.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of a composite plant feed additive is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) after being pulverized, soaks the fructus amomi of the dried orange peel of 15～20 weight portions, 10～12 weight portions, then pass into steam, extract with steam distillation, collect distillate, and obtain the residue of dried orange peel and fructus amomi, distillate is saltoutd, the gained supernatant is carried out the steam distillation extract that extract and separate gets dried orange peel and fructus amomi;
(2) spina date seed of 10～15 weight portions, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine of 10～12 weight portions, the bark of eucommia of 20～25 weight portions and the rear ether that adds of dandelion pulverizing of 10～15 weight portions are carried out refluxing extraction, extract reclaims ether and gets medicinal extract, get the aether backflow extract of spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion behind the drying under reduced pressure, and obtain the residue of spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion;
(3) residue of the Radix Astragali of 8～10 weight portions, the Radix Codonopsis of 8～10 weight portions, above-mentioned dried orange peel and fructus amomi and the residue water of above-mentioned spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion are decocted, residue after discarding all and decocting carries out purifying with decoction liquor and obtains the water boiling and extraction thing;
(4) with the steam distillation extract of dried orange peel and fructus amomi; The aether backflow extract of spina date seed, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, the bark of eucommia and dandelion; And described water boiling and extraction thing mix according to 1: 18～22: 8～17 weight ratio and composite plant feed additive.
2. the preparation method of composite plant feed additive according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step (1), the described salt that uses of saltouing is sodium chloride.
3. the preparation method of composite plant feed additive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step (3), decoction liquor is carried out the method that purifying obtains the water boiling and extraction thing is: add ethanol in decoction liquor, left standstill 15～30 hours after fully stirring, then filter, filtrate is carried out centrifugation, get supernatant and concentrate, get the water boiling and extraction thing through drying under reduced pressure.
4. the preparation method of composite plant feed additive according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the ethanol that adds in the decoction liquor and the volume ratio of decoction liquor are 1: 1～1.5.
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| CN102388837A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2012-03-28 | 秀山弈博农业开发有限责任公司 | High-quality ecological pig feeding method |
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| CN104398655A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-11 | 长沙汇凯华明生物科技有限公司 | Plant antibiotic and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106562091A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-04-19 | 北京澳瑞思生物营养技术有限公司 | Compound plant feed additive for laying fowls and preparation method thereof |
| CN108094744A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 北京澳瑞思生物营养技术有限公司 | A kind of composite plant feed additive for improving eggs ' quality and preparation method thereof |
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